281 lines
36 KiB
XML
281 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document id="222A772B7FF69CDD1F8B41FA89410994" ID-CLB-Dataset="6265" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="47aa6d7b-d71f-43b3-8587-453e07fa1c4b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4766543" ID-ZooBank="50B110AA-35A4-4F96-9C00-22C6F63BF463" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1621229352527" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hassan, Muhammad Asghar & Liu, Xingyue" docDate="2021" docId="7E390905FF9C4145FF3C26A24FD1FA49" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4970.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4970 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ascalaphus Fabricius 1775" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="407" masterDocId="8200717DFF9A4143FFAB27304A4CFFA4" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on owlflies from Pakistan (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae Ascalaphinae)" masterLastPageNumber="452" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="407" updateTime="1698939901842" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="20DD8390BBD6FB5E2DAF6AABBF7B30E6" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="BD22275E653D9891A9E2DBF9D5939A12">
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<mods:title id="245BED8576782C379C074C308F754AB0">Taxonomic notes on owlflies from Pakistan (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae Ascalaphinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="6C8069BB5711A344AC520EAE0821D948" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E5A8E5A3FCA45DA2EB95413E41EEF198">Hassan, Muhammad Asghar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8588C79E102B5423C2A102E8F07C6444">Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3D8450E32F23F9E0FE4303A0515CA387">Liu, Xingyue</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="108FF131B26859B271EA2EB0F26F4502">Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="44750AA20A20AC051BFC438B9B74528C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="4BE6C69044A404EC956AC3F3E942AE84">
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<mods:date id="45C5637E83BA2682E8BF1AADB1CFEE2D">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="104196C88F11F3ECB1C3341386858EAF">2021-05-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="002573D060AD295595831E4CCB5D3DDE">4970</mods:number>
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<treatment id="7E390905FF9C4145FF3C26A24FD1FA49" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6486820" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182598559" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6486820" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E390905FF9C4145FF3C26A24FD1FA49" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E390905FF9C4145FF3C26A24FD1FA49" lastPageNumber="407" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9C4145FF3C26A2480FFE08" blockId="6.[151,579,402,429]" box="[151,579,402,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<heading id="AD670F7FFF9C4145FF3C26A2480FFE08" bold="true" box="[151,579,402,429]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FF3C26A2480FFE08" bold="true" box="[151,579,402,429]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FF4526A2480FFE08" ID-CoL="33M3" ID-ENA="146495" authority="Fabricius, 1775" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[238,579,402,429]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FF4526A24B36FE09" bold="true" box="[238,378,402,429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Ascalaphus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FE2926A2480FFE08" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[386,579,402,428]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" refId="ref25850" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorvm classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibvs, observationibvs. Offic. Libr. Kortii, Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae, 832 pp. [BotN ref # 2307] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36510" type="book" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BE8AEB98FF9C4145FF3C26E74B8DFD89" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="synonymic_list">
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<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9C4145FF3C26E74EFCFE54" blockId="6.[151,1436,471,557]" box="[151,1200,471,496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D6809F3DFF9C4145FF3C26E74EFCFE54" box="[151,1200,471,496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<treatmentCitation id="77319E02FF9C4145FF3C26E74BAAFE4B" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[151,486,471,495]" page="313" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" year="1775">
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FF3C26E74BAAFE4B" ID-CoL="33M3" authority="Fabricius, 1775: 313" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityPageNumber="313" authorityYear="1775" box="[151,486,471,495]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FF3C26E74B40FE4B" box="[151,268,471,495]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Ascalaphus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FEB926E74BAAFE4B" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[274,486,471,495]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" refId="ref25850" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systema entomologiae, sistens insectorvm classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibvs, observationibvs. Offic. Libr. Kortii, Flensbvrgi et Lipsiae, 832 pp. [BotN ref # 2307] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36510" type="book" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775: 313</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<typeStatus id="292B06B1FF9C4145FE5B26E8486EFE54" box="[496,546,472,496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<treatmentCitation id="77319E02FF9C4145FDD426E74E7BFE4B" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[639,1079,471,495]" page="914" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" year="1767">
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FDD426E74E7BFE4B" authority="Linnaeus, 1767: 914" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="914" authorityYear="1767" box="[639,1079,471,495]" class="Insecta" family="Myrmeleontidae" genus="Myrmeleon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barbarum">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FDD426E74911FE4B" box="[639,861,471,495]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Myrmeleon barbarum</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FCCF26E74E7BFE4B" author="Linnaeus, C." box="[868,1079,471,495]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" refId="ref26914" refString="Linnaeus, C. (1767) Systema natura per regna tria naturae secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tom. I. Pars II. 12 th Edition. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 795 pp. [pp. 533 - 1327, BotN ref # 3733] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 156765" type="book" year="1767">Linnaeus, 1767: 914</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Monotypy.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9C4145FF3C26C64B8DFD89" blockId="6.[151,1436,471,557]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D6809F3DFF9C4145FF3C26C64B8DFD89" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<treatmentCitation id="77319E02FF9C4145FF3C26C64856FDAA" author="McLachlan, R." box="[151,538,502,526]" page="261" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" year="1873">
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FF3C26C64856FDAA" authority="McLachlan, 1873 a: 261" authorityName="McLachlan" authorityPageNumber="261" authorityYear="1873" box="[151,538,502,526]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Helicomitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FF3C26C64B5DFDAA" box="[151,273,502,526]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Helicomitus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FEB726C64856FDAA" author="McLachlan, R." box="[284,538,502,526]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" pagination="219 - 276" refId="ref27390" refString="McLachlan, R. (1873 a) An attempt towards a systematic classification of the family Ascalaphidae. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 11, 219 - 276. [BotN ref # 353] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1871. tb 02588. x" type="journal article" year="1873">McLachlan, 1873a: 261</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="292B06B1FF9C4145FD8C26C64815FDAA" box="[551,601,502,526]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<treatmentCitation id="77319E02FF9C4145FD6B26C64E32FDAA" author="Walker, F." box="[704,1150,502,526]" page="429" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" year="1853">
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FD6B26C64E32FDAA" ID-CoL="H53Q" authority="Walker, 1853: 429" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="429" authorityYear="1853" box="[704,1150,502,526]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insimulans">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FD6B26C649E1FDAA" box="[704,941,502,526]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Ascalaphus insimulans</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FC1326C64E32FDAA" author="Walker, F." box="[952,1150,502,526]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" refId="ref28820" refString="Walker, F. (1853) Catalogue of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II (Sialidae- Nemopterides). Newman, London, 284 pp. [pp. 193 - 476, BotN ref # 6194]" type="book" year="1853">Walker, 1853: 429</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Subsequent designated by
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="77319E02FF9C4145FF6C25244BF1FD89" author="McLachlan, R." box="[199,445,532,557]" page="402" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" year="1873">
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FF6C25244BF1FD89" author="McLachlan, R." box="[199,445,532,557]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" pagination="398 - 409" refId="ref27450" refString="McLachlan, R. (1873 b) Neuroptera [sensu lato]. Zoological Record, 8, 398 - 409." type="journal article" year="1873">McLachlan, 1873b: 402</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BE8AEB98FF9C4145FF3C256A4808FCE9" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9C4145FF3C256A4808FCE9" blockId="6.[151,1437,602,1205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FF3C256A4B5EFDD0" bold="true" box="[151,274,602,628]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FEB2256B4BD6FDD1" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[281,410,603,629]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FEB2256B4BD6FDD1" box="[281,410,603,629]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Ascalaphus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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can be characterized by the combination of the following characters: wing membrane hyaline, without markings (
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<figureCitation id="6EABA496FF9C4145FE01254F4860FD3D" box="[426,556,639,665]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[408,1171,193,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[407,1181,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ascalaphus prothoracicus (Kimmins). Male. A–C. Dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766557/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 4A–C</figureCitation>
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||
,
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||
<figureCitation id="6EABA496FF9C4145FD92254E48CDFD3D" box="[569,641,638,665]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,190,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[276,1311,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ascalaphus prothoracicus (Kimmins). Female. A–C. Dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766561" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766561/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">5A–C</figureCitation>
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); pterostigma dark brown to light brownish, usually wider than long, rhomboid-shaped; apical area beyond Sc+R with two rows of cells; forewing without triangular projection on the anal area. Moreover, the proximal 1/3 of flagellomeres in male with distinctly S-shaped (
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<figureCitation id="6EABA496FF9C4145FB2625F74EA5FD46" box="[1165,1257,711,738]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1938]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1436,181,1890]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ascalaphus prothoracicus (Kimmins). Male. A. Dorsal habitus of head and thorax; B. Same, female; C. Lateral habitus; D–E. Antenna: D. Male; E. Female; E. Head, anterior view. Scale bars: 5.0 mm (C); 2.0 mm (A–B); 1.0 mm (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766563" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766563/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
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), but straight in female (
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<figureCitation id="6EABA496FF9C4145FF5825DB4B07FCA2" box="[243,331,747,774]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1938]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1436,181,1890]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ascalaphus prothoracicus (Kimmins). Male. A. Dorsal habitus of head and thorax; B. Same, female; C. Lateral habitus; D–E. Antenna: D. Male; E. Female; E. Head, anterior view. Scale bars: 5.0 mm (C); 2.0 mm (A–B); 1.0 mm (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766563" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766563/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
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); the mesoscutum anteromedially with a brownish triangular process (more prominent in male but smaller in female) (
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<figureCitation id="6EABA496FF9C4145FED1243F4BB1FC8E" box="[378,509,783,810]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1938]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1436,181,1890]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ascalaphus prothoracicus (Kimmins). Male. A. Dorsal habitus of head and thorax; B. Same, female; C. Lateral habitus; D–E. Antenna: D. Male; E. Female; E. Head, anterior view. Scale bars: 5.0 mm (C); 2.0 mm (A–B); 1.0 mm (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766563" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766563/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 6A–B</figureCitation>
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); the abdominal terga 4–6 with or without dense, long black setae in male (
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<figureCitation id="6EABA496FF9C4145FAC0243F4A92FCE9" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[408,1171,193,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-19@8.[407,1181,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Ascalaphus prothoracicus (Kimmins). Male. A–C. Dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766557" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766557/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 4A–C</figureCitation>
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), absent in female (
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<figureCitation id="6EABA496FF9C4145FE1324034874FCE9" box="[440,568,818,845]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[291,1291,190,1908]" captionTargetId="figure-19@9.[276,1311,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Ascalaphus prothoracicus (Kimmins). Female. A–C. Dorsal habitus. Scale bar: 5.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766561" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766561/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Figs 5A–C</figureCitation>
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).
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BE8AEB98FF9C4145FF6C24674B9BFB11" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9C4145FF6C24674B9BFB11" blockId="6.[151,1437,602,1205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FF6C24674B4AFCD5" bold="true" box="[199,262,855,881]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Note.</emphasis>
|
||
To date, eight species of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FD3B2467495DFCD5" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[656,785,855,881]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FD3B2467495DFCD5" box="[656,785,855,881]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Ascalaphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
have been recorded from Asia and Pacific Islands (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FAE024674A9FFC31" author="Sziraki, G." pageId="6" pageNumber="407" pagination="57 - 72" refId="ref28571" refString="Sziraki, G. (1998) An annotated checklist of the Ascalaphidae species known from Asia and from the Pacific Islands. Folia Entomologica Hungarica, 59, 57 - 72. [BotN ref # 9362]" type="journal article" year="1998">Sziráki 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Two of them, i.e.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FE18244B4969FC31" authority="(Kimmins, 1949)" baseAuthorityName="Kimmins" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[435,805,891,917]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FE18244B4810FC31" box="[435,604,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. abdominalis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FDC0244B4950FC31" author="Kimmins, D." box="[619,796,891,917]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref26581" refString="Kimmins, D. E (1949) Notes on Ascalaphidae in the British Museum collections, with descriptions of new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 2, 1 - 29. [BotN ref # 3277] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934908653955" type="journal article" year="1949">Kimmins, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FCF0244B4E1EFC31" authority="Walker, 1853" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[859,1106,890,917]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicax">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FCF0244B49FBFC31" box="[859,951,891,917]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. dicax</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FC16244B4E1EFC31" author="Walker, F." box="[957,1106,890,917]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" refId="ref28820" refString="Walker, F. (1853) Catalogue of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II (Sialidae- Nemopterides). Newman, London, 284 pp. [pp. 193 - 476, BotN ref # 6194]" type="book" year="1853">Walker, 1853</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9C4145FB3C244B4EB5FC31" box="[1175,1273,891,917]" name="Pakistan" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
, were listed as present in the National Museums of Scotland by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FD6F24AF49EDFC1D" author="Whittington, A. E." box="[708,929,927,953]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" pagination="371 - 387" refId="ref29063" refString="Whittington, A. E. (2002) Resources in Scottish Neuropterology. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 48, 371 - 387. [BotN ref # 10317]" type="journal article" year="2002">Whittington (2002)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, but without precise location data. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FF3C24F34BE0FC79" baseAuthorityName="Kimmins" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[151,428,963,989]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FF3C24F34BE0FC79" box="[151,428,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Ascalaphus abdominalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FE4324F3480AFC79" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[488,582,963,989]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicax">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FE4324F3480AFC79" box="[488,582,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. dicax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are widely distributed in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9C4145FCDA24F349E7FC79" box="[881,939,963,989]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="6EABA496FF9C4145FC1724F34E5FFC79" box="[956,1043,963,989]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="43.[151,250,1920,1944]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,1086,1894]" captionTargetId="figure-32@43.[151,1437,1080,1896]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 27. Distribution map of the Ascalaphus species from Asia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766645" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766645/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
|
||
). Despite no precise location, it is possible to infer that it was collected in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="345476F1FF9C4145FD2E24D74971FBA5" box="[645,829,999,1025]" country="India" name="Punjab" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Punjab province</collectingRegion>
|
||
because of the distribution data of these species from the neighbouring countries, i.e.,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9C4145FDAC233B480DFB81" box="[519,577,1035,1061]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9C4145FDD1233B48E7FB81" box="[634,683,1035,1061]" name="Iran" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Iran</collectingCountry>
|
||
. No new specimens were recorded in this study. The finding of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FA2F233B4BB3FBED" authority="(Kimmins, 1949)" baseAuthorityName="Kimmins" baseAuthorityYear="1949" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prothoracicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FA2F233B4B7FFBED" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. prothoracicus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FEEF231F4BBBFBED" author="Kimmins, D." box="[324,503,1071,1097]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref26581" refString="Kimmins, D. E (1949) Notes on Ascalaphidae in the British Museum collections, with descriptions of new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 2, 1 - 29. [BotN ref # 3277] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934908653955" type="journal article" year="1949">Kimmins, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is a new record for
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9C4145FD40231F4902FBED" box="[747,846,1071,1097]" name="Pakistan" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
; the species was originally described from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9C4145FA95231F4F34FBED" box="[1342,1400,1071,1097]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FF3C23634B1EFBC9" author="Kimmins, D." box="[151,338,1107,1133]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref26581" refString="Kimmins, D. E (1949) Notes on Ascalaphidae in the British Museum collections, with descriptions of new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 2, 1 - 29. [BotN ref # 3277] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934908653955" type="journal article" year="1949">Kimmins (1949)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and placed in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FDDB236348BBFBC9" authorityName="McLachlan" authorityYear="1873" box="[624,759,1107,1133]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Helicomitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FDDB236348BBFBC9" box="[624,759,1107,1133]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Helicomitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Tjeder later (1972) considered
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FBCD23634EA1FBC9" authorityName="McLachlan" authorityYear="1873" box="[1126,1261,1107,1133]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Helicomitus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FBCD23634EA1FBC9" box="[1126,1261,1107,1133]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Helicomitus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FF3C2347487FFB35" authority="(Oswald & Penny 1991)" baseAuthorityName="Oswald & Penny" baseAuthorityYear="1991" box="[151,563,1143,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FF3C23474B54FB35" box="[151,280,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Ascalaphus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FE8C23474866FB35" author="Oswald, J. D. & Penny, N. D." box="[295,554,1143,1169]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" pagination="1 - 94" refId="ref28351" refString="Oswald, J. D. & Penny, N. D. (1991) Genus-group names of the Neuroptera, Megaloptera and Raphidioptera of the world. Occasional Papers of the California Academy of Sciences, 147, 1 - 94. [BotN ref # 7138] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. part. 3428" type="journal article" year="1991">Oswald & Penny 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Prior to this study
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FCA72347498BFB35" baseAuthorityName="Kimmins" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[780,967,1143,1169]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prothoracicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FCA72347498BFB35" box="[780,967,1143,1169]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. prothoracicus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was known only from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9C4145FB6223474F4FFB35" box="[1225,1283,1143,1169]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9C4145FA9223474FD1FB35" box="[1337,1437,1143,1169]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FF3423AB4B60FB11" author="Ghosh, S. K." box="[159,300,1179,1205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" pagination="163 - 191" refId="ref26134" refString="Ghosh, S. K. (1988) Contribution to the taxonomical studies of Neuroptera (suborder Planipennia) from eastern India. II. Family Ascalaphidae. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 85, 163 - 191. [BotN ref # 9656]" type="journal article" year="1988">Ghosh 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FE9C23AB4B87FB11" author="Michel, B." box="[311,459,1178,1205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" pagination="217 - 223" refId="ref27277" refString="Michel, B. (2005) A contribution to knowledge of the owlflies of Thailand (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Berlin, 52, 217 - 223. [BotN ref # 11675] https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 200410013" type="journal article" year="2005">Michel 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSection id="9F1FA1F8FF9C4145FF3C22374FD1FA49" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="key">
|
||
<subSubSection id="BE8AEB98FF9C4145FF3C223748D8FA84" box="[151,660,1286,1313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="multiple">
|
||
<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9C4145FF3C223748D8FA84" blockId="6.[151,660,1286,1313]" box="[151,660,1286,1313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<heading id="AD670F7FFF9C4145FF3C223748D8FA84" bold="true" box="[151,660,1286,1313]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FF3C223748D8FA84" bold="true" box="[151,660,1286,1313]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
Key to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FF5A22364B31FA85" box="[241,381,1286,1313]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FF5A22364B31FA85" bold="true" box="[241,381,1286,1313]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Ascalaphus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF9C4145FD8C223648D8FA84" box="[551,660,1286,1312]" name="Pakistan" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BE8AEB98FF9C4145FF3C22754FD1FA49" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" type="key">
|
||
<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9C4145FF3C22754FD0FADC" blockId="6.[151,1437,1349,1518]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
1. Mesonotum anteromedially with a distinct brownish triangular process in male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6EABA496FF9C4145FC5C22754E0AFAFF" box="[1015,1094,1349,1371]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1938]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1436,181,1890]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ascalaphus prothoracicus (Kimmins). Male. A. Dorsal habitus of head and thorax; B. Same, female; C. Lateral habitus; D–E. Antenna: D. Male; E. Female; E. Head, anterior view. Scale bars: 5.0 mm (C); 2.0 mm (A–B); 1.0 mm (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766563" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766563/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||
), relatively smaller in female (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6EABA496FF9C4145FADE22754FD1FAFF" box="[1397,1437,1349,1371]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1914,1938]" captionTargetBox="[163,1424,193,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-19@10.[151,1436,181,1890]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Ascalaphus prothoracicus (Kimmins). Male. A. Dorsal habitus of head and thorax; B. Same, female; C. Lateral habitus; D–E. Antenna: D. Male; E. Female; E. Head, anterior view. Scale bars: 5.0 mm (C); 2.0 mm (A–B); 1.0 mm (E)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766563" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766563/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">Fig.</figureCitation>
|
||
6B)...........................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FB2922524FD0FADC" ID-CoL="H55H" authority="(Kimmins)" baseAuthorityName="Kimmins" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[1154,1436,1378,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prothoracicus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FB2922524FD0FADC" bold="true" box="[1154,1436,1378,1400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FB2922524F6BFADC" bold="true" box="[1154,1319,1378,1400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. prothoracicus</emphasis>
|
||
(Kimmins)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9C4145FF3C22B04FD0FA30" blockId="6.[151,1437,1349,1518]" box="[151,1436,1407,1430]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
_. Mesonotum without any process (Kimminis, 1949: figs 1A, E [A =
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FCC022B049E6FA31" box="[875,938,1408,1429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">dixcax</emphasis>
|
||
; E =
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FC7322B04E03FA31" ID-CoL="H4ZH" baseAuthorityName="Kimmins" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[984,1103,1408,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FC7322B04E03FA31" box="[984,1103,1408,1429]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">abdominalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
])........................ ..
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FA3B224F4FD0FA30" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,1407,1428]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">2</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9C4145FF3C22AD4FD0FA74" blockId="6.[151,1437,1349,1518]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
2. Tergum 4 with a median dilation in lateral view, densely covered with short black setae (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF9C4145FB9822AD4E82FA16" author="Kimmins, D." box="[1075,1230,1437,1459]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" pagination="1 - 29" refId="ref26581" refString="Kimmins, D. E (1949) Notes on Ascalaphidae in the British Museum collections, with descriptions of new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 2, 1 - 29. [BotN ref # 3277] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934908653955" type="journal article" year="1949">Kimmins, 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 3).........................................................................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FB39228A4FD0FA74" ID-CoL="H4ZH" authority="(Kimmins)" baseAuthorityName="Kimmins" baseAuthorityYear="1949" box="[1170,1436,1466,1488]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abdominalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FB39228A4FD0FA74" bold="true" box="[1170,1436,1466,1488]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FB39228A4F6BFA74" bold="true" box="[1170,1319,1466,1488]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. abdominalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Kimmins)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F62FB813FF9C4145FF3C22E84FD1FA49" blockId="6.[151,1437,1349,1518]" box="[151,1437,1495,1518]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
_. Tergum 4 without dilation, covered with short black setae..........................................
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF9C4145FB5122E84FD1FA49" ID-CoL="H52T" authority="Walker" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[1274,1437,1495,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="407" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dicax">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FB5122E84FD1FA49" bold="true" box="[1274,1437,1495,1517]" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF9C4145FB5122E84F07FA49" bold="true" box="[1274,1355,1495,1517]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="407">A. dicax</emphasis>
|
||
Walker
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |