treatments-xml/data/80/45/87/80458782FFE5A217A393ABF250B7FAD7.xml

<document id="8898AA39D3C6B48C2FCFEF244D34F017" ID-ISSN="11755334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629629186718" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ingrisch, Sigfrid" docDate="2009" docId="80458782FFE5A217A393ABF250B7FAD7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02185p122.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2185" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pseudonicsara (Wasiorana) alces Ingrisch 2009, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="7C7CFFFAFFDAA257A304AF55552BFFC4" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Pseudonicsara Karny, 1912 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini) 2185" masterLastPageNumber="122" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1699086653631" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="D19B38308F9650C6E297A5200AE1D53D">Revision of the genus Pseudonicsara Karny, 1912 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini) 2185</mods:title>
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<treatment id="80458782FFE5A217A393ABF250B7FAD7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5319880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5319880" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:80458782FFE5A217A393ABF250B7FAD7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/80458782FFE5A217A393ABF250B7FAD7" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
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<paragraph id="08533694FFE5A268A393ABF25759FB05" blockId="63.[151,1350,1191,1252]" box="[151,626,1191,1217]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<heading id="531B81F8FFE5A268A393ABF25759FB05" bold="true" box="[151,626,1191,1217]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" reason="1">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFE5A268A393ABF25759FB05" bold="true" box="[151,626,1191,1217]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName id="CFEC4D17FFE5A268A393ABF25703FB05" ID-CoL="4P563" authority="Ingrisch, 2009" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,552,1191,1217]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Pseudonicsara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alces" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Wasiorana">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFE5A268A393ABF25703FB05" bold="true" box="[151,552,1191,1217]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Pseudonicsara (Wasiorana) alces</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="08533694FFE5A268A393AB9F506DFB20" blockId="63.[151,1350,1191,1252]" box="[151,1350,1226,1252]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A393AB9F55C3FB20" box="[151,232,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="70.[151,269,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,195,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-51@70.[154,1433,194,1865]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Male habitus dorsal view of Cercana and Wasiorana species: 5, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 6, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 7, P. (W.) raffrayi syntype one; 8, P. (W.) alces holotype; scales = 10 mm." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A3F1AB9F543FFB20" box="[245,276,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–18" captionStartId="72.[151,269,1929,1953]" captionTargetBox="[164,1433,197,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-58@72.[154,1433,194,1905]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 14–18. Female habitus lateral view of Pseudonicsara species: 14, P. pallidifrons (type of P. aeruginifrons); 15, P. excisa paratype; 16, P. semicruciata (syntype of A. ornata); 17, P.(C.)furcata; 18, P. (W.) alces paratype; scales = 10 mm." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">18</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A225AB9F546AFB20" box="[289,321,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–28" captionStartId="74.[151,269,1664,1688]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,214,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-61@74.[154,1433,194,1640]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 25–28. Face of Pseudonicsara species showing different shapes and colour patterns: 25, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 26, P. (W.) alces holotype; 27, P.nomoholotype; 28, P. (C.) digitata paratype; arrows points at the single dorsal angle of the fore tibia; scales = 1 mm." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">26</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A249AB9F5447FB20" box="[333,364,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–39" captionStartId="75.[151,269,1765,1789]" captionTargetBox="[202,1392,187,1743]" captionTargetId="figure-145@75.[202,1392,184,1743]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 29–39. Head in dorsal view (29), face (30–32), and fastigium verticis in lateral view (33–39) of Pseudonicsara species: 29, P. buergersi male paratype; 30, P. (C.) halmahera female holotype; 31, P. (C.) taliabu female holotype; 32, P. (W.) raffrayi male syntype one; 33, P. pallidifrons female from Mt. Oertzen; 34, P. semicruciata male leg. Fruhstorfer; 35, P. apingan male holotype; 36, P. zugi female paratype; 37, P. (W.) alces male holotype; 38, P. abbreviata male holotype; 39, P. (C.) taliabu female holotype; scales = 1 mm. Abbreviations: as antennal scrobae; cfs clypeo-frontal suture; e compound eyes; ff fastigium frontis; fl flagellum; fv fastigium verticis; lo lateral ocellus; mo median ocellus; pe pedicellus; sc scapus. Measurements: el eye length; fve fastigium verticis in front of eyes; fvb fastigium verticis from base." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">37</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A27DAB9F54EEFB20" box="[377,453,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 40–47" captionStartId="76.[151,269,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1868]" captionTargetId="figure-82@76.[155,1432,194,1868]" captionTargetPageId="76" captionText="FIGURES 40–47. Head and pronotum of Pseudonicsara males (40–43) and females (44–47): 40, P. buergersi paratype; 41, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 42, P. (W.) alces holotype; 43, P. (W.) raffrayi syntype one; 44, P. pallidifrons from Wanuma; 45, P. (C.) taliabu holotype; 46, P. (W.) alces paratype; 47, P. (C.) stridulans paratype. Abbreviations: 1 first transverse sulcus; 2 second transverse sulcus; as auditory swelling; au auditory spiracle." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">42, 46</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A2D5AB9F54DAFB20" box="[465,497,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–85" captionStartId="81.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[174,1411,195,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-71@81.[174,1412,194,1866]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 79–85. Stridulatory files on underside of left male tegmen (79–84) and dorsal field of male right tegmen behind stridulatory area (85) of Pseudonicsara species: 79, P. (W.) alces holotype; 80, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 81, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 82, P. (C.) siwi holotype; 83, P. (C.) bomberi holotype; 84, P. forceps holotype; 85, P. apicata holotype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">79</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A2F9AB9F5707FB20" box="[509,556,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 109–126" captionStartId="84.[151,269,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,183,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-127@84.[155,1432,182,1810]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 109–126. Male abdominal apex in dorsal view of Pseudonicsara species: 109, P. undulata holotype; 110, P. semicruciata (syntype of A. ornata); 111, P. dilatata holotype; 112, P. spinicercus syntype; 113, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 114, P. (C.) bomberi holotype; 115, P. cervus holotype; 116, P. (C.) nana paratype; 117, P. uncinata paratype; 118, P. concha holotype; 119, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 120, P. (C.) nana holotype; 121, P. bitriangulata holotype; 122, P. (C.) digitata holotype; 123, P.(C.)humholotype; 124, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 125, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 126, P. (W.) alces holotype; Abbreviations: e epiproct; the arrow points at the excision of the tenth abdominal tergite." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">126</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A133AB9F574DFB20" box="[567,614,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–165" captionStartId="86.[151,269,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[193,1400,195,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-136@86.[193,1400,194,1774]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURES 149–165. Male abdominal apex and male cerci in apical view of Pseudonicsara species: 149, P. spinicercus syntype; 150, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 151, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 152, P. uncinata paratype; 153, P. excisa holotype; 154, P. concha holotype; 155, P. dilatata holotype; 156, P. cervus holotype; 157, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 158–159, P. (C.) digitata holotype; 160, P. (C.) nana holotype; 161, P. (C.) siwi holotype; 162–163, P. (C.) furcata (162, holotype; 163, paratype); 164, P. (W.) alces holotype (smaller scale); 165, P. (C.) hum holotype; Abbreviations: 10t tenth abdominal tergite; ap apical processes of cercus; ce cercus; e epiproct; pp process of paraproct; sg subgenital plate; st stylus; ti titillators, extruded [removed from some of the preparations photographed]." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">164</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A176AB9F578BFB20" box="[626,672,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–202" captionStartId="89.[151,269,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-84@89.[155,1432,194,1868]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 191–202. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in dorsal view (191–199) and lateral view (external side 200– 201; internal side 202): 191, P. uncinata paratype; 192, P. concha holotype; 193, P. cervus holotype; 194, P. dilatata holotype; 195, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 196, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 197, P. (C.) digitata paratype; 198, P. (C.) nana paratype; 199, P. (W.) alces holotype; 200, P. crassicercus lectotype; 201–202, P. (C.) sinuata holotype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">199</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A1A9AB9F57F0FB20" box="[685,731,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 217–227" captionStartId="91.[151,269,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,195,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-100@91.[169,1422,194,1846]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 217–227. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in lateral view (217–218, oblique view of abdominal apex; 219, 221–222, 225, 227, external side; 220, 223–224, 226, internal side): 217, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 218, P. (W.) alces holotype; 219–220, P. (C.) digitata (219, paratype; 220, holotype); 221, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 222–223, P. (C.) nana (222, paratype; 223, holotype); 224, P. uncinata holotype; 225–226, P. cervus holotype; 227, P. (C.) hum holotype; upper scale for 217–218; lower scale for 219–227. Abbreviation: att downcurved lobe of tenth abdominal tergite." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">218</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A1E3AB9F563DFB20" box="[743,790,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 245–258" captionStartId="93.[151,269,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,195,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-91@93.[167,1420,194,1836]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURES 245–258. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in ventral view (245–252, 256–257), external view (253), and internal view (254–255, 258): 245, P. dilatata holotype; 246, P. uncinata paratype; 247, P. concha holotype; 248, P. cervus holotype; 249, P. (C.) digitata paratype; 250, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 251, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 252, P. (W.) alces holotype; 253–254, P. (C.) nana holotype; 255, P. (C.) siwiholotype; 256, P. (W.)raffrayi syntype one; 257– 258, P. (C.) hum holotype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">252</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A026AB9F567AFB20" box="[802,849,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 259–297" captionStartId="94.[151,269,1664,1688]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,155,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-207@94.[221,1373,154,1652]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 259–297. Male subgenital plate in ventral view (259–296) and apex of abdomen in dorsal view (297) of Pseudonicsara species: 259, P. pallidifrons lectotype; 260, P. undulata holotype; 261, P. stylata holotype; 262, P. nomo holotype; 263, P. apicata holotype; 264, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 265, P. abbreviata paratype; 266, P. spatula holotype; 267, P. finister holotype; 268–269, P. semicruciata (268, syntype of A. ornata; 269, holotype); 270, P. crassicercus lectotype; 271, P. uncinata paratype; 272, P. karimui holotype; 273, P. bitriangulata holotype; 274, P. spinicercus syntype; 275, P. concha holotype; 276, P. cervus holotype; 277, P. buergersi holotype; 278, P. excisa holotype; 279, P. apingan holotype; 280, P. dilatata holotype; 281, P. semicruciata leg. Fruhstorfer; 282, P. zugi paratype; 283, P. clavus holotype; 284, P. forceps paratype; 285, P. pugio holotype; 286, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 287, P. clavus carinata holotype; 288, P. (C.) siwi holotype; 289, P. (W.) alces holotype; 290, P. (C.) stridulans paratype; 291, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 292, P.(C.)digitataholotype; 293, P. (C.) nana paratype; 294, P. (C.) bomberi holotype; 295, hum; 296, P.(W.) raffrayi syntype one; 297, P. (C.) leopoldi after Willemse (1933)." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">289</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A058AB9F56A1FB20" box="[860,906,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 325–335" captionStartId="98.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,198,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-74@98.[155,1432,194,1866]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURES 325–335. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in ventro-apical view, overview: 325, P. apingan holotype; 326, P. cervus holotype; 327, P. excisa holotype; 328, P. dilatata holotype; 329, P. forceps paratype; 330, P. abbreviata holotype; 331, P. (W.) alces holotype; 332, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 333, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 334, P. (C.) siwi holotype; 335, P. (C.) digitata holotype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">331</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A093AB9F56EEFB20" box="[919,965,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 380–386" captionStartId="104.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-52@104.[155,1432,194,1866]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURES 380–386. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in ventro-apical view showing details of apical parts: 380–381, P. (C.) digitata (380, paratype; 381–382, holotype); 383–384, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 385, P. (W.) alces holotype; 386, P. (C.) furcata holotype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">385</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A0D6AB9F512AFB20" box="[978,1025,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 410–420" captionStartId="108.[151,269,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[167,1423,197,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-94@108.[166,1424,194,1840]" captionTargetPageId="108" captionText="FIGURES 410–420. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in dorso-proximal view: 410, P. (C.) apingan holotype; 411, P. cervus holotype; 412, P. excisa holotype; 413, P. dilatata holotype; 414, P. forceps holotype; 415, P. abbreviata paratype; 416, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 417, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 418, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 419, P. (C.) digitata holotype; 420, P. (W.) alces holotype; Abbreviations: als apico-lateral sclerite; bls baso-lateral sclerite; bt basal part of titillator; te testes (one flipped up in preparation)." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">420</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A708AB9F5110FB20" box="[1036,1083,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 460–474" captionStartId="112.[151,269,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,195,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-95@112.[154,1433,194,1674]" captionTargetPageId="112" captionText="FIGURES 460–474. Female subgenital plate of Pseudonicsara species in ventral view: 460, P. (C.) nana paratype; 461, P. (C.) wanigela holotype; 462, P. (W.) alces paratype; 463, P. (C.) taliabu holotype; 464, P. (C.) dodinga holotype; 465, P. (W.) curvata holotype; 466, P. (C.) stridulans paratype; 467, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 468, P. (C.) halmahera holotype; 469–470, P. bitriangulata paratype (two different females); 471, P. cervus paratype; 472, P. (C.) siwi paratype; 473, P. spinicercus; 474, P. forceps paratype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">462</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A743AB9F519BFB20" box="[1095,1200,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 526–540" captionStartId="116.[151,269,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[185,1398,194,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-114@116.[185,1399,194,1806]" captionTargetPageId="116" captionText="FIGURES 526–540. Female subgenital plate of Pseudonicsara species in apical view (526–536) and lateral view (537– 540): 526, P. (C.) siwi paratype; 527, P. (C.) wanigela holotype; 528, P. (C.) dodinga holotype; 529, P. (C.) taliabu holotype; 530, P. (C.) nana paratype; 531, P. (W.) alces paratype; 532, P. (C.) stridulans paratype; 533, P. clavus paratype; 534, P. (W.) curvata holotype; 535, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 536, P. (C.) halmahera holotype; 537, P. (C.) spinibranchis paratype; 538, P. pugio paratype; 539, P. (W.) alces paratype; 540, P. (W.) curvata holotype; Abbreviation: og oval groove of ventral ovipositor valve." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">531, 539</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A7B8AB9F51C1FB20" box="[1212,1258,1226,1252]" captionStart="FIGURES 541–548" captionStartId="117.[151,269,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-79@117.[155,1432,194,1658]" captionTargetPageId="117" captionText="FIGURES 541–548. Female ovipositor of Pseudonicsara species: 541, P. pallidifrons paralectotype; 542, P. april holotype; 543, P. (C.) spinibranchis paratype; 544, P. excisa paratype; 545, P. (W.) alces holotype; 546, P. (C.) siwi paratype; 547, P. (C.) taliabu holotype; 548, P. (C.) halmahera holotype. Abbreviations: ce cercus; dv dorsal ovipositor valve; sg subgenital plate; tt tenth abdominal tergite; vv ventral ovipositor valve. Scales = 5 mm." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">545</figureCitation>
, map 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FFE5A268A393AA4D519BFA9C" blockId="63.[151,1436,1304,2026]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<materialsCitation id="B8843CC9FFE5A268A393AA4D519BFA9C" collectingDate="1928-07-18" collectingDateMax="1928-07-25" collectingDateMin="1928-07-18" collectionCode="ZMB" collectorName="E. Mayr &amp; Museum &amp; Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat" country="Indonesia" latitude="-2.7166667" location="Wasior" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="134.5" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Berlin" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="D7578836FFE5A268A393AA4D542FFAF6" box="[151,260,1304,1330]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(male):
<collectingCountry id="70FB7604FFE5A268A26EAA4D54F5FAF6" box="[362,478,1304,1330]" name="Indonesia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
, Papua:
<location id="0D33604FFFE5A268A141AA4D57BCFAF6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:80458782FFE5A217A393ABF250B7FAD7:0D33604FFFE5A268A141AA4D57BCFAF6" box="[581,663,1304,1330]" country="Indonesia" latitude="-2.7166667" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="134.5" name="Wasior" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Berlin">Wasior</location>
(Wandammen) [
<geoCoordinate id="6DD85053FFE5A268A05BAA4D56EAFAF6" box="[863,961,1304,1330]" degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="925" value="-2.7166667">2° 43' S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6DD85053FFE5A268A0D4AA4D5179FAF6" box="[976,1106,1304,1330]" degrees="134" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" precision="925" value="134.5">134° 30' E</geoCoordinate>
],
<date id="7C521054FFE5A268A76CAA4D500CFAF6" box="[1128,1319,1304,1330]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1928-07-18" valueMax="1928-07-25" valueMin="1928-07-18">
<collectingDate id="6C16E9BCFFE5A268A76CAA4D500CFAF6" box="[1128,1319,1304,1330]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" value="1928-07-18" valueMax="1928-07-25" valueMin="1928-07-18">18–25.VII.1928</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="A5195342FFE5A268A630AA4D50B3FAF6" box="[1332,1432,1304,1330]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">E. Mayr</collectorName>
, depository:
<collectorName id="A5195342FFE5A268A226AA6B54A2FA9C" box="[290,393,1342,1368]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Museum</collectorName>
für
<collectorName id="A5195342FFE5A268A2BDAA6B5656FA9C" box="[441,893,1342,1368]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universität</collectorName>
,
<collectingRegion id="CA28F876FFE5A268A08DAA6B56FEFA9C" box="[905,981,1342,1368]" country="Germany" name="Berlin" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Berlin</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="70FB7604FFE5A268A0E5AA6B5165FA9C" box="[993,1102,1342,1368]" name="Germany" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Germany</collectingCountry>
(
<collectionCode id="6EFDAE51FFE5A268A75AAA6B5188FA9C" box="[1118,1187,1342,1368]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">ZMB</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FFE5A268A3C2AA30563FFABB" blockId="63.[151,1436,1304,2026]" box="[198,788,1381,1407]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<materialsCitation id="B8843CC9FFE5A268A3C2AA30563AFABB" box="[198,785,1381,1407]" collectingDate="1928-07-18" collectingDateMax="1928-07-25" collectingDateMin="1928-07-18" collectionCode="ZMB" collectorName="E. Mayr &amp; Museum &amp; Naturkunde der Humboldt-Universitat" country="Indonesia" latitude="-2.7166667" location="Wasior" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="134.5" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Berlin" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="D7578836FFE5A268A3C2AA30541AFABB" box="[198,305,1381,1407]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="1EEAFD1DFFE5A268A238AA30548EFABB" box="[316,421,1381,1407]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
, same data as holotype (
<collectionCode id="6EFDAE51FFE5A268A1C7AA305623FABB" box="[707,776,1381,1407]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/8syf-d21i" name="Museum für Naturkunde Berlin (Zoological Collections)" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="Museum">ZMB</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40F6651FFFE5A268A3C2AADE510DF8EC" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="08533694FFE5A268A3C2AADE510DF8EC" blockId="63.[151,1436,1304,2026]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFE5A268A3C2AADE546DFA61" bold="true" box="[198,326,1419,1445]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="CFEC4D17FFE5A268A254AAD95487FA61" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2009" box="[336,428,1420,1445]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Pseudonicsara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alces">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFE5A268A254AAD95487FA61" box="[336,428,1420,1445]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">P. alces</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from all other species of the genus by the characteristic shapes of the male cerci, the titillators, and the female subgenital plate. The apical process of the male cercus is strongly curved inwards (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A200AA8C545EFA37" box="[260,373,1497,1523]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–202" captionStartId="89.[151,269,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-84@89.[155,1432,194,1868]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 191–202. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in dorsal view (191–199) and lateral view (external side 200– 201; internal side 202): 191, P. uncinata paratype; 192, P. concha holotype; 193, P. cervus holotype; 194, P. dilatata holotype; 195, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 196, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 197, P. (C.) digitata paratype; 198, P. (C.) nana paratype; 199, P. (W.) alces holotype; 200, P. crassicercus lectotype; 201–202, P. (C.) sinuata holotype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Figs. 199</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A286AA8C5499FA37" box="[386,434,1497,1523]" captionStart="FIGURES 245–258" captionStartId="93.[151,269,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,195,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-91@93.[167,1420,194,1836]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURES 245–258. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in ventral view (245–252, 256–257), external view (253), and internal view (254–255, 258): 245, P. dilatata holotype; 246, P. uncinata paratype; 247, P. concha holotype; 248, P. cervus holotype; 249, P. (C.) digitata paratype; 250, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 251, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 252, P. (W.) alces holotype; 253–254, P. (C.) nana holotype; 255, P. (C.) siwiholotype; 256, P. (W.)raffrayi syntype one; 257– 258, P. (C.) hum holotype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">252</figureCitation>
), broad, compressed, obtuse, has the internal surface concave and is divided into two branches, the main branch at apex with two spines, the ventral branch band-shaped with one ventral and two acute apical teeth (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A27EA97354CFF984" box="[378,484,1574,1600]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–202" captionStartId="89.[151,269,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-84@89.[155,1432,194,1868]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 191–202. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in dorsal view (191–199) and lateral view (external side 200– 201; internal side 202): 191, P. uncinata paratype; 192, P. concha holotype; 193, P. cervus holotype; 194, P. dilatata holotype; 195, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 196, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 197, P. (C.) digitata paratype; 198, P. (C.) nana paratype; 199, P. (W.) alces holotype; 200, P. crassicercus lectotype; 201–202, P. (C.) sinuata holotype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 199</figureCitation>
); the dorsal baso-internal processes of the cercus is short obtuse, the ventral is long, compressed and expanded in basal half, digitiform in apical half (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A700A9185144F9A3" box="[1028,1135,1613,1639]" captionStart="FIGURES 245–258" captionStartId="93.[151,269,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,195,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-91@93.[167,1420,194,1836]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURES 245–258. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in ventral view (245–252, 256–257), external view (253), and internal view (254–255, 258): 245, P. dilatata holotype; 246, P. uncinata paratype; 247, P. concha holotype; 248, P. cervus holotype; 249, P. (C.) digitata paratype; 250, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 251, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 252, P. (W.) alces holotype; 253–254, P. (C.) nana holotype; 255, P. (C.) siwiholotype; 256, P. (W.)raffrayi syntype one; 257– 258, P. (C.) hum holotype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 252</figureCitation>
). The apical parts of the titillators are broad with concave ventral and strongly convex dorsal surface; the margin is regular and at caudal angle spinulose (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A2ABA9CE5734F971" box="[431,543,1691,1717]" captionStart="FIGURES 325–335" captionStartId="98.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,198,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-74@98.[155,1432,194,1866]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURES 325–335. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in ventro-apical view, overview: 325, P. apingan holotype; 326, P. cervus holotype; 327, P. excisa holotype; 328, P. dilatata holotype; 329, P. forceps paratype; 330, P. abbreviata holotype; 331, P. (W.) alces holotype; 332, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 333, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 334, P. (C.) siwi holotype; 335, P. (C.) digitata holotype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Figs. 331</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A12FA9CE5770F971" box="[555,603,1691,1717]" captionStart="FIGURES 380–386" captionStartId="104.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-52@104.[155,1432,194,1866]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURES 380–386. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in ventro-apical view showing details of apical parts: 380–381, P. (C.) digitata (380, paratype; 381–382, holotype); 383–384, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 385, P. (W.) alces holotype; 386, P. (C.) furcata holotype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">385</figureCitation>
). From both other species of the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="CFEC4D17FFE5A268A748A9CE51E1F970" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2009" box="[1100,1226,1691,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Pseudonicsara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Wasiorana">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFE5A268A748A9CE51E1F970" box="[1100,1226,1691,1716]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Wasiorana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="CFEC4D17FFE5A268A7DCA9CE5066F970" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2009" box="[1240,1357,1691,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Pseudonicsara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvata">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFE5A268A7DCA9CE5066F970" box="[1240,1357,1691,1716]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">P.curvata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="CFEC4D17FFE5A268A682A9CE55DAF91E" authorityName="Brongniart" authorityYear="1897" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Salomona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="raffrayi">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFE5A268A682A9CE55DAF91E" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">P. raffrayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it also differs by the prosternal spines being longer than half the length of the fore coxa. The female is characterised by the shape of the subgenital plate having basal grooves much longer than half the length of the subgenital plate, a median carina, and triangular apical lobes (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A068A85B56F6F8EC" box="[876,989,1806,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 460–474" captionStartId="112.[151,269,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,195,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-95@112.[154,1433,194,1674]" captionTargetPageId="112" captionText="FIGURES 460–474. Female subgenital plate of Pseudonicsara species in ventral view: 460, P. (C.) nana paratype; 461, P. (C.) wanigela holotype; 462, P. (W.) alces paratype; 463, P. (C.) taliabu holotype; 464, P. (C.) dodinga holotype; 465, P. (W.) curvata holotype; 466, P. (C.) stridulans paratype; 467, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 468, P. (C.) halmahera holotype; 469–470, P. bitriangulata paratype (two different females); 471, P. cervus paratype; 472, P. (C.) siwi paratype; 473, P. spinicercus; 474, P. forceps paratype." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Figs. 462</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A0EDA85B5131F8EC" box="[1001,1050,1806,1832]" captionStart="FIGURES 526–540" captionStartId="116.[151,269,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[185,1398,194,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-114@116.[185,1399,194,1806]" captionTargetPageId="116" captionText="FIGURES 526–540. Female subgenital plate of Pseudonicsara species in apical view (526–536) and lateral view (537– 540): 526, P. (C.) siwi paratype; 527, P. (C.) wanigela holotype; 528, P. (C.) dodinga holotype; 529, P. (C.) taliabu holotype; 530, P. (C.) nana paratype; 531, P. (W.) alces paratype; 532, P. (C.) stridulans paratype; 533, P. clavus paratype; 534, P. (W.) curvata holotype; 535, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 536, P. (C.) halmahera holotype; 537, P. (C.) spinibranchis paratype; 538, P. pugio paratype; 539, P. (W.) alces paratype; 540, P. (W.) curvata holotype; Abbreviation: og oval groove of ventral ovipositor valve." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">539</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40F6651FFFE5A217A3C2A8605131FB29" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph id="08533694FFE5A217A3C2A86057E6FEE2" blockId="63.[151,1436,1304,2026]" lastBlockId="64.[151,1436,152,1299]" lastPageId="64" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFE5A268A3C2A8605475F88B" bold="true" box="[198,350,1845,1871]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Description.</emphasis>
Fastigium verticis in front of eyes
<quantity id="CF149B71FFE5A268A00CA860564CF88B" box="[776,871,1845,1871]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
, from base
<quantity id="CF149B71FFE5A268A0F1A860517FF88B" box="[1013,1108,1845,1871]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
; dorsal eye length
<quantity id="CF149B71FFE5A268A63CA86050BCF88B" box="[1336,1431,1845,1871]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
; greatest diameter of eye
<quantity id="CF149B71FFE5A268A2B9A8095737F8B2" box="[445,540,1884,1910]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
; index fastigium verticis from base: eye length 0.8 (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A792A80951C4F8B2" box="[1174,1263,1884,1910]" captionStart="FIGURES 29–39" captionStartId="75.[151,269,1765,1789]" captionTargetBox="[202,1392,187,1743]" captionTargetId="figure-145@75.[202,1392,184,1743]" captionTargetPageId="75" captionText="FIGURES 29–39. Head in dorsal view (29), face (30–32), and fastigium verticis in lateral view (33–39) of Pseudonicsara species: 29, P. buergersi male paratype; 30, P. (C.) halmahera female holotype; 31, P. (C.) taliabu female holotype; 32, P. (W.) raffrayi male syntype one; 33, P. pallidifrons female from Mt. Oertzen; 34, P. semicruciata male leg. Fruhstorfer; 35, P. apingan male holotype; 36, P. zugi female paratype; 37, P. (W.) alces male holotype; 38, P. abbreviata male holotype; 39, P. (C.) taliabu female holotype; scales = 1 mm. Abbreviations: as antennal scrobae; cfs clypeo-frontal suture; e compound eyes; ff fastigium frontis; fl flagellum; fv fastigium verticis; lo lateral ocellus; mo median ocellus; pe pedicellus; sc scapus. Measurements: el eye length; fve fastigium verticis in front of eyes; fvb fastigium verticis from base." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
). Face rugose; with a facial carina above lateral angles of clypeus (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A1F8A8D6567EF859" box="[764,853,1923,1949]" captionStart="FIGURES 25–28" captionStartId="74.[151,269,1664,1688]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,214,1640]" captionTargetId="figure-61@74.[154,1433,194,1640]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 25–28. Face of Pseudonicsara species showing different shapes and colour patterns: 25, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 26, P. (W.) alces holotype; 27, P.nomoholotype; 28, P. (C.) digitata paratype; arrows points at the single dorsal angle of the fore tibia; scales = 1 mm." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
). Tegmen distinctly surpassing hind knees; costal field widened in about basal two thirds, narrow in apical third; between radius and cubitus with parallel and almost evenly spaced transverse veinlets (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A186A88557FFF82E" box="[642,724,2000,2026]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="70.[151,269,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,195,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-51@70.[154,1433,194,1865]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Male habitus dorsal view of Cercana and Wasiorana species: 5, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 6, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 7, P. (W.) raffrayi syntype one; 8, P. (W.) alces holotype; scales = 10 mm." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Figs. 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFE5A268A1E5A885562AF82E" box="[737,769,2000,2026]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–18" captionStartId="72.[151,269,1929,1953]" captionTargetBox="[164,1433,197,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-58@72.[154,1433,194,1905]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 14–18. Female habitus lateral view of Pseudonicsara species: 14, P. pallidifrons (type of P. aeruginifrons); 15, P. excisa paratype; 16, P. semicruciata (syntype of A. ornata); 17, P.(C.)furcata; 18, P. (W.) alces paratype; scales = 10 mm." pageId="63" pageNumber="64">18</figureCitation>
). Prosternal spines longer than half the length of the fore coxa, rather thin. Femora with the following number of spines on ventral margins: fore femur 6–9 external, 6 internal; mid femur 6–7 external, 3–4 internal near base; hind femur 10–17 external, 8–11 minute internal in basal area and
<quantity id="CF149B71FF9AA217A24FAFB054BCFF3B" box="[331,407,229,255]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="in" value="0.5" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.0">0–1 in</quantity>
apical area. Knee lobes of hind femur bi-spinose on external, uni-spinose on internal side (male) or bi-spinose on both sides (female).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FF9AA217A3C2AE67569EFD32" blockId="64.[151,1436,152,1299]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
Male (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A210AE675477FE88" box="[276,348,306,332]" captionStart="FIGURES 5–8" captionStartId="70.[151,269,1889,1913]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,195,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-51@70.[154,1433,194,1865]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURES 5–8. Male habitus dorsal view of Cercana and Wasiorana species: 5, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 6, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 7, P. (W.) raffrayi syntype one; 8, P. (W.) alces holotype; scales = 10 mm." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Stridulatory file slightly sinuate,
<quantity id="CF149B71FF9AA217A1FAAE675672FE88" box="[766,857,306,332]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="2.8">2.8 mm</quantity>
long; teeth at very base rather widely spaced, at apex very dense and indistinct; with 98 teeth or 35.5 teeth per mm, in middle of file with 27.6 teeth per mm (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A39BAED555D0FE5E" box="[159,251,384,410]" captionStart="FIGURES 79–85" captionStartId="81.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[174,1411,195,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-71@81.[174,1412,194,1866]" captionTargetPageId="81" captionText="FIGURES 79–85. Stridulatory files on underside of left male tegmen (79–84) and dorsal field of male right tegmen behind stridulatory area (85) of Pseudonicsara species: 79, P. (W.) alces holotype; 80, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 81, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 82, P. (C.) siwi holotype; 83, P. (C.) bomberi holotype; 84, P. forceps holotype; 85, P. apicata holotype." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 79</figureCitation>
). Mirror narrowing posteriorly; fore margin straight; hind margin oblique;
<quantity id="CF149B71FF9AA217A78BAED551C7FE5E" box="[1167,1260,384,410]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="CF149B71FF9AA217A63AAED550B7FE5E" box="[1342,1436,384,410]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
wide; index length:width 1.1. Tenth abdominal tergite transverse but slightly globular in middle; apical margin roundly excised in middle and roundly projecting on both sides of excision; central and apical area setose (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A3EBAEA1547DFDCA" box="[239,342,500,526]" captionStart="FIGURES 109–126" captionStartId="84.[151,269,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,183,1807]" captionTargetId="figure-127@84.[155,1432,182,1810]" captionTargetPageId="84" captionText="FIGURES 109–126. Male abdominal apex in dorsal view of Pseudonicsara species: 109, P. undulata holotype; 110, P. semicruciata (syntype of A. ornata); 111, P. dilatata holotype; 112, P. spinicercus syntype; 113, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 114, P. (C.) bomberi holotype; 115, P. cervus holotype; 116, P. (C.) nana paratype; 117, P. uncinata paratype; 118, P. concha holotype; 119, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 120, P. (C.) nana holotype; 121, P. bitriangulata holotype; 122, P. (C.) digitata holotype; 123, P.(C.)humholotype; 124, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 125, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 126, P. (W.) alces holotype; Abbreviations: e epiproct; the arrow points at the excision of the tenth abdominal tergite." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 126</figureCitation>
). Epiproct rounded; rather flat but somewhat curved in specimen at hand with a faint median sulcus in basal half (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A28BAD4F54DCFDF0" box="[399,503,538,564]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–165" captionStartId="86.[151,269,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[193,1400,195,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-136@86.[193,1400,194,1774]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURES 149–165. Male abdominal apex and male cerci in apical view of Pseudonicsara species: 149, P. spinicercus syntype; 150, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 151, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 152, P. uncinata paratype; 153, P. excisa holotype; 154, P. concha holotype; 155, P. dilatata holotype; 156, P. cervus holotype; 157, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 158–159, P. (C.) digitata holotype; 160, P. (C.) nana holotype; 161, P. (C.) siwi holotype; 162–163, P. (C.) furcata (162, holotype; 163, paratype); 164, P. (W.) alces holotype (smaller scale); 165, P. (C.) hum holotype; Abbreviations: 10t tenth abdominal tergite; ap apical processes of cercus; ce cercus; e epiproct; pp process of paraproct; sg subgenital plate; st stylus; ti titillators, extruded [removed from some of the preparations photographed]." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 164</figureCitation>
). Projection of paraproct large and wide, rounded (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A758AD4F51EEFDF0" box="[1116,1221,538,564]" captionStart="FIGURES 149–165" captionStartId="86.[151,269,1797,1821]" captionTargetBox="[193,1400,195,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-136@86.[193,1400,194,1774]" captionTargetPageId="86" captionText="FIGURES 149–165. Male abdominal apex and male cerci in apical view of Pseudonicsara species: 149, P. spinicercus syntype; 150, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 151, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 152, P. uncinata paratype; 153, P. excisa holotype; 154, P. concha holotype; 155, P. dilatata holotype; 156, P. cervus holotype; 157, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 158–159, P. (C.) digitata holotype; 160, P. (C.) nana holotype; 161, P. (C.) siwi holotype; 162–163, P. (C.) furcata (162, holotype; 163, paratype); 164, P. (W.) alces holotype (smaller scale); 165, P. (C.) hum holotype; Abbreviations: 10t tenth abdominal tergite; ap apical processes of cercus; ce cercus; e epiproct; pp process of paraproct; sg subgenital plate; st stylus; ti titillators, extruded [removed from some of the preparations photographed]." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 164</figureCitation>
). Cerci very short with internal surface concave and modified: behind base with a short obtuse dorsal and a long, compressed, twisted and in apical half narrow process (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A181AD3D57C7FD46" box="[645,748,616,642]" captionStart="FIGURES 217–227" captionStartId="91.[151,269,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[169,1421,195,1841]" captionTargetId="figure-100@91.[169,1422,194,1846]" captionTargetPageId="91" captionText="FIGURES 217–227. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in lateral view (217–218, oblique view of abdominal apex; 219, 221–222, 225, 227, external side; 220, 223–224, 226, internal side): 217, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 218, P. (W.) alces holotype; 219–220, P. (C.) digitata (219, paratype; 220, holotype); 221, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 222–223, P. (C.) nana (222, paratype; 223, holotype); 224, P. uncinata holotype; 225–226, P. cervus holotype; 227, P. (C.) hum holotype; upper scale for 217–218; lower scale for 219–227. Abbreviation: att downcurved lobe of tenth abdominal tergite." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 218</figureCitation>
); at apex with a compressed and high internal process with broad apex that carries two acute spines; in about half of its length, the process gives rise to a narrow, curved, ventral branch, which carries a tooth behind basal third and has the apex ending into two spines (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A621ADE050BCFD0B" box="[1317,1431,693,719]" captionStart="FIGURES 191–202" captionStartId="89.[151,269,1892,1916]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-84@89.[155,1432,194,1868]" captionTargetPageId="89" captionText="FIGURES 191–202. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in dorsal view (191–199) and lateral view (external side 200– 201; internal side 202): 191, P. uncinata paratype; 192, P. concha holotype; 193, P. cervus holotype; 194, P. dilatata holotype; 195, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 196, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 197, P. (C.) digitata paratype; 198, P. (C.) nana paratype; 199, P. (W.) alces holotype; 200, P. crassicercus lectotype; 201–202, P. (C.) sinuata holotype." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Figs. 199</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A393AD8955E3FD32" box="[151,200,732,758]" captionStart="FIGURES 245–258" captionStartId="93.[151,269,1868,1892]" captionTargetBox="[167,1420,195,1835]" captionTargetId="figure-91@93.[167,1420,194,1836]" captionTargetPageId="93" captionText="FIGURES 245–258. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in ventral view (245–252, 256–257), external view (253), and internal view (254–255, 258): 245, P. dilatata holotype; 246, P. uncinata paratype; 247, P. concha holotype; 248, P. cervus holotype; 249, P. (C.) digitata paratype; 250, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 251, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 252, P. (W.) alces holotype; 253–254, P. (C.) nana holotype; 255, P. (C.) siwiholotype; 256, P. (W.)raffrayi syntype one; 257– 258, P. (C.) hum holotype." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">252</figureCitation>
). Subgenital plate with styli longer than excised area (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A045AD895682FD32" box="[833,937,732,758]" captionStart="FIGURES 259–297" captionStartId="94.[151,269,1664,1688]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,155,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-207@94.[221,1373,154,1652]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 259–297. Male subgenital plate in ventral view (259–296) and apex of abdomen in dorsal view (297) of Pseudonicsara species: 259, P. pallidifrons lectotype; 260, P. undulata holotype; 261, P. stylata holotype; 262, P. nomo holotype; 263, P. apicata holotype; 264, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 265, P. abbreviata paratype; 266, P. spatula holotype; 267, P. finister holotype; 268–269, P. semicruciata (268, syntype of A. ornata; 269, holotype); 270, P. crassicercus lectotype; 271, P. uncinata paratype; 272, P. karimui holotype; 273, P. bitriangulata holotype; 274, P. spinicercus syntype; 275, P. concha holotype; 276, P. cervus holotype; 277, P. buergersi holotype; 278, P. excisa holotype; 279, P. apingan holotype; 280, P. dilatata holotype; 281, P. semicruciata leg. Fruhstorfer; 282, P. zugi paratype; 283, P. clavus holotype; 284, P. forceps paratype; 285, P. pugio holotype; 286, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 287, P. clavus carinata holotype; 288, P. (C.) siwi holotype; 289, P. (W.) alces holotype; 290, P. (C.) stridulans paratype; 291, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 292, P.(C.)digitataholotype; 293, P. (C.) nana paratype; 294, P. (C.) bomberi holotype; 295, hum; 296, P.(W.) raffrayi syntype one; 297, P. (C.) leopoldi after Willemse (1933)." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 289</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FF9AA217A3C2AC5754BCFC54" blockId="64.[151,1436,152,1299]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
Titillators with basal parts very broad; apical parts with apical margin broadly rounded and lateral margin triangular; surface brown with clinging hairs towards centre and brown granular towards margin; margin hyaline granular (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A277AC0554C0FCAE" box="[371,491,848,874]" captionStart="FIGURES 325–335" captionStartId="98.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,198,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-74@98.[155,1432,194,1866]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="FIGURES 325–335. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in ventro-apical view, overview: 325, P. apingan holotype; 326, P. cervus holotype; 327, P. excisa holotype; 328, P. dilatata holotype; 329, P. forceps paratype; 330, P. abbreviata holotype; 331, P. (W.) alces holotype; 332, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 333, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 334, P. (C.) siwi holotype; 335, P. (C.) digitata holotype." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Figs. 331</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A2FAAC055706FCAE" box="[510,557,848,874]" captionStart="FIGURES 380–386" captionStartId="104.[151,269,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1866]" captionTargetId="figure-52@104.[155,1432,194,1866]" captionTargetPageId="104" captionText="FIGURES 380–386. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in ventro-apical view showing details of apical parts: 380–381, P. (C.) digitata (380, paratype; 381–382, holotype); 383–384, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 385, P. (W.) alces holotype; 386, P. (C.) furcata holotype." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">385</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A13BAC05575BFCAE" box="[575,624,848,874]" captionStart="FIGURES 410–420" captionStartId="108.[151,269,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[167,1423,197,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-94@108.[166,1424,194,1840]" captionTargetPageId="108" captionText="FIGURES 410–420. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in dorso-proximal view: 410, P. (C.) apingan holotype; 411, P. cervus holotype; 412, P. excisa holotype; 413, P. dilatata holotype; 414, P. forceps holotype; 415, P. abbreviata paratype; 416, P. (C.) stridulans holotype; 417, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 418, P. (C.) furcata holotype; 419, P. (C.) digitata holotype; 420, P. (W.) alces holotype; Abbreviations: als apico-lateral sclerite; bls baso-lateral sclerite; bt basal part of titillator; te testes (one flipped up in preparation)." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">420</figureCitation>
). Lateral of apical parts of titillators, phallus membranes brown, irregularly structured.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FF9AA217A3C2ACC850ABFBC0" blockId="64.[151,1436,152,1299]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
Female (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A229ACC854AFFC73" box="[301,388,925,951]" captionStart="FIGURES 14–18" captionStartId="72.[151,269,1929,1953]" captionTargetBox="[164,1433,197,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-58@72.[154,1433,194,1905]" captionTargetPageId="72" captionText="FIGURES 14–18. Female habitus lateral view of Pseudonicsara species: 14, P. pallidifrons (type of P. aeruginifrons); 15, P. excisa paratype; 16, P. semicruciata (syntype of A. ornata); 17, P.(C.)furcata; 18, P. (W.) alces paratype; scales = 10 mm." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
). Subgenital plate with a strong median carina becoming higher towards apex, surface on both sides of carina slightly convex; apical area suddenly raised to level of median carina, apex bilobate (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A665AC9155EDFBC0" captionStart="FIGURES 460–474" captionStartId="112.[151,269,1698,1722]" captionTargetBox="[154,1433,195,1671]" captionTargetId="figure-95@112.[154,1433,194,1674]" captionTargetPageId="112" captionText="FIGURES 460–474. Female subgenital plate of Pseudonicsara species in ventral view: 460, P. (C.) nana paratype; 461, P. (C.) wanigela holotype; 462, P. (W.) alces paratype; 463, P. (C.) taliabu holotype; 464, P. (C.) dodinga holotype; 465, P. (W.) curvata holotype; 466, P. (C.) stridulans paratype; 467, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 468, P. (C.) halmahera holotype; 469–470, P. bitriangulata paratype (two different females); 471, P. cervus paratype; 472, P. (C.) siwi paratype; 473, P. spinicercus; 474, P. forceps paratype." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Figs. 462</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A3D5ACBF5416FBC0" box="[209,317,1002,1028]" captionStart="FIGURES 526–540" captionStartId="116.[151,269,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[185,1398,194,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-114@116.[185,1399,194,1806]" captionTargetPageId="116" captionText="FIGURES 526–540. Female subgenital plate of Pseudonicsara species in apical view (526–536) and lateral view (537– 540): 526, P. (C.) siwi paratype; 527, P. (C.) wanigela holotype; 528, P. (C.) dodinga holotype; 529, P. (C.) taliabu holotype; 530, P. (C.) nana paratype; 531, P. (W.) alces paratype; 532, P. (C.) stridulans paratype; 533, P. clavus paratype; 534, P. (W.) curvata holotype; 535, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 536, P. (C.) halmahera holotype; 537, P. (C.) spinibranchis paratype; 538, P. pugio paratype; 539, P. (W.) alces paratype; 540, P. (W.) curvata holotype; Abbreviation: og oval groove of ventral ovipositor valve." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">531, 539</figureCitation>
). Ovipositor strongly curved in basal two thirds only, with nearly parallel margins (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FF9AA217A608ACBF5058FBC0" box="[1292,1395,1002,1028]" captionStart="FIGURES 541–548" captionStartId="117.[151,269,1682,1706]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1644]" captionTargetId="figure-79@117.[155,1432,194,1658]" captionTargetPageId="117" captionText="FIGURES 541–548. Female ovipositor of Pseudonicsara species: 541, P. pallidifrons paralectotype; 542, P. april holotype; 543, P. (C.) spinibranchis paratype; 544, P. excisa paratype; 545, P. (W.) alces holotype; 546, P. (C.) siwi paratype; 547, P. (C.) taliabu holotype; 548, P. (C.) halmahera holotype. Abbreviations: ce cercus; dv dorsal ovipositor valve; sg subgenital plate; tt tenth abdominal tergite; vv ventral ovipositor valve. Scales = 5 mm." pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Fig. 545</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FF9AA217A3C2AB45541BFB5B" blockId="64.[151,1436,152,1299]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FF9AA217A3C2AB45547EFBEE" bold="true" box="[198,341,1040,1066]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Coloration.</emphasis>
Uniformly medium brown. Face, anterior part of genae and mandibles blackish brown to black; clypeus and labrum yellow. Pronotum with or without a brown band between first and second transverse sulcus; second transverse sulcus also darkened. Tegmen brown with network of light veins little conspicuous.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FF9AA217A3C2ABFE5131FB29" blockId="64.[151,1436,152,1299]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FF9AA217A3C2ABFE5456FB01" bold="true" box="[198,381,1195,1221]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Measurements</emphasis>
(
<specimenCount id="1EEAFD1DFF9AA217A297ABF954CDFB02" box="[403,486,1196,1222]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="1EEAFD1DFF9AA217A2F1ABF95748FB02" box="[501,611,1196,1222]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
): body male 38, female 39; pronotum male 11, female 10.2; tegmen male 36.5, female 36; hind femur male 21.5, female 23.5; ovipositor
<quantity id="CF149B71FF9AA217A0C4AB86513EFB29" box="[960,1045,1235,1261]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="23.0">23 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40F6651FFF9AA217A3C2ABAD50B7FAD7" box="[198,1436,1272,1299]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="08533694FF9AA217A3C2ABAD50B7FAD7" blockId="64.[151,1436,152,1299]" box="[198,1436,1272,1299]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FF9AA217A3C2ABAD5478FAD6" bold="true" box="[198,339,1272,1298]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named for the peculiar shape of the male cerci resembling horns of alces; noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>