288 lines
34 KiB
XML
288 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="051A4D2F7532141EE0C1452AF58550AE" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.958.2659" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13758948" ID-ZooBank="6FFE3969-D8EF-4082-9107-F98187116C28" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1726227020474" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Colombo, Wesley D. & Azevedo, Celso O." docDate="2024" docId="7E5987A7FF98B15AE56FFDE6F59BFDAD" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2024.958.1-47.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 958 (1)" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2659/12299" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Megaprosternum pentagonal Azevedo 2006" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="35" masterDocId="8260FFDFFFB8B178E761FFABF44DFFE4" masterDocTitle="Revision of the strongly flattened Megaprosternum Azevedo (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1726227497903" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="757FBAB86CF1CE7D514023841DAA1554">
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<mods:title id="C227281A7F7F43FFFF4766665656E403">Revision of the strongly flattened Megaprosternum Azevedo (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5FF6D875EF3F138261FBF0B203F84CBE">Colombo, Wesley D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="4759BD00C57A59FE83A086407086C6BF">Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29.075 - 910, Vitória, ES, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="5076E096459493B182391C6A49BE6569" type="email">wesleycolombo@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="EC3D81F0BDAC0A97C6312B43B2F74096">Azevedo, Celso O.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6546930DC955CBE0C36615B7608F555A">Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Av. Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29.075 - 910, Vitória, ES, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="A23BE65F57E613C526F30451D39159FE" type="email">bethylidae@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="E032DCEF0DF51D463527BF1C8B6CD179">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3C96602276155088B09DED08A5F2FEC9">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="BEEA653AFF98B158E56FFDE6F06BFD82" box="[526,1062,588,615]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E56FFDE6F06BFD82" blockId="32.[526,1062,588,615]" box="[526,1062,588,615]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="AD0781DDFF98B158E56FFDE6F06BFD82" box="[526,1062,588,615]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="2">
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<taxonomicName id="31F04D32FF98B158E56FFDE6F06BFD82" authority="Azevedo, 2006" authorityName="Azevedo" authorityYear="2006" box="[526,1062,588,615]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Megaprosternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentagonal">
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<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF98B158E56FFDE6F720FD83" bold="true" box="[526,877,588,615]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Megaprosternum pentagonal</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="92614B40FF98B158E415FDE7F06BFD82" author="Azevedo C. O." box="[884,1062,588,614]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref18876" refString="Azevedo C. O. 2006. Two new genera of Sclerodermini (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae, Epyrinae) with large scolebythid-like prosternums. Zootaxa 1191: 35 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1191.1.3 Azevedo C. O. & Colombo W. D. 2022 a. Revision of Pristonesia (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae, Pristocerinae), an endemic Afrotropical genus. Zootaxa 5124: 321 - 340. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5124.3.3" type="book" year="2006">Azevedo, 2006</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="BEEA653AFF98B158E7DCFD24F0C5FD0E" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E7DCFD24F767FD4D" blockId="32.[189,810,654,681]" box="[189,810,654,681]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D6E0119FFF98B158E7DCFD24F767FD4D" box="[189,810,654,681]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitation id="775110A0FF98B158E7DCFD24F76EFD4C" author="Azevedo C. O." box="[189,803,654,680]" page="42" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="2006">
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<taxonomicName id="31F04D32FF98B158E7DCFD24F76EFD4C" authority="Azevedo, 2006: 40 - 42" authorityName="Azevedo" authorityPageNumber="40 - 42" authorityYear="2006" box="[189,803,654,680]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Megaprosternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentagonal">
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<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF98B158E7DCFD24F65CFD4C" box="[189,529,654,680]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Megaprosternum pentagonal</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="92614B40FF98B158E578FD25F76EFD4C" author="Azevedo C. O." box="[537,803,654,680]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" refId="ref18876" refString="Azevedo C. O. 2006. Two new genera of Sclerodermini (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae, Epyrinae) with large scolebythid-like prosternums. Zootaxa 1191: 35 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1191.1.3 Azevedo C. O. & Colombo W. D. 2022 a. Revision of Pristonesia (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae, Pristocerinae), an endemic Afrotropical genus. Zootaxa 5124: 321 - 340. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5124.3.3" type="book" year="2006">Azevedo, 2006: 40–42</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E7DCFD7BF0C5FD0E" blockId="32.[189,1160,719,746]" box="[189,1160,719,746]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D6E0119FFF98B158E7DCFD7BF0C5FD0E" box="[189,1160,719,746]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName id="31F04D32FF98B158E7DCFD7BF65CFD0D" authorityName="Azevedo" authorityYear="2006" box="[189,529,719,745]" class="Insecta" family="Bethylidae" genus="Megaprosternum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pentagonal">
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<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF98B158E7DCFD7BF65CFD0D" box="[189,529,719,745]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Megaprosternum pentagonal</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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–
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<treatmentCitation id="775110A0FF98B158E54EFD7BF766FD0E" author="Gupta A. & Rajeshwari S. K. & Azevedo C. O." box="[559,811,719,746]" page="89" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" year="2017">
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<bibRefCitation id="92614B40FF98B158E54EFD7BF766FD0E" author="Gupta A. & Rajeshwari S. K. & Azevedo C. O." box="[559,811,719,746]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" pagination="78 - 90" refId="ref20023" refString="Gupta A., Rajeshwari S. K. & Azevedo C. O. 2017. Biology and description of Megaprosternum cleonarovorum sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae) a gregarious larval ectoparasitoid of Cleonaria bicolor Thomson (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) from India. Zootaxa 4237: 78 - 90. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4237.1.4" type="journal article" year="2017">
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Gupta
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<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF98B158E51FFD7BF6FCFD0D" box="[638,689,719,745]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al</emphasis>
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. 2017: 89
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</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. — Azevedo
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<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF98B158E4A9FD7BF7B1FD0D" box="[968,1020,719,745]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">et al</emphasis>
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. 2018: 235.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BEEA653AFF98B158E7DCFCBAF545FBB4" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E7DCFCBAF584FCCF" blockId="32.[189,457,785,811]" box="[189,457,785,811]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="AD0781DDFF98B158E7DCFCBAF584FCCF" bold="true" box="[189,457,785,811]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF98B158E7DCFCBAF584FCCF" bold="true" box="[189,457,785,811]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Differential diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E7DCFC94F545FBB4" blockId="32.[188,1400,831,1104]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">The males of this species differ from those of the other species by having the head about 1.2× as long as wide, with the sides converging posterad, in dorsal view, the median clypeal lobe with lateral carinae parallel or subparallel posteriorly, the antennae with 11 flagellomeres, ocelli distant each other about 0.5× DAO, the postocellar line almost shorter than DAO, the propodeal spiracles on lateral surface of the metapectal-propodeal complex, the hypopygium with spiculum narrowing apicad and, the aedeagal apex aligned to cuspis apex. The females of this species differ from those of the other species by having the antennae with 11 flagellomeres and the wings very reduced, shorter than tegulae (micropterous form).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BEEA653AFF98B158E7DCFBDCF76EFA6A" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E7DCFBDCF5E7FB75" blockId="32.[189,426,1143,1169]" box="[189,426,1143,1169]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<heading id="AD0781DDFF98B158E7DCFBDCF5E7FB75" bold="true" box="[189,426,1143,1169]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF98B158E7DCFBDCF5E7FB75" bold="true" box="[189,426,1143,1169]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Material examined</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E78BFB0DF511FB24" blockId="32.[189,1399,1190,1287]" box="[234,348,1190,1216]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF98B158E78BFB0DF511FB24" bold="true" box="[234,348,1190,1216]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<typeStatus id="294B8813FF98B158E78BFB0DF511FB24" box="[234,348,1190,1216]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E7DCFB62F6A8FAE2" blockId="32.[189,1399,1190,1287]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<materialsCitation id="46983CECFF98B158E7DCFB62F6A8FAE2" collectingDate="1997-11-29" collectingDateMax="1997-12-05" collectingDateMin="1997-11-29" collectionCode="ANIC" collectorName="T. Hiller" country="Australia" latitude="-27.331667" location="Mount Glorious" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="152.75806" municipality="Queensland" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Queensland" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="8EE77621FF98B158E7DCFB62F52FFB07" box="[189,354,1225,1251]" name="Australia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
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–
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<collectingRegion id="3434F853FF98B158E6E4FB62F654FB07" box="[389,537,1225,1251]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Queensland</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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•
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<specimenCount id="E0F6FD38FF98B158E555FB62F600FB07" box="[564,589,1225,1251]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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; “
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<collectingMunicipality id="162BACCBFF98B158E506FB62F6BAFB07" box="[615,759,1225,1251]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Queensland</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="F32F606AFF98B158E465FB62F78BFB07" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E5987A7FF98B15AE56FFDE6F59BFDAD:F32F606AFF98B158E465FB62F78BFB07" box="[772,966,1225,1251]" country="Australia" latitude="-27.331667" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="152.75806" municipality="Queensland" name="Mount Glorious" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" stateProvince="Queensland">Mount Glorious</location>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="93C45076FF98B158E4B2FB62F011FB00" box="[979,1116,1225,1252]" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="54" value="-27.331667">27º19’54”S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="93C45076FF98B158E304FB62F14DFB00" box="[1125,1280,1225,1252]" degrees="152" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" precision="15" seconds="29" value="152.75806">152º45’29”E</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<date id="824E1071FF98B158E26FFB62F567FAE2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1997-11-29" valueMax="1997-12-05" valueMin="1997-11-29">
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<collectingDate id="920AE999FF98B158E26FFB62F567FAE2" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1997-11-29" valueMax="1997-12-05" valueMin="1997-11-29">29.XI–5. XII.1997</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectingMethod id="2FB14EA6FF98B158E657FB47F584FAE3" box="[310,457,1260,1287]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Malaise trap</collectingMethod>
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3,
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<collectorName id="5B055367FF98B158E68DFB46F602FAE2" box="[492,591,1260,1287]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">T. Hiller</collectorName>
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col”;
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<collectionCode id="90E1AE74FF98B158E5F4FB47F6ACFAE2" box="[661,737,1260,1286]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">ANIC</collectionCode>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E78BFA86F519FAA3" blockId="32.[189,1398,1325,1423]" box="[234,340,1325,1351]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
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<typeStatus id="294B8813FF98B158E78BFA86F519FAA3" box="[234,340,1325,1351]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="allotype">Allotype</typeStatus>
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<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E7DCFAFAF76EFA6A" blockId="32.[189,1398,1325,1423]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="46983CECFF98B158E7DCFAFAF76EFA6A" collectingDate="1984-02-28" collectingDateMax="1984-03-09" collectingDateMin="1984-02-28" collectionCode="ANIC" collectorName="L. Masner" country="Australia" elevation="630" latitude="-27.331667" location="Mount Glorious" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="152.75806" municipality="Queensland" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Queensland" typeStatus="allotype">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EE77621FF98B158E7DCFAFAF52FFA8F" box="[189,354,1361,1387]" name="Australia" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">AUSTRALIA</collectingCountry>
|
||
–
|
||
<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF98B158E61CFAFBF65CFA8E" bold="true" box="[381,529,1360,1386]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3434F853FF98B158E61CFAFBF65CFA8E" box="[381,529,1360,1386]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<specimenCount id="E0F6FD38FF98B158E54BFAFAF60CFA8F" box="[554,577,1361,1387]" count="1" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
; same data as for holotype, except “
|
||
<quantity id="31089B54FF98B158E482FAFAF07CFA8F" box="[995,1073,1361,1387]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="630.0">
|
||
<elevation id="7DDDD182FF98B158E482FAFAF07CFA8F" box="[995,1073,1361,1387]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="m" value="630.0">630 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
, dry sclerophyll
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31F04D32FF98B158E395FAFAF13BFA8F" box="[1268,1398,1361,1387]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF98B158E395FAFAF13BFA8F" box="[1268,1398,1361,1387]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
forest, S.F.,
|
||
<date id="824E1071FF98B158E62BFADFF644FA6A" box="[330,521,1396,1422]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1984-02-28" valueMax="1984-03-09" valueMin="1984-02-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="920AE999FF98B158E62BFADFF644FA6A" box="[330,521,1396,1422]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" value="1984-02-28" valueMax="1984-03-09" valueMin="1984-02-28">28.II–9.III.1984</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName id="5B055367FF98B158E574FADEF6C0FA6B" box="[533,653,1397,1423]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">L. Masner</collectorName>
|
||
col”;
|
||
<collectionCode id="90E1AE74FF98B158E5B2FADFF752FA6A" box="[723,799,1396,1422]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">ANIC</collectionCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEEA653AFF98B159E7DCFA1EF798F936" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E7DCFA1EF526FA2B" blockId="32.[189,363,1461,1487]" box="[189,363,1461,1487]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<heading id="AD0781DDFF98B158E7DCFA1EF526FA2B" bold="true" box="[189,363,1461,1487]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF98B158E7DCFA1EF526FA2B" bold="true" box="[189,363,1461,1487]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Redescription</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E78BFA4FF567FA1A" blockId="32.[189,1398,1508,1605]" box="[234,298,1508,1534]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF98B158E78BFA4FF567FA1A" bold="true" box="[234,298,1508,1534]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Male</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E7DCF9A3F727F9A1" blockId="32.[189,1398,1508,1605]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F0A9A06DFF98B158E7DCF9A3F523F9C4" baselines="1563,1563" box="[189,366,1544,1570]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
(mm). Body length
|
||
<quantity id="31089B54FF98B158E50EF9ACF692F9C6" box="[623,735,1543,1570]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.56" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" unit="mm" value="2.56">2.56 mm</quantity>
|
||
; LH 0.46; WH 0.40; WF 0.22; WOT 0.09; surface of median clypeal lobe 0.12; HE 0.19; OOL 0.19; LFW 1.59.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E7DCF9C7F7ECF962" blockId="32.[189,929,1644,1670]" box="[189,929,1644,1670]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F0A9A06DFF98B158E7DCF9C7F544F960" baselines="1663,1663" box="[189,265,1644,1670]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Color" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">COLOR</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Head and mesosoma black, metasoma dark castaneous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B158E7DCF905F6B9F8B0" blockId="32.[189,1399,1709,1876]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F0A9A06DFF98B158E7DCF905F4B1F922" baselines="1729,1729" box="[189,252,1710,1736]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Head" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">HEAD</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Oval, in lateral view; sides almost parallel, in dorsal view; malar space 0.2 × HE; median clypeal lobe straight, as long as lateral ones, with pair of lateral carinae, parallel posteriorly, lobe delimitation distinct; mandible with three apical teeth; antenna with 11 flagellomeres, pedicel longer than flagellomere I; eye glabrous, contour not protruding; frons coriaceous; ocellar triangle with anterior angle obtuse, postocellar line shorter than DAO.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF98B159E7DCF8D7F53DFDFD" blockId="32.[189,1399,1915,2012]" lastBlockId="33.[188,1401,265,537]" lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F0A9A06DFF98B158E7DCF8D7F577F870" baselines="1935,1935" box="[189,314,1916,1942]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mesosoma" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">MESOSOMA</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Pronotal flange polished, with posterior margin at most 1.5× as wide as anterior one; dorsal pronotal area coriaceous, posterior margin almost straight; probasisternum very large, anterior margin strongly angulated, posterior margin almost straight; epicnemium with anterior margin weakly incurved; mesoscutum almost as long as mesoscutellum medially; parapsidal signum absent; transscutal fissure inconspicuous; mesoscuto-scutellar suture absent; mesopleuron with mesopleural pit present; metapectal-propodeal disc almost as long as wide medially, without evident constriction at propodeal spiracle; transverse anterior carina absent; lateral marginal carina absent; paraspiracular sulcus absent; paraspiracular carina absent; metapostnotal median carina absent; propodeal spiracle oval, on lateral surface of the metapectal-propodeal complex; forewing with prestigmal abscissa of radial 1 triangular; 2.0× as long as pterostigma; 3.0× as wide as Sc+R vein; prestigmal flexion line present; pterostigma small and oval.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF99B159E7DCFDEAF64BFD21" blockId="33.[187,1398,577,709]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F0A9A06DFF99B159E7DCFDEAF574FDBD" baselines="596,596" box="[189,313,577,603]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Metasoma" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">METASOMA</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Second abdominal spiracle circular; abdominal tergum narrowing apicad; hypopygium with spiculum narrowing apicad, hypopygeal anterolateral apodeme present, hypopygeal posterior margin straight. Genitalia with harpe 2.5 × as long as gonostipes; digitus with posterior margin smooth; aedeagal apex aligned to cuspis apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF99B159E78BFD47F508FCE2" blockId="33.[189,1398,748,845]" box="[234,325,748,774]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF99B159E78BFD47F508FCE2" bold="true" box="[234,325,748,774]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Female</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF99B159E7DCFCBBF6AFFCA8" blockId="33.[189,1398,748,845]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F0A9A06DFF99B159E7DCFCBBF523FCCC" baselines="803,803" box="[189,366,784,810]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
(mm). Body length
|
||
<quantity id="31089B54FF99B159E50EFCA4F692FCCE" box="[623,735,783,810]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.92" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" unit="mm" value="3.92">3.92 mm</quantity>
|
||
; LH 0.51; WH 0.41; WF 0.25; WOT 0.07; surface of median clypeal lobe 0.05; HE 0.20; OOL 0.29.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF99B159E7DCFCDFF717FC6A" blockId="33.[189,858,884,910]" box="[189,858,884,910]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F0A9A06DFF99B159E7DCFCDFF544FC68" baselines="903,903" box="[189,265,884,910]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Color" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">COLOR</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Head, mesosoma and metasoma dark castaneous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF99B159E7DCFC1DF600FBB8" blockId="33.[189,1399,949,1116]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F0A9A06DFF99B159E7DCFC1DF4B1FC2A" baselines="969,969" box="[189,252,950,976]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Head" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">HEAD</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Rectangular, in lateral view; sides almost parallel, in dorsal view; malar space 0.2× HE; median clypeal lobe straight, as long as lateral ones, without pair of lateral carinae, lobe delimitation indistinct; mandible with three apical teeth; antenna with 11 flagellomeres, pedicel longer than flagellomere I; eye weakly setose, contour not protruding; frons coriaceous; ocellar triangle with anterior angle acute, postocellar line longer than DAO.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF99B159E7DCFB2FF039FA53" blockId="33.[189,1399,1155,1463]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F0A9A06DFF99B159E7DCFB2FF577FB78" baselines="1175,1175" box="[189,314,1156,1182]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Mesosoma" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">MESOSOMA</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Pronotal flange polished, with posterior margin at least 1.6× as wide as anterior one; dorsal pronotal area polished and coriaceous, posterior margin almost straight; probasisternum very large, anterior margin strongly angulated, posterior margin almost straight; epicnemium with anterior margin almost straight; mesoscutum almost as long as mesoscutellum medially; parapsidal signum absent; transscutal fissure inconspicuous; mesoscuto-scutellar suture absent; mesopleuron with mesopleural pit present; metapectal-propodeal disc longer than wide medially, with evident constriction at propodeal spiracle; transverse anterior carina absent; lateral marginal carina absent; paraspiracular sulcus absent; paraspiracular carina absent; metapostnotal median carina absent; propodeal spiracle oval, on lateral surface of the metapectal-propodeal complex; micropterous with tegulae present.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF99B159E7DCFA74F74CFA1C" blockId="33.[189,769,1502,1529]" box="[189,769,1502,1529]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F0A9A06DFF99B159E7DCFA74F574FA13" baselines="1522,1522" box="[189,313,1503,1529]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Metasoma" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">METASOMA</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. Abdominal tergum narrowing apicad.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF99B159E7DCF98BF573F9DE" blockId="33.[189,318,1568,1594]" box="[189,318,1568,1594]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<heading id="AD0781DDFF99B159E7DCF98BF573F9DE" bold="true" box="[189,318,1568,1594]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF99B159E7DCF98BF573F9DE" bold="true" box="[189,318,1568,1594]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Variations</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF99B159E7DCF9E5F798F936" blockId="33.[187,1399,1614,1746]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Males are macropterous, along with a short clypeus projecting beyond the anterior margin of the antennal rim, and the head with sides converging posterad. In contrast, females exhibit a greatly reduced wings (micropterous form), characterized by the shorter clypeus than the anterior margin of the antennal rim, the head rectangular, and the profemur thicker than those of males.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEEA653AFF99B15AE7DCF951F148FE8D" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF99B159E7DCF951F562F8F0" blockId="33.[189,303,1786,1812]" box="[189,303,1786,1812]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<heading id="AD0781DDFF99B159E7DCF951F562F8F0" bold="true" box="[189,303,1786,1812]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF99B159E7DCF951F562F8F0" bold="true" box="[189,303,1786,1812]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF99B15AE7DCF883F148FE8D" blockId="33.[189,1400,1832,1999]" lastBlockId="34.[189,1398,265,362]" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
This species was described from
|
||
<specimenCount id="E0F6FD38FF99B159E52CF883F6B1F8A6" box="[589,764,1832,1858]" count="2" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
(
|
||
<specimenCount id="E0F6FD38FF99B159E46FF883F731F8A6" box="[782,892,1832,1858]" count="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||
and
|
||
<specimenCount id="E0F6FD38FF99B159E4DBF883F00DF8A6" box="[954,1088,1832,1858]" count="1" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||
) collected in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3434F853FF99B159E384F883F13EF8A6" box="[1253,1395,1832,1858]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EE77621FF99B159E7DEF8E0F563F881" box="[191,302,1867,1893]" name="Australia" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Although
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92614B40FF99B159E6CDF8E0F624F881" author="Azevedo C. O." box="[428,617,1867,1893]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" refId="ref18876" refString="Azevedo C. O. 2006. Two new genera of Sclerodermini (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae, Epyrinae) with large scolebythid-like prosternums. Zootaxa 1191: 35 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1191.1.3 Azevedo C. O. & Colombo W. D. 2022 a. Revision of Pristonesia (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae, Pristocerinae), an endemic Afrotropical genus. Zootaxa 5124: 321 - 340. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5124.3.3" type="book" year="2006">Azevedo (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
did not explicitly detail the method of associating the two strongly dimorphic sexes (micropterous female and macropterous male), it can be inferred from the author’s statement: “The shape of the antenna, mandible teeth, ocellar triangle, and mesosoma are very similar in both sexes, but sexual dimorphism is strong”. The author likely linked them based on morphological similarities and the specimens’ common type-locality.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92614B40FF9AB15AE45AFEA2F7B4FEC7" author="Azevedo C. O." box="[827,1017,265,291]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref18876" refString="Azevedo C. O. 2006. Two new genera of Sclerodermini (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae, Epyrinae) with large scolebythid-like prosternums. Zootaxa 1191: 35 - 47. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1191.1.3 Azevedo C. O. & Colombo W. D. 2022 a. Revision of Pristonesia (Hymenoptera, Bethylidae, Pristocerinae), an endemic Afrotropical genus. Zootaxa 5124: 321 - 340. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5124.3.3" type="book" year="2006">Azevedo (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
initially described the female of this species as apterous. However, upon further review, it became apparent that there is a wing, albeit highly reduced, leading to the consideration that the females of this species are micropterous.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEEA653AFF9AB15AE7DCFE3AF574FE3D" box="[189,313,401,473]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF9AB15AE7DCFE3AF4B5FE4F" blockId="34.[189,248,401,427]" box="[189,248,401,427]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<heading id="AD0781DDFF9AB15AE7DCFE3AF4B5FE4F" bold="true" box="[189,248,401,427]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF9AB15AE7DCFE3AF4B5FE4F" bold="true" box="[189,248,401,427]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Host</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF9AB15AE7DCFE14F574FE3D" blockId="34.[189,313,447,473]" box="[189,313,447,473]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEEA653AFF9AB15AE7DCFDABF59BFDAD" box="[189,470,512,585]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF9AB15AE7DCFDABF51BFDFE" blockId="34.[189,342,512,538]" box="[189,342,512,538]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<heading id="AD0781DDFF9AB15AE7DCFDABF51BFDFE" bold="true" box="[189,342,512,538]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="C484EAA3FF9AB15AE7DCFDABF51BFDFE" bold="true" box="[189,342,512,538]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F64F36B1FF9AB15AE7DCFD84F59BFDAD" blockId="34.[189,470,559,585]" box="[189,470,559,585]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EE77621FF9AB15AE7DCFD84F564FDAD" box="[189,297,559,585]" name="Australia" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3434F853FF9AB15AE659FD84F587FDAD" box="[312,458,559,585]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |