188 lines
18 KiB
XML
188 lines
18 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="C595F5ABAED0499EAFDFFCA2E76D87E6">
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<mods:title id="6E38AA32E5879FF15E21853CC50399B9">The black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of Vietnam</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="45AEFEF3AC943AD4E4B60CAB7BA8F8F3">Takaoka, Hiroyuki</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="ADD4398885DE0E93794AEFFA0AF0147D">Sofian-Azirun, Mohd</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="0DDCDFA3EA9A821032C962CF96A9EE84">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="4D718093B296DA4DD49ACA66610E6E2A">Ya’Cob, Zubaidah</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="5FB47A30953504EAE0EB70004039AD36">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="53D26CFD31A6581C4389962B3129EC19">Chen, Chee Dhang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="D5A4537FF6D84C4A5A8ECB82D5AF1E1C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="2D3B4A79367419B4F0B22BACD440A4EE">Lau, Koon Weng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="585A651128A6B9FA5EFC9D9F4308510A">Low, Van Lun</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="DCBDE3B2ACE0E39E9529F238A8D0E0CC">Pham, Xuan Da</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E23BAFB23688ACB97A6AB94E0F64B7C1">Adler, Peter H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E970E95DA288C761E3F2FF8AA3EF0CE8">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="81A95D7E393AC0ED3158D1CEADC163E4">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2527697D5B110749D3841E8F14DBEFE5">4261</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="7FF39EFDB265623AF91FBA5FAE0A7B91" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.571608</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="57E559C5563890D3202F2A1A111F6107" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7E4B87AFB174A240FF2BFC5AFE0CF93F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4927533" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128848467" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4927533" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E4B87AFB174A240FF2BFC5AFE0CF93F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E4B87AFB174A240FF2BFC5AFE0CF93F" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<subSubSection id="BEF86532B174A240FF2BFC5AFC03FC6A" box="[151,917,918,944]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F65D36B9B174A240FF2BFC5AFC03FC6A" blockId="66.[151,917,918,944]" box="[151,917,918,944]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<heading id="AD1581D5B174A240FF2BFC5AFC03FC6A" bold="true" box="[151,917,918,944]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB174A240FF2BFC5AFC03FC6A" ID-CoL="9HKGJ" authority="Takaoka & Srisuka, 2011" authorityName="Takaoka & Srisuka" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,917,918,944]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maeaiense" subGenus="Nevermannia">
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FF2BFC5AFC03FC6A" bold="true" box="[151,917,918,944]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FF2BFC5AFE99FC6A" bold="true" box="[151,271,918,944]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Simulium</emphasis>
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(
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FEA3FC5AFE55FC6A" bold="true" box="[287,451,918,944]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Nevermannia</emphasis>
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)
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FE68FC5AFDC5FC6A" bold="true" box="[468,595,918,944]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">maeaiense</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B174A240FDE7FC5AFC03FC6A" author="Takaoka" box="[603,917,918,944]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refString="Takaoka, H. & Srisuka, W. (2011) A new species of Simulium (Nevermannia) (Diptera; Simuliidae) from Thailand, with keys to members of the Simulium feuerborni species-group in Thailand. ZooKeys, 89, 57 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 89.761" type="journal article" year="2011">Takaoka & Srisuka, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BEF86532B174A240FF2BFC11FC10FB7E" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F65D36B9B174A240FF2BFC11FB34FC29" blockId="66.[151,1186,989,1011]" box="[151,1186,989,1011]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D6F21197B174A240FF2BFC11FB34FC29" box="[151,1186,989,1011]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB174A240FF2BFC11FCA2FC29" ID-CoL="9HKGJ" authority="Takaoka & Srisuka, 2011: 57" authorityName="Takaoka & Srisuka" authorityPageNumber="57" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,820,989,1011]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maeaiense" subGenus="Nevermannia">
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FF2BFC11FF61FC29" box="[151,247,989,1011]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Simulium</emphasis>
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(
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||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FEB9FC12FE1BFC29" box="[261,397,990,1011]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Nevermannia</emphasis>
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)
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||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FE20FC12FD91FC29" box="[412,519,990,1011]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">maeaiense</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="774310A8B174A240FDB1FC11FCA2FC29" author="Takaoka" box="[525,820,989,1011]" page="57" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" year="2011">
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<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B174A240FDB1FC11FC87FC29" author="Takaoka" box="[525,785,989,1011]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refString="Takaoka, H. & Srisuka, W. (2011) A new species of Simulium (Nevermannia) (Diptera; Simuliidae) from Thailand, with keys to members of the Simulium feuerborni species-group in Thailand. ZooKeys, 89, 57 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 89.761" type="journal article" year="2011">Takaoka & Srisuka, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 57
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
–70 (Female, male, pupa and larva).
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="F65D36B9B174A240FF2BFBD3FC10FB7E" blockId="66.[151,1437,1055,1765]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FF2BFBD3FE06FBE2" bold="true" box="[151,400,1055,1080]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Specimens examined</emphasis>
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||
. One female and one male, reared from pupae collected from a small stream (width
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||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB174A240FAF3FBECFA0EFBED" box="[1359,1432,1056,1080]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
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||
, depth
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||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB174A240FF58FB88FEB3FB86" box="[228,293,1092,1116]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
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||
, bottom rocky, water temperature 7.0˚C, partially shaded, elevation
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<quantity id="311A9B5CB174A240FBDFFB88FB5FFB86" box="[1123,1225,1092,1116]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.893" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="m" value="1893.0">1,893 m</quantity>
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||
, 22˚21’28.378”N/ 103˚45’52.084”E) slowly flowing in shrubs,
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<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB174A240FD37FBABFD63FB5A" box="[651,757,1127,1152]" country="Vietnam" name="Lai Chau" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Lai Chau</collectingRegion>
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, Sapa,
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||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB174A240FCFFFBA4FB9CFB5A" box="[835,1034,1127,1152]" country="Vietnam" name="Lao Cai" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
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Lao
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<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB174A240FCC9FBABFB9CFB5A" box="[885,1034,1127,1152]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Cai Province</collectingRegion>
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</collectingRegion>
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, northern
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<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B174A240FBC5FBABFB4DFB5A" box="[1145,1243,1127,1152]" name="Vietnam" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
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,
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<date id="825C1079B174A240FB59FBA4FAE0FB5A" box="[1253,1398,1128,1152]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" value="2014-12-20">20-XII-2014</date>
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||
, by H. Takaoka, M. Sofian-Azirun, Z. Ya’cob, C.D. Chen & K.W. Lau.
|
||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FF7BFB63FECFFB12" bold="true" box="[199,345,1199,1224]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Distribution</emphasis>
|
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.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B174A240FEDBFB63FE5DFB12" box="[359,459,1199,1224]" name="Thailand" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B174A240FDBDFB63FDF6FB12" box="[513,608,1199,1224]" name="Vietnam" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
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(
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||
<collectingRegion id="3426F85BB174A240FDD3FB7CFD5DFB12" box="[623,715,1199,1224]" country="Vietnam" name="Lao Cai" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Lao Cai</collectingRegion>
|
||
) (
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FD5FFB63FCFBFB12" bold="true" box="[739,877,1199,1224]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">New record</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="BEF86532B174A240FF7BFB18FE0CF93F" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="F65D36B9B174A240FF7BFB18FE0CF93F" blockId="66.[151,1437,1055,1765]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FF7BFB18FEA2FB37" bold="true" box="[199,308,1236,1261]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="31E24D3AB174A240FEFDFB18FDCAFB36" box="[321,604,1236,1260]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maeaiense" subGenus="Nevermannia">
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FEFDFB18FE3DFB36" box="[321,427,1236,1260]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FE07FB19FE43FB36" box="[443,469,1237,1260]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">N.</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
<emphasis id="C496EAABB174A240FE59FB19FDCAFB36" box="[485,604,1237,1260]" italics="true" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">maeaiense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B174A240FCFFFB18FC31FB37" box="[835,935,1236,1261]" name="Thailand" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B174A240FC09FB18FB74FB36" author="Takaoka" box="[949,1250,1236,1261]" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refString="Takaoka, H. & Srisuka, W. (2011) A new species of Simulium (Nevermannia) (Diptera; Simuliidae) from Thailand, with keys to members of the Simulium feuerborni species-group in Thailand. ZooKeys, 89, 57 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 89.761" type="journal article" year="2011">Takaoka and Srisuka 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is the first record of this species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8EF57629B174A240FE6BFB3BFDAFFACA" box="[471,569,1271,1296]" name="Vietnam" pageId="66" pageNumber="67">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
|
||
. This species is characterized by the female genital fork with a sclerotized horizontal bar at the base of the anterodorsal projection on each lateral arm, male upper-eye facets in 19 vertical columns and 20 horizontal rows, paramere with five or six hooks, pupal gill with six long filaments arranged horizontally as 2+1+2+1 from inside to outside, and cocoon with an elongate anterodorsal projection (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="92734B48B174A240FAB0FAA8FEA6FA7A" author="Takaoka" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" refString="Takaoka, H. & Srisuka, W. (2011) A new species of Simulium (Nevermannia) (Diptera; Simuliidae) from Thailand, with keys to members of the Simulium feuerborni species-group in Thailand. ZooKeys, 89, 57 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 89.761" type="journal article" year="2011">Takaoka and Srisuka 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). There are differences in several morphological features between Vietnamese and Thai specimens (characters of Thai specimens in parentheses): in the female, body length
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB174A240FC5CFA60FBAEFA1E" box="[992,1080,1452,1476]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB174A240FBF4FA60FB40FA1E" box="[1096,1238,1452,1477]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
), wing length
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB174A240FAC5FA60FF55FA3D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB174A240FF6EFA03FEF6FA32" box="[210,352,1487,1512]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="2.7" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.6">2.6–2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
), cibarium with 33 processes (40–44 processes), fore basitarsus 8.5 times as long as its greatest width (8.4 times), hind basitarsus 7.6 times as long as its width (6.2–6.8 times), 0.7 times as wide as the hind tibia (0.8 times), 0.6 times as wide as the hind femur (0.6–0.7 times), claw with a large basal tooth 0.46 times as long as the claw (0.49 times), spermatheca ovoidal and 1.3 times as long as its width (1.2 times); in the male, body length 3.0 mm (
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB174A240FF43F993FE18F9A2" box="[255,398,1631,1656]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="2.75" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="2.6">2.6–2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
), wing length
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB174A240FD8FF9ACFD1DF9AD" box="[563,651,1632,1656]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<quantity id="311A9B5CB174A240FD20F993FCBCF9A2" box="[668,810,1631,1656]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="66" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="2.45" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
), scutum brownish black to black with no longitudinal vittae (dark brown with three longitudinal vittae), subcosta with three to five hairs (without hairs), hind basitarsus 4.4 times as long as wide (4.6–4.9 times), 1.0 times as wide as the hind tibia (0.9 times), 1.1 times as wide as the hind femur (0.9 times).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |