211 lines
21 KiB
XML
211 lines
21 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8F98157FF9D4DAEAC5913CAD6A985861">A checklist and key to the snakes of the genus Geophis (Squamata: Colubridae: Dipsadinae), with commentary on distribution and conservation</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C8B9343D0DF38FF2642B2A533973F217">Wilson, Larry David</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3521DDAE312AE595B9103D67D3CAB0CA">Townsend, Josiah H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="DD9D440B007868E1A4DC0AC900ABF349">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="6D23DD8B05E004F63448A27E47B9F098">2007</mods:date>
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<treatment id="7E396D40FFFFFF8365E4FF3BFF0A81A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5620416" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5620416" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E396D40FFFFFF8365E4FF3BFF0A81A6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E396D40FFFFFF8365E4FF3BFF0A81A6" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFFFFF8365E4FF3BF84482C3" blockId="14.[151,568,151,177]" box="[151,568,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<key id="82018B67FFFFFF8365E4FF3BF84482C3" box="[151,568,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<keyLead id="4D617F63FFFFFF8365E4FF3BF84482C3" box="[151,568,151,177]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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32.
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<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF8365B0FF3BF84482C3" authority="Boulenger" authorityName="Boulenger" box="[195,568,151,177]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigroalbus">
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<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF8365B0FF3BFBD382C3" bold="true" box="[195,431,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Geophis nigroalbus</emphasis>
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Boulenger
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||
</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</keyStep>
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</key>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFFFFF8365E4FF4EF81C828B" blockId="14.[151,644,226,345]" box="[151,608,226,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D680FB78FFFFFF8365E4FF4EF81C828B" box="[151,608,226,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF8365E4FF4EFB0E828B" box="[151,370,226,249]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF8365E4FF4EFA8C828B" box="[151,240,226,249]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Geophis</taxonomicName>
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nigroalbus
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="7731FA47FFFFFF83640BFF4EF820828B" author="Boulenger" box="[376,604,226,249]" page="552" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1908">
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<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF83640BFF4EF85B828B" author="Boulenger" box="[376,551,226,249]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1908) Descriptions of new batrachians and reptiles discovered by Mr. M. G. Palmer in South-western Colombia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8, 515 - 522." type="journal article" year="1908">Boulenger 1908</bibRefCitation>
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: 552
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BE8A8FDDFFFFFF8365E4FEAEF8F8832B" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFFFFF8365E4FEAEF81F836B" blockId="14.[151,644,226,345]" box="[151,611,258,281]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D680FB78FFFFFF8365E4FEAEF81F836B" box="[151,611,258,281]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF8365E4FEAEF823836B" authority="Amaral 1929: 192" authorityName="Amaral" authorityPageNumber="192" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,607,258,281]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Agaricaceae" genus="Catastoma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Agaricales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="nigroalbum">
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<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF8365E4FEAEFBF0836B" box="[151,396,258,281]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Catastoma nigroalbum</emphasis>
|
||
:
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<treatmentCitation id="7731FA47FFFFFF8364E9FEAEF823836B" author="Amaral" box="[410,607,258,281]" page="192" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1929">
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<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF8364E9FEAEF856836B" author="Amaral" box="[410,554,258,281]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" refString="Amaral, A. d. (1929) Estudos sobre ophidios neotropicos XVIII. Lista remissive dos ophidios da regiao neotropico. Memorias Do Instituto Butantan, 4, 129 - 271." type="journal article" year="1929">Amaral 1929</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 192
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFFFFF8365E4FE8EF8F8832B" blockId="14.[151,644,226,345]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="D680FB78FFFFFF8365E4FE8EF8F8832B" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF8365E4FE8EF812834B" authority="Downs 1967: 146" authorityName="Downs" authorityPageNumber="146" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,622,290,313]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachycephalus">
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<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF8365E4FE8EFBE3834B" box="[151,415,290,313]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Geophis brachycephalus</emphasis>
|
||
:
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<treatmentCitation id="7731FA47FFFFFF8364DEFE8EF812834B" author="Downs" box="[429,622,290,313]" page="146" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="1967">
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<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF8364DEFE8EF845834B" author="Downs" box="[429,569,290,313]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Downs, F. L. (1967) Intrageneric relationships among colubrid snakes of the genus Geophis Wagler. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 131, 1 - 193." type="journal article" year="1967">Downs 1967</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 146
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF8365E4FEEEF85B832B" authority="Myers 2003: 32" authorityName="Myers" authorityPageNumber="32" authorityYear="2003" box="[151,551,322,345]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="negroalbus">
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||
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF8365E4FEEEFB12832B" box="[151,366,322,345]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Geophis negroalbus</emphasis>
|
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:
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||
<treatmentCitation id="7731FA47FFFFFF836408FEEEF85B832B" author="Myers" box="[379,551,322,345]" page="32" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" year="2003">
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<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF836408FEEEFB83832B" author="Myers" box="[379,511,322,345]" pageId="14" pageNumber="30" refString="Myers, C. W. (2003) Rare snakes-Five new species from eastern Panama: Reviews of northern Atractus and southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae). American Museum Novitates, 3391, 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="2003">Myers 2003</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 32
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF836742FEEEF8F8832B" box="[561,644,322,345]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF836742FEEEF8FC832B" ID-CoL="639BQ" box="[561,640,322,345]" class="Insecta" family="Heteroceridae" genus="Lapsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lapsus</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="BE8A8FDDFFFFFF8365E4FE26FF0A81A6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="materials_examined">
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||
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFFFFF8365E4FE26F90683BE" blockId="14.[151,1437,394,980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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||
<typeStatus id="292B62F4FFFFFF8365E4FE26FB7483D6" box="[151,264,394,420]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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||
. The Natural History Museum, London (
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||
<collectionCode id="90814493FFFFFF836674FE26F91F83D6" box="[775,867,394,420]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
) 1946.1.6.50 (formerly
|
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<collectionCode id="90814493FFFFFF8361FFFE26FE9883D6" box="[1164,1252,394,420]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">BMNH</collectionCode>
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||
1909.4.30.71), juvenile, collected by N.G. Palmer, purchased from Rosenberg.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFFFFF8365B4FE76F8B58386" blockId="14.[151,1437,394,980]" box="[199,713,474,500]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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Typelocality. Near Pavas, Valle,
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<collectingCountry id="8E879CC6FFFFFF83673EFE76F8B98386" box="[589,709,474,500]" name="Colombia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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||
.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFFFFF8365B4FDAEFABE8036" blockId="14.[151,1437,394,980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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Distribution. Reported from
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elevation in Antioquia, Santander, and Valle de Cauca,
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<collectingCountry id="8E879CC6FFFFFF836031FDAEFAC38036" name="Colombia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Colombia</collectingCountry>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFFFFF8365B4FDFEF8F3801E" blockId="14.[151,1437,394,980]" box="[199,655,594,620]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
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Species group.
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<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF836408FDFEF8F7801E" authority="Downs 1967" authorityName="Downs" authorityYear="1967" box="[379,651,594,620]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sieboldi">
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||
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF836408FDFEFBA48019" box="[379,472,594,619]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">sieboldi</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF836494FDFEF8FE801E" author="Downs" box="[487,642,594,620]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Downs, F. L. (1967) Intrageneric relationships among colubrid snakes of the genus Geophis Wagler. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 131, 1 - 193." type="journal article" year="1967">Downs 1967</bibRefCitation>
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||
)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFFFFF8365B4FDD6FF2A80E6" blockId="14.[151,1437,394,980]" box="[199,1366,634,660]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Systematic references.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF8364A6FDD6F8DB80E6" author="Boulenger" box="[469,679,634,660]" pageId="14" pageNumber="28" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1908) Descriptions of new batrachians and reptiles discovered by Mr. M. G. Palmer in South-western Colombia. Annals and Magazine of Natural History 8, 515 - 522." type="journal article" year="1908">Boulenger (1908)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF8367C7FDD6F92380E6" author="Downs" box="[692,863,634,660]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Downs, F. L. (1967) Intrageneric relationships among colubrid snakes of the genus Geophis Wagler. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 131, 1 - 193." type="journal article" year="1967">Downs (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF836618FDD6FEDF80E6" author="Restrepo" box="[875,1187,634,660]" pageId="14" pageNumber="30" refString="Restrepo T., J. H., & Wright, J. W. (1987) A new species of the colubrid snake genus Geophis from Colombia. Journal of Herpetology, 21, 191 - 196." type="journal article" year="1987">Restrepo & Wright (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF8361DCFDD6FF2F80E6" author="Myers" box="[1199,1363,634,660]" pageId="14" pageNumber="30" refString="Myers, C. W. (2003) Rare snakes-Five new species from eastern Panama: Reviews of northern Atractus and southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae). American Museum Novitates, 3391, 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="2003">Myers (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F62FDC56FFFFFF8365B4FD0EFF0A81A6" blockId="14.[151,1437,394,980]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||
Remarks.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF83644DFD0EFB9B80CE" author="Downs" box="[318,487,674,700]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Downs, F. L. (1967) Intrageneric relationships among colubrid snakes of the genus Geophis Wagler. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 131, 1 - 193." type="journal article" year="1967">Downs (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF836737FD0EF89F80C9" box="[580,739,674,699]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigroalbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF836737FD0EF89F80C9" box="[580,739,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">G. nigroalbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in synonymy with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF8366BAFD0EFEDF80C9" box="[969,1187,674,699]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachycephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF8366BAFD0EFEDF80C9" box="[969,1187,674,699]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">G. brachycephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but in a footnote on p. 146 stated: “A cursory look at a specimen recently obtained in eastern
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<collectingCountry id="8E879CC6FFFFFF836686FD66FE2E8096" box="[1013,1106,714,740]" name="Panama" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
by Charles Myers leads me to doubt that my inclusion of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF836772FD5EF959817E" authority="Boulenger" authorityName="Boulenger" box="[513,805,754,780]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigroalbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF836772FD5EF8DE8179" box="[513,674,754,779]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">G. nigroalbus</emphasis>
|
||
Boulenger
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF836157FD5EFE838179" box="[1060,1279,754,779]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachycephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF836157FD5EFE838179" box="[1060,1279,754,779]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">G. brachycephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is justified.”
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF8365E4FCB6F87D8146" author="Restrepo" box="[151,513,794,820]" pageId="14" pageNumber="30" refString="Restrepo T., J. H., & Wright, J. W. (1987) A new species of the colubrid snake genus Geophis from Colombia. Journal of Herpetology, 21, 191 - 196." type="journal article" year="1987">Restrepo & Wright (1987:193)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
applied the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF8367A8FCB6F9068141" box="[731,890,794,819]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigroalbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF8367A8FCB6F9068141" box="[731,890,794,819]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">G. nigroalbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to more recent material from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E879CC6FFFFFF8361ADFCB6FF2E8146" box="[1246,1362,794,820]" name="Colombia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
based on this footnote. The specimen that
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF836734FCEEF95A812E" author="Downs" box="[583,806,834,860]" pageId="14" pageNumber="29" refString="Downs, F. L. (1967) Intrageneric relationships among colubrid snakes of the genus Geophis Wagler. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 131, 1 - 193." type="journal article" year="1967">Downs (1967:146)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
referred to was the thenundescribed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF836198FCEEFA9981F6" authority="Myers" authorityName="Myers" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bellus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF836198FCEEFFE08129" box="[1259,1436,834,859]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Geophis bellus</emphasis>
|
||
Myers
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and later
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201A1A7FFFFFF83641CFCC6F83B81F6" author="Myers" box="[367,583,874,900]" pageId="14" pageNumber="30" refString="Myers, C. W. (2003) Rare snakes-Five new species from eastern Panama: Reviews of northern Atractus and southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae). American Museum Novitates, 3391, 1 - 47." type="journal article" year="2003">Myers (2003: 34)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
tentatively assigned two additional Colombian specimens previously referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF836433FC3EF86081D9" box="[320,540,914,939]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="brachycephalus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF836433FC3EF86081D9" box="[320,540,914,939]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">G. brachycephalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF836735FC3EF89A81D9" box="[582,742,914,939]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigroalbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF836735FC3EF89A81D9" box="[582,742,914,939]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">G. nigroalbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, noting “I have seen too few Colombian specimens to be able to fully characterize
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190A7D5FFFFFF8364B2FC16F8D481A1" box="[449,680,954,979]" class="Reptilia" family="Colubridae" genus="Geophis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nigroalbus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E40044FFFFFF8364B2FC16F8D481A1" box="[449,680,954,979]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Geophis nigroalbus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, or even to conclude that but a single species is represented.”
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |