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<document id="E8028478EC5951C6A1D4B7DB96791A36" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.202501" ID-GBIF-Dataset="86a4e805-beba-4f05-9da2-7030b8addcea" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="202501" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460256919205" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Newman, William A. &amp; Jones, William J." docDate="2011" docId="7C13F601FFEBFF9654A05DCFFAF0FC98" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02789p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2789" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Atetrapachylasma dijonesae Newman &amp; Jones, 2011, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="802A8E79FFE0FF865437586FFFF7FFC4" masterDocTitle="Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; &quot; insular &quot; endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="49" pageNumber="60" updateTime="1698243655103" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="08159BAC7CDDCCC01DAEB0AAF851822F">Two Northeast Pacific deep-water barnacle populations (Cirripedia: Calanticidae and Pachylasmatidae) from seamounts of the Juan de Fuca Ridge; &quot; insular &quot; endemics stemming from Tethys, or by subsequent dispersal from the Western Pacific center of distribution?</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6C25739B203271D62F53C2C52F1D891D">Newman, William A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3527C48EAB9C301564992F1D67AB2D10" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="310368A958DBF70BCC646679C908A3DE">Jones, William J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D248A7892E9A70FD9E95C72B9E47CF26">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="1C5572EF97B4AF01EF58D2B477A8E95E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="BB5B1BAE467BD1F10B2B73CE62AC1B69">2011</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="DFDF8F749FDCE5F6FDC786379F93DC63" type="volume">
<mods:number id="83AD759903C870DECDB04C6AF644D5BD">2789</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="BBC18D9EE92937EBBF48BBD701BB6BB5" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.202501</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E402A214DE6B7B092DD853B71E35BF8F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="8BEFA5741DD54ED13712CA4B83CD9FA5" type="Zenodo-Dep">202501</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7C13F601FFEBFF9654A05DCFFAF0FC98" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5667575" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119392595" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5667575" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:17A58A13-3DFF-4AC9-94F2-1C2259882647" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7C13F601FFEBFF9654A05DCFFAF0FC98" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
<subSubSection id="BCA0149CFFEBFF8D54A05DCFFE98FA1F" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEBFF8D54A05DCFFDB8FA7E" blockId="11.[151,591,1440,1499]" box="[151,591,1440,1466]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
<heading id="AF4DF07BFFEBFF8D54A05DCFFDB8FA7E" bold="true" box="[151,591,1440,1466]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" reason="1">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEBFF8D54A05DCFFDB8FA7E" bold="true" box="[151,591,1440,1466]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEBFF8D54A05DCFFE1DFA7E" box="[151,490,1440,1466]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Atetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dijonesae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEBFF8D54A05DCFFE1DFA7E" bold="true" box="[151,490,1440,1466]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Atetrapachylasma dijonesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDFD267EFFEBFF8D55C55DCFFDB8FA7E" box="[498,591,1440,1466]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEBFF8D54A05DACFE98FA1F" blockId="11.[151,591,1440,1499]" box="[151,367,1475,1499]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFEBFF8D54A05DACFEF5FA1F" box="[151,258,1475,1499]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1070,1093]" captionTargetBox="[256,1323,193,1021]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[256,1323,193,1022]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Numerous females of Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov. in situ on pillow basalt from 2080 m of depth on Vance B Seamount, with nozzle of suction sampler on ROV Tiburon to their right (distance between red laser dots 30 cm). The pristine white appearance of the dead shells accumulating at the base of the slope, as well as of the living individuals, suggests that there is little if any hydrothermal activity nearby to stain them (rather than the barnacle just being short lived, which they are). Thus, as might be expected, dissection revealed feeding appendages (Fig. 13) of the deep-sea rather than hydrothermal type. N. B.: Inspection of MPEGs taken by ROV Tiburon during collection of most of the barnacles seen in this frame (also, Fig. 5) detected no loss of material in the process. Therefore, it can be said with confidence that the shell fragments at the base of the basalt below the barnacles represent natural, postmortem accumulations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202505/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Figures 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFEBFF8D55395DACFEE9FA1F" box="[270,286,1475,1499]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1830,1853]" captionTargetBox="[295,1289,199,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[284,1301,193,1810]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov. in situ on pillow basalt from 2080 m of depth Vance B Seamount, with nozzle of suction sampler of ROV Tiburon largely to their right. A, the remains of several walls broken away by the nozzle can be seen to the right of “ 1 ” leaving membranous bases exposed. B, the barnacles seen between “ 2 ” and “ 3 ” and to the right of “ 4 ” in A have been collected. N. B.: Inspection of MPEGs taken by ROV Tiburon during collection of the barnacles seen removed in these frames detected no loss of material in the process. Therefore, it can be said with confidence that the shell fragments at the base of the basalt below the barnacles (cf. Fig. 4) represent natural postmortem accumulations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202506/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFEBFF8D551D5DACFE98FA1F" box="[298,367,1475,1499]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 10" captionStart-1="FIGURE 11" captionStart-2="FIGURE 12" captionStart-3="FIGURE 13" captionStart-4="FIGURE 14" captionStart-5="FIGURE 15" captionStartId-0="10.[151,250,1812,1835]" captionStartId-1="12.[151,250,1257,1280]" captionStartId-2="13.[151,250,1312,1335]" captionStartId-3="14.[151,250,1865,1888]" captionStartId-4="15.[151,250,645,668]" captionStartId-5="15.[151,250,1974,1997]" captionTargetBox-0="[176,1436,309,1770]" captionTargetBox-1="[341,1239,759,1225]" captionTargetBox-2="[370,1206,224,1261]" captionTargetBox-3="[323,1234,441,1824]" captionTargetBox-4="[374,1237,208,614]" captionTargetBox-5="[189,1382,809,1944]" captionTargetId-0="figure@10.[151,1436,309,1788]" captionTargetId-1="figure@12.[317,1269,727,1235]" captionTargetId-2="figure@13.[348,1239,193,1291]" captionTargetId-3="figure@14.[323,1264,409,1845]" captionTargetId-4="figure@15.[339,1247,193,624]" captionTargetId-5="figure@15.[185,1390,791,1951]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="12" captionTargetPageId-2="13" captionTargetPageId-3="14" captionTargetPageId-4="15" captionTargetPageId-5="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 10. Calantica moskalevi Zevina and Galkin, 1989; appendages, first topotype: A, portion of crest of labrum with left palp attached; B, mandible; C, first maxillae; D, second maxilla; E, intermediate articles of cirrus VI; and F, penis still attached to the coxal portion of pedicle of the left sixth cirrus." captionText-1="FIGURE 11. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov. holotype: A, exterior view of female with males; note largely exposed alae and the pair of males on each side of the tight fitting occludent ridges of the scuta. B, interior view of the same female, note the tight fit of the bearing surfaces of the alae on the adjacent plates, and the close fit of the sutures between plates, especially between the opercular plates and the interior of the orifice." captionText-2="FIGURE 12. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., exploded four-plated wall arranged from loose plates, type lot: A, exterior of a rostrum; B and D, left and right carinolaterals; C, a carina; and E, the interior of a portion of a rostrum. Note the variably pronounced depression in the sheath of rostrum (E), which, together with the edges of the carinolateral alae, receives the rostral ends of the occludent ridges of the scuta (Figs 9 A; 11 C, D)." captionText-3="FIGURE 13. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., opercular plates of female: A and B, interior and exterior of terga, and C and D, interior and exterior of scuta. Both the terga and scuta are isosceles triangles, the bases of which are formed by their occludent margins. Note that the weakly developed articular ridges and furrows, as well as the lack of adductor and depressor muscle crests (apodemes), pits or scars, are remarkable. Comparably simple opercular plates are seen in no other balanomorph." captionText-4="FIGURE 14. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., dwarf males: A, viewed obliquely (R-C axis running between 10: 30 and 4: 30 o’clock); B, another individual, viewed from the carinal end, leaning markedly to its right, toward the aperture of the female (see Fig. 9 for four males in situ). Note that the chitinous primary wall is made up of four plates, with the rostrum overlapping the carinolaterals. There is no indication of sutures in the rostrum or the carinolaterals of the male or the female." captionText-5="FIGURE 15. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., appendages: A, mandible; B, first maxillae; C, second maxilla; D, intermediate articles of cirrus VI; and E, crest of labrum flanked by left palp." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/202508/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/202509/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/202510/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/202511/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/202512/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/202513/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">10–15</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BCA0149CFFEBFF8D54A05E65FBBFF94B" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEBFF8D54A05E65FE81F983" blockId="11.[151,1436,1546,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEBFF8D54A05E65FE75F9E7" bold="true" box="[151,386,1546,1571]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Material examined.</emphasis>
Vance B Seamount (summit
<quantity id="3342EAF2FFEBFF8D56F85E64FCDEF9E7" box="[719,809,1547,1571]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.932" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="1932.0">1932 m</quantity>
),
<collectionCode id="92ABDFD2FFEBFF8D57095E64FC6DF9E7" box="[830,922,1547,1571]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">MBARI</collectionCode>
ROV dive nos T1012 and T1013,
<geoCoordinate id="918E21D0FFEBFF8D511F5E64FAB1F9E7" box="[1320,1350,1547,1571]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="45.5">45</geoCoordinate>
° 30'N–
<geoCoordinate id="918E21D0FFEBFF8D54A05E40FEF8F983" box="[151,271,1583,1607]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" precision="925" value="-130.66667">130° 40'W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="3342EAF2FFEBFF8D552D5E40FE85F983" box="[282,370,1583,1607]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.081" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" unit="m" value="2081.0">2081 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEBFF8D54F25E3CFBBFF94B" blockId="11.[151,1436,1546,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
Deposition of
<typeStatus id="2B01F9B5FFEBFF8D555F5E3BFE54F9A8" box="[360,419,1620,1644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">types</typeStatus>
selected from dive no. T1012:
<typeStatus id="2B01F9B5FFEBFF8D573E5E3CFC83F9AF" box="[777,884,1619,1643]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<collectionCode id="92ABDFD2FFEBFF8D57B65E3CFC25F9AF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[897,978,1619,1643]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">USNM</collectionCode>
cat. no. 1145902; first
<typeStatus id="2B01F9B5FFEBFF8D50EC5E3BFAC9F9A8" box="[1243,1342,1620,1644]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
,
<collectionCode id="92ABDFD2FFEBFF8D517C5E3CFA6BF9AF" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[1355,1436,1619,1643]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">USNM</collectionCode>
cat. no. 1145903; second
<typeStatus id="2B01F9B5FFEBFF8D55835E17FDE3F954" box="[436,532,1656,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="92ABDFD2FFEBFF8D562C5E18FDBFF94B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" box="[539,584,1655,1679]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">SIO</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="92ABDFD2FFEBFF8D56785E18FD89F94B" box="[591,638,1655,1679]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">BIC</collectionCode>
cat. no. 11195;
<typeStatus id="2B01F9B5FFEBFF8D57075E17FC97F954" box="[816,864,1656,1680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">type</typeStatus>
lot,
<collectionCode id="92ABDFD2FFEBFF8D57A45E18FC37F94B" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" box="[915,960,1655,1679]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14844" name="Scripps Institution of Oceanography" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">SIO</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="92ABDFD2FFEBFF8D57F05E18FC01F94B" box="[967,1014,1655,1679]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">BIC</collectionCode>
11196.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BCA0149CFFEBFF8D54F05EF5FDFFF970" box="[199,520,1690,1716]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEBFF8D54F05EF5FDFFF970" blockId="11.[151,1436,1546,2003]" box="[199,520,1690,1716]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEBFF8D54F05EF5FEB6F977" bold="true" box="[199,321,1690,1715]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="8CAD0787FFEBFF8D557F5EF4FE90F977" box="[328,359,1691,1715]" name="American Samoa" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">As</collectingCountry>
for the genus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BCA0149CFFEBFF8A54F05ED1FD93F9F4" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" type="description">
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEBFF8D54F05ED1FD8AF84F" blockId="11.[151,1436,1546,2003]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEBFF8D54F05ED1FEAEF913" bold="true" box="[199,345,1726,1751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Description.</emphasis>
Female shells white, wall to
<quantity id="3342EAF2FFEBFF8D56AB5ED0FD1DF913" box="[668,746,1727,1751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
R-C diameter,
<quantity id="3342EAF2FFEBFF8D57A35ED0FC15F913" box="[916,994,1727,1751]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="60" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
height. Narrow overlapping margins of R and CL resting on broad, largely exposed alae of CL and C, respectively (
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFEBFF8D57CB5E8CFBB8F93F" box="[1020,1103,1763,1787]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1257,1280]" captionTargetBox="[341,1239,759,1225]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[317,1269,727,1235]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 11. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov. holotype: A, exterior view of female with males; note largely exposed alae and the pair of males on each side of the tight fitting occludent ridges of the scuta. B, interior view of the same female, note the tight fit of the bearing surfaces of the alae on the adjacent plates, and the close fit of the sutures between plates, especially between the opercular plates and the interior of the orifice." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202509/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
), kite-shaped operculum suspended snuggly in orifice with rostral ends of S fitting depression in t rostral sheath (
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFEBFF8D50675F68FB54F8DB" box="[1104,1187,1799,1823]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1312,1335]" captionTargetBox="[370,1206,224,1261]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[348,1239,193,1291]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 12. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., exploded four-plated wall arranged from loose plates, type lot: A, exterior of a rostrum; B and D, left and right carinolaterals; C, a carina; and E, the interior of a portion of a rostrum. Note the variably pronounced depression in the sheath of rostrum (E), which, together with the edges of the carinolateral alae, receives the rostral ends of the occludent ridges of the scuta (Figs 9 A; 11 C, D)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202510/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Occludent margin at carinal end of T with fine teeth formed by alternate growth lines interdigitating when plates closed. Opercular plates individually triangular, simple, without notable articular ridges or furrows, crests (apodemes) for depressor muscles or adductor muscle scars (
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFEBFF8D562A5F1CFD98F84F" box="[541,623,1907,1931]" captionStart="FIGURE 13" captionStartId="14.[151,250,1865,1888]" captionTargetBox="[323,1234,441,1824]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[323,1264,409,1845]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 13. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., opercular plates of female: A and B, interior and exterior of terga, and C and D, interior and exterior of scuta. Both the terga and scuta are isosceles triangles, the bases of which are formed by their occludent margins. Note that the weakly developed articular ridges and furrows, as well as the lack of adductor and depressor muscle crests (apodemes), pits or scars, are remarkable. Comparably simple opercular plates are seen in no other balanomorph." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202511/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEBFF8A54F25FF8FEA5FE43" blockId="11.[151,1436,1546,2003]" lastBlockId="12.[151,1437,151,391]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">
Caudal appendages and penis absent. Labrum thick, crest nearly straight, supporting single row of fine, slightly separated, blunt teeth, flanked by stout mandibular palps (
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFEBFF8D57175FD4FC87F817" box="[800,880,1979,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1974,1997]" captionTargetBox="[189,1382,809,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[185,1390,791,1951]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 15. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., appendages: A, mandible; B, first maxillae; C, second maxilla; D, intermediate articles of cirrus VI; and E, crest of labrum flanked by left palp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202513/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="60">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
E); mandible tridentoid, clothed with fine spines, inferior angle armed with rounded comb of short strong spines. First maxillae with stepwise cutting edge armed with strong and relatively weak spines; second maxillae with typical notch (
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFECFF8A57CB58D3FBB9FF10" box="[1020,1102,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1974,1997]" captionTargetBox="[189,1382,809,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[185,1390,791,1951]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 15. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., appendages: A, mandible; B, first maxillae; C, second maxilla; D, intermediate articles of cirrus VI; and E, crest of labrum flanked by left palp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202513/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
B, C). Cirri evenly deployed along thorax; first pair modified as maxillipeds, anterior ramus somewhat antenniform, posterior ramus nearly normal in resembling those of posterior pairs; second pair more closely resembling the following than the proceeding pair, rami generally subequal in length; intermediate articles of cirrus VI twice as high as wide, setation ctenopod, each article supporting one pair of strong and one pair of weak setae (
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFECFF8A57995923FC08FEA0" box="[942,1023,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1974,1997]" captionTargetBox="[189,1382,809,1944]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[185,1390,791,1951]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 15. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., appendages: A, mandible; B, first maxillae; C, second maxilla; D, intermediate articles of cirrus VI; and E, crest of labrum flanked by left palp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202513/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
D). Cirral counts for two specimens are given below:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4054717FFECFF8A54A859CCFB89FD4C" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
<table id="86BAB5B7FFEC007954A059CCFA6AFD4C" box="[151,1437,419,648]" gridcols="7" gridrows="5" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
<tr id="4A8A4555FFEC007954A059CCFA6AFE7E" box="[151,1437,419,442]" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
<th id="095B2C29FFEC007954A059CCFE99FE7E" box="[151,366,419,442]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Cirrus I</th>
<th id="095B2C29FFEC007955DA59CCFDF0FE7E" box="[493,519,419,442]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">II</th>
<th id="095B2C29FFEC007956BC59CCFD53FE7E" box="[651,676,419,442]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">III</th>
<th id="095B2C29FFEC0079571E59CCFCB4FE7E" box="[809,835,419,442]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">IV</th>
<th id="095B2C29FFEC007957F059CCFC16FE7E" box="[967,993,419,442]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">V</th>
<th id="095B2C29FFEC0079505259CCFB89FE7E" box="[1125,1150,419,442]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">V</th>
<th id="095B2C29FFEC0079513359CCFA6AFE7E" box="[1284,1437,419,442]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">C.A.</th>
</tr>
<tr id="4A8A4555FFEC007954A059A2FA6AFE27" box="[151,1437,461,483]" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
<th id="095B2C29FFEC007954A059A2FE99FE27" box="[151,366,461,483]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">anterior 10</th>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007955DA59A2FDF0FE27" box="[493,519,461,483]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">18</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007956BC59A2FD53FE27" box="[651,676,461,483]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">31</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC0079571E59A2FCB4FE27" box="[809,835,461,483]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">36</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007957F059A2FC16FE27" box="[967,993,461,483]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">---</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC0079505259A2FB89FE27" box="[1125,1150,461,483]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">44</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC0079513359A2FA6AFE27" box="[1284,1437,461,483]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4A8A4555FFEC007954A05999FA6AFDC8" box="[151,1437,502,524]" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="095B2C29FFEC007954A05999FE99FDC8" box="[151,366,502,524]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">posterior 9</th>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007955DA5999FDF0FDC8" box="[493,519,502,524]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">25</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007956BC5999FD53FDC8" box="[651,676,502,524]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">33</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC0079571E5999FCB4FDC8" box="[809,835,502,524]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">45</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007957F05999FC16FDC8" box="[967,993,502,524]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">49</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007950525999FB89FDC8" box="[1125,1150,502,524]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">46</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4A8A4555FFEC007954A05A26FA6AFD9B" box="[151,1437,585,607]" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
<th id="095B2C29FFEC007954A05A26FE99FD9B" box="[151,366,585,607]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">anterior 10</th>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007955DA5A26FDF0FD9B" box="[493,519,585,607]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">22</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007956BC5A26FD53FD9B" box="[651,676,585,607]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">30</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC0079571E5A26FCB4FD9B" box="[809,835,585,607]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">36</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007957F05A26FC16FD9B" box="[967,993,585,607]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">45</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007950525A26FB89FD9B" box="[1125,1150,585,607]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">---</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007951335A26FA6AFD9B" box="[1284,1437,585,607]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="4A8A4555FFEC007954A05A1DFA6AFD4C" box="[151,1437,626,648]" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" rowspan-6="1">
<th id="095B2C29FFEC007954A05A1DFE99FD4C" box="[151,366,626,648]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">posterior 8</th>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007955DA5A1DFDF0FD4C" box="[493,519,626,648]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">16</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007956BC5A1DFD53FD4C" box="[651,676,626,648]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">33</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC0079571E5A1DFCB4FD4C" box="[809,835,626,648]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">41</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007957F05A1DFC16FD4C" box="[967,993,626,648]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">45</td>
<td id="095B2C29FFEC007950525A1DFB89FD4C" box="[1125,1150,626,648]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">---</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="A0C5179FFFECFF8A54A05C86FCA2FA9F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202509/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" targetBox="[341,1239,759,1225]" targetPageId="12">
<paragraph id="F4054717FFECFF8A54A05C86FCA2FA9F" blockId="12.[151,1436,1257,1371]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFECFF8A54A05C86FED5FB3B" bold="true" box="[151,290,1257,1280]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFECFF8A551B5C86FDB8FB3B" box="[300,591,1257,1279]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Atetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dijonesae">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFECFF8A551B5C86FDB8FB3B" box="[300,591,1257,1279]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Atetrapachylasma dijonesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFECFF8A566D5C85FCF5FB3B" bold="true" box="[602,770,1258,1279]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
holotype: A, exterior view of female with males; note largely exposed alae and the pair of males on each side of the tight fitting occludent ridges of the scuta. B, interior view of the same female, note the tight fit of the bearing surfaces of the alae on the adjacent plates, and the close fit of the sutures between plates, especially between the opercular plates and the interior of the orifice.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F4054717FFECFF8A54F05DE7FD93F9F4" blockId="12.[151,1436,1416,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
Dwarf males located on external surface of S of female, as many as three per side (
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFECFF8A50BF5DE7FB17FA64" box="[1160,1248,1416,1440]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1257,1280]" captionTargetBox="[341,1239,759,1225]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[317,1269,727,1235]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 11. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov. holotype: A, exterior view of female with males; note largely exposed alae and the pair of males on each side of the tight fitting occludent ridges of the scuta. B, interior view of the same female, note the tight fit of the bearing surfaces of the alae on the adjacent plates, and the close fit of the sutures between plates, especially between the opercular plates and the interior of the orifice." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202509/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Figs 11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFECFF8A50D95DE7FAFAFA64" box="[1262,1293,1416,1440]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="15.[151,250,645,668]" captionTargetBox="[374,1237,208,614]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[339,1247,193,624]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 14. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., dwarf males: A, viewed obliquely (R-C axis running between 10: 30 and 4: 30 o’clock); B, another individual, viewed from the carinal end, leaning markedly to its right, toward the aperture of the female (see Fig. 9 for four males in situ). Note that the chitinous primary wall is made up of four plates, with the rostrum overlapping the carinolaterals. There is no indication of sutures in the rostrum or the carinolaterals of the male or the female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202512/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">14</figureCitation>
). Shell, R-C diameter approximately
<quantity id="3342EAF2FFECFF8A559C5DC3FE07FA00" box="[427,496,1452,1476]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, consisting of three parts; 1) opercular plates (S and T) composed of chitinous primordial valves supplemented 2) by largely underlying calcareous plates, and 3) two concentric rings, the juvenile chitinous wall of four plates above concrescent, calcareous, columnar, four-plated wall, leaning to varying degrees toward aperture of female (
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFECFF8A55FF5E77FDEFF9F4" box="[456,536,1560,1584]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="15.[151,250,645,668]" captionTargetBox="[374,1237,208,614]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[339,1247,193,624]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 14. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov., dwarf males: A, viewed obliquely (R-C axis running between 10: 30 and 4: 30 o’clock); B, another individual, viewed from the carinal end, leaning markedly to its right, toward the aperture of the female (see Fig. 9 for four males in situ). Note that the chitinous primary wall is made up of four plates, with the rostrum overlapping the carinolaterals. There is no indication of sutures in the rostrum or the carinolaterals of the male or the female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202512/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
A, B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="BCA0149CFFECFF9654F25E53FAF0FC98" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F4054717FFECFF8A54F25E53FED9F9BC" blockId="12.[151,1436,1416,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFECFF8A54F25E53FEBBF990" bold="true" box="[197,332,1596,1620]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named for Diana S. Jones, in appreciation of her many works on thoracic
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFECFF8A509C5E53FAD7F990" box="[1195,1312,1596,1620]" class="Maxillopoda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cirripedia" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Cirripedia</taxonomicName>
, especially
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFECFF8A54A05E0EFEDDF9BC" author="Jones" box="[151,298,1632,1656]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" refString="Jones, D. S. (2000) Crustacea Cirripedia Thoracica: Chionelasmatoidea and Pachylasmatoidea (Balanomorpha) of New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Wallis and Futuna Islands, with a review of all currently assigned taxa. In: Crosnier, A. (ed.), Resultats des Campagne MUSORSTOM 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Historie naturelle, 184, 141 - 283." type="journal article" year="2000">Jones (2000)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4054717FFECFF8A54F25EECFC19F82F" blockId="12.[151,1436,1416,2027]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFECFF8A54F25EECFECCF958" bold="true" box="[197,315,1667,1692]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Affinities.</emphasis>
The pachylasmatines constitute a diverse subfamily all members of which, excepting
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFECFF8A513D5EEBFF2DF907" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Atetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFECFF8A513D5EEBFF2DF907" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Atetrapachylasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and arguably
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFECFF8A554E5EC4FDCEF907" box="[377,569,1707,1731]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFECFF8A554E5EC4FDCEF907" box="[377,569,1707,1731]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="61">Tetrapachylasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDFD267EFFECFF8A56775EC3FD93F907" box="[576,612,1708,1731]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" sensu="stricto">s.s.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, display vestiges of an eight-plated ancestor; R-RL-CL1-CL2-C (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFECFF8A51695EC3FF23F923" author="Jones" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" refString="Jones, D. S. (2000) Crustacea Cirripedia Thoracica: Chionelasmatoidea and Pachylasmatoidea (Balanomorpha) of New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Wallis and Futuna Islands, with a review of all currently assigned taxa. In: Crosnier, A. (ed.), Resultats des Campagne MUSORSTOM 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Historie naturelle, 184, 141 - 283." type="journal article" year="2000">Jones 2000</bibRefCitation>
). Ignoring the exception, the number of wall plates of the 23 species representing five genera are variously reduced; reduction being ontogenetic as well as phylogenetic. Reduction is accomplished by partial to near total concrescence of the rostrolaterals with the rostrum, resulting in six-plated forms (RRL-CL1-CL2-C). Concrescences of the carinolaterals, in some cases simply by elimination of CL2 as suggested by
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFECFF8A50075F2EFB3DF89C" author="Foster" box="[1072,1226,1856,1880]" pageId="12" pageNumber="61" refString="Foster, B. A. (1988) Tetrapachylasma: A new genus for a shallow water pachylasmatid barnacle from the Cook Islands. Crustaceana, 55 (3), 225 - 233." type="journal article" year="1988">Foster (1988)</bibRefCitation>
, follows, reducing the number of plates to four. To put it another way, these configurations generally progress from visible vestigial sutures of a tripartite rostrum (RRL) to a compound rostrum (RRL), followed in close order by the carinolaterals (CL1/CL2 to CL1CL2). In such an ontogenetic series, last vestiges of the sutures are best seen on the interior, and to a lesser extent exteriorly, on the older, apical portions of the plates involved.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A0C5179FFFEDFF8B54A05D4FFCA8FA56" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202510/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" targetBox="[370,1206,224,1261]" targetPageId="13">
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEDFF8B54A05D4FFCA8FA56" blockId="13.[151,1436,1312,1426]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B54A05D4FFED7FAF2" bold="true" box="[151,288,1312,1335]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEDFF8B55105D4EFDBFFAF3" box="[295,584,1313,1335]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Atetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dijonesae">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B55105D4EFDBFFAF3" box="[295,584,1313,1335]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Atetrapachylasma dijonesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B56785D4EFD19FAF2" bold="true" box="[591,750,1313,1334]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
, exploded four-plated wall arranged from loose plates, type lot: A, exterior of a rostrum; B and D, left and right carinolaterals; C, a carina; and E, the interior of a portion of a rostrum. Note the variably pronounced depression in the sheath of rostrum (E), which, together with the edges of the carinolateral alae, receives the rostral ends of the occludent ridges of the scuta (Figs 9A; 11C, D).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEDFF8B54F25DD5FD29F915" blockId="13.[151,1436,1466,2033]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
Five four-plated species were assigned to
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEDFF8B56A15DD5FC10FA16" authority="Foster, 1988" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="1988" box="[662,999,1466,1490]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B56A15DD5FCA1FA16" box="[662,854,1466,1490]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Tetrapachylasma</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFEDFF8B576B5DD4FC10FA16" author="Foster" box="[860,999,1466,1490]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" refString="Foster, B. A. (1988) Tetrapachylasma: A new genus for a shallow water pachylasmatid barnacle from the Cook Islands. Crustaceana, 55 (3), 225 - 233." type="journal article" year="1988">Foster, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFEDFF8B50275DD4FB56FA16" author="Jones" box="[1040,1185,1466,1490]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" refString="Jones, D. S. (2000) Crustacea Cirripedia Thoracica: Chionelasmatoidea and Pachylasmatoidea (Balanomorpha) of New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Wallis and Futuna Islands, with a review of all currently assigned taxa. In: Crosnier, A. (ed.), Resultats des Campagne MUSORSTOM 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Historie naturelle, 184, 141 - 283." type="journal article" year="2000">Jones (2000)</bibRefCitation>
, but of them only in
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEDFF8B51B05DD4FE79FA3D" authority="Foster, 1988" authorityName="Foster" authorityYear="1988" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigonum">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B51B05DD4FF09FA3D" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">T. trigonum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFEDFF8B55335D8DFE79FA3D" author="Foster" box="[260,398,1505,1529]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" refString="Foster, B. A. (1988) Tetrapachylasma: A new genus for a shallow water pachylasmatid barnacle from the Cook Islands. Crustaceana, 55 (3), 225 - 233." type="journal article" year="1988">Foster, 1988</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
are the compound plates, RLR and CL1CL2, believed, at least by Foster, to be passed through during ontogeny without traces of the fused sutures. However,
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEDFF8B57685E69FC14F9D9" box="[863,995,1542,1565]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigonum">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B57685E69FC14F9D9" box="[863,995,1542,1565]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">T. trigonum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from but three mature specimens, measuring between 8 and
<quantity id="3342EAF2FFEDFF8B563E5E46FDAEF985" box="[521,601,1577,1601]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
in R-C, diameter.
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFEDFF8B571C5E45FC4AF985" author="Jones" box="[811,957,1577,1601]" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" refString="Jones, D. S. (2000) Crustacea Cirripedia Thoracica: Chionelasmatoidea and Pachylasmatoidea (Balanomorpha) of New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Wallis and Futuna Islands, with a review of all currently assigned taxa. In: Crosnier, A. (ed.), Resultats des Campagne MUSORSTOM 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Historie naturelle, 184, 141 - 283." type="journal article" year="2000">Jones (2000)</bibRefCitation>
argues that, since traces of the sutures are seen in the ontogeny of the other four species and Foster did not have an ontogenetic series to judge by, one cannot be certain they are not also passed through in the ontogeny of
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEDFF8B57565E1DFC13F94D" box="[865,996,1650,1673]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigonum">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B57565E1DFC13F94D" box="[865,996,1650,1673]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">T. trigonum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The very small males of
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEDFF8B51265E1DFA62F94D" box="[1297,1429,1650,1673]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigonum">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B51265E1DFA62F94D" box="[1297,1429,1650,1673]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">T. trigonum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, measuring half a millimeter or so in R-C diameter, while perhaps four-plated, do not calcify in the carinolateral region, and so one cannot be sure about them either.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEDFF8854F25EB2FD39FEA0" blockId="13.[151,1436,1466,2033]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1436,151,356]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">
On the other hand, the sample of the new species consists of numerous loose shells and a half dozen or so complete specimens having R-C diameters ranging from ~
<quantity id="3342EAF2FFEDFF8B56C65F6EFC84F8DD" box="[753,883,1793,1817]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" unit="mm" value="9.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="4.0">4 to 15 mm</quantity>
, and no traces of vestigial sutures are seen among them. Furthermore, the males, a millimeter or so in R-C diameter, are clearly without vestigial sutures in the early uncalcified as well as the later calcified parts of the wall and, therefore, they too appear to be but four-plated. However, while this indicates that
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEDFF8B55D15F01FD9EF841" box="[486,617,1902,1925]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigonum">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B55D15F01FD9EF841" box="[486,617,1902,1925]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">T. trigonum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could also have been four-plated at the onset, so different are its opercular plates that it does not seem likely it is allied to the new species. Therefore, the genus may not be a monophyletic taxon. This is heightened by the fact that the same four-plated configuration arose independently in the 1) bathylasmatines (
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEDFF8B54C85FB6FE46F835" box="[255,433,2009,2033]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Bathylasmatidae" genus="Tetrachaelasma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B54C85FB6FE46F835" box="[255,433,2009,2033]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Tetrachaelasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 2) chthamalines (
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEDFF8B56B95FB6FCBEF835" box="[654,841,2009,2033]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Tetrachthamalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B56B95FB6FCBEF835" box="[654,841,2009,2033]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Tetrachthamalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), 3) elminiines (
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEDFF8B503F5FB6FAF3F835" authority="Austrominiu" authorityName="Austrominiu" box="[1032,1284,2009,2033]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" genus="Elminius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B503F5FB6FB9BF835" box="[1032,1132,2009,2033]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Elminius</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEDFF8B504C5FB6FAF3F835" box="[1147,1284,2009,2033]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="62">Austrominiu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s, etc. (
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFEDFF8851615FB6FE38FF6B" author="Buckeridge" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="13" pageNumber="62" refString="Buckeridge, J. S. &amp; Newman, W. A. (2010) A review of the subfamily Elminiinae (Cirripedia: Thoracica: Austrobalanidae), including a new genus, Protelminius nov., from the Oligocene of New Zealand. Zootaxa, 2349, 39 - 54." type="journal article" year="2010">Buckeridge and Newman 2010</bibRefCitation>
), 4) most
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF88566558F8FD2AFF6B" box="[594,733,151,175]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Tetraclitidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Tetraclitidae</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEEFF8856C358F7FED4FF10" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF8856C358F7FCABFF74" box="[756,860,152,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Tetraclitidae" genus="Epopella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Epopella</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF88575958F6FC0EFF74" box="[878,1017,153,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Tetraclitidae" genus="Tesseropora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tesseropora</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF88503D58F7FB62FF74" box="[1034,1173,152,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Tetraclitidae" genus="Tetraclitella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetraclitella</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF88509058F7FAE1FF74" box="[1191,1302,152,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Tetraclitidae" genus="Tetraclita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tetraclita</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF88511058F7FA60FF74" box="[1319,1431,152,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Tetraclitidae" genus="Astroclita" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Astroclita</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF8854A058D3FED4FF10" box="[151,291,188,212]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Tetraclitidae" genus="Newmanella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Newmanella</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF88556B58D3FDF6FF10" box="[348,513,188,212]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Tetraclitidae" genus="Yamaguchiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEEFF88556B58D3FDF6FF10" box="[348,513,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">Yamaguchiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), balanoids, including independently the 5) balanids
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF88506858D3FB05FF10" box="[1119,1266,188,212]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" genus="Tetrabalanus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEEFF88506858D3FB05FF10" box="[1119,1266,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">Tetrabalanus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEEFF88511B58D3FA8BFF10" box="[1324,1404,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF88511B58D3FA8FFF10" box="[1324,1400,188,212]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Balanidae" genus="Zulloa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Zulloa</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
6) pyrgomatids or coral barnacles (cf.
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFEEFF88561B58B0FD34FF33" author="Darwin" box="[556,707,223,247]" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" refString="Darwin, C. (1854) A monograph on the subclass Cirripedia, with figures of all species, the Balanidae, the Verrucidae etc. Pp 1 - 684 + pls 1 - 30. Ray Society, London." type="book chapter" year="1854">Darwin 1854</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFEEFF8856E7588FFC8EFF33" author="Newman" box="[720,889,223,247]" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" refString="Newman, W. A. (1967) A new genus of Chthamalidae (Cirripedia, Balanomorpha) from the Red Sea and Indian Ocean. Journal of Zoology, London, 153, 423 - 435." type="journal article" year="1967">Newman 1967</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFEEFF8857B2588FFB68FF33" author="Ross" box="[901,1183,223,247]" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" refString="Ross, A. &amp; Newman, W. A. (1996) A unique experiment in four-platedness by a Miocene barnacle (Cirripedia: Balanidae) that Darwin considered improbable. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 16 (4), 663 - 668." type="journal article" year="1996">Ross and Newman 1996</bibRefCitation>
), and the 7) bryozobiines (
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFEEFF8854E4596BFDD3FED8" author="Van" box="[211,548,260,284]" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" refString="Van Syoc, R. J. &amp; Newman, W. A. (2010) Morphology and evolutionary ecology of a sponge-barnacle symbiosis: Four new genera of barnacles (Archaeobalanidae, Bryozobiinae). Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 392, 65 - 88." type="journal article" year="2010">Van Syoc and Newman 2010</bibRefCitation>
). There are other four-plated configurations, such as R-RLCL-C in
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF885114596BFF36FE84" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chthamalidae" genus="Chamaesipho" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEEFF885114596BFF36FE84" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">Chamaesipho</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; a configuration arrived at by yet another route. Thus, monophyly of at least
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF8850555947FAD5FE84" box="[1122,1314,296,320]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEEFF8850555947FAD5FE84" box="[1122,1314,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">Tetrapachylasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
if not the pachylasmatines in general is anything but certain.
</paragraph>
<caption id="A0C5179FFFEEFF8854A05F26FEF2F81E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202511/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" targetBox="[323,1234,441,1824]" targetPageId="14">
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEEFF8854A05F26FEF2F81E" blockId="14.[151,1436,1865,2010]" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEEFF8854A05F26FED7F89B" bold="true" box="[151,288,1865,1888]" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 13.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEEFF8855105F25FDB0F8A4" box="[295,583,1866,1888]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Atetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="14" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dijonesae">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEEFF8855105F25FDB0F8A4" box="[295,583,1866,1888]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">Atetrapachylasma dijonesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEEFF88567A5F25FD04F89B" bold="true" box="[589,755,1866,1887]" pageId="14" pageNumber="63">gen. et sp. nov.,</emphasis>
opercular plates of female: A and B, interior and exterior of terga, and C and D, interior and exterior of scuta. Both the terga and scuta are isosceles triangles, the bases of which are formed by their occludent margins. Note that the weakly developed articular ridges and furrows, as well as the lack of adductor and depressor muscle crests (apodemes), pits or scars, are remarkable. Comparably simple opercular plates are seen in no other balanomorph.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A0C5179FFFEFFF8954A05AEAFAADFD3C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202512/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="64" targetBox="[374,1237,208,614]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEFFF8954A05AEAFAADFD3C" blockId="15.[151,1436,645,760]" pageId="15" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEFFF8954A05AEAFEE8FD5F" bold="true" box="[151,287,645,668]" pageId="15" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEFFF8955135AE9FDB3FD58" box="[292,580,646,668]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Atetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="15" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dijonesae">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEFFF8955135AE9FDB3FD58" box="[292,580,646,668]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="64">Atetrapachylasma dijonesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEFFF89567E5AE9FD12FD5F" bold="true" box="[585,741,646,667]" pageId="15" pageNumber="64">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
, dwarf males: A, viewed obliquely (R-C axis running between 10:30 and 4:30 o’clock); B, another individual, viewed from the carinal end, leaning markedly to its right, toward the aperture of the female (see Fig. 9 for four males
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEFFF8955DE5AABFDD0FD1D" box="[489,551,708,729]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="64">in situ</emphasis>
). Note that the chitinous primary wall is made up of four plates, with the rostrum overlapping the carinolaterals. There is no indication of sutures in the rostrum or the carinolaterals of the male or the female.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A0C5179FFFEFFF8954A05FD9FC55F82F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202513/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="64" targetBox="[189,1382,809,1944]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="F4054717FFEFFF8954A05FD9FC55F82F" blockId="15.[151,1436,1974,2027]" pageId="15" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEFFF8954A05FD9FED7F808" bold="true" box="[151,288,1974,1997]" pageId="15" pageNumber="64">FIGURE 15.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFEFFF8955105FD8FDB0F809" box="[295,583,1975,1997]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Atetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="15" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dijonesae">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEFFF8955105FD8FDB0F809" box="[295,583,1975,1997]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="64">Atetrapachylasma dijonesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFEFFF8956795FD8FD1AF808" bold="true" box="[590,749,1975,1996]" pageId="15" pageNumber="64">gen. et sp. nov.</emphasis>
, appendages: A, mandible; B, first maxillae; C, second maxilla; D, intermediate articles of cirrus VI; and E, crest of labrum flanked by left palp.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="F4054717FFF0FF9654F258F7FAF0FC98" blockId="16.[151,1437,151,860]" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">
Four of the five species of
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFF0FF9655CC58F7FD4CFF74" box="[507,699,152,176]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF9655CC58F7FD4CFF74" box="[507,699,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Tetrapachylasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known to have a calcareous basis, albeit it very thin, as it is centrally in at least two, and
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFF0FF9655E158D2FD91FF10" author="Jones" box="[470,614,188,212]" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" refString="Jones, D. S. (2000) Crustacea Cirripedia Thoracica: Chionelasmatoidea and Pachylasmatoidea (Balanomorpha) of New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Wallis and Futuna Islands, with a review of all currently assigned taxa. In: Crosnier, A. (ed.), Resultats des Campagne MUSORSTOM 21. Memoires du Museum national d'Historie naturelle, 184, 141 - 283." type="journal article" year="2000">Jones (2000)</bibRefCitation>
infers that the fifth has one too. Unfortunately, its nature (membranous or calcareous) in
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFF0FF96550B588FFD8CFF3C" box="[316,635,224,248]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Atetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dijonesae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF96550B588FFD8CFF3C" box="[316,635,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Atetrapachylasma dijonesae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDFD267EFFF0FF9656B3588FFD29FF3C" box="[644,734,224,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" rank="species">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF9656B3588FFD29FF3C" bold="true" box="[644,734,224,248]" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">sp. nov.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
could not be directly ascertained, but the videos taken during capture (cf.
<figureCitation id="6C815B92FFF0FF965528596BFE96FED8" box="[287,353,260,284]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1830,1853]" captionTargetBox="[295,1289,199,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[284,1301,193,1810]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 5. Atetrapachylasma dijonesae gen. et sp. nov. in situ on pillow basalt from 2080 m of depth Vance B Seamount, with nozzle of suction sampler of ROV Tiburon largely to their right. A, the remains of several walls broken away by the nozzle can be seen to the right of “ 1 ” leaving membranous bases exposed. B, the barnacles seen between “ 2 ” and “ 3 ” and to the right of “ 4 ” in A have been collected. N. B.: Inspection of MPEGs taken by ROV Tiburon during collection of the barnacles seen removed in these frames detected no loss of material in the process. Therefore, it can be said with confidence that the shell fragments at the base of the basalt below the barnacles (cf. Fig. 4) represent natural postmortem accumulations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202506/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
) show that, in the unlikely event one is present, it is very thin. Caudal appendages in the genus range from as many as 18 segments in
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFF0FF96567E5946FD39FE84" box="[585,718,297,320]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="arcuatum">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF96567E5946FD39FE84" box="[585,718,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">T. arcuatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
to as few as one in
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFF0FF96579C5946FBDBFE84" box="[939,1068,297,320]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trigonum">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF96579C5946FBDBFE84" box="[939,1068,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">T. trigonum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but none were found in the new form. The opercular plates of the previously described species of
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFF0FF9657405923FBC0FEA0" box="[887,1079,332,356]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF9657405923FBC0FEA0" box="[887,1079,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Tetrapachylasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while relatively generalized as balanomorphs go, have longitudinally striate scuta (a diagnostic feature of the genus), and terga with an incipient spur with an open furrow and strong depressor muscle crests. The operculum of the new form is macroscopically undistinguished, other than for the strong external and internal occludent ridge of the scuta. Furthermore, the tergum resembles that of the brachylepadomorph,
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFF0FF96568459B3FAE9FE30" authority="Newman" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1995" box="[691,1310,476,500]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Brachylepadidae" genus="Neobrachylepas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="relica">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF96568459B3FC47FE30" box="[691,944,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Neobrachylepas relica</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="902B3AE6FFF0FF96578E59B2FAE9FE30" author="Newman" box="[953,1310,476,500]" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" refString="Newman, W. A. &amp; Yamaguchi, T. (1995) A new sessile barnacle (Cirripedia; Brachylepadomorpha) from the Lau Back-Arc Basin, Tonga; first record of a living representative since the Miocene. Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris (4), 17 A (3 - 4), 211 - 243." type="journal article" year="1995">Newman and Yamaguchi, 1995</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, in its simplicity; that is, in having a straight basal margin (no indication of a spur, incipient or otherwise) and no tergal depressor muscle crests (apodemes), which is also the case in the otherwise more generalized balanomorphs,
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFF0FF96516B5A4BFF08FDA4" class="Maxillopoda" family="Chionelasmatidae" genus="Chionelasmus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF96516B5A4BFF08FDA4" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Chionelasmus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFF0FF96550F5A27FE4AFDA4" box="[312,445,584,608]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Waikalasmatidae" genus="Waikalasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF96550F5A27FE4AFDA4" box="[312,445,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Waikalasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. While the scuta are not crossed by the external longitudinal striae seen in
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFF0FF9651225A27FF2DFD40" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF9651225A27FF2DFD40" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Tetrapachylasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in general, the growth lines alternate to form fine interdigitating teeth along their occludent margins and the external occludent ridge appears to be a unique apomorphy. The simple growth lines of the terga also interdigitate along their occludent margins and this may be a unique apomorphy. Otherwise, the simplicity of the opercular parts of the new form, especially the terga, suggest they have either retrogressed from those of the other species of
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFF0FF96516F5AB6FEEAFCD0" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Tetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF96516F5AB6FEEAFCD0" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Tetrapachylasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, its extant allies, or from some extinct pachylasmatine ancestor, or they are simply the least modified of any known pachylasmatoid, or of any balanomorphs for that matter. Whichever, taken a face value,
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFF0FF96513D5B4FFF2DFC98" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" genus="Atetrapachylasma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF96513D5B4FFF2DFC98" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">Atetrapachylasma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a unique barnacle, and it is recommended it be placed
<emphasis id="C6CE9B05FFF0FF96576C5B2AFC01FC98" box="[859,1014,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="65">incertae sedis</emphasis>
in the
<taxonomicName id="33BA3C94FFF0FF9650745B2BFAF4FC98" box="[1091,1283,836,860]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pachylasmatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sessilia" pageId="16" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pachylasmatinae">Pachylasmatinae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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