471 lines
67 KiB
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471 lines
67 KiB
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<mods:title id="CBC70800E1FB09678576433E1625C9CD">Revision of the genus Benthogenia Fisher, 1911 (Asteroidea, Echinodermata), with description of a new species and ossicle anatomy</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="E8DEAA3CCF72AEDBD58DCEA0DCFA351F">Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, 10 th Street and Constitution Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20560 (United States of America) faum @ si. edu (corresponding author)</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="388C94D2642DFF961016FC71A688FC46" ID-CoL="LHVD" authority="Fisher, 1911" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1911" box="[262,645,980,1007]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cribellosa">
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<emphasis id="CDF83343642DFF961016FC71A5F4FC46" bold="true" box="[262,505,980,1007]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Benthogenia cribellosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A0642DFF9610EFFC71A688FC46" author="FISHER W. K." box="[511,645,980,1007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" pagination="415 - 427" refId="ref9676" refString="FISHER W. K. 1911. - New genera of starfishes from the Philippine Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 40: 415 - 427. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.40 - 1827.415" type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher, 1911</bibRefCitation>
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(
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<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF9611F7FC51A524FBA6" box="[231,297,1012,1039]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1985,2003]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-75@7.[698,1267,767,1322]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 1. — Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 in abactinal (A, C, E) and actinal view (B, D, F): A, B, holotype USNM 28655;C, D, MNHN-IE-2007-1828; E, F, MNHN- IE-2019-3848. Scale bars: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196446" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196446/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF961027FC50A576FBA6" box="[311,379,1013,1039]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1387,1405]" captionTargetBox="[131,1457,213,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-352@8.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 2. — Cribriform organs on the marginals of the disc: A, B, Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848; C, D, Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations: im, inferomarginals; sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: A, C, 1 cm; B, D, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196448/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">2A, C</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF961096FC50A5E5FBA6" box="[390,488,1013,1039]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,1962,1980]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-94@9.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 3. — Marginals and arms in abactinal view of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D, F): A, holotype USNM 28655; B, holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, E, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, F, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations:im, inferomarginals;pax, paxillae;sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196450/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">3A, C, E</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF9610E3FC50A658FBA6" box="[499,597,1013,1039]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196452/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">4A, C, E</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF961371FC51A6AFFBA6" box="[609,674,1012,1039]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[133,143,1377,1395]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-358@11.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 5. — Oral frame of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D): A, holotype of Benthogenia cribellosa USNM 28655; B, holotype and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196454" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196454/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">5A, C</figureCitation>
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)
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<treatmentCitation id="7E2DC940642DFF961194FB88A62AFBEC" author="FISHER W. K." box="[132,551,1069,1094]" page="417" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" year="1911">
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<emphasis id="CDF83343642DFF961194FB88A543FBEC" box="[132,334,1069,1093]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Benthogenia cribellosa</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A0642DFF961043FB88A62AFBEC" author="FISHER W. K." box="[339,551,1069,1094]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" pagination="415 - 427" refId="ref9676" refString="FISHER W. K. 1911. - New genera of starfishes from the Philippine Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 40: 415 - 427. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.40 - 1827.415" type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher, 1911: 415-417</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="7E2DC940642DFF961320FB8BA6BBFBEF" author="FISHER W. K." box="[560,694,1070,1094]" page="39" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" year="1919">
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<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A0642DFF961320FB8BA6BBFBEF" author="FISHER W. K." box="[560,694,1070,1094]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" pagination="1 - 545" refId="ref9775" refString="FISHER W. K. 1919. - Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent regions. Star fishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 100: 1 - 545." type="journal article" year="1919">1919: 39-443</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, pl.1 fig. 1, 2 fig. 1, 8 fig. 2. —
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<treatmentCitation id="7E2DC940642DFF961070FBEDA63DFBC9" author="MADSEN F. J." box="[352,560,1096,1120]" page="81" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" year="1961">
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<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A0642DFF961070FBEDA63DFBC9" author="MADSEN F. J." box="[352,560,1096,1120]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" pagination="33 - 174" refId="ref10224" refString="MADSEN F. J. 1961. - The Porcellanasteridae: a monographic revision of an abyssal group of sea-stars. Galathea Report 4: 33 - 174." type="book chapter" year="1961">Madsen 1961: 81-82</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="7E2DC940642DFF96134AFBEDA4ECFBD3" author="CLARK A. M. & DOWNEY M. E." page="92" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" year="1992">
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<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A0642DFF96134AFBEDA4ECFBD3" author="CLARK A. M. & DOWNEY M. E." pageId="6" pageNumber="273" refId="ref9474" refString="CLARK A. M. & DOWNEY M. E. 1992. - Starfishes of the Atlantic. Chapman & Hall, London, 794 p." type="book" year="1992">Clark & Downey 1992: 92</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="7E2DC940642DFF96101EFBC7A5D6FBD3" author="GALE A. S." box="[270,475,1122,1146]" page="393" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" year="2005">
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<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A0642DFF96101EFBC7A5D6FBD3" author="GALE A. S." box="[270,475,1122,1146]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" pagination="383 - 397" refId="ref9870" refString="GALE A. S. 2005. - Chrispaulia, a new genus of mud star (Asteroidea, Goniopectinidae) from the Cretaceous of England. Geological Journal 40 (3): 383 - 397. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / gj. 1019" type="journal article" year="2005">Gale 2005: 393-395</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="7E2DC940642DFF961318FBC7A4A0FB3C" author="BLAKE D. B. & MAH C. L." page="182" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" year="2014">
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<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A0642DFF961318FBC7A4A0FB3C" author="BLAKE D. B. & MAH C. L." pageId="6" pageNumber="273" pagination="177 - 194" refId="ref9278" refString="BLAKE D. B. & MAH C. L. 2014. - Comments on " The phylogeny of post-Palaeozoic Asteroidea (Neoasteroidea, Echinodermata) " by AS Gale and perspectives on the systematics of the Asteroidea. Zootaxa 3779 (2): 177 - 194. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3779.2.4" type="journal article" year="2014">Blake & Mah 2014: 182- 188</bibRefCitation>
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. —
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<treatmentCitation id="7E2DC940642DFF9611C7FBD8A5F3FB3C" author="MIRONOV A. N. & DILMAN A. B. & VLADYCHENSKAYA I. P. & PETROV N. B." box="[215,510,1149,1173]" page="503" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" year="2016">
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<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A0642DFF9611C7FBD8A5F3FB3C" author="MIRONOV A. N. & DILMAN A. B. & VLADYCHENSKAYA I. P. & PETROV N. B." box="[215,510,1149,1173]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" pagination="503 - 516" refId="ref10355" refString="MIRONOV A. N., DILMAN A. B., VLADYCHENSKAYA I. P. & PETROV N. B. 2016. - Adaptive strategy of the Porcellanasterid sea stars. Biology Bulletin 43 (6): 503 - 516. https: // doi. org / 10.1134 / s 106235901606011 x" type="journal article" year="2016">
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Mironov
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<emphasis id="CDF83343642DFF961023FBDBA56FFB3C" box="[307,354,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">et al.</emphasis>
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2016: 503-516
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.
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, Mindanao Island,
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Bay, Tabu Point,
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.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF51642DFF961194FB52A4C4FAF7" blockId="6.[130,776,1270,1374]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C642DFF961194FB52A4C4FAF7" collectingDate="1909-08-07" collectionCode="TYPE, MATERIAL" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao Island" elevation="924" latitude="8.279166" location="Tabu Point" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="124.04667" municipality="Bay" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="USNM 28655" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iligan" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D642DFF961194FB52A4BEFAA5" baselines="1288,1288" box="[132,179,1271,1294]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D642DFF9611A7FB59A502FAA4" baselines="1289" box="[183,271,1276,1293]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. —
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642DFF961026FB52A698FAB9" bold="true" box="[310,661,1271,1296]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<typeStatus id="203751F3642DFF961026FB52A59FFAA6" box="[310,402,1271,1295]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC1642DFF961089FB5DA698FAB9" box="[409,661,1271,1296]" name="Philippines" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Republic of the Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
•
|
||
<collectingCounty id="165297DD642DFF9613B6FB53A4B0FA80" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Mindanao Island</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3D4821B3642DFF9611D5FAB4A4F6FA80" box="[197,251,1297,1321]" country="Philippines" name="Iligan" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Iligan</collectingRegion>
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="1F57752B642DFF9611EEFAB4A52FFA80" box="[254,290,1297,1321]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="FA53B98A642DFF961038FAB4A59FFA80" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E47642DFF981016FC71A020F845:FA53B98A642DFF961038FAB4A59FFA80" box="[296,402,1297,1321]" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao Island" latitude="8.279166" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="124.04667" municipality="Bay" name="Tabu Point" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="Iligan">Tabu Point</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="FA53B98A642DFF961089FAB4A602FA80" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E47642DFF981016FC71A020F845:FA53B98A642DFF961089FAB4A602FA80" box="[409,527,1297,1321]" country="Philippines" county="Mindanao Island" latitude="8.279166" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="124.04667" municipality="Bay" name="station 5513" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="Iligan">station 5513</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9AB88996642DFF961307FAB4A68DFA80" box="[535,640,1297,1321]" degrees="8" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" precision="15" seconds="45" value="8.279166">8°16’45”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9AB88996642DFF961394FAB4A70CFA80" box="[644,769,1297,1321]" degrees="124" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" precision="15" seconds="48" value="124.04667">124°02’48’’E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<quantity id="387442B4642DFF9611D1FA89A50CFAEA" box="[193,257,1324,1348]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.24" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="924.0">
|
||
<elevation id="74A10862642DFF9611D1FA89A50CFAEA" box="[193,257,1324,1348]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.24" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="924.0">924 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="8B32C991642DFF961019FA89A58DFAED" box="[265,384,1324,1348]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" value="1909-08-07">
|
||
<collectingDate id="9B763079642DFF961019FA89A58DFAED" box="[265,384,1324,1348]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" value="1909-08-07">7.VIII.1909</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; United States Fish Commission;
|
||
<specimenCode id="AF2A472A642DFF9613AEFA89A4CBFAF7" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="Museum">USNM 28655</specimenCode>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF51642DFF961194FAD2A654F918" blockId="6.[131,777,1399,1714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
MATERIAL EXAMINED.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C642DFF961077FAD2A591FA77" collectingDate="1909-03-31" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="United States Fish Commission" country="Philippines" elevation="905" latitude="9.629194" location="station 5425" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.183" municipality="South East" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="USNM 40412" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South East of Cagayan Island">
|
||
—
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642DFF961099FADDA6B4FA26" bold="true" box="[393,697,1399,1424]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Republic of the Philippines •</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="E98A24D8642DFF9613D1FAD2A6C3FA26" box="[705,718,1399,1423]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
|
||
individual;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3D4821B3642DFF9611DDFA34A5FDFA00" box="[205,496,1425,1450]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
South East of Cagayan
|
||
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC1642DFF9610A2FA34A5FDFA00" box="[434,496,1425,1449]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="FA53B98A642DFF9610EAFA34A675FA00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E47642DFF981016FC71A020F845:FA53B98A642DFF9610EAFA34A675FA00" box="[506,632,1425,1449]" country="Philippines" latitude="9.629194" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.183" municipality="South East" name="station 5425" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="South East of Cagayan Island">station 5425</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9AB88996642DFF961392FA34A70EFA00" box="[642,771,1425,1449]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" precision="1" seconds="45.1" value="9.629194">9°37’45.1”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9AB88996642DFF961194FA09A511FA6D" box="[132,284,1452,1476]" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" precision="1" seconds="58.8" value="121.183">121°10’58.8”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<quantity id="387442B4642DFF96107FFA09A5BBFA6A" box="[367,438,1452,1476]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.05" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="905.0">
|
||
<elevation id="74A10862642DFF96107FFA09A5BBFA6A" box="[367,438,1452,1476]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.05" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="905.0">905 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="8B32C991642DFF9610D3FA09A631FA6D" box="[451,572,1452,1476]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" value="1909-03-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="9B763079642DFF9610D3FA09A631FA6D" box="[451,572,1452,1476]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" value="1909-03-31">31.III.1909</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="52798A87642DFF96135AFA09A50BFA77" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC1642DFF96135AFA09A6DEFA6D" box="[586,723,1452,1476]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
Fish Commission
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="AF2A472A642DFF96101EFA63A591FA77" box="[270,412,1478,1502]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="Museum">
|
||
<collectionCode id="999D7794642DFF96101EFA63A555FA77" box="[270,344,1478,1502]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
40412
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C642DFF9610A0FA63A6F9F9BA" collectingDate="1909-03-31" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="United States Fish Commission" country="Philippines" elevation="905" latitude="9.629194" location="station 5425" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.183" municipality="South East" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="USNM 40417" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="South East of Cagayan Island">
|
||
<specimenCount id="E98A24D8642DFF9610A0FA63A5B0FA77" box="[432,445,1478,1502]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
|
||
individual;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3D4821B3642DFF96133FFA63A4CFFA50" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
South East of Cagayan
|
||
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC1642DFF961194FA44A4CFFA50" box="[132,194,1505,1529]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="FA53B98A642DFF9611DCFA44A547FA50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E47642DFF981016FC71A020F845:FA53B98A642DFF9611DCFA44A547FA50" box="[204,330,1505,1529]" country="Philippines" latitude="9.629194" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="121.183" municipality="South East" name="station 5425" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="South East of Cagayan Island">station 5425</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9AB88996642DFF961045FA44A5DBFA50" box="[341,470,1505,1529]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" precision="1" seconds="45.1" value="9.629194">9°37’45.1”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9AB88996642DFF9610F1FA44A67EFA50" box="[481,627,1505,1529]" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" precision="1" seconds="58.8" value="121.183">121°10’58.8”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<quantity id="387442B4642DFF9613D0FA44A70FFA51" box="[704,770,1505,1529]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.05" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="905.0">
|
||
<elevation id="74A10862642DFF9613D0FA44A70FFA51" box="[704,770,1505,1529]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.05" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="905.0">905 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="8B32C991642DFF961195FA5EA4F3F9BA" box="[133,254,1531,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" value="1909-03-31">
|
||
<collectingDate id="9B763079642DFF961195FA5EA4F3F9BA" box="[133,254,1531,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" value="1909-03-31">31.III.1909</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="52798A87642DFF96101BFA5EA65EF9BA" box="[267,595,1531,1555]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC1642DFF96101BFA5EA599F9BA" box="[267,404,1531,1555]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
Fish Commission
|
||
</collectorName>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="AF2A472A642DFF96134FFA5EA6F9F9BA" box="[607,756,1531,1555]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="Museum">
|
||
<collectionCode id="999D7794642DFF96134FFA5EA6A6F9BA" box="[607,683,1531,1555]" collectionName="USA, Washington D.C., National Museum of Natural History, [formerly, United States National Museum]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
40417
|
||
</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C642DFF961196F9B3A676F9CA" collectingDate="1985-06-02" collectionCode="VI" collectorName="Bouchet & Triclot" country="Philippines" elevation="113" latitude="14.0199995" location="station CP" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.28001" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="MNHN-IE-2019-3848" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="West of Luzon Island">
|
||
<specimenCount id="E98A24D8642DFF961196F9B3A49EF987" box="[134,147,1558,1582]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
|
||
individual;
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3D4821B3642DFF961016F9B3A5DBF987" box="[262,470,1558,1582]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
West of Luzon
|
||
<collectingCountry id="879BAFC1642DFF961088F9B3A5DBF987" box="[408,470,1558,1582]" name="Iceland" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
</collectingRegion>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="FA53B98A642DFF9610CFF9B3A645F987" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E47642DFF981016FC71A020F845:FA53B98A642DFF9610CFF9B3A645F987" box="[479,584,1558,1582]" country="Philippines" latitude="14.0199995" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.28001" name="station CP" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="West of Luzon Island">station CP</location>
|
||
107;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9AB88996642DFF961368F9B3A709F987" box="[632,772,1558,1582]" degrees="14" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" precision="1" seconds="12.0" value="14.0199995">14°01’12.0”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9AB88996642DFF961194F995A51BF9E1" box="[132,278,1584,1608]" degrees="120" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" precision="1" seconds="48.0" value="120.28001">120°16’48.0”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<quantity id="387442B4642DFF961073F995A5D8F9E1" box="[355,469,1584,1608]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="1.1099999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="113.0" valueMax="115.0" valueMin="111.0">
|
||
<elevation id="74A10862642DFF961073F995A5D8F9E1" box="[355,469,1584,1608]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.13" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="1.1099999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="113.0" valueMax="115.0" valueMin="111.0">111-115 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="8B32C991642DFF9610F0F995A64AF9E1" box="[480,583,1584,1608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" value="1985-06-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="9B763079642DFF9610F0F995A64AF9E1" box="[480,583,1584,1608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" value="1985-06-02">2.VI.1985</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
;
|
||
<collectorName id="52798A87642DFF961343F995A6A8F9E1" box="[595,677,1584,1608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Bouchet</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="52798A87642DFF9613D6F995A70AF9E1" box="[710,775,1584,1608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Triclot</collectorName>
|
||
leg.; MUSORSTOM 3, dry;
|
||
<specimenCode id="AF2A472A642DFF961087F9EEA676F9CA" box="[407,635,1611,1635]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">MNHN-IE-2019-3848</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
•
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4FE4E50C642DFF96139EF9EEA659F91B" collectingDate="2005-05-30" collectionCode="V" collectorName="PANGLAO 2005 Deep Sea Cruise" country="Philippines" elevation="785" latitude="9.28" location="station CP 2389" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="123.380005" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" specimenCode="MNHN-IE-2007-1828" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bohol Sea">
|
||
<specimenCount id="E98A24D8642DFF96139EF9EEA696F9CA" box="[654,667,1611,1635]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="generic">1</specimenCount>
|
||
individual,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="3D4821B3642DFF961193F9C0A4E4F9D4" box="[131,233,1637,1661]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Bohol Sea</collectingRegion>
|
||
;
|
||
<location id="FA53B98A642DFF9611E4F9C0A599F9D4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77255E47642DFF981016FC71A020F845:FA53B98A642DFF9611E4F9C0A599F9D4" box="[244,404,1637,1661]" country="Philippines" latitude="9.28" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="123.380005" name="station CP 2389" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" stateProvince="Bohol Sea">station CP2389</location>
|
||
;
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9AB88996642DFF96108FF9C0A612F9D4" box="[415,543,1637,1661]" degrees="9" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" precision="1" seconds="48.0" value="9.28">9°16’48.0”N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9AB88996642DFF96133BF9C0A6B3F9D4" box="[555,702,1637,1661]" degrees="123" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" precision="1" seconds="48.0" value="123.380005">123°22’48.0”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
; depth
|
||
<quantity id="387442B4642DFF961196F9DAA4FAF93E" box="[134,247,1663,1687]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.85" metricValueMax="7.859999999999999" metricValueMin="7.84" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="785.0" valueMax="786.0" valueMin="784.0">
|
||
<elevation id="74A10862642DFF961196F9DAA4FAF93E" box="[134,247,1663,1687]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.85" metricValueMax="7.859999999999999" metricValueMin="7.84" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="785.0" valueMax="786.0" valueMin="784.0">784-786 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
;
|
||
<date id="8B32C991642DFF961013F9DAA560F93E" box="[259,365,1663,1687]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" value="2005-05-30">
|
||
<collectingDate id="9B763079642DFF961013F9DAA560F93E" box="[259,365,1663,1687]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" value="2005-05-30">30.V.2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
; coll.
|
||
<collectorName id="52798A87642DFF9610B8F925A709F931" box="[424,772,1663,1688]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">PANGLAO 2005 Deep Sea Cruise</collectorName>
|
||
, GenBank:
|
||
<accessionNumber id="E0DF72B2642DFF9611FEF93FA552F91B" box="[238,351,1690,1714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">OR802153</accessionNumber>
|
||
;
|
||
<specimenCode id="AF2A472A642DFF96107BF93FA659F91B" box="[363,596,1690,1714]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">MNHN-IE-2007-1828</specimenCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B796BCDA642DFF961194F96FA03DFE97" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF51642DFF961194F96FA03DFE97" blockId="6.[131,776,1738,2026]" lastBlockId="6.[811,1456,215,318]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D642DFF961194F96FA4FDF949" baselines="1755,1756" box="[132,240,1738,1761]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Diagnosis" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">DIAGNOSIS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. — Emended from
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A0642DFF9610AEF96FA648F94B" author="FISHER W. K." box="[446,581,1738,1762]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" pagination="415 - 427" refId="ref9676" refString="FISHER W. K. 1911. - New genera of starfishes from the Philippine Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 40: 415 - 427. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.40 - 1827.415" type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Sea star with pentagonal disc, arms tapering significantly, cribriform organs well developed, present between all the marginals as well as the dorsal part of the superomarginals, from the disc to the tip of the arms. Cribriform organs covering entirely the six most proximal superomarginals of each interbrachium (arm tip to arm tip). From half way of the arm to the tip, superomarginals abutted dorsally along midline. Superomarginals 30 to 34 per interbrachium in large individuals, inferomarginals 32 to 34 per interbrachium. Adambulacral ossicles with five to eight furrow spines, most often seven or eight, and numerous subambulacral smaller spines or spinelets (usually 10 to 15). Oral ossicles large, with nine to 12 furrow spines, the most proximal spine, enlarged (two or three times the width of other oral furrow spines), pointed toward the mouth. Abactinal paxillae large, bearing up to 35 spinelets.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B796BCDA642DFF98123DFED2A614F8A5" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="275" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF51642DFF96123DFED2A7B0FE26" blockId="6.[810,1457,375,2028]" box="[813,957,375,401]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D642DFF96123DFED2A7B0FE26" baselines="394,394" box="[813,957,375,401]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF51642DFF96123DFE33A7EDFDB8" blockId="6.[810,1457,375,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
Description based on the specimens MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF961224FE13A7ABFE78" box="[820,934,438,465]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1985,2003]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-75@7.[698,1267,767,1322]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 1. — Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 in abactinal (A, C, E) and actinal view (B, D, F): A, B, holotype USNM 28655;C, D, MNHN-IE-2007-1828; E, F, MNHN- IE-2019-3848. Scale bars: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196446" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196446/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Fig. 1E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
), MNHN-IE-2007-1828 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF9615DCFE13A14AFE78" box="[1228,1351,438,465]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1985,2003]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-75@7.[698,1267,767,1322]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 1. — Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 in abactinal (A, C, E) and actinal view (B, D, F): A, B, holotype USNM 28655;C, D, MNHN-IE-2007-1828; E, F, MNHN- IE-2019-3848. Scale bars: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196446" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196446/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Fig. 1C, D</figureCitation>
|
||
), and the original description of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="203751F3642DFF96152AFE73A09BFE59" box="[1082,1174,470,496]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
USNM 28655 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF96142FFE73A1A5FE59" box="[1343,1448,470,496]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="7.[132,143,1985,2003]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1874]" captionTargetId="figure-75@7.[698,1267,767,1322]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIG. 1. — Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 in abactinal (A, C, E) and actinal view (B, D, F): A, B, holotype USNM 28655;C, D, MNHN-IE-2007-1828; E, F, MNHN- IE-2019-3848. Scale bars: 5 cm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196446" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196446/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Fig.1A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
) in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A0642DFF961257FE53A7D4FDB9" author="FISHER W. K." box="[839,985,502,528]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" pagination="415 - 427" refId="ref9676" refString="FISHER W. K. 1911. - New genera of starfishes from the Philippine Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 40: 415 - 427. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.40 - 1827.415" type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher (1911)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF51642DFF961253FDB3A133FCD9" blockId="6.[810,1457,375,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Body pentagonal (R/r between 1.9 and 2.6), arms tapering. Superomarginals form distinct border when viewed abactinally, interbrachium (from arm tip to arm tip) composed of 30 superomarginals and 34 inferomarginals (34 superomarginals in MNHN-IE-2007-1828), the 10 proximalmost superomarginals forming the disc, the remainder abutting abactinally on the arms. Abutted superomarginals variably aligned regularly or offset in a same individual depending on the arm. Superomarginal plates decreasing in size along the arms, with the largest plates being the one proximal to the superomarginals abutted dorsally along the arms.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF51642DFF961253FCD0A08AFB87" blockId="6.[810,1457,375,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Paxillae densely packed on the abactinal surface, the largest paxillae on the distal part of the disc directly above the ambulacral groove with 28 or 30 spinelets par paxillae, in some up to 35. Smaller paxillae at the center of the disc with 15 to 25 spinelets each and smallest paxillae next to the marginal edges with four to five spinelets.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF51642DFF961253FB91A7B4FAE4" blockId="6.[810,1457,375,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
Madreporite close to the edge of the disc,
|
||
<quantity id="387442B4642DFF961420FB91A1A3FBE6" box="[1328,1454,1076,1103]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1 to 2 mm</quantity>
|
||
away from closest superomarginals, largest diameter
|
||
<quantity id="387442B4642DFF96147FFBF1A1BCFBC6" box="[1391,1457,1108,1135]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in MNHN-IE-2019-3848 and
|
||
<quantity id="387442B4642DFF9615A0FBD1A11FFB26" box="[1200,1298,1140,1167]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="mm" value="6.5">6.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in MNHN-IE-2007-1828. Terminal ossicles oval, relatively large (
|
||
<quantity id="387442B4642DFF96147FFB31A1BDFB07" box="[1391,1456,1172,1198]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
in MNHN-IE-2019-3848;
|
||
<quantity id="387442B4642DFF96155BFB11A084FB67" box="[1099,1161,1204,1231]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="273" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
|
||
in MNHN-IE-2007-1828), overlapping the two distalmost superomarginals on each side of the arms, each terminal resting over four superomarginals in total. Terminal ossicles bearing spines up to five or six small spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF51642DFF961253FAF6A79BF8C5" blockId="6.[810,1457,375,2028]" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
Cribriform organs well developed on the disc and on the arms (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF961262FAD6A7E4FA24" box="[882,1001,1395,1421]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1387,1405]" captionTargetBox="[131,1457,213,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-352@8.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 2. — Cribriform organs on the marginals of the disc: A, B, Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848; C, D, Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations: im, inferomarginals; sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: A, C, 1 cm; B, D, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196448/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
), covering all or almost all the surface of the ten proximalmost superomarginals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF9615CEFA36A15EFA07" box="[1246,1363,1427,1454]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1387,1405]" captionTargetBox="[131,1457,213,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-352@8.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 2. — Cribriform organs on the marginals of the disc: A, B, Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848; C, D, Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations: im, inferomarginals; sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: A, C, 1 cm; B, D, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196448/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Figs 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF961470FA36A1AEFA04" box="[1376,1443,1427,1453]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,1962,1980]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-94@9.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 3. — Marginals and arms in abactinal view of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D, F): A, holotype USNM 28655; B, holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, E, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, F, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations:im, inferomarginals;pax, paxillae;sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196450/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">3A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
), forming one continuous surface. Cribriform organs never covering the entire surface of the inferomarginals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF961448FA76A74CF9A4" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1387,1405]" captionTargetBox="[131,1457,213,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-352@8.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 2. — Cribriform organs on the marginals of the disc: A, B, Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848; C, D, Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations: im, inferomarginals; sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: A, C, 1 cm; B, D, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196448/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Fig. 2A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
), but rather three quarters in the 10 proximalmost inferomarginals, with a bare area left in the center of the ossicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF961224F997A78FF9E4" box="[820,898,1586,1613]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[132,143,1387,1405]" captionTargetBox="[131,1457,213,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-352@8.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 2. — Cribriform organs on the marginals of the disc: A, B, Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848; C, D, Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations: im, inferomarginals; sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: A, C, 1 cm; B, D, 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196448/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cribriform organs less developed on the arms, present between the abutted superomarginals on the abactinal side of the arms up to the terminal ossicle, and reduced to two rows of spinelets per fasciolar band on the distal part of the arms. Superomarginals with small spines directed abactinally, one per ossicle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF9612BAF977A7F1F945" box="[938,1020,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="9.[132,143,1962,1980]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-94@9.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIG. 3. — Marginals and arms in abactinal view of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D, F): A, holotype USNM 28655; B, holotype MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, E, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, F, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations:im, inferomarginals;pax, paxillae;sm, superomarginals. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196450" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196450/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
|
||
), no spines observed on inferomarginals (except for the cribriform organs). Inferomarginals aligned with superomarginals on disc, but offset distally due to their sizes decreasing more drastically than the superomarginals (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF961226F8F4A784F8C5" box="[822,905,1873,1900]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196452/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Fig. 4E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF51642DFF981253F8D4A707F9E5" blockId="6.[810,1457,375,2028]" lastBlockId="8.[131,778,1523,1804]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="275" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">
|
||
Actinals are scale like, covered in small spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF961420F8D4A1AFF822" box="[1328,1442,1905,1931]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196452/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Fig. 4A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Adambulacrals with five to seven furrow spines, mostly six to seven (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D4642DFF961260F814A7D0F862" box="[880,989,1969,1995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196452/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="273">Fig. 4A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Subambulacral spines organized around the edges of the adambulacrals mostly, a few additional ones at the center of the ossicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46423FF981079FA56A5B6F9A4" box="[361,443,1523,1549]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="10.[132,143,1939,1957]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1878]" captionTargetId="figure-130@10.[698,1267,768,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIG. 4. — Ambulacral furrow and distal part of the arm of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher,1911 MNHN-IE-2019-3848 (A, C, E) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN- IE-2019-3879 (B, D, F): A, B, proximal part of the ambulacral furrow; C, D, distal part of the ambulacral furrow; E, F, distal view of the arm showing terminal ossicle. Abbreviations: adamb, adambulacral; amb, ambulacral; fur sp, furrow spines; im, inferomarginals; im sp, inferomarginal spines; sm, superomarginals; sm sp, superomarginal spines. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196452" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196452/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Very few small subambulacral spines on proximal adambulacrals, less than 10 per ossicle, increasingly distally to up to 12/16 spines on mid-arm ossicles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="ABF3BFD9642CFF971194F864A59EF840" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196446" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11196446" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196446/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="274" startId="7.[132,143,1985,2003]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1874]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF51642CFF971194F864A59EF840" blockId="7.[132,1455,1984,2025]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D642CFF971194F864A490F878" baselines="1998,1998" box="[132,157,1985,2003]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">FIG</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. 1. —
|
||
<taxonomicName id="388C94D2642CFF9711C1F864A5FEF87A" authority="Fisher, 1911" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1911" box="[209,499,1985,2003]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="7" pageNumber="274" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cribellosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF9711C1F864A580F87A" box="[209,397,1985,2003]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">Benthogenia cribellosa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A0642CFF971080F864A5FEF87A" author="FISHER W. K." box="[400,499,1985,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274" pagination="415 - 427" refId="ref9676" refString="FISHER W. K. 1911. - New genera of starfishes from the Philippine Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 40: 415 - 427. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.40 - 1827.415" type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher,1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in abactinal (
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF97134DF864A667F87A" bold="true" box="[605,618,1985,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF971363F865A68CF87B" bold="true" box="[627,641,1984,2002]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF97139AF864A69BF87A" bold="true" box="[650,662,1985,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">E</emphasis>
|
||
) and actinal view (
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF97123AF864A73AF87A" bold="true" box="[810,823,1985,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF971250F864A743F87A" bold="true" box="[832,846,1985,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">D</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF971247F864A76FF87A" bold="true" box="[855,866,1985,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">F</emphasis>
|
||
):
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF971260F864A770F87A" bold="true" box="[880,893,1985,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF971296F864A79EF87A" bold="true" box="[902,915,1985,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">B</emphasis>
|
||
, holotype USNM 28655;
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF97154FF865A060F87B" bold="true" box="[1119,1133,1984,2002]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF971566F864A089F87A" bold="true" box="[1142,1156,1985,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">D</emphasis>
|
||
, MNHN-IE-2007-1828;
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF971456F864A15FF87A" bold="true" box="[1350,1362,1985,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">E</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF83343642CFF97144BF864A16BF87A" bold="true" box="[1371,1382,1985,2003]" pageId="7" pageNumber="274">F</emphasis>
|
||
, MNHN-IE-2019-3848. Scale bars: 5 cm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="ABF3BFD96423FF981194FACEA007FA3D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196448" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11196448" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196448/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" startId="8.[132,143,1387,1405]" targetBox="[131,1457,213,1335]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF516423FF981194FACEA007FA3D" blockId="8.[132,1455,1387,1428]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6423FF981194FACEA490FAD5" baselines="1400,1401" box="[132,157,1387,1405]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">FIG</smallCapsWord>
|
||
. 2. — Cribriform organs on the marginals of the disc:
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF833436423FF98134AFACEA66AFAD4" bold="true" box="[602,615,1387,1405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">A</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF833436423FF981361FACEA673FAD4" bold="true" box="[625,638,1387,1405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">B</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26423FF981399FACEA7BDFAD4" authority="Fisher, 1911" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1911" box="[649,944,1387,1405]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cribellosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF833436423FF981399FACEA74BFAD4" box="[649,838,1387,1405]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">Benthogenia cribellosa</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A06423FF98125BFACEA7BDFAD4" author="FISHER W. K." box="[843,944,1387,1405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" pagination="415 - 427" refId="ref9676" refString="FISHER W. K. 1911. - New genera of starfishes from the Philippine Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 40: 415 - 427. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.40 - 1827.415" type="journal article" year="1911">Fisher, 1911</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
MNHN-IE-2019-3848;
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF833436423FF981561FACEA072FAD4" bold="true" box="[1137,1151,1387,1405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">C</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF833436423FF981599FACEA09AFAD4" bold="true" box="[1161,1175,1387,1405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">D</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26423FF9815B1FACEA13AFAD4" authority="Fau, 2024" authorityName="Fau" authorityYear="2024" box="[1185,1335,1387,1405]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="mahi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF833436423FF9815B1FACEA13AFAD4" box="[1185,1335,1387,1405]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">Benthogenia mahi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D6CB8E386423FF98142CFACEA161FAD4" box="[1340,1388,1387,1405]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Abbreviations:
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF833436423FF98106DFA27A59EFA3D" bold="true" box="[381,403,1410,1428]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">im</emphasis>
|
||
, inferomarginals;
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF833436423FF981336FA27A64CFA3D" bold="true" box="[550,577,1410,1428]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">sm</emphasis>
|
||
, superomarginals. Scale bars: A, C, 1 cm; B, D, 5 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF516423FF981189F9F7A614F8A5" blockId="8.[131,778,1523,1804]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">
|
||
Oral ossicles big, with a single tooth-like-spine per ossicle directed into the mouth, and eight to nine spines bordering the ambulacral groove (furrow spines), same shape as the ambulacral spines, nine to 10 furrow spines in total (
|
||
<figureCitation id="67B7F3D46423FF9813A3F917A497F945" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="11.[133,143,1377,1395]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1334]" captionTargetId="figure-358@11.[698,1267,213,775]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIG. 5. — Oral frame of Benthogenia cribellosa Fisher, 1911 (A, C) and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. (B, D): A, holotype of Benthogenia cribellosa USNM 28655; B, holotype and Benthogenia mahi n. sp. MNHN-IE-2013-2216; C, MNHN-IE-2019-3848; D, MNHN-IE-2019-3879. Scale bars: 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11196454" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11196454/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">Fig. 5A, C</figureCitation>
|
||
). More than 20 furrow spines, aligned along the edges of the orals. Proximal spines the biggest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B796BCDA6423FF981194F897A020F845" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF516423FF981194F897A4E5F8E3" blockId="8.[132,775,1842,2028]" box="[132,232,1842,1868]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">
|
||
<smallCapsWord id="F9D5798D6423FF981194F897A4E5F8E3" baselines="1861,1861" box="[132,232,1842,1868]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Remarks" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">REMARKS</smallCapsWord>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FF33EF516423FF981194F8F4A020F845" blockId="8.[132,775,1842,2028]" lastBlockId="8.[811,1458,1523,2028]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">
|
||
<specimenCount id="E98A24D86423FF981194F8F4A532F8C2" box="[132,319,1873,1899]" count="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" type="generic">Three specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
, included in USNM 40412 and USNM 40417, were described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A06423FF981087F8D4A62BF822" author="FISHER W. K." box="[407,550,1905,1931]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" pagination="1 - 545" refId="ref9775" refString="FISHER W. K. 1919. - Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent regions. Star fishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 100: 1 - 545." type="journal article" year="1919">Fisher (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, with the latter specimen containing two individuals collected from gut contents of a goniopectinid,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26423FF981072F817A6B5F862" authority="Fisher, 1913" authorityName="Fisher" authorityYear="1913" box="[354,696,1969,1995]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniopectinidae" genus="Prionaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="gracilis">
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF833436423FF981072F817A612F862" box="[354,543,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">Prionaster gracilis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A06423FF981339F814A6B5F862" author="FISHER W. K." box="[553,696,1969,1995]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" pagination="599 - 648" refId="ref9720" refString="FISHER W. K. 1913. - Four new genera and fifty-eight new species of starfishes from the Philippine Islands, Celebes, and the Moluccas. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 43: 599 - 648. https: // doi. org / 10.5479 / si. 00963801.43 - 1944.599" type="journal article" year="1913">Fisher, 1913</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A06423FF9813D4F814A4C3F842" author="FISHER W. K." pageId="8" pageNumber="275" pagination="1 - 545" refId="ref9775" refString="FISHER W. K. 1919. - Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent regions. Star fishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 100: 1 - 545." type="journal article" year="1919">Fisher (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided a detailed description of the largest specimen USNM 40412, R =
|
||
<quantity id="387442B46423FF98155FFA56A0AFF9A4" box="[1103,1186,1523,1549]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||
, but expressed doubt on its taxonomic identification, stating its resemblance with the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26423FF981264F997A084F9E4" authority="Sladen, 1883" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1883" box="[884,1161,1586,1613]" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Hyphalaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF833436423FF981264F997A7FDF9E5" box="[884,1008,1586,1612]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">Hyphalaster</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A06423FF9812E9F997A084F9E4" author="SLADEN W. P." box="[1017,1161,1586,1613]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" pagination="214 - 269" refId="ref10715" refString="SLADEN W. P. 1883. - The Asteroidea of H. M. S. Challenger Expedition. Part II. Astropectinidae. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 17 (100): 214 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1883. tb 02022. x" type="journal article" year="1883">Sladen, 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and especially
|
||
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26423FF981423F997A014F9C5" authority="Sladen, 1883" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1883" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Hyphalaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="hyalinus">
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF833436423FF981423F997A78EF9C5" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">Hyphalaster hyalinus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A06423FF981299F9F7A014F9C5" author="SLADEN W. P." box="[905,1049,1618,1644]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" pagination="214 - 269" refId="ref10715" refString="SLADEN W. P. 1883. - The Asteroidea of H. M. S. Challenger Expedition. Part II. Astropectinidae. Journal of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 17 (100): 214 - 269. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1883. tb 02022. x" type="journal article" year="1883">Sladen, 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Examination of both specimens confirms Fisher’s observations that the specimens are
|
||
<taxonomicName id="388C94D26423FF98145EF9D6A75EF905" authorityName="Fischer" authorityYear="1911" class="Asteroidea" family="Porcellanasteridae" genus="Benthogenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Paxillosida" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="cribellosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="CDF833436423FF98145EF9D6A75EF905" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="275">B. cribellosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but due to their small size, lack characters present only in adults. USNM 40412 shows juvenile cribriform organs between all its marginals (i.e., the cribriform organs do not cover the entire surface of the marginals unlike larger specimens), possessed thick and round marginals, and a relatively large terminal ossicle covering the arm tip. This terminal ossicle morphology is typical of juvenile asteroids. Specimen USNM 40417 was not as well-preserved and included only a fragment of the arm, which also included part of the oral frame.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9B1D92A06423FF981266F814A00BF862" author="FISHER W. K." box="[886,1030,1969,1995]" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" pagination="1 - 545" refId="ref9775" refString="FISHER W. K. 1919. - Contributions to the biology of the Philippine Archipelago and adjacent regions. Star fishes of the Philippine seas and adjacent waters. Bulletin of the United States National Museum 100: 1 - 545." type="journal article" year="1919">Fisher (1919)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described this specimens as the smallest, measuring R =
|
||
<quantity id="387442B46423FF9812DFF874A024F845" box="[975,1065,2001,2028]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="275" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |