311 lines
31 KiB
XML
311 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ee5a0817-7cfc-4c21-ba7d-3beabb06cccd" ID-PMC="PMC7004242" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-905-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="4C7E0CB428DF56BDB15B7AC8D6707961" ID-PubMed="32063726" ID-ZooBank="F4C766E4633A41039FFDE952718F41FB" ModsDocID="1313-2970-905-1" checkinTime="1579539902851" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salata, Sebastian & Fisher, Brian L." docDate="2020" docId="7E116B7674EEA6461E0F666183FED88D" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 905: 1-235" docOrigin="ZooKeys 905" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592" docTitle="Pheidole scabrata Forel 1895, stat. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="4C7E0CB428DF56BDB15B7AC8D6707961" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="4C7E0CB428DF56BDB15B7AC8D6707961" masterDocTitle="Pheidole Westwood, 1839 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Madagascar - an introduction and a taxonomic revision of eleven species groups" masterLastPageNumber="235" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668168337901" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Pheidole Westwood, 1839 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) of Madagascar - an introduction and a taxonomic revision of eleven species groups</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Salata, Sebastian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Fisher, Brian L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>905</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>235</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.905.39592</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-905-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">F4C766E4633A41039FFDE952718F41FB</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">4C7E0CB428DF56BDB15B7AC8D6707961</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="161777018" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7E116B7674EEA6461E0F666183FED88D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7E116B7674EEA6461E0F666183FED88D" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="Forel, 1895" authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole scabrata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scabrata" status="stat. nov.">Pheidole scabrata Forel, 1895</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">stat. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 26A-F</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 85" captionStartId="F85" captionText="Figure 85. Hypostomal teeth. Pheidole madinika sp. nov. (A). P. mahaboensis sp. nov. (B). P. maizina sp. nov. (C). P. makaensis sp. nov. (D). P. makirovana sp. nov. (E). P. manantenensis sp. nov. (F). P. mantadia sp. nov. (G). P. marieannae sp. nov. (H). P. masoala sp. nov. (I). P. mavesatra sp. nov. (J). P. miramila sp. nov. (K). P. moramanaensis sp. nov. (L). P. navoatrensis sp. nov. (M). P. nemoralis Forel (N). P. ocypodea sp. nov. (O). P. parviocula sp. nov. (P). P. petax Forel (Q). P. podargea sp. nov. (R). P. praegrandis sp. nov. (S). P. ranohirensis sp. nov. (T). P. rugocephala sp. nov. (U). P. rugofitarata sp. nov. (V). P. scabrata Forel (W). P. typhlos sp. nov. (X). P. vatovavensis sp. nov. (Y). P. voasara sp. nov. (Z). P. vohemarensis sp. nov. (AA). P. zavamanira sp. nov. (AB)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure85" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373132" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 85W</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 88" captionStartId="F88" captionText="Figure 88. Distribution. Pheidole petax Forel (A). P. podargea sp. nov. (B). P. praegrandis sp. nov. (C). P. ranohirensis sp. nov. (D). P. rugocephala sp. nov. (E). P. rugofitarata sp. nov. (F). P. scabrata Forel (G). P. typhlos sp. nov. (H). P. vatovavensis sp. nov. (I). P. voasara sp. nov. (J). P. vohemarensis sp. nov. (K). P. zavamanira sp. nov. (L)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure88" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373135" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 88G</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName authority="scabrata" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole longispinosa" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longispinosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole longispinosa scabrata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Forel, 1895a: 249 (s.w.). Lectotype [designated here]: major worker (CASENT0101695): Madagascar, Est Imerina, coll. Sikora (MHNG) [examined]. Paralectotypes: 3 minor workers (1 pin, CASENT0101869) (MHNG) [examined], 1 major worker (CASENT0923189) (MHNG) [examined]: the same data as lectotype.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Other material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Madagascar. -
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Antsiranana</emphasis>
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: •4w., 4q.; 9.2 km WSW Befingotra,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Rés">Res</normalizedToken>
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. Anjanaharibe-Sud; -14.75, 49.46667; alt. 1200 m; 9 Nov 1994; B.L. Fisher leg.; CASENT0198388, CASENT0198392, CASENT0198395, CASENT0198396 (CASC). •32w., 7s.;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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de Binara, 9.4 km 235°SW Daraina; -13.26333, 49.6; alt. 1100 m; 5 Dec 2003; B.L. Fisher leg.; CASENT0043382, CASENT0043383, CASENT0494064-CASENT0494066, CASENT0494103-CASENT0494105, CASENT0494126-CASENT0494128, CASENT0494134-CASENT0494136, CASENT0494152 (CASC). •4w.; R.S. Manongarivo, 14.5 km 220°SW Antanambao;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13.99833" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-13.99833">-13.99833</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48.42833" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.42833">48.42833</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1175 m; 20 Oct 1998; B.L. Fisher leg.; CASENT0198007, CASENT0198386 (CASC). •3w.; R.S. Manongarivo, 14.5 km 220°SW Antanambao; -14, 48.43167; alt. 1220 m; 18 Oct 1998; B.L. Fisher leg.; CASENT0198387 (CASC). •1w.; R.S. Manongarivo, 14.5 km 220°SW Antanambao;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="13.99833" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-13.99833">-13.99833</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48.42833" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.42833">48.42833</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1175 m; 20 Oct 1998; B.L. Fisher leg.; CASENT0198767 (CASC). -
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mahajanga</emphasis>
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: •2w.;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Spéciale">Speciale</normalizedToken>
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Marotandrano, Marotandrano 48.3km S Mandritsara;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="16.28322" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-16.28322">-16.28322</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48.81443" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.81443">48.81443</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 865 m; 6 Dec 2007; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0140632, CASENT0140653 (CASC). -
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toamasina</emphasis>
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: •1w., 1s.; 23 km E Moramanga;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18.98028" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.98028">-18.98028</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48.45306" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.45306">48.45306</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 900 m; 10 Nov 1996; B.L. Fisher leg.; CASENT0198385 (CASC). •1w.; Ambatovy, 12.4 km NE Moramanga;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18.85813" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.85813">-18.85813</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48.28488" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.28488">48.28488</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1040 m; 5 Mar 2007; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0124242 (CASC). •2w., 2s.; Bevolota 17.1 km N Andasibe;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18.77071" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.77071">-18.77071</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="48.43164" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="48.43164">48.43164</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 995 m; 12 Dec 2007; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0135100, CASENT0235126 (CASC). •2w., 1s.;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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Ambatovy, 14.3 km 57° Moramanga; -18.85083, 48.32; alt. 1075 m; 21 Mar 2004; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0047076, CASENT0052866 (CASC). -
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<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Toliara</emphasis>
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: •4w., 3s.;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Spéciale">Speciale</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambohijanahary">d'Ambohijanahary</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ankazotsihitafototra">d'Ankazotsihitafototra</normalizedToken>
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, 34.6 km 314°NW Ambaravaranala; -18.26, 45.41833; alt. 1100 m; 16 Jan 2003; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0029499, CASENT0029619, CASENT0029620, CASENT0029719-CASENT0029722 (CASC). •22w., 5s.;
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Réserve">Reserve</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Spéciale">Speciale</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambohijanahary">d'Ambohijanahary</normalizedToken>
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,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Forêt">Foret</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ankazotsihitafototra">d'Ankazotsihitafototra</normalizedToken>
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, 35.2 km 312°NW Ambaravaranala;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="18.26667" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-18.26667">-18.26667</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="45.40667" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="45.40667">45.40667</geoCoordinate>
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; alt. 1050 m; 13 Jan 2003; B.L. Fisher et al. leg.; CASENT0028299, CASENT0028313, CASENT0028333, CASENT0485910, CASENT0485911, CASENT0485912, CASENT0485913, CASENT0496690, CASENT0496691, CASENT0496743, CASENT0496744, CASENT0496745, CASENT0496747 (CASC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Large species: HL: 2.44-2.72 (2.56), HW: 2.3-2.58 (2.43), WL: 1.69-1.85 (1.77); propodeal spines very long (PSL: 0.5-0.63 (0.55)); head in full-face view trapezoid, widened posteriorly; sides of the head with sparse, relatively long, erect pilosity; frons with rugoreticulation and additional longitudinal rugae on the whole surface, sculpture weakening posteriorly; first gastral tergite smooth to slightly shagreened; body brown to dark brown; inner hypostomal teeth distinct, triangular and thick, with rounded apex, closely spaced; outer hypostomal teeth distinct, low, lobe-like, with wide base, smaller and thinner than inner hypostomal teeth.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Large species: HL: 0.93-1.06 (0.99); HW: 0.9-1.06 (0.96), 1.41-1.65 (1.48); propodeal spines very long (PSL: 0.41-0.48 (0.43)); scape, when laid back, surpassing posterior head margin by one third of its length; head sculpture never rugoreticulate; mesosoma with dense rugoreticulation, sometimes dorsum with weaker sculpture, but never smooth.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="redescription">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers.</emphasis>
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Measurements (
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
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= 10): HL: 2.44-2.72 (2.56); HW: 2.3-2.58 (2.43); SL: 1.0-1.12 (1.06); EL: 0.23-0.3 (0.27); WL: 1.69-1.85 (1.77); PSL: 0.5-0.63 (0.55); MTL: 1.14-1.29 (1.22); PNW: 0.77-0.94 (0.88); PTW: 0.25-0.29 (0.27); PPW: 0.71-0.89 (0.8); CI: 93.1-96.5 (94.8); SI: 41.3-45.7 (43.5); PSLI: 19.2-24.9 (21.4); PPI: 31.0-38.3 (34.0); PNI: 33.5-38.4 (36.1); MTI: 48.2-52.5 (50.3).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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In full-face view trapezoid, widened posteriorly (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26B</figureCitation>
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). In lateral view sub-oval; ventral and dorsal faces convex; inner hypostomal teeth visible. Sides of the head with sparse, relatively long, erect pilosity; whole head with moderately sparse, long erect setae. Antennal scrobes absent. Occipital lobes shiny and smooth or partially rugulose; genae smooth and shiny or with indistinct rugulae; centre of frons shiny, rugoreticulate, longitudinal rugae directed outward posteriorly; malar area rugoreticulate; lateral sides of head shiny, with sparse rugoreticulation; head sculpture weakens posteriorly. Centre of clypeus smooth and shiny, lateral sides with longitudinal rugae; median notch present, shallow and wide; median longitudinal carina absent; lateral longitudinal carinae absent. Scape, when laid back, reaching midlength of head; pilosity suberect to erect (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26B, D</figureCitation>
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). Inner hypostomal teeth distinct, triangular and thick, with rounded apex, closely spaced; outer hypostomal teeth distinct, low, lobe-like, with wide base, smaller and thinner than inner hypostomal teeth; inner and outer teeth closely spaced and connected by indistinct concavity (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 85" captionStartId="F85" captionText="Figure 85. Hypostomal teeth. Pheidole madinika sp. nov. (A). P. mahaboensis sp. nov. (B). P. maizina sp. nov. (C). P. makaensis sp. nov. (D). P. makirovana sp. nov. (E). P. manantenensis sp. nov. (F). P. mantadia sp. nov. (G). P. marieannae sp. nov. (H). P. masoala sp. nov. (I). P. mavesatra sp. nov. (J). P. miramila sp. nov. (K). P. moramanaensis sp. nov. (L). P. navoatrensis sp. nov. (M). P. nemoralis Forel (N). P. ocypodea sp. nov. (O). P. parviocula sp. nov. (P). P. petax Forel (Q). P. podargea sp. nov. (R). P. praegrandis sp. nov. (S). P. ranohirensis sp. nov. (T). P. rugocephala sp. nov. (U). P. rugofitarata sp. nov. (V). P. scabrata Forel (W). P. typhlos sp. nov. (X). P. vatovavensis sp. nov. (Y). P. voasara sp. nov. (Z). P. vohemarensis sp. nov. (AA). P. zavamanira sp. nov. (AB)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure85" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373132" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">85W</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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In lateral view, promesonotum short, low, and evenly convex, with relatively steep posterior declivity; promesonotal groove absent; metanotal groove present; propodeal spines very long, massive basally, with acute apex; humeral area laterally weakly produced (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26D</figureCitation>
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). Surface shiny, with sparse to relatively dense rugoreticulation, mesosomal dorsum and propodeum with weaker sculpture, sometimes with smooth patches; katepisternum with smooth area. Pilosity moderately sparse, long, and erect (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26D, F</figureCitation>
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).
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Smooth to weakly shagreened; peduncle relatively long and thin; node triangular with rounded apex, in rear view node dorsoventrally slightly depressed; pilosity moderately sparse and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Smooth to weakly shagreened; in dorsal view sides with acute, and short to moderately short angular projections; pilosity long, moderately sparse, and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gaster</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
First gastral tergite smooth to slightly shagreened; pilosity moderately sparse, long, and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Unicolourous, brown to dark brown, sometimes malar area and lower part of frons with brighter colouration than the rest of body (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26D, F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 26" startId="F26">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 26.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole scabrata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scabrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole scabrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
Forel, full-face view (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
|
||
), profile (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
|
||
), and dorsal view (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
|
||
) of minor worker (CASENT0496745) and full-face view (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
|
||
), profile (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
|
||
), and dorsal view (
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
|
||
) of major worker (CASENT0496747).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">N</emphasis>
|
||
= 10): HL: 0.93-1.06 (0.99); HW: 0.9-1.06 (0.96); SL: 1.14-1.35 (1.23); EL: 0.17-0.19 (0.18); WL: 1.41-1.65 (1.48); PSL: 0.41-0.48 (0.43); MTL: 1.05-1.21 (1.12); PNW: 0.64-0.72 (0.67); PTW: 0.11-0.16 (0.13); PPW: 0.24-0.37 (0.3); CI: 95.4-100.5 (97.4); SI: 123.8-132.7 (127.5); PSLI: 41.1-45.6 (43.7); PPI: 41.8-51.3 (45.7); PNI: 67.6-73.2 (69.8); MTI: 111.8-119.5 (116.3).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Occipital margin convex; occipital carina narrow, weakly developed (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Pilosity moderately sparse, long, and erect. Sculpture variable, shiny, smooth to finely rugoreticulate on vertex, centre and posterior part of frons; genae smooth; lateral sides of head with few short, longitudinal rugulae, and sometimes finely shagreened; antennal sockets with sparse carinae curved outward. Clypeus with median longitudinal carina absent; two lateral longitudinal carinae present. Scape, when laid back, surpassing posterior head margin by one third of its length; pilosity suberect to erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mesosoma</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In lateral view, promesonotum low, long, and slightly convex; promesonotal groove absent or very indistinct; metanotal groove very indistinct; propodeal spines very long, massive basally, with acute apex (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Surface shiny, with dense rugoreticulation, sometimes dorsum with weaker sculpture, but never smooth. Pilosity sparse, long, and erect (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Peduncle long and thin; node triangular with rounded apex; with few long, erect setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Postpetiole</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Moderately short, low, and indistinctly convex; with few long, erect setae at the anterior edge (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
With few long, erect setae (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Unicolourous, brown to dark brown (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Pheidole scabrata Forel, full-face view (A), profile (C), and dorsal view (E) of minor worker (CASENT 0496745) and full-face view (B), profile (D), and dorsal view (F) of major worker (CASENT 0496747)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.905.39592.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/373073" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">26C, E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The species was collected at between 825-1220 m in elevation, in montane rainforest, rainforest, transitional humid forest, and tropical dry forest. Nests were located in rotten logs, and in rotten sticks on the ground.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="comments">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Comments.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
This species is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. maizina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="maizina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. maizina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Major workers</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole scabrata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scabrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole scabrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. maizina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="maizina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. maizina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. by smooth and shiny genae or genae with fine sculpture; smooth area on katepisternum; tips of outer hypostomal teeth not directed outward, never densely shagreened surface of first gastral tergite, and brighter body colouration.
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Minor workers</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Forel" authorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole scabrata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scabrata">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pheidole scabrata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. maizina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="maizina">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P. maizina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. by weak head sculpture, and always smooth genae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |