treatments-xml/data/81/65/9C/81659C1DFFD5FF9CD6B6FF1CFC42D2AE.xml
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<document id="B7F859B39394A71B6825DE37C17FB48C" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-ZooBank="1C88D39B-92D0-4045-8E96-59A820FD14B5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629811198716" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Rafael, J. A. &amp; Câmara, J. T." docDate="2012" docId="81659C1DFFD5FF9CD6B6FF1CFC42D2AE" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03488p079.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3488" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Empis leucostigma Bezzi 1909" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="71" masterDocId="7D5CE465FFD2FF94D621FF8BFFA7D644" masterDocTitle="Revision of Neotropical species of Empididae (Diptera) described by Mario Bezzi. XI. The species described in Empis Linnaeus" masterLastPageNumber="79" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="70" updateTime="1699115580821" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="02B0468AD58D40549B3E9F8F80A2E2F9">Revision of Neotropical species of Empididae (Diptera) described by Mario Bezzi. XI. The species described in Empis Linnaeus</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="505E22E4354D2B7AC80C48D6DD997308">Rafael, J. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="921EE0B6551D3C3E569B2D25053BB90C">2012</mods:date>
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<treatment id="81659C1DFFD5FF9CD6B6FF1CFC42D2AE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5278806" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5278806" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:81659C1DFFD5FF9CD6B6FF1CFC42D2AE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/81659C1DFFD5FF9CD6B6FF1CFC42D2AE" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
<subSubSection id="41D67E80FFD5FF93D6B6FF1CFE61D6F5" box="[151,454,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFD5FF93D6B6FF1CFE61D6F5" blockId="7.[151,454,151,210]" box="[151,454,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
<heading id="523B9A67FFD5FF93D6B6FF1CFE61D6F5" bold="true" box="[151,454,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="CECC5688FFD5FF93D6B6FF1CFE61D6F5" ID-CoL="39JD2" authority="Bezzi" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,454,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucostigma">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D6B6FF1CFE61D6F5" bold="true" box="[151,454,151,177]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D6B6FF1CFEDBD6F5" bold="true" box="[151,380,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Empis leucostigma</emphasis>
Bezzi
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41D67E80FFD5FF93D6B6FF31FEFFD696" box="[151,344,186,210]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="description">
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFD5FF93D6B6FF31FEFFD696" blockId="7.[151,454,151,210]" box="[151,344,186,210]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
(
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFD5FF93D6BEFF31FE80D696" box="[159,295,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURES 3240" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-332@7.[265,1323,505,1480]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3240. Empis leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 32, head, lateral view; 33, occiput, frontal view; 34, thorax, dorsal view; 35, left foreleg, posterior view; 36, left midleg, posterior view; 37, right hindleg, anterior view; 38, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view; 39, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view; 40, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations: GF = genital fork; St = sternite; T = tergites. Scales: Figures 3537 = 1.0 mm; 3234 = 0.5 mm; 3840 = 0.2 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Figs. 3240</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFD5FF93D713FF31FEE8D696" box="[306,335,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURES 7885" captionStartId="15.[151,263,962,985]" captionTargetBox="[306,1281,194,941]" captionTargetId="figure-441@15.[306,1281,193,941]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 7885. Wings. 78, Empis angustipennis Bezzi, lectotype ♀; 79, E. chiragra Bezzi, lectotype ♂; 80, E. induta Bezzi, female holotype; 81, E. leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 82, E. liodes Bezzi, holotype ♀. 83, E. lucidilabris Bezzi, ♀ from Peru; 84, E. penniventris Bezzi, holotype ♀. 85, E. spinifera Bezzi, lectotype ♂. Length of each wing informed along the text." pageId="7" pageNumber="70">81</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41D67E80FFD5FF93D6B6FE88FD02D773" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFD5FF93D6B6FE88FD02D773" blockId="7.[151,1436,258,311]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="29DC0A25FFD5FF93D6B6FE88FD02D773" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
<treatmentCitation id="886D0B1AFFD5FF93D6B6FE88FD8DD75C" author="Bezzi, M." box="[151,554,258,280]" page="356" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" year="1909">
<taxonomicName id="CECC5688FFD5FF93D6B6FE88FD8DD75C" ID-CoL="39JD2" authority="Bezzi, 1909: 356" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityPageNumber="356" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,554,258,280]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucostigma">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D6B6FE88FEF9D75C" box="[151,350,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Empis leucostigma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6D5D50FAFFD5FF93D74DFE89FD8DD75C" author="Bezzi, M." box="[364,554,258,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" pagination="298 - 407" refId="ref10982" refString="Bezzi, M. (1909) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der sudamerikanischen Dipterenfauna auf Grund der Sammelergebnisse einer Reise in Chile, Peru und Bolivia, ausgefuhrt in den Jahren 1902 - 1904 von W. Schnuse. Fam. Empididae. Nova Acta Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Germanicae Naturae Curiosorum, 91, 298 - 407." type="journal article" year="1909">Bezzi, 1909: 356</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="886D0B1AFFD5FF93D41DFE89FCBAD75C" author="Melander, A. L." box="[572,797,258,280]" page="160" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" year="1928">
<bibRefCitation id="6D5D50FAFFD5FF93D41DFE89FCBAD75C" author="Melander, A. L." box="[572,797,258,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" refId="ref11303" refString="Melander, A. L. (1928) Diptera, Fam. Empididae. In: Wytsman, O. (Ed.), Genera Insectorum Fasc. 185. Louis Desmet-Verteneuil, Bruxelles, 434 pp." type="book" year="1928">Melander, 1928: 160</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(checklist);
<treatmentCitation id="886D0B1AFFD5FF93D58AFE89FBCBD75C" author="Collin, J. E." box="[939,1132,258,280]" page="231" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" year="1933">
<bibRefCitation id="6D5D50FAFFD5FF93D58AFE89FBCBD75C" author="Collin, J. E." box="[939,1132,258,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" refId="ref11039" refString="Collin, J. E. (1933) Empididae. Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. Volume 4, London, British Museum of Natural History, London. Vol. 4, 334 pp., 74 figs." type="book" year="1933">Collin, 1933: 231</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(citation);
<treatmentCitation id="886D0B1AFFD5FF93D2CAFE89FA3BD75C" author="Smith, K. G. V." box="[1259,1436,258,280]" page="22" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="6D5D50FAFFD5FF93D2CAFE89FA3BD75C" author="Smith, K. G. V." box="[1259,1436,258,280]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" refId="ref11556" refString="Smith, K. G. V. (1967) Family Empididae. In: Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo (Ed.), A Catalogue of Diptera of Americas South of the United States. Sao Paulo, Vol. 39, 67 pp." type="book" year="1967">Smith, 1967: 22</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue);
<treatmentCitation id="886D0B1AFFD5FF93D767FEA9FD81D773" author="Yang, D. &amp; Zhang K. &amp; Yao G. &amp; Zhang J." box="[326,550,289,311]" page="135" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" year="2007">
<bibRefCitation id="6D5D50FAFFD5FF93D767FEA9FD81D773" author="Yang, D. &amp; Zhang K. &amp; Yao G. &amp; Zhang J." box="[326,550,289,311]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" refId="ref11607" refString="Yang, D., Zhang K., Yao G. &amp; Zhang J. (2007). World Catalog of Empididae (Insecta: Diptera). Beijing, China Agricultural University Press, vi + 599 pp." type="book" year="2007">
Yang
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D7A0FEA9FE0BD773" box="[385,428,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">et al</emphasis>
., 2007: 135
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(catalogue).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41D67E80FFD5FF9CD6B6FEE8FDA0D58E" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFD5FF93D6B6FEE8FC16D780" blockId="7.[151,1436,355,452]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D6B6FEE8FEB6D73F" box="[151,273,355,380]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" reason="1">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D6B6FEE8FEADD738" bold="true" box="[151,266,355,380]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Diagnosis</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Scape, pedicel, legs and abdomen reddish-brown; thorax dark brown to black, opaque, densely grey pruinescent; scutum with four matte-black stripes in anterior view; tiny proepisternal setae; wing elongate, light brown; halter and both thoracic spiracles yellow; sternite 8 sclerotized.
</paragraph>
<caption id="5DB37D83FFD5FF93D6B6FA56FABCD00B" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" startId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" targetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFD5FF93D6B6FA56FABCD00B" blockId="7.[151,1436,1501,1616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D6B6FA56FEF2D3B0" bold="true" box="[151,341,1501,1524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">FIGURES 3240.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CECC5688FFD5FF93D77DFA55FDC5D3B7" authority="Bezzi" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityYear="1909" box="[348,610,1501,1523]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucostigma">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D77DFA55FDB9D3B7" box="[348,542,1501,1523]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Empis leucostigma</emphasis>
Bezzi
</taxonomicName>
, holotype ♀.
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D4CEFA56FCAFD3B0" bold="true" box="[751,776,1501,1524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">32</emphasis>
, head, lateral view;
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D5FDFA56FC52D3B0" bold="true" box="[988,1013,1501,1524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">33</emphasis>
, occiput, frontal view;
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D2C9FA56FAA6D3B0" bold="true" box="[1256,1281,1501,1524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">34</emphasis>
, thorax, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D6F6FA70FF57D056" bold="true" box="[215,240,1531,1554]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">35</emphasis>
, left foreleg, posterior view;
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D405FA70FD9AD056" bold="true" box="[548,573,1531,1554]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">36</emphasis>
, left midleg, posterior view;
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D54FFA70FC20D056" bold="true" box="[878,903,1531,1554]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">37</emphasis>
, right hindleg, anterior view;
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D2E0FA70FB7DD056" bold="true" box="[1217,1242,1531,1554]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">38</emphasis>
, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view;
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D755F991FE2AD075" bold="true" box="[372,397,1562,1585]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">39</emphasis>
, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view;
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D517F991FCE8D075" bold="true" box="[822,847,1562,1585]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">40</emphasis>
, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D6B6F9B2FF69D00A" bold="true" box="[151,206,1593,1616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">GF =</emphasis>
genital fork;
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D776F9B2FEC9D014" bold="true" box="[343,366,1593,1616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">St</emphasis>
= sternite;
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D7C1F9B2FE56D00A" bold="true" box="[480,497,1593,1614]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">T</emphasis>
= tergites. Scales: Figures
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D523F9B2FCE6D014" bold="true" box="[770,833,1593,1616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">3537</emphasis>
= 1.0 mm;
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D599F9B2FC50D014" bold="true" box="[952,1015,1593,1616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">3234</emphasis>
= 0.5 mm;
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D24DF9B2FB0BD014" bold="true" box="[1132,1196,1593,1616]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">3840</emphasis>
= 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFD5FF93D6E6F9F0FAF5D19C" blockId="7.[151,1436,1659,2008]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D6E6F9F0FED0D0D0" bold="true" box="[199,375,1659,1684]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Re-description</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="D67793A9FFD5FF93D7A9F9F7FE57D0D0" box="[392,496,1660,1684]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFD5FF93D7DBF9F0FDEED0D0" bold="true" box="[506,585,1659,1684]" pageId="7" pageNumber="70">female</emphasis>
. Body length
<quantity id="CE3480EEFFD5FF93D4D3F9F7FCE9D0D7" box="[754,846,1660,1684]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="5.7">5.7 mm</quantity>
; wing length
<quantity id="CE3480EEFFD5FF93D5CFF9F7FBEDD0D7" box="[1006,1098,1660,1684]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.6" pageId="7" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="6.6">6.6 mm</quantity>
. Dichoptic; frons black, grey pruinescent dorsally, grey-yellow ventrally, visible at certain angles, wider than ocellar tubercle, twice higher than wide, with 7 small, proclinate setae. Ocellar tubercle black, grey pruinescent. Ocellus glassy, yellow; with divergent anterior ocellar setae, 3 small posterior setae. Face bare, slightly higher than wide, slightly divergent towards proboscis, grey pruinescent, except ventrally, on protuberant part, with narrow shiny brown band. Postcranium (
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFD5FF93D715F8BBFE20D10C" box="[308,391,1840,1864]" captionStart="FIGURES 3240" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-332@7.[265,1323,505,1480]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3240. Empis leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 32, head, lateral view; 33, occiput, frontal view; 34, thorax, dorsal view; 35, left foreleg, posterior view; 36, left midleg, posterior view; 37, right hindleg, anterior view; 38, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view; 39, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view; 40, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations: GF = genital fork; St = sternite; T = tergites. Scales: Figures 3537 = 1.0 mm; 3234 = 0.5 mm; 3840 = 0.2 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
) dark brown to black, densely grey pruinescent; with uniserial to biserial postocular row of setae, superior ones longer (
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFD5FF93D7F6F8DFFD8BD128" box="[471,556,1876,1900]" captionStart="FIGURES 3240" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-332@7.[265,1323,505,1480]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3240. Empis leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 32, head, lateral view; 33, occiput, frontal view; 34, thorax, dorsal view; 35, left foreleg, posterior view; 36, left midleg, posterior view; 37, right hindleg, anterior view; 38, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view; 39, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view; 40, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations: GF = genital fork; St = sternite; T = tergites. Scales: Figures 3537 = 1.0 mm; 3234 = 0.5 mm; 3840 = 0.2 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fig. 33</figureCitation>
); occipital setae restricted to dorsal half, misaligned. Gena with slender setae and postgena with shorter setae. Antenna (
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFD5FF93D4AAF8F3FD47D1D4" box="[651,736,1912,1936]" captionStart="FIGURES 3240" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-332@7.[265,1323,505,1480]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3240. Empis leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 32, head, lateral view; 33, occiput, frontal view; 34, thorax, dorsal view; 35, left foreleg, posterior view; 36, left midleg, posterior view; 37, right hindleg, anterior view; 38, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view; 39, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view; 40, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations: GF = genital fork; St = sternite; T = tergites. Scales: Figures 3537 = 1.0 mm; 3234 = 0.5 mm; 3840 = 0.2 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
) with scape and pedicel reddish-brown; postpedicel velvety matte-black, coniform, 1.5X longer than scape and pedicel together, twice as long as stylus. Proboscis (
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFD5FF93D361F817FA34D1F0" box="[1344,1427,1948,1972]" captionStart="FIGURES 3240" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-332@7.[265,1323,505,1480]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3240. Empis leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 32, head, lateral view; 33, occiput, frontal view; 34, thorax, dorsal view; 35, left foreleg, posterior view; 36, left midleg, posterior view; 37, right hindleg, anterior view; 38, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view; 39, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view; 40, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations: GF = genital fork; St = sternite; T = tergites. Scales: Figures 3537 = 1.0 mm; 3234 = 0.5 mm; 3840 = 0.2 mm." pageId="7" pageNumber="70">Fig. 32</figureCitation>
) about 2.5X longer than head; labrum yellow, shiny; labium brown. Palpus brown with distinct slender setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFDAFF9CD6E6FF1CFBD8D7B0" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
Thorax (
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFDAFF9CD708FF1CFED9D6EB" box="[297,382,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURES 3240" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-332@7.[265,1323,505,1480]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3240. Empis leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 32, head, lateral view; 33, occiput, frontal view; 34, thorax, dorsal view; 35, left foreleg, posterior view; 36, left midleg, posterior view; 37, right hindleg, anterior view; 38, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view; 39, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view; 40, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations: GF = genital fork; St = sternite; T = tergites. Scales: Figures 3537 = 1.0 mm; 3234 = 0.5 mm; 3840 = 0.2 mm." pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Fig. 34</figureCitation>
) dark brown to black, densely grey pruinescent. Scutum, in anterior view, with four matteblack stripes; two paramedian stripes, between acrostichal and dorsocentral rows, narrower and extending slightly beyond transverse suture; two lateral stripes between dorsocentral and supra-alar rows, extending from postpronotal lobe to level of postalar callus. Anterior and posterior spiracles yellow. Chaetotaxy: antepronotum with 1 robust and various small apparently biserials; 1 robust, 45 weak postpronotals; 23 proepisternals; roughly 15 small and slender proepimerals; roughly 10 uniserial acrostichals, slightly out of alignment; roughly 10 biserial dorsocentrals, posteriormost seta longest and more robust; 1 presutural intra-alar; 2 small postsutural intra-alars just posterior to transverse suture and 1 posterior; 4 small aligned presutural supra-alar; 4 postsutural supra-alars, posteriormost seta robust; 1 robust and 1 weak postalars; 3 robust posterior and 8 weak anterior notopleurals; 4 scutellars, shorter basal and subapical pairs intermixed with longer; 1517 laterotergitals.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFDAFF9CD6E6FD8BFC24D41B" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
Legs (
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFDAFF9CD72CFE74FE29D453" box="[269,398,511,535]" captionStart="FIGURES 3240" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-332@7.[265,1323,505,1480]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3240. Empis leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 32, head, lateral view; 33, occiput, frontal view; 34, thorax, dorsal view; 35, left foreleg, posterior view; 36, left midleg, posterior view; 37, right hindleg, anterior view; 38, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view; 39, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view; 40, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations: GF = genital fork; St = sternite; T = tergites. Scales: Figures 3537 = 1.0 mm; 3234 = 0.5 mm; 3840 = 0.2 mm." pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Figs 3537</figureCitation>
) reddish-brown, grey pruinescent; all legs with some setae slightly longer than background setae, especially on antero- and posterodorsal rows, and apical antero- and posteroventral setae of tibiae and tarsomeres; hind coxa thicker and shorter than both anterior coxae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFDAFF9CD6E6FDE7FB38D4E3" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
Wing (
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFDAFF9CD737FDE7FECFD4C0" box="[278,360,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURES 7885" captionStartId="15.[151,263,962,985]" captionTargetBox="[306,1281,194,941]" captionTargetId="figure-441@15.[306,1281,193,941]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 7885. Wings. 78, Empis angustipennis Bezzi, lectotype ♀; 79, E. chiragra Bezzi, lectotype ♂; 80, E. induta Bezzi, female holotype; 81, E. leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 82, E. liodes Bezzi, holotype ♀. 83, E. lucidilabris Bezzi, ♀ from Peru; 84, E. penniventris Bezzi, holotype ♀. 85, E. spinifera Bezzi, lectotype ♂. Length of each wing informed along the text." pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Fig. 81</figureCitation>
) elongate, light brown, pterostigma brown, veins dark brown; base of costal vein with robust seta (not represented in figure). Vein R
<subScript id="95482F4EFFDAFF9CD468FD14FDF6D4E9" attach="left" box="[585,593,671,685]" fontSize="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">1</subScript>
bare above, not dilated towards apex. Halter yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFDAFF9CD6E6FD3CFE1ED553" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Abdomen reddish-brown, subshiny, grey pruinescent, with pruinescence restricted to posterior margin of tergites when viewed from posterior angle; tergites with marginal setae slightly shorter than laterals. Sternites concolorous with tergites.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFDAFF9CD6E6FCA9FB01D5C6" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
Terminalia. Tergite 8 shorter than respective sternite (
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFDAFF9CD500FCA9FCD2D57E" box="[801,885,802,826]" captionStart="FIGURES 3240" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-332@7.[265,1323,505,1480]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3240. Empis leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 32, head, lateral view; 33, occiput, frontal view; 34, thorax, dorsal view; 35, left foreleg, posterior view; 36, left midleg, posterior view; 37, right hindleg, anterior view; 38, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view; 39, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view; 40, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations: GF = genital fork; St = sternite; T = tergites. Scales: Figures 3537 = 1.0 mm; 3234 = 0.5 mm; 3840 = 0.2 mm." pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
); sternite slightly acute, sclerotized medially and apically, with small clear central circle (
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFDAFF9CD47BFCCCFD08D51B" box="[602,687,839,863]" captionStart="FIGURES 3240" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-332@7.[265,1323,505,1480]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3240. Empis leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 32, head, lateral view; 33, occiput, frontal view; 34, thorax, dorsal view; 35, left foreleg, posterior view; 36, left midleg, posterior view; 37, right hindleg, anterior view; 38, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view; 39, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view; 40, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations: GF = genital fork; St = sternite; T = tergites. Scales: Figures 3537 = 1.0 mm; 3234 = 0.5 mm; 3840 = 0.2 mm." pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
). Tergite 10 with deep basal sinus (
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFDAFF9CD21FFCCCFB37D51B" box="[1086,1168,839,863]" captionStart="FIGURES 3240" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-332@7.[265,1323,505,1480]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3240. Empis leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 32, head, lateral view; 33, occiput, frontal view; 34, thorax, dorsal view; 35, left foreleg, posterior view; 36, left midleg, posterior view; 37, right hindleg, anterior view; 38, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view; 39, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view; 40, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations: GF = genital fork; St = sternite; T = tergites. Scales: Figures 3537 = 1.0 mm; 3234 = 0.5 mm; 3840 = 0.2 mm." pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
) and respective sternite with shallow basal sinus (
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFDAFF9CD796FCE1FDABD5C6" box="[439,524,874,898]" captionStart="FIGURES 3240" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-332@7.[265,1323,505,1480]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3240. Empis leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 32, head, lateral view; 33, occiput, frontal view; 34, thorax, dorsal view; 35, left foreleg, posterior view; 36, left midleg, posterior view; 37, right hindleg, anterior view; 38, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view; 39, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view; 40, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations: GF = genital fork; St = sternite; T = tergites. Scales: Figures 3537 = 1.0 mm; 3234 = 0.5 mm; 3840 = 0.2 mm." pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
); genital fork with arms U-shaped (
<figureCitation id="91F7318EFFDAFF9CD5B8FCE1FC49D5C6" box="[921,1006,874,898]" captionStart="FIGURES 3240" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[265,1319,514,1474]" captionTargetId="figure-332@7.[265,1323,505,1480]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 3240. Empis leucostigma Bezzi, holotype ♀. 32, head, lateral view; 33, occiput, frontal view; 34, thorax, dorsal view; 35, left foreleg, posterior view; 36, left midleg, posterior view; 37, right hindleg, anterior view; 38, termilalia (cercus broken), lateral view; 39, terminalia dorsal segments, dorsal view; 40, terminalia ventral segments, ventral view. Abbreviations: GF = genital fork; St = sternite; T = tergites. Scales: Figures 3537 = 1.0 mm; 3234 = 0.5 mm; 3840 = 0.2 mm." pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
); cercus broken.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFDAFF9CD6E6FC04FE2FD5E3" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1259]" box="[199,392,911,935]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD6E6FC04FEA3D5E3" bold="true" box="[199,260,911,935]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Male</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFDAFF9CD6E6FC39FDA0D58E" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1259]" box="[199,519,946,971]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD6E6FC39FE62D58E" box="[199,453,946,971]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" reason="1">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD6E6FC39FE18D58F" bold="true" box="[199,447,946,971]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Geographical record</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="71DB6D9BFFDAFF9CD7EDFC38FDA4D58E" box="[460,515,947,970]" name="Peru" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Peru</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41D67E80FFDAFF9CD6E6FC5DFD76D273" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFDAFF9CD6E6FC5DFB1AD5AB" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1259]" box="[199,1213,982,1007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD6E6FC5DFE17D5AA" box="[199,432,982,1007]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" reason="1">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD6E6FC5DFE0ED5AB" bold="true" box="[199,425,982,1007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Material examined</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="B9A42756FFDAFF9CD796FC5DFB1AD5AB" box="[439,1213,982,1007]" collectingDate="1905-04-08" country="Peru" elevation="3950" location="Cuzco" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Cusco" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD796FC5DFDF1D5AB" bold="true" box="[439,598,982,1007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
<typeStatus id="D67793A9FFDAFF9CD796FC5DFDF1D5AB" box="[439,598,982,1007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="1FCAE682FFDAFF9CD47CFC5CFDD5D5AA" box="[605,626,983,1006]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" type="female"></specimenCount>
. “
<collectingCountry id="71DB6D9BFFDAFF9CD4ABFC5CFD71D5AB" box="[650,726,983,1007]" name="Peru" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">PERU</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="CB08E3E9FFDAFF9CD4C3FC5CFC8BD5AB" box="[738,812,983,1007]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Cuzco</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="7D720BCBFFDAFF9CD516FC5CFC08D5AB" box="[823,943,983,1007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" value="1905-04-08">
<collectingDate id="6D36F223FFDAFF9CD516FC5CFC08D5AB" box="[823,943,983,1007]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" value="1905-04-08">08.iv.1905</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<quantity id="CE3480EEFFDAFF9CD59AFC5CFBF0D5AB" box="[955,1111,983,1007]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" unit="m" value="3950.0" valueMax="4200.0" valueMin="3700.0">
<elevation id="82E1CA38FFDAFF9CD59AFC5CFBF0D5AB" box="[955,1111,983,1007]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" unit="m" value="3950.0" valueMax="4200.0" valueMin="3700.0">37004200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
” (SMT).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFDAFF9CD6E6FC70FD76D273" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD6E6FC70FE13D256" box="[199,436,1018,1043]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" reason="1">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD6E6FC70FE09D257" bold="true" box="[199,430,1018,1043]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
<typeStatus id="D67793A9FFDAFF9CD6E6FC70FE93D257" box="[199,308,1019,1043]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
condition
</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Left postpedicel and left hindleg missing. Right wing partially damaged. Left wing in microslides. Terminalia in microvial with glycerin.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="41D67E80FFDAFF9CD6E6FBC9FC42D2AE" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="09732D0BFFDAFF9CD6E6FBC9FC42D2AE" blockId="8.[151,1436,151,1259]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD6E6FBC9FEEBD21E" box="[199,332,1090,1115]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" reason="1">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD6E6FBC9FEE2D21F" bold="true" box="[199,325,1090,1115]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The female specimen of
<taxonomicName id="CECC5688FFDAFF9CD456FBC8FC87D21F" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityYear="1909" box="[631,800,1091,1115]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucostigma">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD456FBC8FC87D21F" box="[631,800,1091,1115]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">E. leucostigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is identified as part of group II in
<bibRefCitation id="6D5D50FAFFDAFF9CD29DFBC9FACED21E" author="Collin, J. E." box="[1212,1385,1090,1114]" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" refId="ref11039" refString="Collin, J. E. (1933) Empididae. Diptera of Patagonia and South Chile. Volume 4, London, British Museum of Natural History, London. Vol. 4, 334 pp., 74 figs." type="book" year="1933">Collins (1933)</bibRefCitation>
key through the same couplets presented above for
<taxonomicName id="CECC5688FFDAFF9CD497FBE3FCD4D23B" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityYear="1909" box="[694,883,1128,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angustipennis">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD497FBE3FCD4D23B" box="[694,883,1128,1151]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">E. angustipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Further in the key it ends in couplet (15) of
<taxonomicName id="CECC5688FFDAFF9CD3A5FBE3FE32D2E6" authority="Bigot, 1857" authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1857" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD3A5FBE3FEA5D2E7" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">E. variabilis</emphasis>
Bigot, 1857
</taxonomicName>
due to “thorax with four contrasting dark stripes”. They are not conspecific because
<taxonomicName id="CECC5688FFDAFF9CD3A5FB00FEB9D283" authorityName="Bezzi" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leucostigma">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD3A5FB00FEB9D283" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">E. leucostigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has three stripes and a reddish-brown abdomen (yellow at apex in
<taxonomicName id="CECC5688FFDAFF9CD23FFB3BFB0DD283" authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1857" box="[1054,1194,1199,1223]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD23FFB3BFB0DD283" box="[1054,1194,1199,1223]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">E. variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), a light brown wing (almost hyaline in
<taxonomicName id="CECC5688FFDAFF9CD749FB58FE55D2AF" authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1857" box="[360,498,1235,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD749FB58FE55D2AF" box="[360,498,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">E. variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and 4 scutellar setae (
<quantity id="CE3480EEFFDAFF9CD4DAFB59FCE4D2AE" box="[763,835,1234,1258]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" metricValueMax="2.032" metricValueMin="1.524" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" unit="in" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">68 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="CECC5688FFDAFF9CD56BFB58FC73D2AF" authorityName="Bigot" authorityYear="1857" box="[842,980,1235,1259]" class="Insecta" family="Empididae" genus="Empis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="variabilis">
<emphasis id="3BB8F119FFDAFF9CD56BFB58FC73D2AF" box="[842,980,1235,1259]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="71">E. variabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>