328 lines
36 KiB
XML
328 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.671.9081" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9b6d9f74-36b5-4d2c-a518-cee77fbeda7a" ID-PMC="PMC5523213" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-671-131" ID-PubMed="28769664" ID-ZBK="9742DC49F9254B4BB44017354BDDB4B5" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-671-131" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 671" ModsDocTitle="New records and description of two new species of carideans shrimps from Bahía Santa María-La Reforma lagoon, Gulf of California, Mexico (Crustacea, Caridea, Alpheidae and Processidae)" checkinTime="1493377938103" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salgado-Barragan, Jose, Ayon-Parente, Manuel & Zamora-Tavares, Pilar" docDate="2017" docId="7E229443AF3DFDD02D80E77BDA531CDE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 671: 131-153" docOrigin="ZooKeys 671" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.671.9081" docTitle="Alpheus margaritae Salgado-Barragan, Ayon-Parente & Zamora-Tavares, 2017, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="6956A091-E7C7-4313-975F-5DC82A4CC409" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="132" masterDocId="6D44FFF6FFADFFAD256BFFC2FFA9FF88" masterDocTitle="New records and description of two new species of carideans shrimps from Bahia Santa Maria-La Reforma lagoon, Gulf of California, Mexico (Crustacea, Caridea, Alpheidae and Processidae)" masterLastPageNumber="153" masterPageNumber="131" pageNumber="131" updateTime="1668164429817" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New records and description of two new species of carideans shrimps from Bahia Santa Maria-La Reforma lagoon, Gulf of California, Mexico (Crustacea, Caridea, Alpheidae and Processidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Salgado-Barragan, Jose</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ayon-Parente, Manuel</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Zamora-Tavares, Pilar</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>671</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>131</mods:start>
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<mods:end>153</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.671.9081</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.671.9081</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-671-131</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">9742DC49F9254B4BB44017354BDDB4B5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9742DC49F9254B4BB44017354BDDB4B5</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="128810476" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6956A091-E7C7-4313-975F-5DC82A4CC409" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E229443AF3DFDD02D80E77BDA531CDE" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/6956A091-E7C7-4313-975F-5DC82A4CC409" class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus margaritae" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">Alpheus margaritae</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="131">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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Holotype: Male (CL 4.6 mm), Costa Azul Island, Santa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="María-La">Maria-La</normalizedToken>
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Reforma, Sinaloa, Mexico,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="25.09889">25°5'56"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-108.13278">108°7'58"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 0.1-0.3 m, mudflat with gravel at neap tide, March 30, 2015, (EMU- 10580). Paratypes: all same locality and data as holotype, 5 females (CL 3.0-5.7), 2 ovigerous females (CL 4.3-5.6 mm), 1 juvenile (CL 2.3 mm), (EMU-10581); paratypes, same locality and data as holotype, 1 male (CL 6.5 mm), 1 ovigerous female (CL 5.8 mm), (CNCR 32595).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus margaritae" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">Alpheus margaritae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Female paratype from Isla Costa Azul, Santa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="María-La">Maria-La</normalizedToken>
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Reforma costal lagoon, Sinaloa, Mexico (EMU-10581), lateral view, color in life.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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Ocular hoods unarmed. Antepenultimate segment of third maxilliped broad. Scaphocerite with concave lateral margins, distolateral tooth overreaching the distal margin of the inner blade, inner blade almost reaching the distal end of antennular peduncle. Major
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea cheliped" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheliped">cheliped</taxonomicName>
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markedly compressed, with grooves on both dorsal and ventral margins. Pereopods 3-5 with dactylus subspatulate; ischium of third and fourth pereopods with ventral spine.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Carapace glabrous (Fig. 2A, B), rostrum triangular, sharp, exceeding anterior margin of ocular hood, reaching 0.33 of visible portion of first antennular segment; rostral carina low and narrow, barely overpassing posterior end of eye; orbital hoods inflated dorsally and produced anteriorly, anterior margin convex, unarmed; orbitorostral groove shallow; pterygostomial margin slightly produced anteriorly below basis of basicerite. First antennular segment (Fig. 2A, B, E) bearing subtriangular carina on ventromesial margin, posterior margin of ventromesial carina convex, anterior margin concave, ventral margin with acute tip, directed anteriorly; second antennular segment approximately 2.0 times as long as wide, 1.5 times length of visible part of first segment, and 3.0 times as long as third segment; stylocerite almost reaching distal margin of first segment.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus margaritae" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">Alpheus margaritae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Paratype male, CL 6.5 mm (D, H, I), (CNCR 32595), Female paratype, CL 7.4 mm (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="E–G">E-G</normalizedToken>
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) (EMU-10581); A anterior portion of carapace and cephalic appendages, dorsal view B same in lateral view (setae omitted) C, D third maxilliped E antennular carina F abdomen, lateral view (setae omitted) G telson and uropods, dorsal view (setae partially omitted) H second pleopod I detail of appendices interna and masculina. Scale bars:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="F–H">F-H</normalizedToken>
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1 mm; E, I 0.2 mm
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Antenna (Fig. 2A, B) with lateral margin of scaphocerite slightly concave; distolateral tooth reaching distal end of antennular peduncle; inner blade falling short of tip of distolateral tooth; cleft between inner blade and distolateral tooth arising from approximately 0.25 of scaphocerite; carpocerite overpassing distal end of antennular peduncle by 0.4 length of third antennular segment; basicerite with acute lateral tooth.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Third maxilliped (Fig. 2C, D) reaching distal margin of carpocerite; last segment tapering distally, mesial surface setose, almost twice as long as penultimate segment; penultimate segment approximately twice as long as broad; antepenultimate segment fairly enlarged and flattened, approximately 2.6 times as long as broad, longer than the sum of preceding two segments; lateral surface smooth, mesial surface with sinuous carina bearing long setae; exopod falling near to median part of penultimate segment in holotype and two female paratypes, shorter than penultimate segment in males and the rest of females; precoxa with one arthrobranch near distal end and small supplementary arthrobranch near proximal end.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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Major
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea cheliped" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheliped">cheliped</taxonomicName>
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of first pereopods (Fig. 3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="A–D">A-D</normalizedToken>
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) narrow, 2.4 times as long as broad and with trace of fine granules at anterior half; fingers clearly narrower than palm, occupying the distal 0.4 of
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea chela" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chela">chela</taxonomicName>
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(0.35 in juveniles); movable finger with superior margin slightly arched at proximal two thirds and then right angled, tip narrow and acute; pollex acute at tip, inferior margin almost straight along proximal two thirds and convex along distal third; palm with superior and inferior transverse grooves; superior transverse groove broad and low, continuing to shallow elongated triangular depression on mesial face and continuing to shallow broad rectangular depression on lateral face; mesial superior depression continuing to proximal portion of palm; lateral superior depression continuing to linea impressa; linea impressa continuing with mesial upper longitudinal depression; inferior transverse groove fairly deep and broad with proximal shoulder slightly projecting, connecting to inverse V-shaped inferior lateral palmar depression; lateral palmar face with shallow depression below superior palmar depression and behind inferior palmar depression, and with median depression between the above two depressions and continuing to below proximal portion of dactylus; mesial palmar surface with elongate depression near inferior margin; a slightly depressed area between upper and lower longitudinal depressions and lower areas between and in front of upper and inferior transverse grooves; ventromesial margin of merus with trace of fine granules, bearing two minute movable teeth at proximal half, unarmed distal end; ventral surface with trace of fine granules in largest specimens.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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Figure 3.
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus margaritae" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">Alpheus margaritae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Female paratype, CL 7.4 mm (A, B) (EMU-10581); male paratype, CL 6.5 mm (C, D), (CNCR 32595); A, C
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea major" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">major</taxonomicName>
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first pereopod, mesial view B, D same, lateral view. Scale bars 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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<taxonomicName genus="Minor" lsidName="Minor chela" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="chela">Minor chela</taxonomicName>
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of first pereopods (Fig. 4A) elongate, 5.6 times as long as broad, with trace of fine granules inferiorly; fingers occupying 0.7 of
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea chela" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chela">chela</taxonomicName>
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; cutting edges barely serrated, subparallel when closed, apex deflexed inward; movable finger longer than immovable finger in most specimens; tips of fingers blunt to acute. Palm lacking sculpturing, with trace of fine granules on mesial face, swollen laterally and thicker than fingers. Merus with ventromesial margin bearing short setae, with two small movable teeth at proximal half.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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Second pereopod (Fig. 4B) reaching distal end of carpocerite beyond distal end of first segment of carpus. Chela shorter than the sum of three distal segments of carpus. Fingers of
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea chela" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chela">chela</taxonomicName>
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1.4 times as long as palm. First segment of carpus 1.4 times as long as second; second segment 2.6 times as long as third; fourth segment almost as long as third; fifth segment 1.7 times as long as fourth.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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Figure 4.
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus margaritae" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">Alpheus margaritae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Female paratype, CL 7.4 mm, (EMU-10581); A minor first pereopod, mesial view B left second pereopod, lateral view C left third pereopod, lateral view D left fourth pereopod, lateral view E left fifth pereopod, lateral view. Scale bars 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Dactylus of third pereopod (Fig. 4C) subspatulate, 0.5 times as long as propodus; propodus 1.4 times as long as carpus, with inferior margin bearing six small spines along its extension. Merus 5.6 times as long as broad and 1.8 times as long as carpus; ischium with ventral spine.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Fourth pereopod (Fig. 4D) similar to third pereopod; ischium with ventral spine.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Ischium of fifth pereopod (Fig. 4E) unarmed; propodus setose distally, setae increasing in number distally; dactylus subspatulate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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<taxonomicName genus="Pleura" lsidName="Pleura" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="genus">Pleura</taxonomicName>
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of first to fourth abdominal somites rounded ventrally, not overlapping each other much on ventral regions, that of fifth somite subtriangular on posterior ventral margin (Fig. 2F). Abdominal sternite unarmed at midline. Appendix masculina (Fig. 2H, I) slightly shorter than appendix interna.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Telson (Fig. 2G) Approximately 1.5 times as long as broad at anterior end, armed with two pairs of dorsal spines and low longitudinal median depression on dorsal surface; posterior margin very convex, with two pairs of postero-lateral spines, inner spine stronger, twice as long as outer. Uropodal endopod with fairly distinct mesial depression at anterior half; uropodal exopod bearing movable spine outside of transverse suture, movable spine flanked laterally by short immovable tooth and internally by round lobe; suture forming almost two straight lobes.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="habitat">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Habitat.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Soft mud with gravel composed of shells and rocks, in intertidal.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="color in life">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Color in life.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Creamy-white with irregular sparse olive green to light brown patches on dorsal surface of carapace, abdomen and telson; uropodal endopodite and distal lobe of exopodite olive green to light brown, proximal lobe of exopodite creamy-white; patches on abdominal plates tend to be more dense towards the rear; first pereopod olive green. No clear differences were observed between sexes (Fig. 1).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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Only known from
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Bahía">Bahia</normalizedToken>
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Santa
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<normalizedToken originalValue="María-La">Maria-La</normalizedToken>
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Reforma coastal lagoon, Sinaloa, Mexico.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">The species is named after Dr. Margarita Hermoso Salazar in recognition of her contributions to the knowledge of Mexican carideans.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="variation">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Variations.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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Body structures in
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus margaritae" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">Alpheus margaritae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. are similar between sexes; sculpture in
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea major" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">major</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea cheliped" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheliped">cheliped</taxonomicName>
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becomes deeper in larger specimens. Disparities among the specimens are:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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In nine of the twelve specimens the antepenultimate segment of the third maxilliped is approximately 2.5 times as long as broad, with a sinuous carina on the inner surface bearing long setae and the exopod not reaching the distal end of the antepenultimate segment (Fig. 2D), in three females the shape of that appendage is quite different; the antepenultimate segment of the third maxilliped is slender, without a well-defined inner carina and sparse long setae; the exopod is longer, reaching the middle of the penultimate segment (Fig. 2C); all specimens, with exception of the largest female, bear two spines on proximal half of inferior inner margin of merus of both
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea major" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">major</taxonomicName>
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and minor chelae and no distal spines are present. In the largest female those proximal spines are absent, although there are some marks in the place where the spines should be located, that likely indicates that spines were lost; relative length of fingers in minor first pereopod increases with the size of the specimens; ranging from 64% in the smallest juvenile to 72% in one of the largest females, with exception of one female (CL = 5.0 mm) whose fingers occupied only 45% of minor
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea chela" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chela">chela</taxonomicName>
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length. The latter
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea chela" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chela">chela</taxonomicName>
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does not seem to be damaged and does not appear to represents a case of regeneration.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
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<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus margaritae" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">Alpheus margaritae</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is morphologically similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. mazatlanicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="mazatlanicus">A. mazatlanicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. chacei" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="chacei">A. chacei</taxonomicName>
|
||
. These species share the absence of teeth on the ocular hoods, the antepenultimate segment of the third maxilliped being broad, the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea major" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">major</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea cheliped" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheliped">cheliped</taxonomicName>
|
||
markedly compressed with grooves on both dorsal and ventral margins, and pereopods 3-5 with subspatulate dactylus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
|
||
The new species and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
have the inferior inner margin of merus with spines, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. chacei" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="chacei">A. chacei</taxonomicName>
|
||
the merus lacks these spines.
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus margaritae" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">Alpheus margaritae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. can be differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
as in the former the scaphocerite has concave lateral margins, the distolateral tooth overreaches the distal margin of the inner blade, and the inner blade almost reaches the distal end of the antennular peduncle, whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
the lateral margins of the scaphocerite are almost straight, the distal spine almost reaches the distal margin of the inner blade, and the inner blade overpasses the distal end of antennular peduncle. In large specimens of the new species (CL> 5.0 mm) the superior transverse groove of the
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea major" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">major</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea cheliped" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheliped">cheliped</taxonomicName>
|
||
is deeper and the sculpture is more conspicuous than in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The proximodorsal margin of the movable finger of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. margaritae" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="margaritae">A. margaritae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is almost straight and the tip is narrow and acute, while in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
the dorsal margin of the movable finger is arched along all its longitude and bluntly rounded at tip. Also, the number of spines on inferior inner margin of merus of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea major" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">major</taxonomicName>
|
||
first pereopods in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
is greater than in the new species (3 or 4 vs. 1 or 2).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus margaritae" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">Alpheus margaritae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. can be differentiated from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. mazatlanicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="mazatlanicus">A. mazatlanicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
as in the new species the second antennular segment is proportionally much shorter than wide (2 times vs. 4 times) and the lateral margin of the scaphocerite is slightly concave instead of straight;
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. margaritae" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="margaritae">A. margaritae</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a hook-like carina on the ventromesial face of the first article of antennular peduncle whereas in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. mazatlanicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="mazatlanicus">A. mazatlanicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
this carina is broadly triangular; besides,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. margaritae" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="margaritae">A. margaritae</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the inner margin of merus of the first pereopod with movable spines on proximal half while in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. mazatlanicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="mazatlanicus">A. mazatlanicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
such spines are absent; and the ratio of the fingers in relation to the palm in the minor
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea chela" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chela">chela</taxonomicName>
|
||
is shorter (60%) in
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. mazatlanicus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="mazatlanicus">A. mazatlanicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in the new species (approximately 70%).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="132" pageId="0" pageNumber="131">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus margaritae" order="Decapoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">Alpheus margaritae</taxonomicName>
|
||
is more related to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
B. The latter is part of a species complex from the Eastern Pacific which include
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. floridanus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="floridanus">A. floridanus</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens from Eastern Pacific sensu Williams et al. 2001 and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. hephaesthus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="hephaesthus">A. hephaesthus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Braken-Grissom et al. 2014).
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
A,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
B, and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. chacei" pageId="0" pageNumber="131" rank="species" species="chacei">A. chacei</taxonomicName>
|
||
form a clade
|
||
<pageBreakToken pageId="1" pageNumber="132" start="start">consistent</pageBreakToken>
|
||
with the morphological traits previously described. This clade could be the result of an ecological radiation, probably associated to the species flexibility to inhabit in tropical and subtropical conditions (Williams et al. 2001). The position of
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. margaritae" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="margaritae">A. margaritae</taxonomicName>
|
||
within the
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex suggests that this group of species, and probably
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. mazatlanicus" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="mazatlanicus">A. mazatlanicus</taxonomicName>
|
||
, could have been subject to such ecological radiation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="132" type="phylogenetics relationships">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="132">Phylogenetics relationships.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="132">
|
||
The COI matrix of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alpheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
molecular data consisted of 668 characters. The ML phylogenetic hypothesis shows that
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus margaritae" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">Alpheus margaritae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. is more related to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
B with a bootstrap support of 63. On the other hand,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. margaritae" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="margaritae">A. margaritae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. shows an important mutational distance that differentiates it from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
B. This pair of species is grouped together in the clade formed by
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. chacei" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="chacei">A. chacei</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 5). COI matrix of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alpheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
shows that
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. margaritae" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="margaritae">A. margaritae</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. n. belongs to the species complex formed by
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
A, B, and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. chacei" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="chacei">A. chacei</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This complex corresponds to the mangrove group (type a) of the clade I proposed by Williams et al. (2001). The
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
complex is characterized by the combination of: 1) the absence of spines on the occular hoods, 2) the antepenultimate segment of the third maxilliped is broadened, 3)
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea major" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="major">major</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea cheliped" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheliped">cheliped</taxonomicName>
|
||
compressed, with transverse groove on superior and inferior margins proximal to fingers, 4) immovable finger of minor
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea chela" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chela">chela</taxonomicName>
|
||
never balaeniceps, and fingers occupying more than 0.6 of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Bythograeidae" genus="Caridea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caridea chela" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chela">chela</taxonomicName>
|
||
, 5) pereopod 3-5 with subspatulate dactylus, 6) ischium of pereopods 3-4 with spine on the ischium, 7) uropodal spines not colored.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="132">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="132">
|
||
Figure 5. ML tree for
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Alpheus</taxonomicName>
|
||
COI sequences. Numbers above each branch are MP bootstrap values. GeneBank accession numbers of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Malacostraca" family="Alpheidae" genus="Alpheus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alpheus chacei" order="Decapoda" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chacei">Alpheus chacei</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
A and
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="A. antepaenultimus" pageId="1" pageNumber="132" rank="species" species="antepaenultimus">A. antepaenultimus</taxonomicName>
|
||
B as in Williams et al. (2001).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |