207 lines
16 KiB
XML
207 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.625.9874" ID-GBIF-Dataset="87dd6cec-d61b-4531-8c81-2e846b802a0f" ID-PMC="PMC5096362" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-625-45" ID-PubMed="27833426" ID-ZBK="229DAED68D71432694B584DABD3481BA" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-625-45" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 625" ModsDocTitle="The imagos of some enigmatic members of the Hermanella complex (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae)" checkinTime="1476931134767" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salles, Frederico F., Dominguez, Eduardo, Mariano, Rodolfo & Paresque, Roberta" docDate="2016" docId="77084D5EB238FD138F3F4AE3D74083E8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 625: 45-66" docOrigin="ZooKeys 625" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.625.9874" docTitle="Hydrosmilodon gilliesae Thomas & Peru, 2004, in Thomas et al. 2004" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="A745F848FF82D72FFF852A2CFFB65252" masterDocTitle="The imagos of some enigmatic members of the Hermanella complex (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae)" masterLastPageNumber="66" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1668163631506" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The imagos of some enigmatic members of the Hermanella complex (Ephemeroptera, Leptophlebiidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Salles, Frederico F.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dominguez, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mariano, Rodolfo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Paresque, Roberta</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>625</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>45</mods:start>
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<mods:end>66</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.625.9874</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.625.9874</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-625-45</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">229DAED68D71432694B584DABD3481BA</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">229DAED68D71432694B584DABD3481BA</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127890825" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:77084D5EB238FD138F3F4AE3D74083E8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/77084D5EB238FD138F3F4AE3D74083E8" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Taxon classification Animalia Ephemeroptera Leptophlebiidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName authority="Thomas & Peru, 2004, in Thomas et al. 2004" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Hydrosmilodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrosmilodon gilliesae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilliesae">
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Hydrosmilodon gilliesae Thomas &
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Péru">Peru</normalizedToken>
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, 2004, in Thomas et al. 2004
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</taxonomicName>
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Figures 1, 2
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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The male imago of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Hydrosmilodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrosmilodon gilliesae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilliesae">Hydrosmilodon gilliesae</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the following combination of characters: 1) Eyes separated on meson of head by a short distance - less than 0.5 times width of median ocellus (Fig. 1a); 2) Fore wings hyaline, slightly tinged with brown at base (Fig. 2a); 3) Coloration of abdominal segments II - IX with blackish anterior and posterior stripes, and variable submedial marks as in Fig. 1a, b; 4) Styliger plate with two wide projections that nearly cover the penis (Fig. 2d); 5) Penis lobes totally divided with distomedial spines converging medially (Fig. 2d).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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Figure 1.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Hydrosmilodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrosmilodon gilliesae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilliesae">Hydrosmilodon gilliesae</taxonomicName>
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, male imago: a dorsal view b head and thorax, lateral view c head and prosternum, ventral view d lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">
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Figure 2.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Hydrosmilodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrosmilodon gilliesae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilliesae">Hydrosmilodon gilliesae</taxonomicName>
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, male imago: a fore wing b hind wing c hind wing, enlarged d genitalia, ventral view e genitalia, lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="47" pageId="1" pageNumber="46" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Description of male imago</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">(in alcohol). Lengths: body, 4.1-5.5 mm; fore wings: 5.4-5.8 mm; hind wings: 0.7-0.9 mm.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="46">Head (Fig. 1a, b): brown, upper portions of eyes light orange-brown, lower portions blackish. Eyes separated on meson of head by short distance - less than 0.5 times width of median ocellus. Ocelli white surrounded with black. Antennae: light brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="47" start="start">Thorax</pageBreakToken>
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(Fig. 1a, b): brownish with lighter sutures, mesoscutellum darker, and white spot on each anterolateral corner of posterior scutellar protuberance. Prosternum (Fig. 1c) similar to
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Hydrosmilodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrosmilodon primanus" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="primanus">Hydrosmilodon primanus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Hydrosmilodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrosmilodon saltensis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="saltensis">Hydrosmilodon saltensis</taxonomicName>
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, but with carina longer and slightly wider. Pleurae yellowish and heavily washed with black. Wings (Fig. 2a, b, c): membrane of fore and hind wings hyaline, slightly tinged with brown at bases, longitudinal veins yellowish-brown, cross veins yellowish. Fork of MA asymmetrical and fork of MP slightly asymmetrical (MP2 connected to MP1 by crossvein); crossvein above MA not slanted; vein ICu2 attached at base to ICu1 by crossvein. Legs: fore leg yellowish-brown, with apex of femur and base of tibia darker; mid and hind legs generally lighter.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
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Abdomen (Fig. 1a, d): terga light yellowish-brown, translucent on segments
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<normalizedToken originalValue="I–VII">I-VII</normalizedToken>
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, segment I completely washed with black, segments
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<normalizedToken originalValue="II–IX">II-IX</normalizedToken>
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with blackish anterior and posterior stripes, and variable submedial mark as in Fig. 1a; sterna translucent. Genitalia (Fig. 2d, e): styliger plate yellowish-brown, posterior margin blackish; two wide projections nearly covering penis. Forceps yellowish-brown, lightly washed with grey. Penis: yellowish; totally divided with distomedial spines converging medially. Caudal filaments: yellowish.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="47" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
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Four ♂ imagos: Brazil, Mato Grosso State,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ribeirão">Ribeirao</normalizedToken>
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Cascalheira, Gleba Maria Tereza,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="córrego">corrego</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“corgão”">"corgao"</normalizedToken>
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, S12°43.040, W52°03.345, 09.x.2007, light trap, Pinho L.C., Mateus S., Torali L. & Silva F.R. (MZUESC). Two ♂ imagos: Brazil, Mato Grosso State, Nova Xavantina,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="córrego">corrego</normalizedToken>
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Ponte de Pedra, 06-XII-2006, light trap, Mariano, R., Calor, A.R. & Mateus, S. (MZUESC). Three ♂ imagos: Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo State, Luis Antonio,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Estação">Estacao</normalizedToken>
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ecológica">Ecologica</normalizedToken>
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de
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jataí">Jatai</normalizedToken>
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(PEJ),
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<normalizedToken originalValue="córrego">corrego</normalizedToken>
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Beija-Flor, 03.II.2004, Melo A. S. & Ferro V. G. (MZUESC). One ♂ imago: Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo State, Santa Rosa do Viterbo, Fazenda
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Águas">Aguas</normalizedToken>
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Claras, 12.XI.2000, light trap, Mendes H. F. & Andersen T. (MZUESC). One ♂ imago: Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo State,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ribeirão">Ribeirao</normalizedToken>
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Preto, Rio Pardo,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="próximo">proximo</normalizedToken>
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Ponte velha
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Jardinópolis">Jardinopolis</normalizedToken>
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, rancho Cesar &
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Nê">Ne</normalizedToken>
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06.IX.2008, Calor A. (MZUESC). Eight ♂ imagos: Brazil, Bahia State,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lençois">Lencois</normalizedToken>
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, Parque Nacional da Chapada Diamantina, Rio Santo
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Antônio">Antonio</normalizedToken>
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, 12°29'579"S, 41°19'752"W, 340m, 26.X.2008, Mariano, R., Calor, A.R. & Mateus, S. (MZUESC). Two ♂ imagos: Brazil, Bahia State, Barreiras, Rio das Ondas, 15.X.2008, Mariano, R., Calor, A.R. & Mateus, S. (MZUESC). 25 ♂ imagos: Brazil, Pernambuco State, Petrolina, rio da
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Vitória">Vitoria</normalizedToken>
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, afluente do Rio
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Francisco, 09°21'814"S, 40°35'409"W, 440m, 22.X.2008, Mariano, R., Calor, A.R. & Mateus, S. (MZUESC). Ten nymphs, Brazil, Roraima, Boa Vista, Rio
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cauamé">Cauame</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="2.868139">2°52'5.30"N</geoCoordinate>
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/
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-60.74039">60°44'25.40"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 76 m asl, 20.iii.2014, F.F. Salles, E.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Domínguez">Dominguez</normalizedToken>
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, R. Boldrini, J. Gama-Neto col. (five nymphs CZNC, five nymphs IBN). One nymph: Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
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Santo, Serra,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-20.059166">20°3'33"S</geoCoordinate>
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/ W40°22'42', 20 m asl, 05/xi/2011, F. Massariol col. (CZNC). One nymph: Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
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Santo, Bom Jesus do Norte,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-21.114723">21°6'53"S</geoCoordinate>
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/
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-41.691944">41°41'31"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 31/vii/2012, F. Massariol col. (CZNC). One nymph: Brazil,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
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Santo,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Iúna">Iuna</normalizedToken>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-20.351667">20°21'06"S</geoCoordinate>
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/
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-41.532776">41°31'58"W</geoCoordinate>
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, 08/v/2013, F. Massariol col. (CZNC).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="47">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="47">
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The wide projections of the styliger plate readily distinguish
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Hydrosmilodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrosmilodon gilliesae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilliesae">Hydrosmilodon gilliesae</taxonomicName>
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from all other members of the complex except for
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Leentvaaria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Leentvaaria palpalis" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="palpalis">Leentvaaria palpalis</taxonomicName>
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, but this latter species has the projections fused (see
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Discussion”">"Discussion"</normalizedToken>
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below).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="48" start="start">Variation</pageBreakToken>
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in body lengths and colouration were encountered among specimens, with some individuals clearly darker than others. The overall shape of genitalia, however, was the same, and thus we are concluding for now that all of this material belongs to a single species. Unfortunately, since it could help in the identification of potential cryptic species, we were unable to extract and/or amplify DNA from all localities (see COI divergence section below).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="48">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Leptophlebiidae" genus="Hydrosmilodon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrosmilodon gilliesae" order="Ephemeroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gilliesae">Hydrosmilodon gilliesae</taxonomicName>
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was found to occur in several localities in Brazil, ranging from relatively close to its type-locale in French Guiana (state of Roraima), to central (Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul), Northeast (Pernambuco and Bahia) and southeast parts of the country (
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Espírito">Espirito</normalizedToken>
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Santo and
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<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
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Paulo) (Fig. 9).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="48">With the description of this species, the diagnoses of the adults of the genus must be expanded in the following way: 1) Forks of veins MA and MP of fore wings asymmetrical; 2) cross vein close to MA fork slanted or not; 3) vein Sc of hind wings ending in transverse vein near base of costal projection; 3) vein MP of hind wings unforked; 4) costal projection of hind wings acute or rounded at apex; 5) tarsal claws of a pair dissimilar, one apically hooked, other blunt; 6) penis divided in apical 1/2 to totally divided, each lobe with median spine-like projection; 7) styliger plate with spines close to base of forceps or with two wide projections; 8) prosternum with short to long median carina; and 9) female sternum IX apically cleft.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |