261 lines
32 KiB
XML
261 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="BB2210C06FB5E797E8EDC1A8BA7E26E8" ID-CLB-Dataset="6265" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4970.3.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="47aa6d7b-d71f-43b3-8587-453e07fa1c4b" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4766543" ID-ZooBank="50B110AA-35A4-4F96-9C00-22C6F63BF463" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1621229352527" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hassan, Muhammad Asghar & Liu, Xingyue" docDate="2021" docId="7E390905FF984140FF3C22A54E14FE75" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4970.3.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4970 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Acheron Lefebvre 1842" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="404" masterDocId="8200717DFF9A4143FFAB27304A4CFFA4" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes on owlflies from Pakistan (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae Ascalaphinae)" masterLastPageNumber="452" masterPageNumber="401" pageNumber="403" updateTime="1698939901842" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="27C9723750BB3B24FC1A7EAED9890A8E">
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<mods:title id="567929443CF1CF3E1925967A233E1823">Taxonomic notes on owlflies from Pakistan (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae Ascalaphinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="295A6E9167648CA6A3E773DEBB1720A9" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AE42D3B7D70B374BB160DCFEB21152FE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="308D6BDE72A6B0C8CE26268702F80FC4">Hassan, Muhammad Asghar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1731E7470CEF1BB2B4B33B02447D6933">Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="458CF5A40B4C3A671E4135F46E734B5C">Liu, Xingyue</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="87E606BEF916BF7A414758AEE53C4A65">Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="49840674C1823AA555272316C7B12607">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2180C6C3631743C43016E0CC9A387081">
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<mods:date id="F3551C0E20811ED4C93F895C6C948814">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C6F60E9D3E468456ECE13C3EF7F17E42">2021-05-17</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7B74F2EFA3EF6680448E4EFAAB54778A">4970</mods:number>
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<treatment id="7E390905FF984140FF3C22A54E14FE75" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766545" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182598562" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4766545" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E390905FF984140FF3C22A54E14FE75" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E390905FF984140FF3C22A54E14FE75" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="404" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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<subSubSection id="BE8AEB98FF984141FF3C22A54854FA0B" box="[151,536,1428,1456]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="F62FB813FF984141FF3C22A54854FA0B" blockId="2.[151,536,1428,1456]" box="[151,536,1428,1456]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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<heading id="AD670F7FFF984141FF3C22A54854FA0B" bold="true" box="[151,536,1428,1456]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FF3C22A54854FA0B" bold="true" box="[151,536,1428,1456]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FF4522A54854FA0B" ID-CoL="MQQ" ID-ENA="2650845" authority="Lefebvre, 1842" authorityName="Lefebvre" authorityYear="1842" box="[238,536,1428,1456]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Acheron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FF4522A54B1AFA14" bold="true" box="[238,342,1429,1456]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Acheron</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF984141FEF522A44854FA0B" author="Lefebvre, A." box="[350,536,1428,1455]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref26888" refString="Lefebvre, A. (1842) Le genre Ascalaphus Fabr. Guerin-Meneville, 4, 1 - 10. [BotN ref # 3666]" type="journal article" year="1842">Lefèbvre, 1842</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BE8AEB98FF984141FF3C22EA4F13FA55" box="[151,1375,1497,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F62FB813FF984141FF3C22EA4F13FA55" blockId="2.[151,1375,1497,1522]" box="[151,1375,1497,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D6809F3DFF984141FF3C22EA4F13FA55" box="[151,1375,1497,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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<treatmentCitation id="77319E02FF984141FF3C22EA4BE6FA56" author="Lefebvre, A." box="[151,426,1498,1522]" page="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1842">
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FF3C22EA4BE6FA56" ID-CoL="MQQ" authority="Lefebvre, 1842: 6" authorityName="Lefebvre" authorityPageNumber="6" authorityYear="1842" box="[151,426,1498,1522]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Acheron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FF3C22EA4AA0FA56" box="[151,236,1498,1522]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Acheron</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF984141FF5922EA4BE6FA56" author="Lefebvre, A." box="[242,426,1498,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref26888" refString="Lefebvre, A. (1842) Le genre Ascalaphus Fabr. Guerin-Meneville, 4, 1 - 10. [BotN ref # 3666]" type="journal article" year="1842">Lefèbvre, 1842: 6</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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<typeStatus id="292B06B1FF984141FE1822EA4BA9FA56" box="[435,485,1498,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<treatmentCitation id="77319E02FF984141FDE822EA4989FA55" author="Walker, F." box="[579,965,1497,1522]" page="435" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1853">
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FDE822EA4989FA55" ID-CoL="H54H" authority="Walker, 1853: 435" authorityName="Walker" authorityPageNumber="435" authorityYear="1853" box="[579,965,1497,1522]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FDE822EA494EFA56" box="[579,770,1498,1522]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Ascalaphus longus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF984141FCA322EA4989FA55" author="Walker, F." box="[776,965,1497,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refId="ref28820" refString="Walker, F. (1853) Catalogue of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II (Sialidae- Nemopterides). Newman, London, 284 pp. [pp. 193 - 476, BotN ref # 6194]" type="book" year="1853">Walker, 1853: 435</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. Designated by
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<treatmentCitation id="77319E02FF984141FBCD22EA4F17FA55" author="McLachlan, R." box="[1126,1371,1497,1522]" page="265" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" year="1873">
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF984141FBCD22EA4F17FA55" author="McLachlan, R." box="[1126,1371,1497,1522]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" pagination="219 - 276" refId="ref27390" refString="McLachlan, R. (1873 a) An attempt towards a systematic classification of the family Ascalaphidae. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 11, 219 - 276. [BotN ref # 353] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1871. tb 02588. x" type="journal article" year="1873">McLachlan, 1873a: 265</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BE8AEB98FF984140FF3C21104E14FE75" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="404" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="F62FB813FF984141FF3C21104E85F96E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1568,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FF3C21104B5EF99E" bold="true" box="[151,274,1568,1594]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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The presence of distinct lateral spines on the basal antennal segments in the male and the larger forewing length (c.
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<quantity id="316815F6FF984141FEAC21744B1BF9FA" box="[263,343,1604,1631]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" unit="mm" value="45.0">45 mm</quantity>
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) are diagnostic characters for distinguishing this genus from all known genera in the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FAEC21744A9DF926" authorityName="Lefebvre" authorityYear="1842" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Ascalaphini">Ascalaphini</taxonomicName>
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except
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FE8C21584835F926" authority="McLachlan, 1873" authorityName="McLachlan" authorityYear="1873" box="[295,633,1640,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Glyptobasis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FE8C21584BE1F926" box="[295,429,1640,1666]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Glyptobasis</emphasis>
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McLachlan,
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<quantity id="316815F6FF984141FDEA21584835F926" box="[577,633,1640,1666]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75742" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" unit="in" value="1873.0">1873</quantity>
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</taxonomicName>
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in
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF984141FD37215848B3F926" box="[668,767,1640,1666]" name="Pakistan" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
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. It can be distinguished from
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FBE321584E82F926" authorityName="McLachlan" authorityYear="1873" box="[1096,1230,1640,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Glyptobasis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FBE321584E82F926" box="[1096,1230,1640,1666]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Glyptobasis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by lack of distinct triangular projection on the anal area of forewing (
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<figureCitation id="6EABA496FF984141FD7D21BC4950F902" box="[726,796,1676,1702]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1230,1254]" captionTargetBox="[156,1424,192,1196]" captionTargetId="figure-19@5.[151,1436,181,1206]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. Acheron longus (Walker). Male. Right fore- and hind wing. Scale bar: 2.0 mm. Abbreviations: C = Costa; Sc = Subcosta; RA = Radius anterior; RP = Radius posterior; MA = Media anterior; MP = Media posterior; CuA = Cubitus anterior; CuP = Cubitus posterior; A = Anal vein; Pt = Pterostigma." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766551" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766551/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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), which is well-developed in
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FBC721BC4EBEF902" authorityName="McLachlan" authorityYear="1873" box="[1132,1266,1676,1702]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Glyptobasis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FBC721BC4EBEF902" box="[1132,1266,1676,1702]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Glyptobasis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="6EABA496FF984141FAA921BC4F04F902" box="[1282,1352,1676,1702]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1923,1947]" captionTargetBox="[156,1429,1095,1891]" captionTargetId="figure-322@13.[151,1436,1090,1899]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Glyptobasis dentifera (Westwood). Female, habitus. Scale bar: 5.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766573" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766573/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
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). Apart from other differences, considerable variation in wing coloration has been noticed in this genus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F62FB813FF984141FF6C21E44F3AF84E" blockId="2.[151,1437,1568,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">
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||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FF6C21E44B4AF94A" bold="true" box="[199,262,1748,1774]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Note.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF984141FEA521E44BA1F94A" author="McLachlan, R." box="[270,493,1748,1774]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" pagination="219 - 276" refId="ref27390" refString="McLachlan, R. (1873 a) An attempt towards a systematic classification of the family Ascalaphidae. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, 11, 219 - 276. [BotN ref # 353] https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1871. tb 02588. x" type="journal article" year="1873">McLachlan (1873a)</bibRefCitation>
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speculated about the stages of maturity in four species described by
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||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF984141FB5221E44FD0F94B" author="Walker, F." box="[1273,1436,1748,1775]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" refId="ref28820" refString="Walker, F. (1853) Catalogue of the specimens of neuropterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part II (Sialidae- Nemopterides). Newman, London, 284 pp. [pp. 193 - 476, BotN ref # 6194]" type="book" year="1853">Walker (1853)</bibRefCitation>
|
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belonging to the genus
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||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FE3521C84853F8B6" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[414,543,1784,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FE3521C84853F8B6" box="[414,543,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Ascalaphus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, i.e.,
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FDF521C84882F8B6" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[606,718,1784,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anticus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FDF521C84882F8B6" box="[606,718,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">A. anticus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FCAF21C84923F8B6" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[772,879,1784,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longus">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FCAF21C84923F8B6" box="[772,879,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">A. longus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from Bengal,
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FBBA21C84E31F8B6" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[1041,1149,1784,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loquax">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FBBA21C84E31F8B6" box="[1041,1149,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">A. loquax</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from
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<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF984141FB6921C84F4AF8B6" box="[1218,1286,1784,1810]" name="Brazil" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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[misprint for Bengal], and
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<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FE99202C4BCDF892" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[306,385,1820,1846]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trux">
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<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FE99202C4BCDF892" box="[306,385,1820,1846]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">A. trux</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||
without label data. These species were described based on the variability of color patterns. Later, McLachlan attempted to correlate the color patterns to the maturity of individuals within the species, i.e., the older the specimens, the darker the coloration. Thus, he treated
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FCC820544998F8DA" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[867,980,1892,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FCC820544998F8DA" box="[867,980,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">A. anticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FC4920544E01F8DA" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[994,1101,1892,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loquax">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FC4920544E01F8DA" box="[994,1101,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">A. loquax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FB2E20544E9DF8DA" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[1157,1233,1892,1918]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trux">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FB2E20544E9DF8DA" box="[1157,1233,1892,1918]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">A. trux</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as the junior synonyms of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FEAD20B84B3CF806" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[262,368,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FEAD20B84B3CF806" box="[262,368,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">A. longus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and transferred them to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FDD420B84891F806" authorityName="Lefebvre" authorityYear="1842" box="[639,733,1928,1954]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Acheron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FDD420B84891F806" box="[639,733,1928,1954]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">Acheron</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Since the coloration in owlflies is known to change after preservation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF984141FF55209C484BF862" author="Michel, B. & Mansell, M. W." box="[254,519,1964,1990]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref27329" refString="Michel, B. & Mansell, M. W. (2018) A new genus and species of owlfly from eastern and southern Africa (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae). European Journal of Taxonomy, 413, 1 - 12. [BotN ref # 16345] https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2018.413" type="journal article" year="2018">Michel & Mansell 2018</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), the two subspecies, viz.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FCB5209C49B3F863" authority="trux (Walker)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" box="[798,1023,1964,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="trux" subSpecies="trux">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FCB5209C49D5F862" box="[798,921,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">A. trux trux</emphasis>
|
||
(Walker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF984141FB99209C4F7EF863" authority="(Walker)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" box="[1074,1330,1964,1991]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="trux" subSpecies="loquax">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF984141FB99209C4E80F862" box="[1074,1228,1964,1990]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="403">A. trux loquax</emphasis>
|
||
(Walker)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
proposed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF984141FF1220E04B1DF84E" author="Ghosh, S. K." box="[185,337,2000,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" pagination="163 - 191" refId="ref26134" refString="Ghosh, S. K. (1988) Contribution to the taxonomical studies of Neuroptera (suborder Planipennia) from eastern India. II. Family Ascalaphidae. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 85, 163 - 191. [BotN ref # 9656]" type="journal article" year="1988">Ghosh (1988)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based on variations in wing markings, have been considered as synonyms (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF984141FB2020E04F26F84E" author="van der Weele, H. W." box="[1163,1386,2000,2026]" pageId="2" pageNumber="403" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref29095" refString="van der Weele, H. W. (1909) Ascalaphiden. Collections Zoologiques du Baron Edm. de Selys Longchamps, Catalogue Systematique et Descriptif, 8, 1 - 326. [BotN ref # 420]" type="journal article" year="1909">van der Weele 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F62FB813FF994140FF6C27A74E14FE75" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF994140FF6C27A74BEBFF15" author="Tauber, C. A. & Simmons, Z. & Tauber, A. J." box="[199,423,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref28652" refString="Tauber, C. A., Simmons, Z. & Tauber, A. J. (2019) Type specimens of Neuropterida in the Hope Entomological Collection, Oxford University Museum of Natural History. ZooKeys, 823, 1 - 126. [BotN ref # 18513] https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 823.30231" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Tauber
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF994140FEB727A74B19FF15" box="[284,341,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported that the
|
||
<typeStatus id="292B06B1FF994140FDC427A748D3FF15" box="[623,671,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">type</typeStatus>
|
||
depository of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF994140FCEF27A749B9FF15" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[836,1013,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Acheron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF994140FCEF27A749B9FF15" box="[836,1013,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">Acheron longus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
comprised
|
||
<specimenCount id="E096739AFF994140FBD327A74F48FF15" box="[1144,1284,151,177]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" type="female">three female</specimenCount>
|
||
specimens at Oxford University Museum of Natural History (OUMNH),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF994140FC9A278B49BCFF71" box="[817,1008,187,213]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
|
||
; two of them have label data as Silhet,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF994140FF3C27EF4B56FF5D" box="[151,282,223,249]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
|
||
(previously known as
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8E87F883FF994140FD8A27EF48E3FF5E" box="[545,687,223,250]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">East Bengal</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Instead of following McLachlan’s work (1873a),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF994140FB5227EF4AAEFEB9" author="van der Weele, H. W." pageId="3" pageNumber="404" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref29095" refString="van der Weele, H. W. (1909) Ascalaphiden. Collections Zoologiques du Baron Edm. de Selys Longchamps, Catalogue Systematique et Descriptif, 8, 1 - 326. [BotN ref # 420]" type="journal article" year="1909">van der Weele (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
synonymized
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF994140FE2D26334BBBFEB8" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[390,503,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anticus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF994140FE2D26334BBBFEB8" box="[390,503,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">A. anticus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF994140FDAE2633483CFEB9" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[517,624,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="loquax">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF994140FDAE2633483CFEB9" box="[517,624,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">A. loquax</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF994140FD032633495FFEB9" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[680,787,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Acheron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF994140FD032633495FFEB9" box="[680,787,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">A. longus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF994140FCCA263349E2FEB8" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[865,942,259,285]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trux">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF994140FCCA263349E2FEB8" box="[865,942,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">A. trux</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Following
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF994140FB9C26334F67FEB9" author="van der Weele, H. W." box="[1079,1323,259,285]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" pagination="1 - 326" refId="ref29095" refString="van der Weele, H. W. (1909) Ascalaphiden. Collections Zoologiques du Baron Edm. de Selys Longchamps, Catalogue Systematique et Descriptif, 8, 1 - 326. [BotN ref # 420]" type="journal article" year="1909">van der Weele (1909)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, later taxonomists used
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF994140FE9426174BC7FEE4" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1853" box="[319,395,295,321]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Ascalaphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trux">
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF994140FE9426174BC7FEE4" box="[319,395,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">A. trux</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a valid species name (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF994140FD0226174978FEE5" author="Fraser, F. C." box="[681,820,295,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" pagination="511 - 520" refId="ref25975" refString="Fraser, F. C. (1922) Some oriental Ascalaphidae in the Indian Museum. Records of the Indian Museum, Calcutta, 24, 511 - 520. [BotN ref # 2382]" type="journal article" year="1922">Fraser 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF994140FCEB26174E57FEE5" author="Ghosh, S. K. & Sen, S." box="[832,1051,295,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" pagination="277 - 326" refId="ref26058" refString="Ghosh, S. K. & Sen, S. (1977) Check-list of Indian Planipennia (Order Neuroptera). Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 73, 277 - 326. [BotN ref # 2592]" type="journal article" year="1977">Ghosh & Sen 1977</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF994140FB8C26174EFFFEE5" author="Ghosh, S. K." box="[1063,1203,295,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" pagination="163 - 191" refId="ref26134" refString="Ghosh, S. K. (1988) Contribution to the taxonomical studies of Neuroptera (suborder Planipennia) from eastern India. II. Family Ascalaphidae. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, 85, 163 - 191. [BotN ref # 9656]" type="journal article" year="1988">Ghosh 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF994140FB1526174EB6FEE5" author="Ghosh, S. K." box="[1214,1274,295,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref26183" refString="Ghosh, S. K. (2000) Neuroptera fauna of North-East India. Records of the Zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper, 184, i - xiii + 1 - 179. [BotN ref # 11664]" type="journal article" year="2000">2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF994140FAAD26174FDBFEE5" author="Michel, B." box="[1286,1431,294,321]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" pagination="217 - 223" refId="ref27277" refString="Michel, B. (2005) A contribution to knowledge of the owlflies of Thailand (Neuroptera: Ascalaphidae). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift, Berlin, 52, 217 - 223. [BotN ref # 11675] https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 200410013" type="journal article" year="2005">Michel 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF994140FF3C267B4B16FEC1" author="Wang, X. L. & Zhan, Q. B. & Wang, A. Q." box="[151,346,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" refId="ref28928" refString="Wang, X. L., Zhan, Q. B. & Wang, A. Q. (2018) Fauna Sinica. Insecta Vol. 68. Neuroptera, Myrmeleontoidea. Science Press, Beijing, [viii] + x + 285 pp. [BotN ref # 18130]" type="book" year="2018">
|
||
Wang
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF994140FF74267B4B5BFEC1" box="[223,279,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2018
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), a practice that was recently corrected by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9201C5E2FF994140FC92267B4E5BFEC1" author="Tauber, C. A. & Simmons, Z. & Tauber, A. J." box="[825,1047,331,357]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" pagination="1 - 126" refId="ref28652" refString="Tauber, C. A., Simmons, Z. & Tauber, A. J. (2019) Type specimens of Neuropterida in the Hope Entomological Collection, Oxford University Museum of Natural History. ZooKeys, 823, 1 - 126. [BotN ref # 18513] https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 823.30231" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||
Tauber
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF994140FC26267B498AFEC1" box="[909,966,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2019)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in accordance to ICZN Article 24, since the first reviser “was justified in establishing precedence among the simultaneously published names”. Thus,
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF994140FF3C26A34B45FE09" box="[151,265,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3190C390FF994140FF3C26A34B49FE09" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1853" box="[151,261,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Ascalaphidae" genus="Acheron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="404" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longus">A. longus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
which is the name the authors selected as the senior synonym, has priority over the other three names.
|
||
<emphasis id="C4E46401FF994140FF3C26874A8FFE75" box="[151,195,439,465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="404">The</emphasis>
|
||
distributional range of this monotypic genus is widespread in the Oriental region.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |