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<document id="25F5A53DD586CBF647098C3B674B94CE" ID-CLB-Dataset="46158" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.7" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3aef331c-7a5e-48ba-8731-a93a3a993511" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="226134" ID-ZooBank="72C52670-4454-46D3-8D71-9BC8E8A98434" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460400490028" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Garrison, Rosser W." docDate="2014" docId="7734CE704841FF85FF578BD7FB8B11E9" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03780p364.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3780 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Oxystigma caerulans De Marmels 1987" docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="358" masterDocId="8B0DB6084842FF8EFFC0882DFF8D1521" masterDocTitle="Review of Oxystigma Selys with the synonymy of Oxystigma williamsoni Geijskes (Odonata: Heteragrionidae)" masterLastPageNumber="364" masterPageNumber="347" pageNumber="350" updateTime="1698299187996" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="6E79880723A54A79E387CFA54E3B7AD9" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="DBDC4678B9330D157894A4FBDBFB895A">Review of Oxystigma Selys with the synonymy of Oxystigma williamsoni Geijskes (Odonata: Heteragrionidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="18CD5B674B311E18EECE07B42A76650F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DA54097E6053A15169418ADE9B1E943F">
<mods:roleTerm id="3A4CF3580336476AB6D9F9175FC9F9BE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1F96CED83115FB94632EA416683E2741">Garrison, Rosser W.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="A8A75906747C2C153553B56CCF695713">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="8F9788A081B5BC0820DE125B7DE9336E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="DA927F2C2EBF6581DFCE01BE018B6B88">
<mods:date id="23915916B4A51B549167A0201F5EF285">2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="B6E872C58C79FF1E352AB9A7915FB52F" type="volume">
<mods:number id="F2EE2202C7635323A353CCAE42B6701A">3780</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D199ADE38F144AFA6B9AEDFE947E07F8">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="67A37DD4B7C1A6625580DF62C2EC8180">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4C4CA3A9D4D07E37FB5D3CA468884C3C" type="CLB-Dataset">46158</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B772B527EBB5AA6D61FCB5B6293B33B1" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3780.2.7</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EDA1027D129E1467A9AC812469B7CCA1" type="GBIF-Dataset">3aef331c-7a5e-48ba-8731-a93a3a993511</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7734CE704841FF85FF578BD7FB8B11E9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6132490" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119419563" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6132490" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7734CE704841FF85FF578BD7FB8B11E9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7734CE704841FF85FF578BD7FB8B11E9" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="358" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<subSubSection id="B7872CED4841FF8DFF578BD7FCDA1117" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FF227F664841FF8DFF578BD7FDF41135" blockId="3.[151,855,1018,1078]" box="[151,633,1018,1044]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<heading id="A46AC80A4841FF8DFF578BD7FDF41135" bold="true" box="[151,633,1018,1044]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54841FF8DFF578BD7FDF41135" ID-CoL="4BKDN" authority="De Marmels 1987" authorityName="De Marmels" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,633,1018,1044]" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Oxystigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caerulans">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFF578BD7FDF41135" bold="true" box="[151,633,1018,1044]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFF578BD7FE1B1135" bold="true" box="[151,406,1018,1044]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Oxystigma caerulans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9B0C02974841FF8DFE5D8BD7FDF41135" author="De" box="[413,633,1018,1044]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" refString="De Marmels, J. (1987) On the type specimens of some neotropical Megapodagrionidae, with a description of Heteragrion pemon spec. nov. and Oxystigma caerulans spec. nov. from Venezuela (Zygoptera). Odonatologica, 16 (3), 225 - 238." type="journal article" year="1987">De Marmels 1987</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF227F664841FF8DFF578C30FCDA1117" blockId="3.[151,855,1018,1078]" box="[151,855,1053,1078]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFF578C30FF6E1117" box="[151,227,1053,1078]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,263,1908,1931]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,243,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,195,1854]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Head, anterior (frontal) view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226135/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
(head), 15–16 (thx), 26 (setifer), 41–42 (app), 58 (map)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B7872CED4841FF8DFF578C4BFB5D10DB" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FF227F664841FF8DFF578C4BFC381199" blockId="3.[151,1436,1125,1208]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DF8D58484841FF8DFF578C4BFC381199" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54841FF8DFF578C4BFDFC115A" ID-CoL="4BKDN" authority="De Marmels, 1987: 233" authorityName="De Marmels" authorityPageNumber="233" authorityYear="1987" box="[151,625,1125,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Oxystigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caerulans">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFF578C4BFEFD115A" box="[151,368,1125,1147]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Oxystigma caerulans</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7E3C59774841FF8DFEB98C4BFDFC115A" author="De" box="[377,625,1125,1147]" page="233" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" year="1987">
<bibRefCitation id="9B0C02974841FF8DFEB98C4BFDB2115A" author="De" box="[377,575,1125,1147]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" refString="De Marmels, J. (1987) On the type specimens of some neotropical Megapodagrionidae, with a description of Heteragrion pemon spec. nov. and Oxystigma caerulans spec. nov. from Venezuela (Zygoptera). Odonatologica, 16 (3), 225 - 238." type="journal article" year="1987">De Marmels, 1987</bibRefCitation>
: 233
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(description &amp; Figs.
<typeStatus id="2026C1C44841FF8DFC948C48FC20115A" box="[852,941,1125,1147]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
♂,
<typeStatus id="2026C1C44841FF8DFC178C4BFBA3115A" box="[983,1070,1126,1147]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
♂, ♀, larva by supposition,);—
<treatmentCitation id="7E3C59774841FF8DFABD8C48FE0211BB" author="De" page="335" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" year="1990">
<bibRefCitation id="9B0C02974841FF8DFABD8C48FED311BB" author="De" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" refString="De Marmels, J. (1990) An updated checklist of the Odonata of Venezuela. Odonatologica, 19 (4), 333 - 345." type="journal article" year="1990">De Marmels 1990</bibRefCitation>
: 335
</treatmentCitation>
(checklist);—
<bibRefCitation id="9B0C02974841FF8DFDE08CA9FD2011BB" author="Bridges" box="[544,685,1156,1178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" refString="Bridges, C. A. (1994) Catalogue of the family-group, genus-group, and species-group names of the Odonata of the world (third edition). Bridges, Urbana, xlvi + 905 pp." type="book" year="1994">Bridges 1994</bibRefCitation>
:
<date id="8B2359A64841FF8DFD788CA9FD7611BB" box="[696,763,1156,1178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" value="1940-07">VII.40</date>
(catalog);—
<treatmentCitation id="7E3C59774841FF8DFCB98CA9FB9411BB" author="Tsuda" box="[889,1049,1156,1178]" page="70" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" year="2000">
<bibRefCitation id="9B0C02974841FF8DFCB98CA9FC7811BB" author="Tsuda" box="[889,1013,1156,1178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" refString="Tsuda, S. (2000) A distributional list of world Odonata 2000. Privately published, Osaka, vi + 430 pp." type="book" year="2000">Tsuda 2000</bibRefCitation>
: 70
</treatmentCitation>
(catalog);
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFB428CA8FB1511BB" box="[1154,1176,1157,1178]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">—</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7E3C59774841FF8DFB598CA9FAE511BB" author="Heckman" box="[1177,1384,1156,1178]" page="298" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="9B0C02974841FF8DFB598CA9FABA11BB" author="Heckman" box="[1177,1335,1156,1178]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" refString="Heckman, C. W. (2008) Encyclopedia of South American Aquatic Insects: Odonata - Zygoptera. Springer, Dordrecht, viii + 687 pp." type="book" year="2008">Heckman 2008</bibRefCitation>
: 298
</treatmentCitation>
(key to species);
<treatmentCitation id="7E3C59774841FF8DFE808C8FFDBD1199" author="Garrison" box="[320,560,1186,1208]" page="99" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="9B0C02974841FF8DFE808C8FFD831199" author="Garrison" box="[320,526,1186,1208]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" refString="Garrison, R. W., von Ellenrieder, N. &amp; Louton, J. A. (2010) Damselfly genera of the New World. An Illustrated and Annotated Key to the Zygoptera. The Johns Hopkins University Press, xiv + 490 pp. + 24 pls." type="book" year="2010">
Garrison
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFE5E8C8EFE461199" box="[414,459,1186,1208]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
: 99
</treatmentCitation>
–100 (list, Figs. ♂ app, genital ligula).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF227F664841FF8DFF578CC8FC851003" blockId="3.[151,1436,1253,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFF578CC8FF6E11DF" bold="true" box="[151,227,1253,1278]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<typeStatus id="2026C1C44841FF8DFF578CC8FF5211DF" box="[151,223,1253,1278]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Types</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="2026C1C44841FF8DFF2A8CC8FEDF11DF" box="[234,338,1253,1278]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
♂:
<collectingCountry id="878A3FF64841FF8DFEBC8CCBFDA811DF" box="[380,549,1254,1278]" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
, Bolivar State, km 125, road EI Dorado-Santa Elena, de Uairén,
<quantity id="3865D2834841FF8DFB348CCBFAC711DC" box="[1268,1354,1254,1278]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="1280.0">1280 m</quantity>
,
<date id="8B2359A64841FF8DFA968CCBFE811003" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" value="1985-05-20" valueMax="1985-05-22" valueMin="1985-05-20">20–22 May 1985</date>
, J. De Marmels leg, in MIZA [not examined]
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF227F664841FF8DFF078D00FB5D10DB" blockId="3.[151,1436,1253,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFF078D00FE4A1067" bold="true" box="[199,455,1325,1350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Specimens examined.</emphasis>
Total:
<specimenCount id="E99BB4EF4841FF8DFDD78D03FDB61067" box="[535,571,1326,1350]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="generic">4♂</specimenCount>
, 1♀.
<collectingCountry id="878A3FF64841FF8DFDBA8D03FCAE1067" box="[634,803,1326,1350]" name="Venezuela" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">VENEZUELA</collectingCountry>
, Bolívar State. km 125, road EI Dorado-Santa Elena, de Uairén (Sierra de Lema) {
<geoCoordinate id="9AA919A14841FF8DFE788D7CFD9B104B" box="[440,534,1361,1386]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" precision="555" value="6.73">N 6.73°</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9AA919A14841FF8DFDE28D7FFD18104B" box="[546,661,1361,1386]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" precision="555" value="-61.64">W 61.64°</geoCoordinate>
},
<quantity id="3865D2834841FF8DFD698D7FFC8A1048" box="[681,775,1362,1386]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.28" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="1280.0">1,280 m</quantity>
,
<date id="8B2359A64841FF8DFCD38D7FFC59104B" box="[787,980,1361,1386]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" value="1985-05-20" valueMax="1985-05-22" valueMin="1985-05-20">20–22 May 1985</date>
, J. De Marmels leg,
<specimenCount id="E99BB4EF4841FF8DFB7B8D7FFB52104B" box="[1211,1247,1362,1386]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
, 1♀ (
<typeStatus id="2026C1C44841FF8DFADE8D7FFA1D104B" box="[1310,1424,1362,1386]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
); stream
<quantity id="3865D2834841FF8DFF288D5BFEAD10AF" box="[232,288,1397,1422]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
N of Salto del Danto, along highway 10;
<date id="8B2359A64841FF8DFD308D58FC9410AF" box="[752,793,1397,1422]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" value="1987-10">87x</date>
057 [T.W. Donnelly year/collection number] {
<geoCoordinate id="9AA919A14841FF8DFAD98D58FAFB10AF" box="[1305,1398,1397,1422]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" precision="555" value="5.99">N 5.99°</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9AA919A14841FF8DFA428D5BFF651093" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" precision="555" value="-61.41">W 61.41°</geoCoordinate>
},
<date id="8B2359A64841FF8DFEC28DB7FE351093" box="[258,440,1434,1458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" value="1987-08-01" valueMax="1987-08-02" valueMin="1987-08-01">1–2 Aug. 1987</date>
, T.W. Donnelly leg.
<specimenCount id="E99BB4EF4841FF8DFD768DB7FD561093" box="[694,731,1434,1458]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="generic">2♂</specimenCount>
; &quot;La Escalera vor Waldende a Luepa'; &quot;locality label a bit questionable:
<typeStatus id="2026C1C44841FF8DFEF48D93FEE910F7" box="[308,356,1470,1494]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">type</typeStatus>
locality probably less than one km before end of forest, heading to Luepa (not 2 or
<quantity id="3865D2834841FF8DFAD98D93FAD810F7" box="[1305,1365,1469,1494]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
, as on label [J. De Marmels,
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFE508DCFFD9C10D8" box="[400,529,1506,1529]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">pers. comm</emphasis>
.]&quot; {
<geoCoordinate id="9AA919A14841FF8DFDFC8DCCFD1610DB" box="[572,667,1505,1530]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" precision="555" value="5.77">N 5.77°</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9AA919A14841FF8DFD668DCFFC9710DB" box="[678,794,1505,1530]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" precision="555" value="-61.46">W 61.46°</geoCoordinate>
},
<quantity id="3865D2834841FF8DFCED8DCFFC0910D8" box="[813,900,1506,1530]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
,
<date id="8B2359A64841FF8DFC508DCFFB9310DB" box="[912,1054,1506,1530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" value="1987-08-02">2 Aug. 1987</date>
,
<specimenCount id="E99BB4EF4841FF8DFBE98DCFFBC110DB" box="[1065,1100,1506,1530]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="generic">1♂</specimenCount>
(all RWG).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B7872CED4841FF8DFF078E28FDA21243" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="FF227F664841FF8DFF078E28FD8513D7" blockId="3.[151,1436,1253,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFF078E28FECC133F" bold="true" box="[199,321,1541,1566]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Male cercus is unique in possessing a supplementary denticulate ridge at basal 0.30 best seen in medio-dorsal view (
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFE508E04FDAB1363" box="[400,550,1577,1602]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 48" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1851,1874]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,198,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1800]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 48. Right male cercus, medio-dorsal (internal) view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226140/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figs. 41–42</figureCitation>
). These denticles (&quot;dorso-internal submedian hook or tubercle&quot; of
<bibRefCitation id="9B0C02974841FF8DFABB8E07FEB71347" author="De" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" refString="De Marmels, J. (1987) On the type specimens of some neotropical Megapodagrionidae, with a description of Heteragrion pemon spec. nov. and Oxystigma caerulans spec. nov. from Venezuela (Zygoptera). Odonatologica, 16 (3), 225 - 238." type="journal article" year="1987">De Marmels,1987</bibRefCitation>
) vary as to number and condition; they are absent in
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54841FF8DFC068E63FBE51347" box="[966,1128,1614,1638]" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Oxystigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanofrons">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFC068E63FBE51347" box="[966,1128,1614,1638]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">O. cyanofrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFBBD8E60FB6D1347" box="[1149,1248,1613,1638]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 48" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1851,1874]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,198,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1800]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 48. Right male cercus, medio-dorsal (internal) view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226140/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figs. 43</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFB318E60FAB51347" box="[1265,1336,1613,1638]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 57" captionStartId="10.[151,263,1971,1994]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,218,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1950]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 57. Right male cercus, dorsal view (A), postero-mesal view (B)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226141/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">49–51</figureCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54841FF8DFA418E63FE8213AB" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Heteragrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatum">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFA418E63FE8213AB" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">O. petiolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFEE18E5CFE2613AB" box="[289,427,1649,1674]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 48" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1851,1874]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,198,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1800]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 48. Right male cercus, medio-dorsal (internal) view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226140/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figs. 44–48</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFE7A8E5CFD8813AB" box="[442,517,1649,1674]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 57" captionStartId="10.[151,263,1971,1994]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,218,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1950]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 57. Right male cercus, dorsal view (A), postero-mesal view (B)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226141/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">52–57</figureCitation>
). A transverse ridge bisects the medial margin of the medial lobe (absent in
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54841FF8DFA418E5FFE9E138F" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Oxystigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanofrons">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFA418E5FFE9E138F" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">O. cyanofrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFEE18EB8FEF0138F" box="[289,381,1685,1710]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 48" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1851,1874]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,198,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1800]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 48. Right male cercus, medio-dorsal (internal) view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226140/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figs. 43</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFE4A8EB8FE5D138F" box="[394,464,1685,1710]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 57" captionStartId="10.[151,263,1971,1994]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,218,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1950]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 57. Right male cercus, dorsal view (A), postero-mesal view (B)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226141/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">49–51</figureCitation>
and
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54841FF8DFDC78EBBFD2F138F" box="[519,674,1685,1710]" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Heteragrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatum">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFDC78EBBFD2F138F" box="[519,674,1685,1710]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">O. petiolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFD698EB8FCBD138F" box="[681,816,1685,1710]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 48" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1851,1874]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,198,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1800]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 48. Right male cercus, medio-dorsal (internal) view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226140/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figs. 44–48</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFCFC8EB8FC09138F" box="[828,900,1685,1710]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 57" captionStartId="10.[151,263,1971,1994]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,218,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1950]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 57. Right male cercus, dorsal view (A), postero-mesal view (B)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226141/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">52–57</figureCitation>
) and the distal portion of the cercus beyond the posterior margin of the medial lobe is relatively short compared to that of
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54841FF8DFC1F8E97FBF213F3" box="[991,1151,1722,1746]" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Oxystigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanofrons">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFC1F8E97FBF213F3" box="[991,1151,1722,1746]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">O. cyanofrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFB4E8E94FB6113F3" box="[1166,1260,1721,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 48" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1851,1874]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,198,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1800]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 48. Right male cercus, medio-dorsal (internal) view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226140/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figs. 43</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFB398E94FACC13F3" box="[1273,1345,1721,1746]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 57" captionStartId="10.[151,263,1971,1994]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,218,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1950]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 57. Right male cercus, dorsal view (A), postero-mesal view (B)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226141/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">49–51</figureCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54841FF8DFA418E97FE8213D7" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Heteragrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatum">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFA418E97FE8213D7" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">O. petiolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFEDE8EF0FE2B13D7" box="[286,422,1757,1782]" captionStart="FIGURES 41 – 48" captionStartId="9.[151,263,1851,1874]" captionTargetBox="[161,1435,198,1789]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,193,1800]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 41 – 48. Right male cercus, medio-dorsal (internal) view" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226140/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figs. 44–48</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFE718EF0FE7113D7" box="[433,508,1757,1782]" captionStart="FIGURES 49 – 57" captionStartId="10.[151,263,1971,1994]" captionTargetBox="[165,1423,218,1908]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,193,1950]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 49 – 57. Right male cercus, dorsal view (A), postero-mesal view (B)" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226141/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">52–57</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF227F664841FF8DFF078F2CFDA21243" blockId="3.[151,1436,1253,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
Female is unique by the club-like setifer (
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFD5F8F2CFD7C123B" box="[671,753,1793,1818]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 34" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1799,1822]" captionTargetBox="[166,1409,214,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1778]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 34. Female intersternite and setifer (mesopresternum), left lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226138/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
) ending more or less at the level of the anteriormost portion of the intersternite; the setifer is longer and surpasses the margin of the intersternite in
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54841FF8DFBA18F0BFB73121F" box="[1121,1278,1830,1854]" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Oxystigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanofrons">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFBA18F0BFB73121F" box="[1121,1278,1830,1854]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">O. cyanofrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFACD8F08FA19121F" box="[1293,1428,1829,1854]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 34" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1799,1822]" captionTargetBox="[166,1409,214,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1778]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 34. Female intersternite and setifer (mesopresternum), left lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226138/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figs. 27–30</figureCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54841FF8DFF068F67FED21243" box="[198,351,1865,1890]" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Heteragrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatum">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFF068F67FED21243" box="[198,351,1865,1890]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">O. petiolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFEAF8F64FDAF1243" box="[367,546,1865,1890]" captionStart="FIGURES 25 – 34" captionStartId="7.[151,263,1799,1822]" captionTargetBox="[166,1409,214,1753]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1778]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 25 – 34. Female intersternite and setifer (mesopresternum), left lateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226138/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figs. 25, 31–34</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B7872CED4841FF8DFF078F40FB3312EC" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="FF227F664841FF8DFF078F40FB3312EC" blockId="3.[151,1436,1253,1998]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFF078F40FEB612A7" bold="true" box="[199,315,1901,1926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Remarks.</emphasis>
The morphological characters given here supplement the diagnosis by
<bibRefCitation id="9B0C02974841FF8DFBB18F43FADF12A7" box="[1137,1362,1901,1926]" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" refString="De Marmels, J. (1987) On the type specimens of some neotropical Megapodagrionidae, with a description of Heteragrion pemon spec. nov. and Oxystigma caerulans spec. nov. from Venezuela (Zygoptera). Odonatologica, 16 (3), 225 - 238." type="journal article">De Marmels (1987)</bibRefCitation>
in his original description. Variation noted in the thoracic pattern mentioned in the original description is illustrated here for the synthorax (
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFEA58F98FE6312EF" box="[357,494,1973,1998]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 16" captionStartId="5.[151,263,1883,1906]" captionTargetBox="[189,1405,235,1756]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1862]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 16. Head, anterior (frontal) view (continued); 15 – 16. thorax dorsolateral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226136/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Figs. 15–16</figureCitation>
). The head (
<figureCitation id="67A663E34841FF8DFDB98F98FD3412EF" box="[633,697,1973,1998]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 8" captionStartId="4.[151,263,1908,1931]" captionTargetBox="[169,1417,243,1763]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,195,1854]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 8. Head, anterior (frontal) view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226135/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) is dark and is similar to many
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54841FF8DFBDD8F9BFB3A12EF" box="[1053,1207,1973,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Heteragrion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="3" pageNumber="350" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petiolatum">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744841FF8DFBDD8F9BFB3A12EF" box="[1053,1207,1973,1998]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="350">O. petiolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="ABE22FEE4846FF8AFF578F59FDE512AA" box="[151,616,1908,1931]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226135/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="351" targetBox="[169,1417,243,1763]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="FF227F664846FF8AFF578F59FDE512AA" blockId="4.[151,616,1908,1931]" box="[151,616,1908,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744846FF8AFF578F59FEB712AB" bold="true" box="[151,314,1908,1931]" pageId="4" pageNumber="351">FIGURES 1–8.</emphasis>
Head, anterior (frontal) view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ABE22FEE4847FF8BFF578F76FBB21253" box="[151,1087,1883,1906]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226136/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="352" targetBox="[189,1405,235,1756]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="FF227F664847FF8BFF578F76FBB21253" blockId="5.[151,1087,1883,1906]" box="[151,1087,1883,1906]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744847FF8BFF578F76FECB1250" bold="true" box="[151,326,1883,1906]" pageId="5" pageNumber="352">FIGURES 9–16.</emphasis>
Head, anterior (frontal) view (continued); 15–16. thorax dorsolateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ABE22FEE4844FF88FF578F7DFDE81246" box="[151,613,1872,1895]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226137/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="353" targetBox="[172,1396,248,1789]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="FF227F664844FF88FF578F7DFDE81246" blockId="6.[151,613,1872,1895]" box="[151,613,1872,1895]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744844FF88FF578F7DFEDE1247" bold="true" box="[151,339,1872,1895]" pageId="6" pageNumber="353">FIGURES 17–24.</emphasis>
Thorax latero-dorsal view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ABE22FEE4845FF89FF578F2AFB8E123C" box="[151,1027,1799,1822]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226138/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="354" targetBox="[166,1409,214,1753]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="FF227F664845FF89FF578F2AFB8E123C" blockId="7.[151,1027,1799,1822]" box="[151,1027,1799,1822]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744845FF89FF578F2AFEDE123D" bold="true" box="[151,339,1799,1822]" pageId="7" pageNumber="354">FIGURES 25–34.</emphasis>
Female intersternite and setifer (mesopresternum), left lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ABE22FEE484AFF86FF578F13FDE61274" box="[151,619,1854,1877]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226139/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="355" targetBox="[213,1386,219,1730]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="FF227F66484AFF86FF578F13FDE61274" blockId="8.[151,619,1854,1877]" box="[151,619,1854,1877]" pageId="8" pageNumber="355">
<emphasis id="CDE9A374484AFF86FF578F13FEDE1275" bold="true" box="[151,339,1854,1877]" pageId="8" pageNumber="355">FIGURES 35–40.</emphasis>
Wing base of FW and HW.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ABE22FEE484BFF87FF578F16FCB31270" box="[151,830,1851,1874]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226140/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="356" targetBox="[161,1435,198,1789]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="FF227F66484BFF87FF578F16FCB31270" blockId="9.[151,830,1851,1874]" box="[151,830,1851,1874]" pageId="9" pageNumber="356">
<emphasis id="CDE9A374484BFF87FF578F16FEDE1271" bold="true" box="[151,339,1851,1874]" pageId="9" pageNumber="356">FIGURES 41–48.</emphasis>
Right male cercus, medio-dorsal (internal) view
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ABE22FEE4848FF84FF578F9EFC3812EB" box="[151,949,1971,1994]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226141/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="357" targetBox="[165,1423,218,1908]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="FF227F664848FF84FF578F9EFC3812EB" blockId="10.[151,949,1971,1994]" box="[151,949,1971,1994]" pageId="10" pageNumber="357">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744848FF84FF578F9EFEDE12E8" bold="true" box="[151,339,1971,1994]" pageId="10" pageNumber="357">FIGURES 49–57.</emphasis>
Right male cercus, dorsal view (A), postero-mesal view (B)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="ABE22FEE4849FF85FF578C08FDBE111A" box="[151,563,1061,1083]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/226142/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="358" targetBox="[165,1421,210,1029]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph id="FF227F664849FF85FF578C08FDBE111A" blockId="11.[151,563,1061,1083]" box="[151,563,1061,1083]" pageId="11" pageNumber="358">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744849FF85FF578C08FE92111B" bold="true" box="[151,287,1061,1083]" pageId="11" pageNumber="358">FIGURE 58.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54849FF85FE018C0BFDA0111A" box="[449,557,1062,1083]" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Oxystigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744849FF85FE018C0BFDA0111A" box="[449,557,1062,1083]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="358">Oxystigma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="B7872CED4849FF85FF078C45FB8B11E9" pageId="11" pageNumber="358" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FF227F664849FF85FF078C45FB8B11E9" blockId="11.[151,1436,1128,1225]" pageId="11" pageNumber="358">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744849FF85FF078C45FEED11A0" bold="true" box="[199,352,1128,1153]" pageId="11" pageNumber="358">Distribution.</emphasis>
This species is thus far known from southern Bolívar State,
<collectingCountry id="878A3FF64849FF85FBC88C45FBF311A0" box="[1032,1150,1128,1153]" name="Venezuela" pageId="11" pageNumber="358">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, though it will likely turn up in neighboring
<collectingCountry id="878A3FF64849FF85FEA48CA1FE211184" box="[356,428,1164,1189]" name="Brazil" pageId="11" pageNumber="358">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="9B0C02974849FF85FE768CA0FD1F1185" box="[438,658,1164,1189]" pageId="11" pageNumber="358" refString="De Marmels, J. (1987) On the type specimens of some neotropical Megapodagrionidae, with a description of Heteragrion pemon spec. nov. and Oxystigma caerulans spec. nov. from Venezuela (Zygoptera). Odonatologica, 16 (3), 225 - 238." type="journal article">De Marmels (1987)</bibRefCitation>
mentions that &quot;… adults of
<taxonomicName id="389D04E54849FF85FC0C8CA0FBD11184" box="[972,1116,1164,1189]" class="Insecta" family="Megapodagrionidae" genus="Oxystigma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Odonata" pageId="11" pageNumber="358" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caerulans" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CDE9A3744849FF85FC0C8CA0FBD11184" box="[972,1116,1164,1189]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="358">O. caerulans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D6DA1E0F4849FF85FBA38CA0FB131185" box="[1123,1182,1165,1188]" pageId="11" pageNumber="358" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
were common along a black (&quot;red&quot;) water creek in the forest. It was the only megapodagrionid seen.&quot;
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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