340 lines
52 KiB
XML
340 lines
52 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="4DDBE757A3F3F794E8BFC85993CF7952">Revision of the Venezuelan spider genus Stenosfemuraia González-Sponga, with new generic and specific synonymies (Araneae, Pholcidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9C11E7AFA3AD06B48E6596F691171696">Huber, Bernhard A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0511B7E14C357838EB2FC03218F39B1B">Arias, Quintin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4723A7CF6FC8AA9D7F0157DA4495F4FA">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="B80782677A1088D5498EE27613D76FB7">
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<mods:date id="A65FA5FDAA872D6C81F00120652FC17C">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CCC0D832E848B8EA01BCB05B5C7A7469">2017-11-02</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE56E5FE5CFDC788DF" ID-CoL="7MVQ" ID-ENA="280442" authority="Gonzalez-Sponga, 1998" authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,639,474,500]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Stenosfemuraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE56E5FE5CFDC788DF" bold="true" box="[151,639,474,500]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE56E5FE5CFEED88DF" bold="true" box="[151,341,474,500]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Stenosfemuraia</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="97373098FFDCFFEE5729FE5CFDC788DF" author="Gonzalez-Sponga" box="[347,639,474,500]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" refString="Gonzalez-Sponga, M. A. (1998) Aracnidos de Venezuela. Cuatro nuevos generos y cuatro nuevas especies de la familia Pholcidae Koch, 1850 (Araneae). Memoria, Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, 57 (148), 17 - 31." type="journal article" year="1998">González-Sponga, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="BBBC1EE2FFDCFFEE56E5FDA7FC488A2A" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="F3194D69FFDCFFEE56E5FDA7FB868B1C" blockId="1.[151,1283,545,628]" box="[151,1086,545,567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D3B66A47FFDCFFEE56E5FDA7FB868B1C" box="[151,1086,545,567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
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<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE56E5FDA7FDEE8B1C" ID-CoL="7MVQ" authority="Gonzalez-Sponga, 1998: 21" authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="1998" box="[151,598,545,567]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Stenosfemuraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE56E5FDA7FE8C8B1D" box="[151,308,545,566]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Stenosfemuraia</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="72076B78FFDCFFEE574BFDA7FDEE8B1C" author="Gonzalez-Sponga" box="[313,598,545,567]" page="21" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" year="1998">
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<bibRefCitation id="97373098FFDCFFEE574BFDA7FD888B1C" author="Gonzalez-Sponga" box="[313,560,545,567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" refString="Gonzalez-Sponga, M. A. (1998) Aracnidos de Venezuela. Cuatro nuevos generos y cuatro nuevas especies de la familia Pholcidae Koch, 1850 (Araneae). Memoria, Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, 57 (148), 17 - 31." type="journal article" year="1998">González-Sponga, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 21
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</taxonomicName>
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; type species:
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<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE549BFDA4FB828B1C" ID-CoL="524ZY" authority="Gonzalez-Sponga, 1998" authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="1998" box="[745,1082,545,567]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Stenosfemuraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE549BFDA4FC868B1C" box="[745,830,546,567]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">S. parva</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="97373098FFDCFFEE5536FDA7FB828B1C" author="Gonzalez-Sponga" box="[836,1082,545,567]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" refString="Gonzalez-Sponga, M. A. (1998) Aracnidos de Venezuela. Cuatro nuevos generos y cuatro nuevas especies de la familia Pholcidae Koch, 1850 (Araneae). Memoria, Sociedad de Ciencias Naturales La Salle, 57 (148), 17 - 31." type="journal article" year="1998">González-Sponga, 1998</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F3194D69FFDCFFEE56E5FDC6FABB8B5F" blockId="1.[151,1283,545,628]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="D3B66A47FFDCFFEE56E5FDC6FABB8B5F" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
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<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE56E5FDC6FD868B7D" authority="Gonzalez-Sponga, 2005: 100" authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityPageNumber="100" authorityYear="2005" box="[151,574,576,598]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Codazziella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE56E5FDC6FEB78B7E" box="[151,271,576,597]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Codazziella</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="72076B78FFDCFFEE5767FDC6FD868B7D" author="Gonzalez-Sponga" box="[277,574,576,598]" page="100" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" year="2005">
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<bibRefCitation id="97373098FFDCFFEE5767FDC6FDB48B7D" author="Gonzalez-Sponga" box="[277,524,576,598]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" refString="Gonzalez-Sponga, M. A. (2005) Aracnidos de Venezuela. Tres nuevos generos y cuatro nuevas especies de la familia Pholcidae (Araneae). Saber, Universidad de Oriente, Venezuela, 17, 99 - 109." type="journal article" year="2005">González-Sponga, 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 100
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; type species:
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<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE54A3FDC6FB918B7D" ID-CoL="98XDM" authority="Gonzalez-Sponga, 2005" authorityName=", Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="2005" box="[721,1065,576,598]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Codazziella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosa">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE54A3FDC6FC948B7E" box="[721,812,576,597]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">C. pilosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="97373098FFDCFFEE5541FDC6FB918B7D" author="Gonzalez-Sponga" box="[819,1065,576,598]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" refString="Gonzalez-Sponga, M. A. (2005) Aracnidos de Venezuela. Tres nuevos generos y cuatro nuevas especies de la familia Pholcidae (Araneae). Saber, Universidad de Oriente, Venezuela, 17, 99 - 109." type="journal article" year="2005">González-Sponga, 2005</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
.
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE5241FDC6FB6D8B7E" bold="true" box="[1075,1237,576,597]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">New synonymy</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE56E5FDD9FDFA8B5F" authority="Gonzalez-Sponga, 2011: 41" authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityPageNumber="41" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,578,606,628]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Chichiriviche" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE56E5FDD9FE998B5F" box="[151,289,607,628]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Chichiriviche</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="72076B78FFDCFFEE5755FDD8FDFA8B5F" author="Gonzalez-Sponga" box="[295,578,606,628]" page="41" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" year="2011">
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<bibRefCitation id="97373098FFDCFFEE5755FDD8FDA58B5F" author="Gonzalez-Sponga" box="[295,541,606,628]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" refString="Gonzalez-Sponga, M. A. (2011) Biodiversidad de Venezuela. Aracnidos. Descripcion de cinco nuevos generos y cinco nuevas especies de la familia Pholcidae Koch, 1850. Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 28 (2), 39 - 51." type="journal article" year="2011">González-Sponga, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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: 41
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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; type species:
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<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE54A7FDD9FBE98B5F" authority="Gonzalez-Sponga, 2011" authorityName=", Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="2011" box="[725,1105,606,628]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Chichiriviche" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="costanero">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE54A7FDD9FCEE8B5F" box="[725,854,607,628]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">C. costanero</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="97373098FFDCFFEE552EFDD8FBE98B5F" author="Gonzalez-Sponga" box="[860,1105,606,628]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" refString="Gonzalez-Sponga, M. A. (2011) Biodiversidad de Venezuela. Aracnidos. Descripcion de cinco nuevos generos y cinco nuevas especies de la familia Pholcidae Koch, 1850. Acta Biologica Venezuelica, 28 (2), 39 - 51." type="journal article" year="2011">González-Sponga, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE5229FDD9FB458B5F" bold="true" box="[1115,1277,607,628]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">New synonymy</emphasis>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F3194D69FFDCFFEE56E5FD27FC488A2A" blockId="1.[151,1437,673,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE56E5FD27FE4A8B91" bold="true" box="[151,498,673,698]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Justification of synonymies.</emphasis>
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The two
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<typeStatus id="2C1DF3CBFFDCFFEE5407FD24FD1D8B91" box="[629,677,674,698]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">type</typeStatus>
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species of
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<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE554EFD27FC798B92" authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="2005" box="[828,961,673,697]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Codazziella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE554EFD27FC798B92" box="[828,961,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Codazziella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE5275FD27FB188B92" authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="2011" box="[1031,1184,673,697]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Chichiriviche" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE5275FD27FB188B92" box="[1031,1184,673,697]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Chichiriviche</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are conspecific (see redescription of
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<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE573DFD43FDF08BF6" ID-CoL="524ZZ" authorityName="Huber & Arias" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[335,584,709,733]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Stenosfemuraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosa">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE573DFD43FDF08BF6" box="[335,584,709,733]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Stenosfemuraia pilosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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below), and the single species resulting from this synonymy is very similar to and shares all relevant characters with the
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<typeStatus id="2C1DF3CBFFDCFFEE54FDFD6CFD078A29" box="[655,703,746,770]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE554EFD6FFC518A2A" ID-CoL="7MVQ" box="[828,1001,745,769]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Stenosfemuraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE554EFD6FFC518A2A" box="[828,1001,745,769]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Stenosfemuraia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BBBC1EE2FFDCFFEE56B5FC8BFCF98D09" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="F3194D69FFDCFFEE56B5FC8BFCF98D09" blockId="1.[151,1437,673,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
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||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE56B5FC8BFEF98A0D" bold="true" box="[199,321,781,806]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Medium sized (~2.0–
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<quantity id="345EE08CFFDCFFEE544FFC8BFD2D8A0E" box="[573,661,781,806]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
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total body length), eight-eyed spiders with round to oval abdomens and relatively short legs (tibia 1 L/d ~25–60). Distinguished from most species in related genera by shape of abdomen (elongated in
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<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE57D3FCD0FD5E8A45" authority="Simon, 1893" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" box="[417,742,853,878]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Coryssocnemis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE57D3FCD0FDF28A46" box="[417,586,854,877]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Coryssocnemis</emphasis>
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Simon, 1893
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</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE5480FCD0FC498A45" authority="Simon, 1893" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" box="[754,1009,853,878]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Systenita" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE5480FCD0FCEF8A46" box="[754,855,854,877]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Systenita</emphasis>
|
||
Simon, 1893
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and in most species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE5370FCD3FE938AB9" authority="Simon, 1893" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Mecolaesthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE5370FCD3FA248A46" box="[1282,1436,853,877]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Mecolaesthus</emphasis>
|
||
Simon, 1893
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). From similar species in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE543CFCFFFD508ABA" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" box="[590,744,889,913]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Mecolaesthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE543CFCFFFD508ABA" box="[590,744,889,913]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Mecolaesthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by combination of: ventral apophysis distally on male palpal femur directed towards distal (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE579FFC1BFDFB8A9D" box="[493,579,925,950]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,193,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Stenosfemuraia parva, ZFMK Ar 18251. 9 – 10. Left pedipalp, prolateral and retrolateral views (b, genital bulb; c, coxa; f, femur; p, procursus; ta, tarsus; ti, tibia; tr, trochanter). 11. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 12 – 13. Epigynum, lateral and ventral views. 14. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040561/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Figs 10</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5422FC18FDD68A9D" box="[592,622,926,950]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 27" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,183,1733]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,183,1736]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 27. Stenosfemuraia cuadrata, ZFMK Ar 18253. 22 – 23. Left pedipalp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 24. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 25 – 26. Epigynum, lateral and ventral views. 27. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040565/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">23</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5408FC1BFD228A9D" box="[634,666,925,950]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,193,1689]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1690]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Stenosfemuraia pilosa, ZFMK Ar 18254. 35 – 36. Left pedipalp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 37. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 38 – 39. Epigynum, lateral and ventral views. 40. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0. 3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040569/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">36</figureCitation>
|
||
); genital bulb with slender distal apophysis and two dorsal processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE56EDFC47FE6B8AF1" box="[159,467,961,986]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 52" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[161,1420,286,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,286,1927]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 52. Stenosfemuraia parva (41 – 44, ZFMK Ar 18251), S. cuadrata (45 – 48, ZFMK Ar 18253) and S. pilosa (49 – 52, ZFMK Ar 18254). Genital bulb processes (all at same scale) in dorsal (41, 45, 49) and ventral (42, 46, 50) views. Palpal tarsus and procursus (all at same scale) in prolateral (43, 47, 51) and dorsal (44, 48, 52) views. Scale lines: 0.3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040571/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Figs 41–42, 45–46, 49–50</figureCitation>
|
||
); large membranous (whitish) area in front of small epigynal plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5295FC47FA8B8AF1" box="[1255,1331,961,986]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,714,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,714,1856]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 8. Stenosfemuraia parva, ZFMK Ar 18251. 2 – 5. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 6 – 7. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 8. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040559/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Figs 6</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5330FC44FAD88AF1" box="[1346,1376,962,986]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 21" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[172,1425,805,1963]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[172,1425,805,1963]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 21. Stenosfemuraia cuadrata, ZFMK Ar 18253. 15 – 18. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 19 – 20. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 21. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040563/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">19</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE531DFC44FA378AF1" box="[1391,1423,962,986]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 34" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,697,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,697,1916]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 34. Stenosfemuraia pilosa, ZFMK Ar 18254. 28 – 31. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 32 – 33. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 34. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">32</figureCitation>
|
||
); internal female genitalia with anteriorly diverging sclerites/‘wings’ (arrows in
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5262FC63FBE08AD5" box="[1040,1112,997,1022]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,714,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,714,1856]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 8. Stenosfemuraia parva, ZFMK Ar 18251. 2 – 5. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 6 – 7. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 8. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040559/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Figs 8</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5214FC60FB3C8AD5" box="[1126,1156,998,1022]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 21" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[172,1425,805,1963]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[172,1425,805,1963]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 21. Stenosfemuraia cuadrata, ZFMK Ar 18253. 15 – 18. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 19 – 20. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 21. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040563/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">21</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE52E3FC60FB098AD5" box="[1169,1201,998,1022]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 34" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,697,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,697,1916]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 34. Stenosfemuraia pilosa, ZFMK Ar 18254. 28 – 31. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 32 – 33. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 34. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">34</figureCitation>
|
||
); presence of curved hairs on male (rarely also female) legs (tibiae and metatarsi).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BBBC1EE2FFDCFFEE56B5FBABFDFC8EC5" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="F3194D69FFDCFFEE56B5FBABFAC78DD1" blockId="1.[151,1437,673,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE56B5FBABFEE18D6D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1069,1094]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Male. Total body length 2.5–3.5; carapace width 1.0–1.4. Carapace posteriorly elevated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE533FFBABFA2F8D6D" box="[1357,1431,1069,1094]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,714,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,714,1856]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 8. Stenosfemuraia parva, ZFMK Ar 18251. 2 – 5. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 6 – 7. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 8. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040559/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Figs 3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE56E5FBD7FF0D8D41" box="[151,181,1105,1130]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 21" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[172,1425,805,1963]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[172,1425,805,1963]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 21. Stenosfemuraia cuadrata, ZFMK Ar 18253. 15 – 18. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 19 – 20. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 21. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040563/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">16</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE56B3FBD4FF588D41" box="[193,224,1106,1130]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 34" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,697,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,697,1916]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 34. Stenosfemuraia pilosa, ZFMK Ar 18254. 28 – 31. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 32 – 33. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 34. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">29</figureCitation>
|
||
), with deep median furrow; ocular area weakly raised, eight eyes relatively close together, AME very small. Clypeus high, unmodified. Chelicerae never with stridulatory ridges, with one or two pairs of frontal apophyses (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE56EDFB1FFF448D99" box="[159,252,1177,1202]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,193,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Stenosfemuraia parva, ZFMK Ar 18251. 9 – 10. Left pedipalp, prolateral and retrolateral views (b, genital bulb; c, coxa; f, femur; p, procursus; ta, tarsus; ti, tibia; tr, trochanter). 11. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 12 – 13. Epigynum, lateral and ventral views. 14. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040561/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Figs 11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE577DFB1CFE958D99" box="[271,301,1178,1202]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 27" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,183,1733]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,183,1736]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 27. Stenosfemuraia cuadrata, ZFMK Ar 18253. 22 – 23. Left pedipalp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 24. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 25 – 26. Epigynum, lateral and ventral views. 27. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040565/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">24</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5732FB1CFEE78D99" box="[320,351,1178,1202]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,193,1689]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1690]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Stenosfemuraia pilosa, ZFMK Ar 18254. 35 – 36. Left pedipalp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 37. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 38 – 39. Epigynum, lateral and ventral views. 40. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0. 3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040569/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">37</figureCitation>
|
||
), without modified hairs. Palpal coxa with retrolatero-ventral apophysis; trochanter barely modified; femur with retrolatero-ventral process proximally and ventral apophysis distally; procursus simple (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5318FB3BFE318DD1" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 52" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[161,1420,286,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,286,1927]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 52. Stenosfemuraia parva (41 – 44, ZFMK Ar 18251), S. cuadrata (45 – 48, ZFMK Ar 18253) and S. pilosa (49 – 52, ZFMK Ar 18254). Genital bulb processes (all at same scale) in dorsal (41, 45, 49) and ventral (42, 46, 50) views. Palpal tarsus and procursus (all at same scale) in prolateral (43, 47, 51) and dorsal (44, 48, 52) views. Scale lines: 0.3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040571/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Figs 43–44, 47–48, 51–52</figureCitation>
|
||
); bulb with slender distal apophysis and two dorsal processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5235FB67FACA8DD1" box="[1095,1394,1249,1274]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 52" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1948,1971]" captionTargetBox="[161,1420,286,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,286,1927]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 52. Stenosfemuraia parva (41 – 44, ZFMK Ar 18251), S. cuadrata (45 – 48, ZFMK Ar 18253) and S. pilosa (49 – 52, ZFMK Ar 18254). Genital bulb processes (all at same scale) in dorsal (41, 45, 49) and ventral (42, 46, 50) views. Palpal tarsus and procursus (all at same scale) in prolateral (43, 47, 51) and dorsal (44, 48, 52) views. Scale lines: 0.3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040571/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Figs 41–42, 45–46, 49–50</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F3194D69FFDCFFEE56B5FA80FE088CA1" blockId="1.[151,1437,673,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
|
||
Legs relatively short, leg 1 length 13–24, tibia 1 length 3.1–5.7, tibia 2/tibia 4 length 0.9–1.1. Tibia 1 L/d ~25– 60. Femora sometimes thickened (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE545DFAACFD2A8C6A" authorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" authorityYear="1998" box="[559,658,1322,1345]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Stenosfemuraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parva">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE545DFAACFD2A8C6A" box="[559,658,1322,1345]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">S. parva</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE54D7FAACFCB38C6A" authorityName="Huber & Arias" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Gonzalez-Sponga" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[677,779,1321,1345]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Stenosfemuraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pilosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE54D7FAACFCB38C6A" box="[677,779,1321,1345]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">S. pilosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Legs without spines, with curved hairs on tibiae and metatarsi, retrolateral trichobothrium at 6–9%, prolateral trichobothrium always present (also on tibiae 1). Tarsal pseudosegments distinct.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F3194D69FFDCFFEE56B5FA13FF568CF9" blockId="1.[151,1437,673,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
|
||
Abdomen round to oval, higher than long, with dark internal marks dorsally and laterally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE52A8FA13FAF98C85" box="[1242,1345,1429,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,714,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,714,1856]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 8. Stenosfemuraia parva, ZFMK Ar 18251. 2 – 5. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 6 – 7. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 8. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040559/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Figs 2–3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE533DFA13FA2F8C85" box="[1359,1431,1429,1454]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 21" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[172,1425,805,1963]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[172,1425,805,1963]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 21. Stenosfemuraia cuadrata, ZFMK Ar 18253. 15 – 18. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 19 – 20. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 21. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040563/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">15–16</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE56E5FA3CFF5A8CF9" box="[151,226,1466,1490]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 34" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,697,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,697,1916]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 34. Stenosfemuraia pilosa, ZFMK Ar 18254. 28 – 31. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 32 – 33. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 34. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">28–29</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F3194D69FFDCFFEE56B5FA5BFD338FAD" blockId="1.[151,1437,673,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE56B5FA5BFE9D8CDD" bold="true" box="[199,293,1501,1526]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Very similar to male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5458FA5BFD298CDD" box="[554,657,1501,1526]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,714,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,714,1856]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 8. Stenosfemuraia parva, ZFMK Ar 18251. 2 – 5. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 6 – 7. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 8. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040559/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Figs 4–5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE54EDFA58FD5F8CDD" box="[671,743,1502,1526]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 21" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[172,1425,805,1963]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[172,1425,805,1963]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 21. Stenosfemuraia cuadrata, ZFMK Ar 18253. 15 – 18. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 19 – 20. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 21. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040563/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">17–18</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5487FA58FC868CDD" box="[757,830,1502,1526]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 34" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,697,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,697,1916]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 34. Stenosfemuraia pilosa, ZFMK Ar 18254. 28 – 31. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 32 – 33. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 34. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">30–31</figureCitation>
|
||
), carapace less elevated, legs usually without curved hairs, legs shorter than in male, leg femora never thickened. Epigynum with large protruding weakly sclerotized area in front of epigynal plate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE578CF9A3FDDD8F15" box="[510,613,1573,1598]" captionStart="FIGURES 2 – 8" captionStartId="3.[151,264,1890,1913]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,714,1856]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,714,1856]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURES 2 – 8. Stenosfemuraia parva, ZFMK Ar 18251. 2 – 5. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 6 – 7. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 8. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040559/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Figs 6–7</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5400F9A0FD038F15" box="[626,699,1574,1598]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 21" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1978,2001]" captionTargetBox="[172,1425,805,1963]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[172,1425,805,1963]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 21. Stenosfemuraia cuadrata, ZFMK Ar 18253. 15 – 18. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 19 – 20. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 21. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040563/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">19–20</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE54BAF9A0FCAA8F15" box="[712,786,1574,1598]" captionStart="FIGURES 28 – 34" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1937,1960]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,697,1916]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,697,1916]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 28 – 34. Stenosfemuraia pilosa, ZFMK Ar 18254. 28 – 31. Male and female, dorsal and lateral views. 32 – 33. Epigynum, ventral and lateral views. 34. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view (arrows: lateral sclerites / ‘ wings’)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040567/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">32–33</figureCitation>
|
||
), the latter weakly curved, without processes or pockets; simple posterior plate. Internal female genitalia with anteriorly diverging sclerites/‘wings’, membranous median sac, and pair of pore plates (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE57A0F9EBFD918FAD" box="[466,553,1645,1670]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1794,1817]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,193,1773]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1773]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Stenosfemuraia parva, ZFMK Ar 18251. 9 – 10. Left pedipalp, prolateral and retrolateral views (b, genital bulb; c, coxa; f, femur; p, procursus; ta, tarsus; ti, tibia; tr, trochanter). 11. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 12 – 13. Epigynum, lateral and ventral views. 14. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040561/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Figs 14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE5447F9E8FDEB8FAD" box="[565,595,1646,1670]" captionStart="FIGURES 22 – 27" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1739,1762]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,183,1733]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,183,1736]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 22 – 27. Stenosfemuraia cuadrata, ZFMK Ar 18253. 22 – 23. Left pedipalp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 24. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 25 – 26. Epigynum, lateral and ventral views. 27. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0.3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040565/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">27</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDCFFEE542CF9E8FDC68FAD" box="[606,638,1646,1670]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 40" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1711,1734]" captionTargetBox="[153,1432,193,1689]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1690]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 40. Stenosfemuraia pilosa, ZFMK Ar 18254. 35 – 36. Left pedipalp, prolateral and retrolateral views. 37. Male chelicerae, frontal view. 38 – 39. Epigynum, lateral and ventral views. 40. Cleared female genitalia, dorsal view. Scale lines: 0. 3." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040569/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">40</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F3194D69FFDCFFEE56B5F917FD2E8EA9" blockId="1.[151,1437,673,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE56B5F917FEC88F81" bold="true" box="[199,368,1681,1706]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Relationships.</emphasis>
|
||
Previous molecular phylogenies have suggested a close relationship of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE52FCF917FA838F82" box="[1166,1339,1681,1705]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Stenosfemuraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE52FCF917FA838F82" box="[1166,1339,1681,1705]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Stenosfemuraia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the Venezuelan (or mostly Venezuelan) genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE54E0F933FC948FE6" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" box="[658,812,1717,1741]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Mecolaesthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE54E0F933FC948FE6" box="[658,812,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Mecolaesthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE554CF930FC508FE6" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" box="[830,1000,1718,1741]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Coryssocnemis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE554CF930FC508FE6" box="[830,1000,1718,1741]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Coryssocnemis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE525CF930FB2B8FE6" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" box="[1070,1171,1718,1741]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Systenita" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE525CF930FB2B8FE6" box="[1070,1171,1718,1741]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Systenita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="97373098FFDCFFEE52D7F933FF6B8FD9" author="Bruvo-Madaric" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" refString="Bruvo-Madaric, B., Huber, B. A., Steinacher, A. & Pass, G. (2005) Phylogeny of pholcid spiders (Araneae: Pholcidae): combined analysis using morphology and molecules. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 37, 661 - 673. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2005.08.016" type="journal article" year="2005">
|
||
Bruvo-Mađarić
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE5312F930FA248FE6" box="[1376,1436,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2005
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="97373098FFDCFFEE56ACF95FFE1F8FD9" author="Astrin" box="[222,423,1753,1778]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" refString="Astrin, J. J., Misof, B. & Huber, B. A. (2007) The pitfalls of exaggeration: molecular and morphological evidence suggests Kaliana is a synonym of Mesabolivar (Araneae: Pholcidae). Zootaxa, 1646, 17 - 30." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Astrin
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE5759F95CFEDB8FDA" box="[299,355,1753,1777]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This is also supported in our most recent molecular phylogeny of the family (J. Eberle
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE53FAF95CFF0C8E3E" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, unpublished data). Relationships among and within these genera remain poorly resolved. Even the monophylies of the genera need further study, i.e. some genera may actually be nested within a paraphyletic
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE56E5F8C3FE898E76" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,305,1861,1885]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Mecolaesthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE56E5F8C3FE898E76" box="[151,305,1861,1885]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Mecolaesthus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as for example
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE5799F8C0FD2D8E76" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1893" box="[491,661,1862,1885]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Coryssocnemis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE5799F8C0FD2D8E76" box="[491,661,1862,1885]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Coryssocnemis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- but not
|
||
<taxonomicName id="34A636EAFFDCFFEE548CF8C3FC138E76" box="[766,939,1861,1885]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Stenosfemuraia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="1" pageNumber="496" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE548CF8C3FC138E76" box="[766,939,1861,1885]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Stenosfemuraia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
- in our most recent molecular phylogeny of the family; J. Eberle
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE57F3F8ECFE018EAA" box="[385,441,1897,1921]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, unpublished data).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F3194D69FFDCFFEE56B5F80BFDFC8EC5" blockId="1.[151,1437,673,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDCFFEE56B5F80BFE3D8E8D" bold="true" box="[199,389,1933,1958]" pageId="1" pageNumber="496">Natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
All newly collected specimens below were found near the ground, mostly in forest litter, but also under larger objects like logs and rocks. Males and females were often found in close proximity. When disturbed, the spiders vibrated rapidly.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BBBC1EE2FFDFFFED56B5FF11FCC7884E" pageId="2" pageNumber="497" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="F3194D69FFDFFFED56B5FF11FCE789D3" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDFFFED56B5FF11FED8899B" bold="true" box="[199,352,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus is apparently restricted to forests at medium to high elevation (~
|
||
<quantity id="345EE08CFFDFFFED52D9FF11FA838984" box="[1195,1339,151,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.575" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="2" pageNumber="497" unit="m" value="1575.0" valueMax="2200.0" valueMin="950.0">950–2200 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l.) in the Cordillera de la Costa region in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8BB10DF9FFDFFFED544FFF3AFD0889FE" box="[573,688,188,213]" name="Venezuela" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="6B9D51ECFFDFFFED54B0FF3AFCBE89FF" box="[706,774,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1045,1067]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,411,1021]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,411,1021]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Known distribution of Stenosfemuraia." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1040557/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). It has been found in the states
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3162838BFFDFFFED52F9FF3AFB5889FF" box="[1163,1248,188,212]" country="Venezuela" name="Aragua" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">Aragua</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3162838BFFDFFFED529DFF3BFA8689FE" box="[1263,1342,189,213]" country="Venezuela" name="Vargas" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">Vargas</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3162838BFFDFFFED5339FF3AFF5689D3" country="Venezuela" name="Distrito Capital" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">Capital District</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3162838BFFDFFFED575AFF59FE2D89D3" box="[296,405,223,248]" country="Venezuela" name="Carabobo" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">Carabobo</collectingRegion>
|
||
and likely ranges into the state
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3162838BFFDFFFED548AFF59FCE389D3" box="[760,859,223,248]" country="Venezuela" name="Miranda" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">Miranda</collectingRegion>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F3194D69FFDFFFED56B5FE82FCC7884E" blockId="2.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="43CE4734FFDFFFED56B5FE82FCC7884E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1677458070" collectionCode="ZFMK, AMNH, MNHN" collectorName="La Cumbre" location="San Esteban" pageId="2" pageNumber="497" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="C1D2917BFFDFFFED56B5FE82FEDE8836" bold="true" box="[199,358,260,285]" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">Composition.</emphasis>
|
||
The genus now includes the three named species treated below. A fourth (undescribed) species occurs in Henri Pittier National Park at Rancho Grande and at
|
||
<collectorName id="5E5328BFFFDFFFED550EFEAEFC46886B" box="[892,1022,295,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">La Cumbre</collectorName>
|
||
between
|
||
<location id="F6791BB2FFDFFFED5203FEAEFB46886B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7B0FFC7FFFDCFFED56E5FE5CFCC7884E:F6791BB2FFDFFFED5203FEAEFB46886B" box="[1137,1278,295,320]" name="San Esteban" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">San Estéban</location>
|
||
and Valencia (specimens in
|
||
<collectionCode id="95B7D5ACFFDFFFED574BFECBFE32884F" box="[313,394,333,356]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34613" name="Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">ZFMK</collectionCode>
|
||
, Ar 18256,
|
||
<collectionCode id="95B7D5ACFFDFFFED547FFECAFDDD884F" box="[525,613,332,356]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
, and
|
||
<collectionCode id="95B7D5ACFFDFFFED54D2FECBFD40884F" box="[672,760,333,356]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="2" pageNumber="497">MNHN</collectionCode>
|
||
, Ar 10556).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |