130 lines
22 KiB
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130 lines
22 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="24962" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.66.38022" ID-GBIF-Dataset="088c8bf5-09d1-4863-b376-7407db93f7a3" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-2-147" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EF5776BCF202539AB883F064A271DC07" ID-ZooBank="1C96C480B8BA4D63BBF468566D57EA73" ModsDocID="1860-1324-2-147" checkinTime="1573015853547" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Liebherr, James K." docDate="2019" docId="7FAECD0D2A135F919709BA7EE74701AD" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 66(2): 147-177" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 66 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.66.38022" docTitle="Tropopterus peckorum Liebherr, 2019, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="2E5BF389-1E6B-4C7D-A3CA-5ACF5E7A536F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="EF5776BCF202539AB883F064A271DC07" lastPageNumber="147" masterDocId="EF5776BCF202539AB883F064A271DC07" masterDocTitle="Revision of Tropopterus Solier: A disjunct South American component of the Australo-Pacific Moriomorphini (Coleoptera, Carabidae)" masterLastPageNumber="177" masterPageNumber="147" pageNumber="147" updateTime="1732747147562" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A64547E4029301266499C38B21D8354A">Revision of Tropopterus Solier: A disjunct South American component of the Australo-Pacific Moriomorphini (Coleoptera, Carabidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D119E254224A86A8D6D5C7417CC6A6ED">Liebherr, James K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="62A92CAA8414E01B8FA602648656AD84">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9B0EF0ED040DB2809284029790172685">Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="5B0EB0531FE742DB4652861369ADDC59">2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F8D760A7F9FC2A000485A2D5D9E83A2B">66</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="4935B2A43076D825669A5E9535AB5486">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="104B90D8E8075425C9D293B1BB47BB81" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.66.38022</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7FAECD0D2A135F919709BA7EE74701AD" ID-GBIF-Taxon="160140717" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2E5BF389-1E6B-4C7D-A3CA-5ACF5E7A536F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7FAECD0D2A135F919709BA7EE74701AD" lastPageNumber="147" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" scope_family="Carabidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_tribe="Moriomorphini">
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<subSubSection id="0BEE2CF858032BDBC5C81D49FF3A7204" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="352899EEC9AE45827A64F7B45FABCA16" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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3.
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<taxonomicName id="0EBBC454C9D175F245857995C7FE6ECB" ID-CoL="8LY4V" LSID="7FAECD0D-2A13-5F91-9709-BA7EE74701AD" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tropopterus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropopterus peckorum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="peckorum">Tropopterus peckorum</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="3E0711EC766327948A6757B1DE693D84" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="5AE66A9675E704577328CA1F3C080539" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Tropopterus spp., dorsal view; range of standardized body lengths in mm. A. T. montagnei female; Petorca Prov., Q. Tigre Zapallar, Catapilco (MNHN). B. T. giraudyi female; Valdivia Prov., Chaihuin (EMEC). C. T. peckorum male; Quillota Prov., P. N. La Campana (FMNH). D. T. robustus female; Malleco Prov., M. N. Contulmo (FMNH). E. T. canaliculus female; Malleco Prov., P. N. Nahuelbuta (FMNH). F. T. duponchelii male; Arauco Prov., Caramavida (MCZ)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354024" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure1">Figures 1C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="7D1F4E2B16F5EEAB1F8CD4B40FA28898" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Male aedeagal median lobe, left view, and antecostal apodeme and tergite of abdominal IX, dorsal view. A-B. T. giraudyi; Chili, " Tropopterus nitidus Sol. ", Chaudoir Coll. (MNHN). C, D. T. peckorum; Quillota Prov., P. N. La Campana (FMNH) (D darkened to allow viewing of teneral dissection). E-H. T. robustus; Malleco Prov., M. N. Contulmo. E-F. (CMNH). G, H. (FMNH). For abbreviations used to label structures see Table 1." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354026" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure3">3C, D</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="43FE06A2537EB5CD68FDC1E31704434B" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Paired sets of left parameres (above) and right parmeres (below), ectal view, for male specimens of Tropopterus spp. Parameres are in anatomically correct orientation with ventral surface toward bottom of drawing. A, B. T. giraudyi. A. Malleco Prov., P. N. Nahuelbuta (FMNH). B. Chili, " Tropopterus nitidus Sol. " [sic], Chaudoir Coll. (MNHN). C. T. peckorum; Quillota Prov., P. N. La Campana (FMNH). D, E. T. robustus. D. Malleco Prov., P. N. Contulmo (CMNH). E. Cautin Prov., Bellavista (CAS). F, G. T. canaliculus. F. Malleco Prov., P. N. Nahuelbuta (FMNH). G. Arauco Prov., Caramavida (NMNH). H-I. T. duponchelii. H. Talca Prov., Altos de Vilches (MNHN). I. Arauco Prov., Caramavida (MCZ). J, K. T. minimucro. J. Cautin Prov., Bellavista (EMEC). K. Llanquihue Prov. P. N. Vicente Perez Rosales (FMNH). L. T. fieldianus; Valdivia, La Union (FSCA)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354029" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure6">6C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="AA181F3256F54B7B4BA7ACB6BC08E752" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. A-I. Geographic distributions of Tropopterus spp. A. T. montagnei. B. T. giraudyi. C. T. peckorum. D. T. robustus. E. T. canaliculus. F. T. duponchelii. G. T. trisinuatus. H. T. minimucro. I. T. fieldianus. J. Geographical distributions of Tropopterus spp., labeled as per figures above, hierarchically arranged by phylogenetic relationships of the taxon cladogram, Fig. 10." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354032" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure9">9C</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="175DAADC6F151BDB0F0B0A1F58AA5E21" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Cladogram returned under all cladistic protocols described in text; tree length = 97, CI = 57, RI = 47, fast character optimization shown. Outgroup choice of Pharetis thayerae based on results in Liebherr (2020). Geographic region abbreviations after taxon name include: eastern Australia (EOZ); Santiagan entomofaunal province (San); Northern Valdivian entomofaunal province (NV); Southern Valdivian Entomofaunal province (SV)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354033" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure10">10</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A01ABCAA43BC1119CA1FBE553079FB63" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="83813DC63FE7A887590CB6F39EB0929C" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Diagnosis</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="5E977E461CB1253D407D6134FF1E6AB1" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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(
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<emphasis id="846DCDC70F00E69BDD87FDE85B621D48" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">n</emphasis>
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= 3). Beetles of this species are distinguished by their small size (standardized body length 5.5-6.0 mm) and narrow bodies. The latter is evidenced by: very flat eyes, ocular ratio = 1.30-1.33; a narrow, quadrate pronotum, MPW/PL = 1.21-1.31; and narrow, relatively flat elytra, MEW/EL = 0.66-0.68. The pronotal median base is longitudinally wrinkled near the narrow basal marginal bead, whereas the anterior margin is smooth medially, with an anterior marginal bead present only in the lateral half of each side. The sutural stria is evident as a series of minute, isolated punctures on the elytral disc, whereas it is effaced on the elytral apex. The elytral basal groove is present, continuous from laterad the parascutellar seta to the obtuse angle where it joins the lateral marginal depression. Ventrally the prosternum is broadly flattened to slightly depressed medially anterad the prosternal process, and the mesepisternum bears 7 or 8 linearly arranged punctures in the dorsoventral depression. The vertex is glossy, the pronotum glossy with indistinct transverse lines, and the elytral disc is covered with an elongate transverse mesh, the sculpticells 2
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<normalizedToken id="7AD9FE419E5856C3F78191D8065C1EDF" originalValue="–4×">-4x</normalizedToken>
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as broad as long.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="44F240006C06317D01D3868A779841D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="description">
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<paragraph id="A6F097756E9CE93B1306B2E85D96C4D9" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CFAD4B8D4CCAD56E733D68FF8D624976" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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Head capsule narrow; eyes flat, ocular lobe little-protruded, compound eye covering 0.82-0.83 length of ocular lobe, 18-20 ommatidia across horizontal diameter of eye; antennomeres broadened apically, moderately elongate, antennomere 9 length 1.83
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<normalizedToken id="79D599008E0566645D80F3F65CE91F5F" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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greatest diameter; mandibles elongate, distance from anterior condyle to apex of left mandible 1.91
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<normalizedToken id="408CBB425AFED3394D9AC75611E80C80" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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distance from condyle to lateroapical margin of labrum; mentum basal breadth 2.86
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<normalizedToken id="E0325419C8C5BF29267DAF84C28DDD1E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length from lateral apex to base, paramedial pits deep; ligular apex truncate, broad, two setae separated by three setal diameters; paraglossae extended as far beyond ligular margin as distance from paraglossal base to ligular margin. Pronotum relatively narrow, lateral margins straight to slightly sinuate before right to slightly acute hind angles; anterior transverse impression broad and shallow across width; front angles only slightly protruded; lateral marginal depression narrowest at midlength, slightly broader at front angle, broadened progressively toward hind angle; lateral seta separated from lateral marginal depression by one diameter of articulatory socket; laterobasal depression quadrate, oblique with deep inner groove and upraised tubercle in middle of depression. Elytra smooth, striae 2-4 traceable on disc as longitudinal series of minute lenticular punctures, striae 5-7 obsolete; stria 8 present anteriorly near posterior portion of anterior lateral setal series, very shallow at midlength, and deep, continuous inside posterior setal series; lateral marginal depression broad, lined with transverse sculpticells; subapical sinuation broad, shallow, elytral plica evident in lateral view. Metepisternum equitrapezoidal, the maximal width and lateral length subequal; metasternal process rounded apically, apex broadly and the side narrowly upraised in a lateral bead. Abdominal ventrites 3-6 broadly depressed laterally, suture between ventrites 1 and 2 nearly straight, surface of ventrite 2 depressed within slight sinuation; anterior margins of ventrites 4-6 depressed, intersegmental membranes punctate; female apical abdominal ventrite with two setae each side, four shorter medial setae arranged in an apically broader trapezoid. Body coloration pale (specimens appear teneral), concolorous rufobrunneous, legs not paler; ventral surface concolorous, with elytral epipleura, metepisternum, and apical half of ventrite 6 paler, rufoflavous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="715DC3D27A62F276A57959F3724CB1E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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Male genitalia (
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<emphasis id="C6E7A63C04A84912620A57207F558CB6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">n</emphasis>
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= 1). Aedeagal median lobe broadest dorsoventrally at base, narrowed slightly to a narrowly rounded apex (
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<figureCitation id="B0FF7F241B4A59B01FCC8F5E3C425BB6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Male aedeagal median lobe, left view, and antecostal apodeme and tergite of abdominal IX, dorsal view. A-B. T. giraudyi; Chili, " Tropopterus nitidus Sol. ", Chaudoir Coll. (MNHN). C, D. T. peckorum; Quillota Prov., P. N. La Campana (FMNH) (D darkened to allow viewing of teneral dissection). E-H. T. robustus; Malleco Prov., M. N. Contulmo. E-F. (CMNH). G, H. (FMNH). For abbreviations used to label structures see Table 1." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354026" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure3">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
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); internal sac with a sclerotized flagellar complex (teneral specimen), with a putative, short flagellum visible. Antecostal apodeme of abdominal IX narrowly rounded, the apex not extended beyond lateral arms (
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<figureCitation id="2B15C70037CD48A99E77A6C549B90011" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Male aedeagal median lobe, left view, and antecostal apodeme and tergite of abdominal IX, dorsal view. A-B. T. giraudyi; Chili, " Tropopterus nitidus Sol. ", Chaudoir Coll. (MNHN). C, D. T. peckorum; Quillota Prov., P. N. La Campana (FMNH) (D darkened to allow viewing of teneral dissection). E-H. T. robustus; Malleco Prov., M. N. Contulmo. E-F. (CMNH). G, H. (FMNH). For abbreviations used to label structures see Table 1." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354026" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure3">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
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, although teneral specimen may not have sclerotized fully to attain mature configuration; e.g.
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<bibRefCitation id="9F5A9E378C128DA03A16816BF3D77D60" author="Song, H" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="181 - 191" refId="B61" refString="Song, H, 2004. Post-adult emergence development of genitalic structures in Schistocerca Stal and Locusta L. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 106: 181 - 191" title="Post-adult emergence development of genitalic structures in Schistocerca Stal and Locusta L." volume="106" year="2004">Song 2004</bibRefCitation>
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). Right paramere elongate, slightly broader at midlength with broadly rounded apex, two longer apical setae complemented by eight setae along ventral margin and several very small setae on the dorsoapical surface (
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<figureCitation id="6DB0C240AF7729D95C0B143B1249425C" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Paired sets of left parameres (above) and right parmeres (below), ectal view, for male specimens of Tropopterus spp. Parameres are in anatomically correct orientation with ventral surface toward bottom of drawing. A, B. T. giraudyi. A. Malleco Prov., P. N. Nahuelbuta (FMNH). B. Chili, " Tropopterus nitidus Sol. " [sic], Chaudoir Coll. (MNHN). C. T. peckorum; Quillota Prov., P. N. La Campana (FMNH). D, E. T. robustus. D. Malleco Prov., P. N. Contulmo (CMNH). E. Cautin Prov., Bellavista (CAS). F, G. T. canaliculus. F. Malleco Prov., P. N. Nahuelbuta (FMNH). G. Arauco Prov., Caramavida (NMNH). H-I. T. duponchelii. H. Talca Prov., Altos de Vilches (MNHN). I. Arauco Prov., Caramavida (MCZ). J, K. T. minimucro. J. Cautin Prov., Bellavista (EMEC). K. Llanquihue Prov. P. N. Vicente Perez Rosales (FMNH). L. T. fieldianus; Valdivia, La Union (FSCA)." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354029" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure6">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
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); left paramere broad basally, with short narrow apical extension that bears two longer apical setae plus several very small subapical setae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="910BE6AD91546ECEB18B6E4097034B4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Holotype male (FMNH): CHILE: Quillota Prov. / Olmue, La Campana / N.P., 2.XII.1984 // FMHD#85-889, / hygrophilous forest / leaf litter, S.&J. / Peck, P#85-4, Berlese / FIELD MUSEUM NAT. HIST. // Tropopterus / Measured / Specimen #2 / det. J.K. Liebherr 2019 // HOLOTYPE / Tropopterus / peckorum/ J.K. Liebherr 2019 (black-margined red label).</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6559847678131E3B048509AD934F3982" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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Paratypes: Chile: Quillota Prov., P. N. La Campana (Sector Granizo),
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<normalizedToken id="D9B19F2AD5849016210ED9508E21AAE8" originalValue="Cajón">Cajon</normalizedToken>
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La Opositora, 685 m el.,
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<geoCoordinate id="4FB2BD474DC32CBE5C8AC70C73FC29C1" degrees="32" direction="south" minutes="58.80" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="-32.98">32°58.80'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="3F6AFF0333D3527DC7E0CFD45C901516" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="06.93" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="-71.1155">71°06.93'W</geoCoordinate>
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, 29.
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<normalizedToken id="BE30A834F90AA2CCC3193C719D796678" originalValue="xi–">xi-</normalizedToken>
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29.xii.2002, sclerophyll forest,?w/
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<taxonomicName id="2D78A81894D7E37D6A319E4FC9849E33" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nothofagus obliqua" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obliqua">
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<emphasis id="780F0D5631F0889899C0B69DDF9C0280" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Nothofagus obliqua</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, FMHD#2002-019, flight intercept trap, Thayer, Newton, Solodovnikov, 1045, FIELD MUSEUM NAT. HIST. (FMNH, 2)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="2C0C19E52EFC52E3F8413F8F9E9A836B" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="AFA3165C5192012F85BC0D9F737E9707" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C289ECA1B2A9316872EAF94989BD2270" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">This species is named to honor Stewart Peck and Jarmila Kukalova-Peck for their immense contributions to systematic entomology, and their numerous discoveries of Austral biodiversity.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="049A83443EEB690E873904B5B626F749" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="AF2E521D4CBE831608FE289BAFEFFAFD" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E15F18A8F5430ABA28FC23B356201DFE" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">
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This species is known from localities in the Santiagan entomofaunal province (
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<bibRefCitation id="47EEF9416ED64EC13D9A2C4618019BB2" author="O'Brien, CW" journalOrPublisher="Entomological News" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" pagination="197 - 207" refId="B53" refString="O'Brien, CW, 1971. The biogeography of Chile through entomofaunal regions. Entomological News 82: 197 - 207" title="The biogeography of Chile through entomofaunal regions." volume="82" year="1971">
|
||
<normalizedToken id="035F48FD8679DEFB4FFC3B3C7EAE09D2" originalValue="O’Brien">O'Brien</normalizedToken>
|
||
1971
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) at latitudes near 33°S (
|
||
<figureCitation id="1E73585BD45D34BDE427A6473F6F6BEA" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. A-I. Geographic distributions of Tropopterus spp. A. T. montagnei. B. T. giraudyi. C. T. peckorum. D. T. robustus. E. T. canaliculus. F. T. duponchelii. G. T. trisinuatus. H. T. minimucro. I. T. fieldianus. J. Geographical distributions of Tropopterus spp., labeled as per figures above, hierarchically arranged by phylogenetic relationships of the taxon cladogram, Fig. 10." figureDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/354032" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" tableDoi="10.3897/dez.66.38022.figure9">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
|
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). Both collecting events are associated with ground-level microhabitats, either in forest litter via Berlese sifting, or in an octopus-baited carrion trap in sclerophyll forest with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA2BC76313772E798BAD05CA9C57FDB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nothofagus obliqua" order="Fagales" pageId="0" pageNumber="147" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obliqua">
|
||
<emphasis id="79743F6E881E8D9D2AAC142C4B6892A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="147">Nothofagus obliqua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Brisseau de Mirbel).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |