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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861" ID-GBIF-Dataset="364558cf-522a-4be7-9889-19bd67f09710" ID-PMC="PMC8825427" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-86-103" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A01C7A233CD154D4BAB919D837A687B2" ID-PubMed="35145339" ModsDocID="1314-4049-86-103" checkinTime="1643737480241" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Torres-Garcia, Daniel, Gene, Josepa &amp; Garcia, Dania" docDate="2022" docId="7EBA0ECDCC5C2C3ADA4CDADA8ECA4423" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 86: 103-145" docOrigin="MycoKeys 86" docPubDate="2022-02-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861" docTitle="Penicillium ausonanum Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="A01C7A233CD154D4BAB919D837A687B2" lastPageNumber="103" masterDocId="A01C7A233CD154D4BAB919D837A687B2" masterDocTitle="New and interesting species of Penicillium (Eurotiomycetes, Aspergillaceae) in freshwater sediments from Spain" masterLastPageNumber="145" masterPageNumber="103" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1732488755257" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="CC70E8BFB0D08DE0273A093D537D943F" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="682F1724DADA8D1F2703777E67EDCD44">
<mods:title id="11A9343BDE242D95464D7DF1450234A8">New and interesting species of Penicillium (Eurotiomycetes, Aspergillaceae) in freshwater sediments from Spain</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="85D0885265DD1AFD1106B39B7C7B7E7A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F98AF0DA3BCF29CA87628339138A9443">
<mods:roleTerm id="E70F403BC27D93B0BC6DC3D9EB0E1C08">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="15C76E53CC1D2755F4A9A01B1088DAB6">Torres-Garcia, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9ED067701BCB69E2D5E38A687951E23E">Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut and IISPV, 43201 - Reus, Spain</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="20649283689A06756DB9BBA297DD6D06" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8ACB9AE04C61ACA35080211EB0F82181">
<mods:roleTerm id="F193A4D82262AC95D67EADEED5593A0F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="942FD7E17C3E346089A1BAC6E9F5B682">Gene, Josepa</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E150143A7DC10FAF2A357F0237E74DCD" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6195-9299</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="907CBD2D227B2FE44D3DB4A392DD4FD9">Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut and IISPV, 43201 - Reus, Spain</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0DC6BC5F2A4210347B65283C435E0877" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5BAC45D42BF13E75E3C74D28885E7DE6">
<mods:roleTerm id="3F756F961823EE9729E3ED88B1EB9671">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="049A632147B384049290B4DE8CEACA0E">Garcia, Dania</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6419CA080C2A6960D7CDA34116328611">Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Unitat de Micologia, Facultat de Medicina i Ciencies de la Salut and IISPV, 43201 - Reus, Spain</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="24AF1A749A81646737A66E86317D524A" type="email">dania.garcias@urv.cat</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="D960936B12D9D0D9E69C75CF6EFD9836">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="0054342774109D4F852607EC5DA328BA">
<mods:title id="299D87D0111161B9C8C5D0E4FBFFE167">MycoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="D29802F5080D54E597B5FCAAF004CBA9">
<mods:date id="1CD494FB8DA582535D00B417BF9643B7">2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="725F6FEC0ECFCDFB031542262F34FC62" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="922791CBB9ED9D27405518DED80FBE64">2022-02-01</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="EE2D5203EAE41B2A23B1B1EFE3C0FB76" type="volume">
<mods:number id="3B29501CE11DF438E81C10EEA0BA3924">86</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="B158DC0E608EADD779AADC2140A03869" unit="page">
<mods:start id="E6A0D3FC212979A0C3A4D82F38178879">103</mods:start>
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<mods:location id="C302192D0A73086014B32B415C985395">
<mods:url id="EFA03875741B388F7C8B069FEB5C89F4">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="944C84A1AE46AC412B8E953F42866682">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="ACD424BD4D2FE477437C95C7E68DC98D" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="360BE6E69D4BE5CAEF82E9AFF4152DA5" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-4049-86-103</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DFF13AE7E35350C04F2D8E3A1917934B" type="Pensoft-UUID">A01C7A233CD154D4BAB919D837A687B2</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="7EBA0ECDCC5C2C3ADA4CDADA8ECA4423" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193243887" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7EBA0ECDCC5C2C3ADA4CDADA8ECA4423" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7EBA0ECDCC5C2C3ADA4CDADA8ECA4423" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" scope_class="Eurotiomycetes" scope_family="Aspergillaceae">
<subSubSection id="64AB77B825E64D47FE176F93CA5ACEDA" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1EA3FB9513A6323ADA61EC7803B44F96" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="9EEB035F39B3A3C8BE28AB0B72968EB2" ID-CoL="B2MLB" LSID="840556" authority="Torres-Garcia, Gené and Dania García" authorityName="Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia" authorityYear="2022" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium ausonanum" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ausonanum" status="sp. nov.">
Penicillium ausonanum Torres-Garcia,
<normalizedToken id="FA96CF45336BFFE9849EEACDDC417739" originalValue="Gené">Gene</normalizedToken>
and Dania
<normalizedToken id="6ADFA1F8220D2DCD3D40122F93A7A184" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A0DBB01A9B62ECBD28DD20593050F8A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="17E1E7BE90DDD5C0674266B3CF59626E" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph id="85A89C187A0EF39A9218733C9BBB25C9" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<figureCitation id="754548EAA4F760C672D5B319EEA865AB" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Morphological characters of Penicillium ausonanum sp. nov. (ex-type FMR 16948). A colonies from left to right (top row) CYA, MEA, YES, and OA; (bottom row) CYA reverse, MEA reverse, DG 18, and CREA B colony on OA under stereoscopic magnifying glass C-H conidiophores I conidia. Scale Bars: 25 μm (C), 10 μm (D-I)." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/640608" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figure 9</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EAC48168B89B751AF088BCCA56C6E7D4" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="4FB54AD3AA4BFFDD31F638729EEE7618" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="51A3C1AE3D6BD337092F585E07D44C1E" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
Referring to
<taxonomicName id="9A03A231EF326E6AC2A67A41E8FFC173" genus="Ausona" lsidName="Ausona" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9DF0B6D817E14D7AA57A63500D47C66F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Ausona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Osona), the region of Catalonia where the fungus was collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="94937A8AFB50E184BF17A4B0FD8A18B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="BA3E0DE7D2888A9C20425B9CE6396DA5" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<typeStatus id="93740190FA50343D2B794040F998C353">Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D46AA77E4ACA460C9DF24D87F5C1AA4" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<materialsCitation id="13EA54695C3FBA2DFAC39DBC0D5DA8CF" accessionNumber="FMR 16948" collectingDate="2018-11" collectorName="E. Carvalho, J. Gene" country="Spain" county="Osona" location="Malafogassa" municipality="Guilleries-Savassona Natural Park" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Catalonia" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F58B6E405C56C10633AEEB7FFF8A531B" name="Spain">Spain</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="CAB1A1EEFC00A01B7C1C83394A1AA757" country="Spain" name="Catalunya">Catalonia</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="87CD398DDCDD6C625A6C94FA11F6C277">Osona</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="54E5973DE1AA65C6D34A6EA1C253B8A6">Guilleries-Savassona Natural Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="71C22DEAC615FDE96447A4929853FB0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7EBA0ECDCC5C2C3ADA4CDADA8ECA4423:71C22DEAC615FDE96447A4929853FB0F" country="Spain" county="Osona" municipality="Guilleries-Savassona Natural Park" name="Malafogassa" stateProvince="Catalonia">Malafogassa</location>
,
<location id="F941E55A604CE59C9D561A5D5633A7E6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7EBA0ECDCC5C2C3ADA4CDADA8ECA4423:F941E55A604CE59C9D561A5D5633A7E6" country="Spain" county="Osona" municipality="Guilleries-Savassona Natural Park" name="Major Stream" stateProvince="Catalonia">Major Stream</location>
, from sediments,
<collectingDate id="0E2F3379C0EB1D9D1D3001A38B3A0436" value="2018-11">Nov. 2018</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis id="4431E64D92EF603440A1ED239D647D10" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<collectorName id="893381EA5E647B3BDD1A1E4B6EE3250D">E. Carvalho</collectorName>
</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis id="974E7426EC584CA6BE2839A58DA4B070" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<collectorName id="B44A0D0E7668AF057D752AA25900C9D6">
J.
<normalizedToken id="5830E9913BFBF0B0A784486ABC2F98E9" originalValue="Gené">Gene</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="21E683527DB70F3DC9133948774EFFF1" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<typeStatus id="B4A316ACB4E3C15E3F8E65237357F141">holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
CBS H-24781, cultures ex-type CBS 148237 =
<accessionNumber id="31C982646FDE7CA60DEE16CF242C253C" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FMR16948">FMR 16948</accessionNumber>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="6B725FCC20CE270D719633DE97D8E661" doi="10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/640608" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph id="5C1AAAB37E0D00A0B9E0F1E8C8F2E39F" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="3FD39B732199F528F6958BCE0B93D348" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Figure 9.</emphasis>
Morphological characters of
<taxonomicName id="43D546C271C094632FFB488F98E9BA03" authorityName="Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia" authorityYear="2022" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium ausonanum" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ausonanum">
<emphasis id="367303CE4F13472BAB8ECBE506F1E4D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Penicillium ausonanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (ex-type
<accessionNumber id="5C40BD2E812B440300FB9D8E38321A5F" httpUri="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/protein/FMR16948">FMR 16948</accessionNumber>
).
<emphasis id="48AB7DB99EAEBF8FBFD498D77B59626B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">A</emphasis>
colonies from left to right (top row) CYA, MEA, YES, and OA; (bottom row) CYA reverse, MEA reverse, DG18, and CREA
<emphasis id="8D20714DEFF5EFD7AD7FDFB45BF4DB89" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">B</emphasis>
colony on OA under stereoscopic magnifying glass
<emphasis id="8B4A4F9D06484CC2B717455ECD97E06D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">C-H</emphasis>
conidiophores
<emphasis id="0D70E03A03435E533A1F315C14DD7FD2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">I</emphasis>
conidia. Scale Bars: 25
<normalizedToken id="908A26DED574C9DF2A41F0E6487860AF" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="0DC913C63C6D29CBC35B92170E6A6419" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">C</emphasis>
), 10
<normalizedToken id="3710D4F17AE89E8400D05B67B7A91720" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="0AC411F9F85885A6C3E143E13525D0F0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">D-I</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B97ADCFF40D4606C371322F3CBF43FE7" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="subgeneric classification">
<paragraph id="FF6859B5BD10D75B52CFD56F1AFDFF9F" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Subgeneric classification.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5ED2417632F2D12D814F23D3E0C74474" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
Subgenus
<taxonomicName id="4B729F7343075095927D676D0FC74CD5" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium (Aspergilloides)" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Aspergilloides">Penicillium Aspergilloides</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B64589461CFE3EFF8FED73B490528C49" authority="Lanata-Divaricata" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium subsp. section" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="section" section="Lanata-Divaricata">Penicillium section Lanata-Divaricata</taxonomicName>
, series
<taxonomicName id="0C8F5F12C119CF30E46B9503CD974967" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="series" series="Dalearum">
<emphasis id="6ABFF7A785E0B70D5347D96FEDBD6DC4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Penicillium Dalearum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E29CAAFF6AECC1348904AC65E31E1C9C" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph id="05E69FCA9D2CCF0AE911ED5870D93664" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B78C11D7A7B561BA55A92463067D8F3E" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="0C9F68A7D5AD0D73EECE66DF4B7D219F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Mycelium</emphasis>
superficial and immersed, composed of septate, smooth-walled, hyaline hyphae, 2-3
<normalizedToken id="794E2C02394BB0B9ECA362B31F5799CA" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide.
<emphasis id="D8D9A9ECC94DAAF6D59F6452345C6653" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Conidiophores</emphasis>
monoverticillate and divaricate, minor proportion biverticillate;
<emphasis id="39FFA938F9CBD3CD11AB2BB58B903077" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">stipes</emphasis>
smooth-walled, 20-120
<normalizedToken id="61D4CDF25AF401B91824C504EE8F0AA0" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-2.5
<normalizedToken id="A58FAB333A37AB8C3C4F76C0AC401EEB" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
;
<emphasis id="DDEC53B86B3CE01893189E02C8D53E60" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">metulae</emphasis>
slightly appressed to divergent, mostly 2, occasionally 3 per stipe, 10-18
<normalizedToken id="D37ECC07FF347FAF08D220FA2BAE9437" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3
<normalizedToken id="E09E6F609A7B9F7B44B9D6A2B1B1C2A4" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
, occasionally a solitary phialide borne on the same level as metulae;
<emphasis id="550BDAE6769A1CA394E78E11013CC7FF" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">phialides</emphasis>
2-5 per stipe/metula, ampulliform to cylindrical, 9-12
<normalizedToken id="A43E1DC7128AD2681BDDCC774DD70742" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3
<normalizedToken id="7B0EE410464E1565939C891A3AC2AC68" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
;
<emphasis id="97D640D896529F6D1F75EC5F8321F915" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">conidia</emphasis>
smooth-walled, globose to subglobose, 2-3
<normalizedToken id="F198E6D39B173DD32FA593DD7142092B" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-3
<normalizedToken id="08F5E4E2A8B891F065CD2223BA0FCC63" originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2EBBE130B5D87CD76FA5A49DA16DA363" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph id="89D260735E73E4496EECE208EE3BEB08" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Culture characteristics (14 d at 25 °C).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5D684391CD3CF292B3A64A1F07110DBF" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Colonies on CYA, 58-59 mm diam., slightly radially and concentrically sulcate, velvety to floccose, whitish (5A1), margins regular and slightly fimbriate, sporulation absent to sparse, when present conidial masses brownish gray (6C2); reverse grayish yellow (4B4); little production of exudates hyaline, soluble pigment absent. On MEA, 61-62 mm diam., slightly raised, floccose, white (3A1), margins fimbriate, sporulation absent to sparse, conidial masses brownish gray (5E3); reverse light yellow (4A4); exudate absent, soluble pigment absent. On YES, 67-71 mm diam., slightly raised, radially sulcate, randomly furrowed as well, velvety to floccose, dull yellow (3B3) at center and white (3B1) towards periphery, margins slightly fimbriate, sporulation absent to sparse, conidial masses grayish to dull green (25C4-5C); reverse brownish yellow (5C8), exudates and soluble pigment absent. On OA, 63-65 mm diam., slightly raised, white (3A1) with gray (3E1) to olive (3F3) areas, velvety, margins slightly fimbriate, sporulation abundant, conidial masses grayish to dull green (25C5-D5); reverse grayish-yellow (3B5); exudates and soluble pigment absent. On DG18, 10-12 mm diam., randomly furrowed at the center, radially sulcate towards periphery, velvety, yellowish gray (2B2), margins entire, sporulation absent to sparse, conidial masses grayish to dull green (25C4-5C); reverse grayish yellow (2C3); exudates and soluble pigment absent. On CREA, 61-63 mm diam., slightly raised, floccose, gray (4B1) at center to yellowish gray (4B2) and white (4A1) towards periphery, margins slightly fimbriate, sporulation abundant, conidial masses brownish gray (6C2); reverse vivid yellow (3A8); exudates absent, acid production strong.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D49B80E85B1E986DFEC70E4A8EE337E6" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="colony diameter on cya after 7d (mm)">
<paragraph id="F271C4B3D1C95D34CE62F0142BD0052A" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Colony diameter on CYA after 7d (mm).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A58D4CC5C1A40EA5E1FCF82A3501BBCE" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">5 °C 3-2, 15 °C 41-43, 20 °C 46-48, 30 °C 56-57, 35 °C 50-51, 37 °C 38-39, 40 °C no growth.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9C6BE30444A30D911292CA97C34194D7" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6A1545FD05A8FA45EA5861138508F695" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E5593BE2E86B52B5267175963F230A20" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Spain.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0F00E1D77A0F0BB19319506F333EBFC2" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="notes">
<paragraph id="3588866466E54DA8811AFE8BBDE72975" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F6683618E0444D569722DB55DD30DD3" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="F47C3EFC9F8E8ECAF03EA0B6D0B15DFB" authorityName="Torres-Garcia, Gene and Dania Garcia" authorityYear="2022" class="Eurotiomycetes" family="Aspergillaceae" genus="Penicillium" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Penicillium ausonanum" order="Eurotiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ausonanum">
<emphasis id="7ECD18BFEFA763CF32820E06FE89B93D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Penicillium ausonanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
formed a phylogenetically supported group together with
<taxonomicName id="352489476B8EAFAB6308FF57270AD469" lsidName="P. amphipolaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="amphipolaria">
<emphasis id="59B41B978A87BABC58226A62C7DB5090" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. amphipolaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="D58B2086638168FB2D7F2DC0A17ED500" lsidName="P. viridissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="viridissimum">
<emphasis id="7EEAAABB5F6044C3F63F4D1F7AF94F2C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. viridissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in series
<taxonomicName id="6D58D93AA44E23D2CFD3380C4D5AFFE4" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="series" series="Dalearum">
<emphasis id="889AEF3D6F0CBE851CA5787FD21EBC0F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Dalearum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="F51669E8D44CF6B172815BA04BBBF819" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Phylogenetic tree of Penicillium section Lanata-Divaricata based on ML analysis obtained by RAxML inferred from the combined tub 2, cmdA, ITS, and rpb 2 loci. Branch lengths are proportional to phylogenetic distance. Bootstrap support values / Bayesian posterior probability scores above 70 % / 0.95 are indicated on the nodes. Bold branches indicate bs / pp values 100 / 1. The tree is rooted to P. restrictum CBS 367.48 and P. corylophilum CBS 312.48. The name in red is the new species described in this study. T = Ex-type strain." figureDoi="10.3897/mycokeys.86.73861.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/640605" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">6</figureCitation>
). These are two species recently described, the former from soil in Antarctica and Canada, and the latter from acidic and forest soil from China (
<bibRefCitation id="1EA8D6A3ED19AD462C86D1F04B312A0A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X691627" author="Visagie, CM" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="247 - 280" refId="B90" refString="Visagie, CM, Renaud, JB, Burgess, KMN, Malloch, DW, Clark, D, Ketch, L, Urb, M, Louis-Seize, G, Assabgui, R, Sumarah, MW, Seifert, KA, 2016a. Fifteen new species of Penicillium. Persoonia 36: 247 - 280, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X691627" title="Fifteen new species of Penicillium." url="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X691627" volume="36" year="2016 a">Visagie et al. 2016a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="0DE7BB96CEC5D0457721E9A0DB93BA90" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12365" author="Diao, YZ" journalOrPublisher="Cladistics" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="514 - 549" refId="B12" refString="Diao, YZ, Chen, Q, Jiang, XZ, Houbraken, J, Barbosa, RN, Cai, L, Wu, WP, 2019. Penicillium section Lanata-Divaricata from acidic soil. Cladistics 35: 514 - 549, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12365" title="Penicillium section Lanata-Divaricata from acidic soil." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12365" volume="35" year="2019">Diao et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
). The new species can be morphologically differentiated from them by its equal proportion of monoverticillate and divaricate conidiophores, which are mostly with a complex branching pattern in
<taxonomicName id="494ADAA4BF4409F146A1038FF37FD27C" lsidName="P. amphipolaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="amphipolaria">
<emphasis id="54C7F404725A10263C453CF6DB3E40FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. amphipolaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(biverticillate and divaricate) (
<bibRefCitation id="6D8ADCF1DC288C128AC2C6EF84636EEE" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X691627" author="Visagie, CM" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="247 - 280" refId="B90" refString="Visagie, CM, Renaud, JB, Burgess, KMN, Malloch, DW, Clark, D, Ketch, L, Urb, M, Louis-Seize, G, Assabgui, R, Sumarah, MW, Seifert, KA, 2016a. Fifteen new species of Penicillium. Persoonia 36: 247 - 280, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X691627" title="Fifteen new species of Penicillium." url="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X691627" volume="36" year="2016 a">Visagie et al. 2016a</bibRefCitation>
), and mono- to terverticillate in
<taxonomicName id="2D3767F398343CB5467D9BA3DC025244" lsidName="P. viridissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="viridissimum">
<emphasis id="8748F7CAD4605534D28D7C41856E42EE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. viridissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="CEC97E16E43701B166522A3E1713BAF0" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12365" author="Diao, YZ" journalOrPublisher="Cladistics" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="514 - 549" refId="B12" refString="Diao, YZ, Chen, Q, Jiang, XZ, Houbraken, J, Barbosa, RN, Cai, L, Wu, WP, 2019. Penicillium section Lanata-Divaricata from acidic soil. Cladistics 35: 514 - 549, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12365" title="Penicillium section Lanata-Divaricata from acidic soil." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12365" volume="35" year="2019">Diao et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
). Both
<taxonomicName id="1AB3EC42CC35383D81BFEDC0D1CBA2B2" lsidName="P. amphipolaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="amphipolaria">
<emphasis id="777958D2D1A28CB10C78AABAE3CC668F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. amphipolaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(6.5-10
<normalizedToken id="62F30C3CDABCE7C19E36A468722FCAE0" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) and
<taxonomicName id="0E4204FEBF2ACA939F05A9018B21C0F1" lsidName="P. viridissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="viridissimum">
<emphasis id="595CC0F1C9921DD7D3BEDF3DB73F62E2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. viridissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(6.5-10
<normalizedToken id="6503BA2B29EC32B523465D5EE65633C6" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) have slightly shorter phialides than
<taxonomicName id="212FF1C5D409D0A05F2B68C1CF70D349" lsidName="P. ausonanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="ausonanum">
<emphasis id="340ACD18FF0062EDD70F1FB0256AA6F2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. ausonanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(9-12
<normalizedToken id="2B8A5C918594679D93395E99A1D4C12F" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
). Also,
<taxonomicName id="A260B361606E3FB80AC09CB6FE99DDB8" lsidName="P. amphipolaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="amphipolaria">
<emphasis id="ADAC41E4C9CBE017829AA2DA1DF8B6C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. amphipolaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(240-460
<normalizedToken id="F98DAFA1402D45B41B415FCA4DE95683" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) and
<taxonomicName id="E4E3432550F9ABF39A8CF0158323B7BD" lsidName="P. viridissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="viridissimum">
<emphasis id="9CD3C07EB9E39F2073818624917B69A4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. viridissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(40-125
<normalizedToken id="AABF006DD77BE2CD0289E67DC6878128" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
) have longer stipes (
<bibRefCitation id="4CD0F05B777990C8605898F0E2C1D5F1" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X691627" author="Visagie, CM" journalOrPublisher="Persoonia" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="247 - 280" refId="B90" refString="Visagie, CM, Renaud, JB, Burgess, KMN, Malloch, DW, Clark, D, Ketch, L, Urb, M, Louis-Seize, G, Assabgui, R, Sumarah, MW, Seifert, KA, 2016a. Fifteen new species of Penicillium. Persoonia 36: 247 - 280, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X691627" title="Fifteen new species of Penicillium." url="https://doi.org/10.3767/003158516X691627" volume="36" year="2016 a">Visagie et al. 2016a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EE8979E11DC5C8B56E5166295BD0CB7A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12365" author="Diao, YZ" journalOrPublisher="Cladistics" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" pagination="514 - 549" refId="B12" refString="Diao, YZ, Chen, Q, Jiang, XZ, Houbraken, J, Barbosa, RN, Cai, L, Wu, WP, 2019. Penicillium section Lanata-Divaricata from acidic soil. Cladistics 35: 514 - 549, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12365" title="Penicillium section Lanata-Divaricata from acidic soil." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/cla.12365" volume="35" year="2019">Diao et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
) in comparison to those of
<taxonomicName id="0D12A12135B957686519EE3C4F30135A" lsidName="P. ausonanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="ausonanum">
<emphasis id="BF0E9F4B865D5FB21C9AC2AF3113BC69" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. ausonanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(20-120
<normalizedToken id="906DF21DBC2FCFEAD1861DD5D9D97B84" originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
). Furthermore, the three species also differed in acid production on CREA, which is strong in
<taxonomicName id="9717280F7EF344AF832A1D1F03097C95" lsidName="P. ausonanum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="ausonanum">
<emphasis id="9C8F2F38EAF6E0BCE4A90AAFEDEA951A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. ausonanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, moderate in
<taxonomicName id="4E48AD2E2D4F5743253B8B90CBD16FB6" lsidName="P. amphipolaria" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="amphipolaria">
<emphasis id="B96DEE352685FB2A8C40B78598E1AEA4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. amphipolaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and absent in the neighboring species
<taxonomicName id="C759D1A94D7D4F02BFA9749C58DCFF4B" lsidName="P. viridissimum" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" rank="species" species="viridissimum">
<emphasis id="A4232B7A25236AE1E8F6B511B16EFDF8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">P. viridissimum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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