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<document id="9583686867993822B1A2A4A8E45DF796" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629629186718" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Ingrisch, Sigfrid" docDate="2009" docId="80458782FFC2A24EA393ACB35173FD32" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02185p122.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2185" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pseudonicsara (Pseudonicsara) clavus Ingrisch 2009" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="26" masterDocId="7C7CFFFAFFDAA257A304AF55552BFFC4" masterDocTitle="Revision of the genus Pseudonicsara Karny, 1912 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini) 2185" masterLastPageNumber="122" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1699086653631" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="5F4001440AD6CD5B353580042800A8BC">Revision of the genus Pseudonicsara Karny, 1912 (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Agraeciini) 2185</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4EFA97ED4810AF73C91D45BA271483FD">Ingrisch, Sigfrid</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="FE1302A0C662369BE7C4C416D24B7F61">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D2C2656C4D7847160F7E201F0CCACBCA">2009-08-06</mods:number>
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<treatment id="80458782FFC2A24EA393ACB35173FD32" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5319766" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5319766" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:80458782FFC2A24EA393ACB35173FD32" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/80458782FFC2A24EA393ACB35173FD32" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="40F6651FFFC2A24FA393ACB357A6FBC4" box="[151,653,998,1024]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="08533694FFC2A24FA393ACB357A6FBC4" blockId="24.[151,1098,998,1063]" box="[151,653,998,1024]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="531B81F8FFC2A24FA393ACB357A6FBC4" bold="true" box="[151,653,998,1024]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="CFEC4D17FFC2A24FA393ACB354E6FBC4" ID-CoL="4P556" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2009" box="[151,461,998,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Pseudonicsara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clavus" subGenus="Pseudonicsara">Pseudonicsara (P.) clavus</taxonomicName>
carinata
</emphasis>
ssp. n.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40F6651FFFC2A24FA393AB585616FB06" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="08533694FFC2A24FA393AB585161FBE3" blockId="24.[151,1098,998,1063]" box="[151,1098,1037,1063]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA393AB5855D3FBE3" box="[151,248,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 6270" captionStartId="79.[151,269,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[220,1367,195,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-69@79.[220,1368,194,1880]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 6270. Stridulatory files on underside of left male tegmen of Pseudonicsara species: 62, P. buergersi holotype; 63, P. clavus holotype; 64, P. clavus carinata holotype; 65, P. semicruciata coll. Dohrn; 66, P. karimui holotype; 67, P. finister holotype; 68, P. spatula holotype; 69, P. zugi holotype; 70, P. semicruciata (syntype of A. ornata)." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs. 64</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA200AB585419FBE3" box="[260,306,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 92108" captionStartId="83.[151,269,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-128@83.[155,1432,194,1776]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 92108. Male abdominal apex in dorsal view of Pseudonicsara species: 92, P. pallidifrons lectotype; 93, P. excisa holotype; 94, P. stylata holotype; 95, P. pugio holotype; 96, P. apingan holotype; 97, P. nomo holotype; 98, P. buergersi paratype; 99, P. apicata holotype; 100, P. semicruciata coll. Dohrn; 101, P. clavus holotype; 102, P. clavus carinata holotype; 103, P. karimui holotype; 104, P. finister holotype; 105, P. abbreviata holotype; 106, P. crassicercus lectotype; 107, P. spatula holotype; 108, P. zugiparatype; Abbreviations: 10t tenth abdominal tergite; ac apex of cercus; ap apical process of cercus; bp basal process of cercus; bps basal processes of cercus; ce cercus; e epiproct; sg subgenital plate; st stylus." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">102</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA23AAB585447FBE3" box="[318,364,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 127148" captionStartId="85.[151,269,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[205,1380,158,1713]" captionTargetId="figure-189@85.[205,1381,154,1718]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 127148. Male abdominal apex and male cerci in apical view (129144) and male abdominal apex in dorsal view (145148) of Pseudonicsara species: 127, P. pallidifrons from Wanuma; 128, P. excisa holotype; 129, P. pugio holotype; 130, P. stylata holotype; 131, P. nomo holotype; 132, P. apingan holotype; 133, P. apicata holotype; 134, P. buergersi holotype; 135, P. finister paratype; 136, P. clavus holotype; 137, P. clavus carinata holotype; 138, P. abbreviata holotype; 139140, P. semicruciata (139, coll. Dohrn; 140, leg. Fruhstorfer); 141, P.karimui holotype; 142 143, P. semicruciata (142, holotype; 143, syntype of A. ornata); 144, P.zugi holotype; 145, P.(C.)siwiholotype; 146, P. (C.) lita holotype (Photo P. Naskrecki from OSF); 147, P. forceps holotype; 148, P. (W.) raffrayi syntype one; Abbreviations: 10t tenth abdominal tergite; ap apical process of cercus; bp basal processes of cercus; ce cercus; e epiproct; pa paraproct; sg subgenital plate; st stylus; ti titillators, extruded [removed from some of the preparations photographed]; the arrow points at the dorsal lamella of the apico-internal process." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">137</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA27DAB585483FBE3" box="[377,424,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 175190" captionStartId="88.[151,269,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,195,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-98@88.[177,1409,194,1844]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURES 175190. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in dorsal view: 175, P. buergersi holotype; 176, P. clavus holotype; 177, P. clavus carinata holotype; 178, P. semicruciata holotype; 179, P. karimui paratype; 180, P. finister holotype; 181, P. crassicercus lectotype; 182, P. spatula holotype; 183, P. zugi paratype; 184, P. forceps paratype; 185 186, P. bitriangulata holotype (186 left, strict dorsal view; right, dorso-internal view); 187, P. spinicercus syntype; 188, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 189, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 190, P. (C.) bomberi holotype." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">177</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA2B7AB585730FBE3" box="[435,539,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 203216" captionStartId="90.[151,269,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-96@90.[155,1432,194,1832]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURES 203216. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in lateral view (203, 205, 210216, internal side; 208209, external side; 204, 206207, oblique view of abdominal apex): 203, P. stylata holotype; 204, P. pugio holotype; 205, P. clavus holotype; 206, P. apingan holotype; 207, P. buergersi holotype; 208, P. clavus carinata holotype; 209210, P. forceps holotype; 211, P. clavus carinata holotype; 212, P. semicruciata coll. Dohrn; 213, P. karimui paratype; 214, P. crassicercus lectotype; 215, P. zugi holotype; 216, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">208, 211</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA12CAB58577DFBE3" box="[552,598,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 228244" captionStartId="92.[151,269,1829,1853]" captionTargetBox="[170,1422,195,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-107@92.[170,1423,194,1809]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURES 228244. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in ventral view (228243) and internal view (244): 228, P. pallidifrons male from Wanuma; 229, P.nomo holotype; 230, P. apicata holotype; 231, P. clavus carinata holotype; 232, P. pugio holotype; 233, P. apingan holotype; 234, P. abbreviata paratype; 235, P. clavus holotype; 236, P. karimui holotype; 237, P. finister holotype; 238, P. zugi paratype; 239, P. bitriangulata holotype; 240, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 241, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 242, P. forceps paratype; 243, P. (C.) bomberi holotype; 244, P. (C.) lita (after Hebard 1922)." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">231</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA166AB5857BAFBE3" box="[610,657,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 259297" captionStartId="94.[151,269,1664,1688]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,155,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-207@94.[221,1373,154,1652]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 259297. Male subgenital plate in ventral view (259296) and apex of abdomen in dorsal view (297) of Pseudonicsara species: 259, P. pallidifrons lectotype; 260, P. undulata holotype; 261, P. stylata holotype; 262, P. nomo holotype; 263, P. apicata holotype; 264, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 265, P. abbreviata paratype; 266, P. spatula holotype; 267, P. finister holotype; 268269, P. semicruciata (268, syntype of A. ornata; 269, holotype); 270, P. crassicercus lectotype; 271, P. uncinata paratype; 272, P. karimui holotype; 273, P. bitriangulata holotype; 274, P. spinicercus syntype; 275, P. concha holotype; 276, P. cervus holotype; 277, P. buergersi holotype; 278, P. excisa holotype; 279, P. apingan holotype; 280, P. dilatata holotype; 281, P. semicruciata leg. Fruhstorfer; 282, P. zugi paratype; 283, P. clavus holotype; 284, P. forceps paratype; 285, P. pugio holotype; 286, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 287, P. clavus carinata holotype; 288, P. (C.) siwi holotype; 289, P. (W.) alces holotype; 290, P. (C.) stridulans paratype; 291, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 292, P.(C.)digitataholotype; 293, P. (C.) nana paratype; 294, P. (C.) bomberi holotype; 295, hum; 296, P.(W.) raffrayi syntype one; 297, P. (C.) leopoldi after Willemse (1933)." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">287</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA199AB5857E1FBE3" box="[669,714,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 302311" captionStartId="96.[151,269,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,195,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-91@96.[164,1421,194,1839]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="FIGURES 302311. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in ventro-apical view (302310) and view on edge of one and surface of the other titillator (311), overview: 302303, P. pallidifrons (302, lectotype; 303, male from Wanuma); 304, P. semicruciata (syntype of A. ornata); 305, P. pugio holotype; 306, P. buergersi holotype; 307, P. nomo holotype; 308, P. apicata holotype; 309, P. semicruciata coll. Dohrn (margin partly broken); 310, P. clavus holotype; 311, P. clavus carinata holotype." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">311</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA1D2AB58562FFBE3" box="[726,772,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 353361" captionStartId="101.[151,269,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-56@101.[155,1432,194,1868]" captionTargetPageId="101" captionText="FIGURES 353361. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in ventro-apical view showing details of apical parts: 353, P. raffrayi syntype; 354, P.clavusholotype; 355, P. clavus carinata holotype; 356357, P.uncinataholotype; 358, P.stylata holotype; 359360, P. concha holotype; 361, P. zugi holotype." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">355</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA015AB58566BFBE3" box="[785,832,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 392400" captionStartId="106.[151,269,1657,1681]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-92@106.[155,1432,194,1633]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURES 392400. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in dorso-proximal view: 392, P. pallidifrons male from Wanuma; 393, P. pugio holotype; 394, P. buergersi holotype; 395, P. nomo holotype; 396, P. apicata holotype; 397, P. semicruciata coll. Dohrn; 398, P. clavus holotype; 399, P. stylata holotype; 400, P. clavus carinata holotype; Abbreviations: als apico-lateral sclerite; at apical part of titillator; bt basal part of titillator; ga granular area; ms membranous sac; mt granular margin of apical part of titillator." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">400</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA04FAB585651FBE3" box="[843,890,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 445459" captionStartId="111.[151,269,1646,1670]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-89@111.[155,1432,194,1622]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURES 445459. Female subgenital plate of Pseudonicsara species in ventral view: 445, P. karimui paratype; 446 447, P. semicruciata (446, syntype of A. ornata; 447, from Finschhafen); 448, P. abbreviata paratype; 449, P. wum holotype; 450, P. wau holotype; 451452, P. finister paratype (two different females); 453, P. clavus paratype; 454, P. maritima holotype; 455, P.nomoparatype; 456, P. clavus carinata paratype; 457, P. undulata paratype; 458, P. wanuma holotype; 459, P. crassicercus." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">456</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA082AB5856C4FBE3" box="[902,1007,1037,1063]" captionStart="FIGURES 493511" captionStartId="114.[151,269,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,195,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-114@114.[163,1429,194,1816]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURES 493511. Female subgenital plate of Pseudonicsara species in lateral view: 493, P. semicruciata (without locality label); 494, P. wau holotype; 495, P. finister paratype; 496, P. wum holotype; 497, P. maritima holotype; 498 499, P. clavus carinata paratype (two different females); 500, P. forceps paratype; 501, P. clavus paratype; 502, P. (C.) taliabu holotype; 503, P. (C.) halmahera holotype; 504, P. (C.) wanigela holotype; 505, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 506, P. (C.) siwi paratype; 507, P. karimui paratype; 508, P. (C.) dodinga holotype; 509, P. (C.) stridulans paratype; 510, P. cervus paratype; 511, P. forceps paratype (freshly molted)." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">498499</figureCitation>
, map 2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FFC2A24FA393AB0F5193FB5F" blockId="24.[151,1436,1114,1991]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<materialsCitation id="B8843CC9FFC2A24FA393AB0F5193FB5F" collectingDate="1968-09" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="N. L. H. Krauss &amp; Bernice P. Bishop Museum &amp; Honolulu" country="Papua New Guinea" elevation="1400" latitude="-6.2166667" location="Mindik" longLatPrecision="1305" longitude="147.61667" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morobe" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="D7578836FFC2A24FA393AB0F542FFBB0" box="[151,260,1114,1140]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
(male):
<collectingCountry id="70FB7604FFC2A24FA262AB0F5767FBB0" box="[358,588,1114,1140]" name="Papua New Guinea" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Papua New Guinea</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="CA28F876FFC2A24FA153AB0F563DFBB0" box="[599,790,1114,1140]" country="Papua New Guinea" name="Morobe" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Morobe District</collectingRegion>
,
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[
<geoCoordinate id="6DD85053FFC2A24FA082AB0F56CEFBB0" box="[902,997,1114,1140]" degrees="6" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="-6.2166667">6° 13' S</geoCoordinate>
,
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,
<date id="7C521054FFC2A24FA630AB0F50B3FBB0" box="[1332,1432,1114,1140]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1968-09">
<collectingDate id="6C16E9BCFFC2A24FA630AB0F50B3FBB0" box="[1332,1432,1114,1140]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1968-09">IX.1968</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="A5195342FFC2A24FA393ABD4546EFB5F" box="[151,325,1153,1179]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">N.L.H. Krauss</collectorName>
, depository:
<collectorName id="A5195342FFC2A24FA2DFABD45635FB5F" box="[475,798,1153,1179]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Bernice P. Bishop Museum</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="A5195342FFC2A24FA02DABD456B1FB5F" box="[809,922,1153,1179]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Honolulu</collectorName>
, Hawaii, USA (
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).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
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<typeStatus id="D7578836FFC2A24FA3C2ABFD5416FB06" box="[198,317,1192,1218]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="1EEAFD1DFFC2A24FA24CABFD5490FB06" box="[328,443,1192,1218]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
, same data as holotype (
<collectionCode id="6EFDAE51FFC2A24FA1DDABFD561AFB06" box="[729,817,1192,1218]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40F6651FFFC2A24FA3C2AB9B569AFA47" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="08533694FFC2A24FA3C2AB9B569AFA47" blockId="24.[151,1436,1114,1991]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFC2A24FA3C2AB9B546DFB2C" bold="true" box="[198,326,1230,1256]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Very similar to
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFC2A24FA105AB9A57AFFB2C" box="[513,644,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
P. c.
<taxonomicName id="CFEC4D17FFC2A24FA13DAB9A57AFFB2C" authorityName="Ingrisch" authorityYear="2009" box="[569,644,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Tettigoniidae" genus="Pseudonicsara" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="clavus">clavus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
. The subspecies
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFC2A24FA04FAB9A56CDFB2C" box="[843,998,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">P. c. carinata</emphasis>
differs from the nominate subspecies in male by the apico-internal process of the cercus being long triangular, compressed, with the free apical area much longer than the basal area with crest (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA194AA4957D8FAF2" box="[656,755,1308,1334]" captionStart="FIGURES 127148" captionStartId="85.[151,269,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[205,1380,158,1713]" captionTargetId="figure-189@85.[205,1381,154,1718]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 127148. Male abdominal apex and male cerci in apical view (129144) and male abdominal apex in dorsal view (145148) of Pseudonicsara species: 127, P. pallidifrons from Wanuma; 128, P. excisa holotype; 129, P. pugio holotype; 130, P. stylata holotype; 131, P. nomo holotype; 132, P. apingan holotype; 133, P. apicata holotype; 134, P. buergersi holotype; 135, P. finister paratype; 136, P. clavus holotype; 137, P. clavus carinata holotype; 138, P. abbreviata holotype; 139140, P. semicruciata (139, coll. Dohrn; 140, leg. Fruhstorfer); 141, P.karimui holotype; 142 143, P. semicruciata (142, holotype; 143, syntype of A. ornata); 144, P.zugi holotype; 145, P.(C.)siwiholotype; 146, P. (C.) lita holotype (Photo P. Naskrecki from OSF); 147, P. forceps holotype; 148, P. (W.) raffrayi syntype one; Abbreviations: 10t tenth abdominal tergite; ap apical process of cercus; bp basal processes of cercus; ce cercus; e epiproct; pa paraproct; sg subgenital plate; st stylus; ti titillators, extruded [removed from some of the preparations photographed]; the arrow points at the dorsal lamella of the apico-internal process." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 137</figureCitation>
) instead of about as long as that area (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA7ABAA49503EFAF2" box="[1199,1301,1308,1334]" captionStart="FIGURES 127148" captionStartId="85.[151,269,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[205,1380,158,1713]" captionTargetId="figure-189@85.[205,1381,154,1718]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 127148. Male abdominal apex and male cerci in apical view (129144) and male abdominal apex in dorsal view (145148) of Pseudonicsara species: 127, P. pallidifrons from Wanuma; 128, P. excisa holotype; 129, P. pugio holotype; 130, P. stylata holotype; 131, P. nomo holotype; 132, P. apingan holotype; 133, P. apicata holotype; 134, P. buergersi holotype; 135, P. finister paratype; 136, P. clavus holotype; 137, P. clavus carinata holotype; 138, P. abbreviata holotype; 139140, P. semicruciata (139, coll. Dohrn; 140, leg. Fruhstorfer); 141, P.karimui holotype; 142 143, P. semicruciata (142, holotype; 143, syntype of A. ornata); 144, P.zugi holotype; 145, P.(C.)siwiholotype; 146, P. (C.) lita holotype (Photo P. Naskrecki from OSF); 147, P. forceps holotype; 148, P. (W.) raffrayi syntype one; Abbreviations: 10t tenth abdominal tergite; ap apical process of cercus; bp basal processes of cercus; ce cercus; e epiproct; pa paraproct; sg subgenital plate; st stylus; ti titillators, extruded [removed from some of the preparations photographed]; the arrow points at the dorsal lamella of the apico-internal process." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 136</figureCitation>
); the dorsal baso-internal process is obliquely inserted (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA1BEAA17560CFA98" box="[698,807,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURES 203216" captionStartId="90.[151,269,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-96@90.[155,1432,194,1832]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURES 203216. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in lateral view (203, 205, 210216, internal side; 208209, external side; 204, 206207, oblique view of abdominal apex): 203, P. stylata holotype; 204, P. pugio holotype; 205, P. clavus holotype; 206, P. apingan holotype; 207, P. buergersi holotype; 208, P. clavus carinata holotype; 209210, P. forceps holotype; 211, P. clavus carinata holotype; 212, P. semicruciata coll. Dohrn; 213, P. karimui paratype; 214, P. crassicercus lectotype; 215, P. zugi holotype; 216, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 211</figureCitation>
), not horizontal (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA703AA17515DFA98" box="[1031,1142,1346,1372]" captionStart="FIGURES 203216" captionStartId="90.[151,269,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-96@90.[155,1432,194,1832]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURES 203216. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in lateral view (203, 205, 210216, internal side; 208209, external side; 204, 206207, oblique view of abdominal apex): 203, P. stylata holotype; 204, P. pugio holotype; 205, P. clavus holotype; 206, P. apingan holotype; 207, P. buergersi holotype; 208, P. clavus carinata holotype; 209210, P. forceps holotype; 211, P. clavus carinata holotype; 212, P. semicruciata coll. Dohrn; 213, P. karimui paratype; 214, P. crassicercus lectotype; 215, P. zugi holotype; 216, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 205</figureCitation>
). There are also minor differences in the shapes of the titillators. The females are identical.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40F6651FFFC2A24EA3C2AADA5723FD0B" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="08533694FFC2A24FA3C2AADA51BAF981" blockId="24.[151,1436,1114,1991]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFC2A24FA3C2AADA5475FA6D" bold="true" box="[198,350,1423,1449]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Description.</emphasis>
Fastigium verticis in front of eyes
<quantity id="CF149B71FFC2A24FA00CAAC5564CFA6E" box="[776,871,1424,1450]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
, from base
<quantity id="CF149B71FFC2A24FA0F1AAC5517FFA6E" box="[1013,1108,1424,1450]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
; dorsal eye length
<quantity id="CF149B71FFC2A24FA63CAAC550BCFA6E" box="[1336,1431,1424,1450]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
; greatest diameter of eye
<quantity id="CF149B71FFC2A24FA2B3AAE3573FFA14" box="[439,532,1462,1488]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
; index fastigium verticis from base: eye length 0.9. Face rugose but shining. Tegmen reaching or little surpassing apex of hind femora, gradually narrowed behind basal widening. Femora with the following number of spines on ventral margins: fore femur 58 external, 6 internal; mid femur 6 external, 3 internal near base; hind femur 811 external, 18 minute internal near base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FFC2A24FA3C2A9045600F803" blockId="24.[151,1436,1114,1991]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Male. Stridulatory file sinuate,
<quantity id="CF149B71FFC2A24FA130A90457A6F9AF" box="[564,653,1617,1643]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
long; teeth at apex very dense and indistinct; with 93 teeth or 40.8 teeth per mm, in middle of file with 31.3 teeth per mm. Mirror little narrowing posteriorly; fore and hind margins straight;
<quantity id="CF149B71FFC2A24FA26FA9CB54E3F97C" box="[363,456,1694,1720]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
long
<quantity id="CF149B71FFC2A24FA117A9CB575AF97C" box="[531,625,1694,1720]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
wide; index length:width = 1.1 (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA70DA9CB514EF97C" box="[1033,1125,1694,1720]" captionStart="FIGURES 6270" captionStartId="79.[151,269,1908,1932]" captionTargetBox="[220,1367,195,1876]" captionTargetId="figure-69@79.[220,1368,194,1880]" captionTargetPageId="79" captionText="FIGURES 6270. Stridulatory files on underside of left male tegmen of Pseudonicsara species: 62, P. buergersi holotype; 63, P. clavus holotype; 64, P. clavus carinata holotype; 65, P. semicruciata coll. Dohrn; 66, P. karimui holotype; 67, P. finister holotype; 68, P. spatula holotype; 69, P. zugi holotype; 70, P. semicruciata (syntype of A. ornata)." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
). Tenth abdominal tergite globular; apical margin triangularly excised in middle, obtusely projecting on both sides (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA7BEA9905009F91B" box="[1210,1314,1733,1759]" captionStart="FIGURES 92108" captionStartId="83.[151,269,1800,1824]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1773]" captionTargetId="figure-128@83.[155,1432,194,1776]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="FIGURES 92108. Male abdominal apex in dorsal view of Pseudonicsara species: 92, P. pallidifrons lectotype; 93, P. excisa holotype; 94, P. stylata holotype; 95, P. pugio holotype; 96, P. apingan holotype; 97, P. nomo holotype; 98, P. buergersi paratype; 99, P. apicata holotype; 100, P. semicruciata coll. Dohrn; 101, P. clavus holotype; 102, P. clavus carinata holotype; 103, P. karimui holotype; 104, P. finister holotype; 105, P. abbreviata holotype; 106, P. crassicercus lectotype; 107, P. spatula holotype; 108, P. zugiparatype; Abbreviations: 10t tenth abdominal tergite; ac apex of cercus; ap apical process of cercus; bp basal process of cercus; bps basal processes of cercus; ce cercus; e epiproct; sg subgenital plate; st stylus." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 102</figureCitation>
). Epiproct narrow triangular, elongate, deeply furrowed. Paraproct with obtuse projection with concave lateral surface. Cerci cylindrical, slightly curved, with three internal projections: two in middle, one at apex; of the former the ventral little closer to base than the dorsal (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA19CA86C5622F897" box="[664,777,1849,1875]" captionStart="FIGURES 127148" captionStartId="85.[151,269,1724,1748]" captionTargetBox="[205,1380,158,1713]" captionTargetId="figure-189@85.[205,1381,154,1718]" captionTargetPageId="85" captionText="FIGURES 127148. Male abdominal apex and male cerci in apical view (129144) and male abdominal apex in dorsal view (145148) of Pseudonicsara species: 127, P. pallidifrons from Wanuma; 128, P. excisa holotype; 129, P. pugio holotype; 130, P. stylata holotype; 131, P. nomo holotype; 132, P. apingan holotype; 133, P. apicata holotype; 134, P. buergersi holotype; 135, P. finister paratype; 136, P. clavus holotype; 137, P. clavus carinata holotype; 138, P. abbreviata holotype; 139140, P. semicruciata (139, coll. Dohrn; 140, leg. Fruhstorfer); 141, P.karimui holotype; 142 143, P. semicruciata (142, holotype; 143, syntype of A. ornata); 144, P.zugi holotype; 145, P.(C.)siwiholotype; 146, P. (C.) lita holotype (Photo P. Naskrecki from OSF); 147, P. forceps holotype; 148, P. (W.) raffrayi syntype one; Abbreviations: 10t tenth abdominal tergite; ap apical process of cercus; bp basal processes of cercus; ce cercus; e epiproct; pa paraproct; sg subgenital plate; st stylus; ti titillators, extruded [removed from some of the preparations photographed]; the arrow points at the dorsal lamella of the apico-internal process." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Figs. 137</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA013A86C566EF897" box="[791,837,1849,1875]" captionStart="FIGURES 175190" captionStartId="88.[151,269,1867,1891]" captionTargetBox="[177,1409,195,1843]" captionTargetId="figure-98@88.[177,1409,194,1844]" captionTargetPageId="88" captionText="FIGURES 175190. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in dorsal view: 175, P. buergersi holotype; 176, P. clavus holotype; 177, P. clavus carinata holotype; 178, P. semicruciata holotype; 179, P. karimui paratype; 180, P. finister holotype; 181, P. crassicercus lectotype; 182, P. spatula holotype; 183, P. zugi paratype; 184, P. forceps paratype; 185 186, P. bitriangulata holotype (186 left, strict dorsal view; right, dorso-internal view); 187, P. spinicercus syntype; 188, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 189, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 190, P. (C.) bomberi holotype." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">177</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA057A86C5697F897" box="[851,956,1849,1875]" captionStart="FIGURES 203216" captionStartId="90.[151,269,1856,1880]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1828]" captionTargetId="figure-96@90.[155,1432,194,1832]" captionTargetPageId="90" captionText="FIGURES 203216. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in lateral view (203, 205, 210216, internal side; 208209, external side; 204, 206207, oblique view of abdominal apex): 203, P. stylata holotype; 204, P. pugio holotype; 205, P. clavus holotype; 206, P. apingan holotype; 207, P. buergersi holotype; 208, P. clavus carinata holotype; 209210, P. forceps holotype; 211, P. clavus carinata holotype; 212, P. semicruciata coll. Dohrn; 213, P. karimui paratype; 214, P. crassicercus lectotype; 215, P. zugi holotype; 216, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">208, 211</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA0CDA86C56D2F897" box="[969,1017,1849,1875]" captionStart="FIGURES 228244" captionStartId="92.[151,269,1829,1853]" captionTargetBox="[170,1422,195,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-107@92.[170,1423,194,1809]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="FIGURES 228244. Male cerci of Pseudonicsara species in ventral view (228243) and internal view (244): 228, P. pallidifrons male from Wanuma; 229, P.nomo holotype; 230, P. apicata holotype; 231, P. clavus carinata holotype; 232, P. pugio holotype; 233, P. apingan holotype; 234, P. abbreviata paratype; 235, P. clavus holotype; 236, P. karimui holotype; 237, P. finister holotype; 238, P. zugi paratype; 239, P. bitriangulata holotype; 240, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 241, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 242, P. forceps paratype; 243, P. (C.) bomberi holotype; 244, P. (C.) lita (after Hebard 1922)." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">231</figureCitation>
). Dorso-internal projection roughly triangular; ventro-internal projection club-shaped, with a crown of spinules at tip. Apico-internal projection almost pointing ventrad; suddenly constricted behind base, then dagger-shaped with obtuse apex. Subgenital plate with apex roundly excised; styli normal (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC2A24FA1B3A8F85634F803" box="[695,799,1965,1991]" captionStart="FIGURES 259297" captionStartId="94.[151,269,1664,1688]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,155,1649]" captionTargetId="figure-207@94.[221,1373,154,1652]" captionTargetPageId="94" captionText="FIGURES 259297. Male subgenital plate in ventral view (259296) and apex of abdomen in dorsal view (297) of Pseudonicsara species: 259, P. pallidifrons lectotype; 260, P. undulata holotype; 261, P. stylata holotype; 262, P. nomo holotype; 263, P. apicata holotype; 264, P. (C.) sinuata holotype; 265, P. abbreviata paratype; 266, P. spatula holotype; 267, P. finister holotype; 268269, P. semicruciata (268, syntype of A. ornata; 269, holotype); 270, P. crassicercus lectotype; 271, P. uncinata paratype; 272, P. karimui holotype; 273, P. bitriangulata holotype; 274, P. spinicercus syntype; 275, P. concha holotype; 276, P. cervus holotype; 277, P. buergersi holotype; 278, P. excisa holotype; 279, P. apingan holotype; 280, P. dilatata holotype; 281, P. semicruciata leg. Fruhstorfer; 282, P. zugi paratype; 283, P. clavus holotype; 284, P. forceps paratype; 285, P. pugio holotype; 286, P. (C.) spinibranchis holotype; 287, P. clavus carinata holotype; 288, P. (C.) siwi holotype; 289, P. (W.) alces holotype; 290, P. (C.) stridulans paratype; 291, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 292, P.(C.)digitataholotype; 293, P. (C.) nana paratype; 294, P. (C.) bomberi holotype; 295, hum; 296, P.(W.) raffrayi syntype one; 297, P. (C.) leopoldi after Willemse (1933)." pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 287</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FFC3A24EA3C2AFCD5778FEE2" blockId="25.[151,1437,152,758]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Titillators separate; basal parts rather broad, twisted; apical parts short-oval. Surface of apical parts densely covered with clinging hairs; apico-lateral margin faintly undulate, coarsely granular (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC3A24EA7EEAFEB5077FF1C" box="[1258,1372,190,216]" captionStart="FIGURES 302311" captionStartId="96.[151,269,1864,1888]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,195,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-91@96.[164,1421,194,1839]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="FIGURES 302311. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in ventro-apical view (302310) and view on edge of one and surface of the other titillator (311), overview: 302303, P. pallidifrons (302, lectotype; 303, male from Wanuma); 304, P. semicruciata (syntype of A. ornata); 305, P. pugio holotype; 306, P. buergersi holotype; 307, P. nomo holotype; 308, P. apicata holotype; 309, P. semicruciata coll. Dohrn (margin partly broken); 310, P. clavus holotype; 311, P. clavus carinata holotype." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs. 311</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC3A24EA66DAFEB50B3FF1C" box="[1385,1432,190,216]" captionStart="FIGURES 353361" captionStartId="101.[151,269,1891,1915]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-56@101.[155,1432,194,1868]" captionTargetPageId="101" captionText="FIGURES 353361. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in ventro-apical view showing details of apical parts: 353, P. raffrayi syntype; 354, P.clavusholotype; 355, P. clavus carinata holotype; 356357, P.uncinataholotype; 358, P.stylata holotype; 359360, P. concha holotype; 361, P. zugi holotype." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">355</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC3A24EA393AFB055E3FF3B" box="[151,200,229,255]" captionStart="FIGURES 392400" captionStartId="106.[151,269,1657,1681]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1630]" captionTargetId="figure-92@106.[155,1432,194,1633]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="FIGURES 392400. Titillators of Pseudonicsara species in dorso-proximal view: 392, P. pallidifrons male from Wanuma; 393, P. pugio holotype; 394, P. buergersi holotype; 395, P. nomo holotype; 396, P. apicata holotype; 397, P. semicruciata coll. Dohrn; 398, P. clavus holotype; 399, P. stylata holotype; 400, P. clavus carinata holotype; Abbreviations: als apico-lateral sclerite; at apical part of titillator; bt basal part of titillator; ga granular area; ms membranous sac; mt granular margin of apical part of titillator." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">400</figureCitation>
). Baso-lateral sclerite curved with quadrangular hyaline appendage. Apico-lateral sclerites forming a transparent window in the membrane.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FFC3A24EA3C2AE675784FE04" blockId="25.[151,1437,152,758]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Female. Tenth abdominal tergite furrowed in midline. Epiproct triangular with apex obtuse; surface depressed. Subgenital plate divided in midline by a triangular membranous area; resulting lateral plates bent dorsad in a nearly 90° angle; ventral surface grooved at base; apex angular, internal margin strongly concave, external margin convex (
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC3A24EA2BFAEF35707FE04" box="[443,556,422,448]" captionStart="FIGURES 445459" captionStartId="111.[151,269,1646,1670]" captionTargetBox="[155,1432,195,1618]" captionTargetId="figure-89@111.[155,1432,194,1622]" captionTargetPageId="111" captionText="FIGURES 445459. Female subgenital plate of Pseudonicsara species in ventral view: 445, P. karimui paratype; 446 447, P. semicruciata (446, syntype of A. ornata; 447, from Finschhafen); 448, P. abbreviata paratype; 449, P. wum holotype; 450, P. wau holotype; 451452, P. finister paratype (two different females); 453, P. clavus paratype; 454, P. maritima holotype; 455, P.nomoparatype; 456, P. clavus carinata paratype; 457, P. undulata paratype; 458, P. wanuma holotype; 459, P. crassicercus." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Figs. 456</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="90D72A11FFC3A24EA133AEF35788FE04" box="[567,675,422,448]" captionStart="FIGURES 493511" captionStartId="114.[151,269,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[163,1428,195,1815]" captionTargetId="figure-114@114.[163,1429,194,1816]" captionTargetPageId="114" captionText="FIGURES 493511. Female subgenital plate of Pseudonicsara species in lateral view: 493, P. semicruciata (without locality label); 494, P. wau holotype; 495, P. finister paratype; 496, P. wum holotype; 497, P. maritima holotype; 498 499, P. clavus carinata paratype (two different females); 500, P. forceps paratype; 501, P. clavus paratype; 502, P. (C.) taliabu holotype; 503, P. (C.) halmahera holotype; 504, P. (C.) wanigela holotype; 505, P. (C.) furcata paratype; 506, P. (C.) siwi paratype; 507, P. karimui paratype; 508, P. (C.) dodinga holotype; 509, P. (C.) stridulans paratype; 510, P. cervus paratype; 511, P. forceps paratype (freshly molted)." pageId="25" pageNumber="26">498499</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FFC3A24EA3C2AE985067FD9F" blockId="25.[151,1437,152,758]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFC3A24EA3C2AE98547EFE23" bold="true" box="[198,341,461,487]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Coloration.</emphasis>
Brown with remnants of green; probably green when alive. Face with black band between eyes including scapus; with another black band along clypeo-frontal suture extended on genae; scapus with dorsal area green; vertex infumate. Pronotal disc infumate, interrupted by yellowish brown round marks. Tegmen with dark cells and light veinlets. Fore tibia infumate in anterior area especially near tympana.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08533694FFC3A24EA3C2AD3D5723FD0B" blockId="25.[151,1437,152,758]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
Measurements (
<specimenCount id="1EEAFD1DFFC3A24EA28DAD3D54F5FD46" box="[393,478,616,642]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="1EEAFD1DFFC3A24EA2EBAD3D5740FD46" box="[495,619,616,642]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
): body male 30, female 2427; pronotum male 7.3, female 6.57; tegmen male 26.5, female 2425.5; hind femur male 17, female 1717.5; antenna male 80, female 105; ovipositor female
<quantity id="CF149B71FFC3A24EA268ADE05728FD0B" box="[364,515,693,719]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" unit="mm" value="16.25" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="15.5">15.517 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="40F6651FFFC3A24EA3C2AD8E5173FD32" box="[198,1112,731,758]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="08533694FFC3A24EA3C2AD8E5173FD32" blockId="25.[151,1437,152,758]" box="[198,1112,731,758]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="3A98EA86FFC3A24EA3C2AD8E5478FD31" bold="true" box="[198,339,731,757]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named for the basal carina of the internal tooth of the male cerci.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>