222 lines
25 KiB
XML
222 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="659EABBB570C4228B0A3DADB965759DB" ID-CLB-Dataset="46059" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3785.2.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d4fa8cf8-a7a0-4b61-a27b-c8892abaac23" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="225941" ID-ZooBank="524C0ED8-F57C-4163-BE70-CED1D7E86F71" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460406237929" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Drago, Fabiana B., Lunaschi, Lía I. & Draghi, Regina" docDate="2014" docId="820A878F3200A96C4ADAFB211F9FFE8C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03785p270.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3785 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Bothriogaster variolaris Fuhrmann 1904" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="268" masterDocId="7E33FFF73209A9664A4DFF8D1D42FFE9" masterDocTitle="Digenean fauna in raptors from northeastern Argentina, with the description of a new species of Strigea (Digenea: Strigeidae)" masterLastPageNumber="270" masterPageNumber="258" pageNumber="267" updateTime="1698299827813" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="BD2CA18699680E3FB68F26A8B29789ED" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="C70068BD10910A02FC6D2D2B4A977812">Digenean fauna in raptors from northeastern Argentina, with the description of a new species of Strigea (Digenea: Strigeidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F3E4D2F97C1B0DE974C9C8E7B3E07ABD">Drago, Fabiana B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0A9CD04C985A7699503B20F6446D7898">Lunaschi, Lía I.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="7025F984A6B22829979454E130F4ACBB">Draghi, Regina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E81CE6C77E2CA78AA33B7379ACEA957E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="AD7207D989B157B70EC7977BFEEB9BE2">
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<mods:date id="1261B0F98CF94230EE514E4A14B708DE">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="74985B62DFDF47A8DEA951C0DB8791B9">3785</mods:number>
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<treatment id="820A878F3200A96C4ADAFB211F9FFE8C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5620255" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119421724" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5620255" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:820A878F3200A96C4ADAFB211F9FFE8C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/820A878F3200A96C4ADAFB211F9FFE8C" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">
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<subSubSection id="42B965123200A96F4ADAFB211CB1FA5F" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="0A1C36993200A96F4ADAFB211FC3FB2C" blockId="9.[151,641,1196,1256]" box="[151,641,1196,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">
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<heading id="515481F53200A96F4ADAFB211FC3FB2C" bold="true" box="[151,641,1196,1221]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4ADAFB211FC3FB2C" bold="true" box="[151,641,1196,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">
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<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4ADAFB211C69FB2C" bold="true" box="[151,299,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Spaniometra</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="CDA34D1A3200A96F4B7FFB211FC3FB2C" authority="(Fuhrmann, 1904)" authorityName="Fuhrmann" authorityYear="1904" baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[306,641,1196,1221]" class="Chilopoda" family="Himantariidae" genus="Bothriogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variolaris">
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<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4B7FFB211CE2FB2C" bold="true" box="[306,416,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">variolaris</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F4BE2FB211F3AFB2C" author="Fuhrmann" box="[431,632,1196,1221]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Fuhrmann, O. (1904) Neue trematoden. Z entralblatt fur Bakteriologie und Parasitenkunde Abteilung. I, 37, 58 - 64." type="journal article" year="1904">Fuhrmann, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A1C36993200A96F4ADAFB421DBAFB01" blockId="9.[151,641,1196,1256]" box="[151,248,1231,1256]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">
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(
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<figureCitation id="92982A1C3200A96F4AD2FB421DB2FB01" box="[159,240,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURES 4 – 11" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1800,1823]" captionTargetBox="[302,1265,212,1748]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[283,1288,193,1779]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 4 – 11. Digeneans from raptors. 4. Strigea proteolytica n. sp. from Buteogallus urubitinga, scale bar = 250 µm. 5. Strigea falconis brasiliana Szidat, 1929 from Caracara plancus, scale bar = 250 µm. 6. Neodiplostomum travassosi Dubois, 1937 from Buteogallus meridionalis, scale bar = 200 µm. 7. Tylodelphys brevis Drago & Lunaschi, 2008 from Busarellus nigricollis, scale bar = 100 µm. 8. Posthodiplostomum macrocotyle Dubois, 1937 from B. nigricollis, scale bar 200 µm. 9. Enlarged view of copulatory bursa of P. macrocotyle, scale bar 50 µm. 10. Spaniometra variolaris (Fuhrmann, 1904) from R. sociabilis, scale bar 500 µm. 11. Megalophallus deblocki Kostadinova, Vaucher & Gibson, 2006 from R. sociabilis, scale bar 100 µm. Abbreviations: B, body wall; Gc, genital cone; P, prepuce." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/225943/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A1C36993200A96F4ADAFA951CABFAA5" blockId="9.[151,1436,1304,1356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">
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Syns.
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<taxonomicName id="CDA34D1A3200A96F4A9BFA951FC1FAC7" authority="Fuhrmann, 1904" authorityName="Fuhrmann" authorityYear="1904" box="[214,643,1304,1326]" class="Chilopoda" family="Himantariidae" genus="Bothriogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variolaris">
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<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4A9BFA951C8DFAC7" box="[214,463,1304,1326]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Bothriogaster variolaris</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F4B9AFA951FC1FAC7" author="Fuhrmann" box="[471,643,1304,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Fuhrmann, O. (1904) Neue trematoden. Z entralblatt fur Bakteriologie und Parasitenkunde Abteilung. I, 37, 58 - 64." type="journal article" year="1904">Fuhrmann, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F48C2FA951E4DFAC7" box="[655,783,1304,1326]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Bothrigaster</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="CDA34D1A3200A96F495AFA95197FFAC7" authority="(Fuhrmann, 1904)" authorityName="(Fuhrmann, 1904) Dollfus" authorityYear="1948" baseAuthorityName="Fuhrmann" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[791,1085,1304,1326]" class="Chilopoda" family="Himantariidae" genus="Bothriogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variolaris">
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<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F495AFA951E39FAC7" box="[791,891,1304,1326]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">variolaris</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F49C7FA951974FAC7" author="Fuhrmann" box="[906,1078,1304,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Fuhrmann, O. (1904) Neue trematoden. Z entralblatt fur Bakteriologie und Parasitenkunde Abteilung. I, 37, 58 - 64." type="journal article" year="1904">Fuhrmann, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F4E08FA951997FAC7" author="Dollfus" box="[1093,1237,1304,1326]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Dollfus, R. P. (1948) Sur deux monostomes (Cyclocoelidae) pourvus d'une ventouse ventrale. Observations sur la classification des Cyclocoeloidae Albert Henry, 1923, liste de leur hotes, repartition geographique. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparee, 23, 129 - 199." type="journal article" year="1948">Dollfus, 1948</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="CDA34D1A3200A96F4EACFA951CABFAA5" authority="Fuhrmann, 1904" authorityName="Fuhrmann" authorityYear="1904" class="Trematoda" family="Cyclocoelidae" genus="Ophthalmophagus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="variolaris">
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<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4EACFA951C69FAA5" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Ophthalmophagus variolaris</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F4B75FABB1CA0FAA5" author="Fuhrmann" box="[312,482,1334,1356]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Fuhrmann, O. (1904) Neue trematoden. Z entralblatt fur Bakteriologie und Parasitenkunde Abteilung. I, 37, 58 - 64." type="journal article" year="1904">Fuhrmann, 1904</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A1C36993200A96F4ADAFAF41E10FA7B" blockId="9.[151,1436,1401,2038]" box="[151,850,1401,1426]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">
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<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4ADAFAF41D9AFA7B" bold="true" box="[151,216,1401,1426]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Host:</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="CDA34D1A3200A96F4A92FAF41F05FA7B" authority="Vieillot" authorityName="Vieillot" box="[223,583,1401,1426]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Rostrhamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sociabilis">
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<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4A92FAF41C94FA7B" box="[223,470,1401,1426]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Rostrhamus sociabilis</emphasis>
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(Vieillot)
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</taxonomicName>
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, snail kite (Accipitidae)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="0A1C36993200A96F4A8AFA101CB1FA5F" blockId="9.[151,1436,1401,2038]" box="[199,499,1437,1462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">
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<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4A8AFA101CC9FA5F" bold="true" box="[199,395,1437,1462]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Site of infection:</emphasis>
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air–sacs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="42B965123200A96F4A8AFA4C1FC0FA33" box="[199,642,1473,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="0A1C36993200A96F4A8AFA4C1FC0FA33" blockId="9.[151,1436,1401,2038]" box="[199,642,1473,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">
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<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4A8AFA4C1CF7FA33" bold="true" box="[199,437,1473,1498]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Voucher specimens:</emphasis>
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<collectionCode id="6CB2AE5C3200A96F4BF1FA4F1CB4FA30" box="[444,502,1474,1497]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/66si-588n" name="Museo de La Plata" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">MLP</collectionCode>
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6718, 6719.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="42B965123200A96F4A8AFA681FB5F983" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="0A1C36993200A96F4A8AFA681FB5F983" blockId="9.[151,1436,1401,2038]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">
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<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4A8AFA681CADFA17" bold="true" box="[199,495,1509,1534]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Distribution and Hosts:</emphasis>
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This species was originally described by
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<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F49B5FA68198EFA17" box="[1016,1228,1509,1534]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Fuhrmann, O. (1904) Neue trematoden. Z entralblatt fur Bakteriologie und Parasitenkunde Abteilung. I, 37, 58 - 64." type="journal article">Fuhrmann, (1904)</bibRefCitation>
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||
as
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<taxonomicName id="CDA34D1A3200A96F4F4DFA681C47F9CB" class="Chilopoda" family="Himantariidae" genus="Bothriogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variolaris">
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||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4F4DFA681C47F9CB" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Bothriogaster variolaris</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
parasitizing
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<taxonomicName id="CDA34D1A3200A96F4BE9F9871F77F9CB" box="[420,565,1545,1570]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Rostrhamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sociabilis">
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||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4BE9F9871CF7F9C8" box="[420,437,1546,1569]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
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||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4B87F9841F77F9CB" box="[458,565,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">sociabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from South
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<collectingCountry id="72B476093200A96F489BF9841E78F9CB" box="[726,826,1545,1570]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">America</collectingCountry>
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||
. Later, it was reported in the same host in
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||
<collectingCountry id="72B476093200A96F4F1AF98418D9F9CB" box="[1367,1435,1545,1570]" name="Brazil" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F4AD3F9A31C10F9AF" author="Travassos" box="[158,338,1582,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Travassos, L. (1922) Informacoes sobre a fauna helminthologica de Matto Grosso. Folha Medica, 3, 187 - 190." type="journal article" year="1922">Travassos 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72B476093200A96F4B28F9A01CE2F9AF" box="[357,416,1581,1606]" name="Cuba" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Cuba</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F4BE2F9A31FDEF9AF" author="Perez" box="[431,668,1581,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Perez Vigueras, I. (1940) Notas sobre algunas especies nuevas de trematodes y sobre otras poco conocidas. Revista Universidad de La Habana, 5, 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1940">Perez Vigueras 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F48EAF9A01FA2F9AF" author="Vigueras" box="[679,736,1581,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Perez Vigueras, I. (1955) Contribucion al conocimiento de la fauna helmintologica cubana. Memorias de la Sociedad Cubana de Historia Natural, 22, 21 - 71." type="journal article" year="1955">1955</bibRefCitation>
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||
) and
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||
<collectingCountry id="72B476093200A96F4953F9A31E14F9AF" box="[798,854,1582,1606]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F4928F9A0195FF9AF" author="Cole" box="[869,1053,1581,1606]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Cole, R. A., Thomas, N. J. & Roderick, C. L. (1995) Bothrigaster variolaris (Trematoda: Cyclocoelidae) Infection in two Flonda Snail Kites (Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus). Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 31, 576 - 578. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.7589 / 0090 - 3558 - 31.4.576" type="journal article" year="1995">
|
||
Cole
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||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F49EEF9A31E96F9AF" box="[931,980,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
), and in
|
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<taxonomicName id="CDA34D1A3200A96F4E30F9A318DEF9AF" box="[1149,1436,1581,1606]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Accipiter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="bicolor" subSpecies="pileatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4E30F9A318DEF9AF" box="[1149,1436,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Accipiter bicolor pileatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72B476093200A96F4A99F9DF1C7EF983" box="[212,316,1618,1642]" name="Paraguay" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F4B06F9DC1FA8F983" author="Masi" box="[331,746,1617,1642]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Masi Pallares, R. & Benitez Usher, C. (1972) Algunos helmintos en aves en Paraguay. Revista Paraguaya de Microbiologia, 7, 33 - 63." type="journal article" year="1972">Masi Pallarés & Benítez Usher 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="42B965123200A96F4A8AF9F81917F88F" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="0A1C36993200A96F4A8AF9F81917F88F" blockId="9.[151,1436,1401,2038]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4A8AF9F81C34F967" bold="true" box="[199,374,1653,1678]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Measurements</emphasis>
|
||
: Based on 5 immature specimens. Body linguiform, 3.97–4.4 (4.2) mm long by 0.80–1.03 (0.95) mm wide. Mouth subterminal. Oral sucker absent. Ventral sucker round, immediately posterior to intestinal bifurcation, 126–130 (127) long by 133–145 (143) wide. Prepharynx 121–169 (145) long; pharynx slightly oval, 112–143(126) long by 107–126 (116) wide; esophagus 40–95 (69) long; ceca long, united near posterior extremity forming cyclocoel. Testes tandem, entire; anterior testis round, equatorial, 241–242 (242) long by 227–242 (235) wide; posterior testis subspherical, post-equatorial, 237–266 (250) long by 134–256 (214) wide. Ovary round, located anterior to posterior cecal union, 107–169 (141) long by 107–193 (146) wide.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="42B965123200A96C4A8AF8FC1F9FFE8C" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="0A1C36993200A96C4A8AF8FC1F7FFEF4" blockId="9.[151,1436,1401,2038]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="268" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">
|
||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4A8AF8FC1C76F863" bold="true" box="[199,308,1905,1930]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
: The morphological characters of the specimens here described agree with the descriptions of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F4F13F8FF1C04F847" author="Perez" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Perez Vigueras, I. (1940) Notas sobre algunas especies nuevas de trematodes y sobre otras poco conocidas. Revista Universidad de La Habana, 5, 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1940">Perez Vigueras (1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F4B1CF8181CCEF847" author="Vigueras" box="[337,396,1941,1966]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Perez Vigueras, I. (1955) Contribucion al conocimiento de la fauna helmintologica cubana. Memorias de la Sociedad Cubana de Historia Natural, 22, 21 - 71." type="journal article" year="1955">1955</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but they are smaller (
|
||
<quantity id="CD5B9B7C3200A96F48C3F81B1E67F844" box="[654,805,1942,1966]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.185" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="3.97" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" unit="mm" value="4.185" valueMax="4.4" valueMin="3.97">3.97–4.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
vs.
|
||
<quantity id="CD5B9B7C3200A96F491EF8181EF0F847" box="[851,946,1941,1966]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
|
||
) and have not reached sexual maturity. The specimens described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683200A96F4B8EF8341EDFF83B" box="[451,925,1977,2002]" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" refString="Masi Pallares, R. & Benitez Usher, C. (1972) Algunos helmintos en aves en Paraguay. Revista Paraguaya de Microbiologia, 7, 33 - 63." type="journal article">Masi Pallarés & Benítez Usher (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
possess morphological and morphometric characters similar to our specimens. The life cycle of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDA34D1A3200A96F48BCF8531E3EF81F" box="[753,892,2013,2038]" class="Chilopoda" family="Himantariidae" genus="Bothriogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="9" pageNumber="267" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variolaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F48BCF8531FBDF81C" box="[753,767,2014,2037]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3200A96F4940F8501E3EF81F" box="[781,892,2013,2038]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="267">variolaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unknown; however, considering the life cycle pattern of cyclocoelids, probably the snail kites become infected by eating snails that harbor metacencariae. The high densities of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDA34D1A3203A96C4B1BFF301C9DFF3C" box="[342,479,188,213]" class="Chilopoda" family="Himantariidae" genus="Bothriogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Geophilomorpha" pageId="10" pageNumber="268" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variolaris">
|
||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3203A96C4B1BFF301C26FF3D" box="[342,356,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="268">S</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3203A96C4B3CFF311C9DFF3C" box="[369,479,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="268">variolaris</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can cause airsacculitis and bronchitis, and probably the death of birds from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72B476093203A96C4F7DFF31182AFF3D" box="[1328,1384,188,212]" name="United States of America" pageId="10" pageNumber="268">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
(see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683203A96C4ADAFF521C0FFF11" author="Cole" box="[151,333,223,248]" pageId="10" pageNumber="268" refString="Cole, R. A., Thomas, N. J. & Roderick, C. L. (1995) Bothrigaster variolaris (Trematoda: Cyclocoelidae) Infection in two Flonda Snail Kites (Rostrhamus sociabilis plumbeus). Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 31, 576 - 578. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.7589 / 0090 - 3558 - 31.4.576" type="journal article" year="1995">
|
||
Cole
|
||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3203A96C4A9EFF6C1C41FF11" box="[211,259,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="268">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). However, in this study the infection intensity was relatively low compared with the studies in the northern hemisphere (22 vs. 40–225).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="0A1C36993203A96C4A8AFEAA1F9FFE8C" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="268">
|
||
The finding of this cyclocoelid parasitizing
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CDA34D1A3203A96C48FBFEA41E03FEA9" box="[694,833,295,320]" class="Aves" family="Accipitridae" genus="Rostrhamus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Accipitriformes" pageId="10" pageNumber="268" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sociabilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3203A96C48FBFEA41F85FEA9" box="[694,711,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="268">R</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3203A96C489BFEAA1E03FEA9" box="[726,833,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="268">sociabilis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72B476093203A96C49CAFEA51EABFED6" box="[903,1001,296,319]" name="Taiwan" pageId="10" pageNumber="268">Formosa</collectingCountry>
|
||
Province represents the first record of the genus
|
||
<emphasis id="38D7EA8B3203A96C4B45FEC01CD5FE8D" box="[264,407,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="268">Spaniometra</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6E324B683203A96C4BD3FEC11F00FE8D" author="Kossack" box="[414,578,332,357]" pageId="10" pageNumber="268" refString="Kossack, W. (1911) Uber monostomiden. Zoologische Jahrbucher. Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 31, 491 - 590." type="journal article" year="1911">
|
||
Kossack,
|
||
<quantity id="CD5B9B7C3203A96C4846FEC11F00FE8D" box="[523,578,332,356]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85394" pageId="10" pageNumber="268" unit="in" value="1911.0">1911</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="72B476093203A96C482BFEC11F9BFE8C" box="[614,729,332,357]" name="Argentina" pageId="10" pageNumber="268">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |