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<document id="B0E394D8F2622CA4190E27A538EDD151" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5496.3.5" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13346901" ID-ZooBank="58D78B70-604A-42F5-86D4-4395CDB17A41" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch,operationResults" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1724133547272" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Shah, Bismillah, Shao, Yisa, Du, Hong, Wang, Yang &amp; Huang, Junhao" docDate="2024" docId="766187C5672BFFFAFF76FE7AF1A0FD5E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5496.3.5.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5496 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5496.3.5" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Zygoneura (Pharetratula) minuscula Shah &amp; Shao &amp; Du &amp; Wang &amp; Huang 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="390" masterDocId="8A58FFBD6727FFF7FFE1FFE9F30AFFDB" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and DNA barcoding of the dark-winged fungus gnat genus Zygoneura Meigen (Diptera: Sciaridae) from China, with revision of the type materials" masterLastPageNumber="400" masterPageNumber="377" pageNumber="389" updateTime="1725043867290" updateUser="felipe" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="29A537BB1C0473E9A180F3E113BAAC0E">Taxonomy and DNA barcoding of the dark-winged fungus gnat genus Zygoneura Meigen (Diptera: Sciaridae) from China, with revision of the type materials</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A60F1B8BC310F6A04EFC146B88F6EE35">Shah, Bismillah</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="098EAD8E0B4AC132253E5C9EAC3738D9" type="email">bismillahshah1990@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="83A5D38F64F21BBA1008E1DFCC46DFF9">Shao, Yisa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BC0F89699439A7261185B15CA28D799E">Department of Forestry Protection, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A &amp; F University, 666 Wusu street, Linan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="51841594909E547F32C911B1FAB7159B" type="email">2909187740@qq.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="B4996308846A66BA10FA80D78A11AAB7">Du, Hong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="257E98FC74C9DE2608134B2AED17EB57">Department of Forestry Protection, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A &amp; F University, 666 Wusu street, Linan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5509A86C7F16B84D53745E75D8B77400">Wang, Yang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CE392E8F11DD5DD52E3A488357A178D3" type="ORCID">0009-0002-2897-8193</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="827A3D2B8AE253A4F70E72A914C17444">Comprehensive Service Center of Public Institutions in Qiantan Town, Jiande, Zhejiang 311602, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="15A558BB17133423EB3C6C53FBE11D64">Huang, Junhao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2AA17CC422DD877F965ADF57E2A5066A">Department of Forestry Protection, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A &amp; F University, 666 Wusu street, Linan, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, P. R. China</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="B6D26558672BFFFBFF76FE7AF075FE76" box="[151,895,402,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FE7736D3672BFFFBFF76FE7AF075FE76" blockId="12.[151,895,402,465]" box="[151,895,402,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">
<heading id="A53F81BF672BFFFBFF76FE7AF075FE76" bold="true" box="[151,895,402,429]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" reason="1">
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672BFFFBFF76FE7AF075FE76" bold="true" box="[151,895,402,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">
<taxonomicName id="39C84D50672BFFFBFF76FE7AF010FE76" authority="Shah &amp; Huang" authorityName="Shah &amp; Shao &amp; Du &amp; Wang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,794,402,429]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Zygoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuscula" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Pharetratula">
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672BFFFBFF76FE7AF211FE76" bold="true" box="[151,283,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Zygoneura</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672BFFFBFECDFE7BF2CDFE76" bold="true" box="[300,455,402,429]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Pharetratula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672BFFFBFE39FE7BF15DFE76" bold="true" box="[472,599,402,429]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">minuscula</emphasis>
Shah &amp; Huang
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D78F57BA672BFFFBFCC3FE7AF075FE76" box="[802,895,403,429]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="B6D26558672BFFFBFF76FE5EF2E5FDC2" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" type="description">
<paragraph id="FE7736D3672BFFFBFF76FE5EF229FE0A" blockId="12.[151,895,402,465]" box="[151,291,439,465]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">
(
<figureCitation id="66F32A56672BFFFBFF7EFE5EF211FE0A" box="[159,283,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,646,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-133@12.[183,1405,633,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zygoneura (Pharetratula) minuscula Shah &amp; Huang sp. nov. A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: fourth antennal flagellomere; D: maxillary palpus, lateral view; E: gonostylus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13346919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13346919/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Figs 9AE</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FE7736D3672BFFFBFF76FE16F2E5FDC2" blockId="12.[151,1437,511,609]" box="[151,495,511,537]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672BFFFBFF76FE16F249FDC2" bold="true" box="[151,323,511,537]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Measurement.</emphasis>
Male:
<quantity id="39309B36672BFFFBFE73FE16F2E1FDC2" box="[402,491,511,537]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6D26558672BFFFBFF26FDCBF009FDBA" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FE7736D3672BFFFBFF26FDCBF009FDBA" blockId="12.[151,1437,511,609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672BFFFBFF26FDCBF2BCFDE7" bold="true" box="[199,438,546,572]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="4EA03C8E672BFFFBFE22FDCAF009FDBA" collectingDate="2008-11-21" collectingMethod="sweep net" collectionCode="SM" collectorName="Junhao Huang" country="China" latitude="30.383333" location="Mt. Xijing" municipality="Lin'an" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" specimenCode="SM00015" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Zhejiang Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="21738871672BFFFBFE22FDCAF13AFDE6" box="[451,560,547,573]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="E8CEFD5A672BFFFBFDA1FDCAF16EFDE6" box="[576,612,547,573]" count="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="86DF7643672BFFFBFD96FDCAF1B7FDE6" box="[631,701,547,573]" name="China" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">China</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="3C0CF831672BFFFBFD2CFDCAF0A9FDE6" box="[717,931,547,573]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Zhejiang Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="1E13ACA9672BFFFBFC54FDCAF708FDE6" box="[949,1026,547,573]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Linan</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="FB176008672BFFFBFBF2FDCAF799FDE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:766187C5672BFFFAFF76FE7AF1A0FD5E:FB176008672BFFFBFBF2FDCAF799FDE6" box="[1043,1171,547,573]" country="China" latitude="30.383333" municipality="Lin'an" name="Mt. Xijing" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" stateProvince="Zhejiang Province">Mt. Xijing</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9BFC5014672BFFFBFB42FDCAF61AFDE6" box="[1187,1296,545,573]" degrees="30" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" precision="925" value="30.383333">30°23 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9BFC5014672BFFFBFAC0FDCAF69DFDE6" box="[1313,1431,545,573]" degrees="119" direction="east" minutes="72" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">119°72 E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="8A761013672BFFFBFF76FDAEF213FDBA" box="[151,281,583,609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" value="2008-11-21">
<collectingDate id="9A32E9FB672BFFFBFF76FDAEF213FDBA" box="[151,281,583,609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" value="2008-11-21">21.XI.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectingMethod id="27894EC4672BFFFBFEC4FDAEF29DFDBA" box="[293,407,583,609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">sweep net</collectingMethod>
, leg.
<collectorName id="533D5305672BFFFBFE33FDAEF179FDBA" box="[466,627,583,609]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Junhao Huang</collectorName>
[
<specimenCode id="AE6E9EA8672BFFFBFD60FDAFF1F2FDBA" box="[641,760,582,609]" collectionCode="SM" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak Museum" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">SM00015</specimenCode>
].
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="AAB7665B672BFFFBFF79F9FEF79AF988" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13346919" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13346919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13346919/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" startId="12.[152,255,1559,1583]" targetBox="[192,1396,646,1527]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="FE7736D3672BFFFBFF79F9FEF79AF988" blockId="12.[151,1436,1559,1619]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672BFFFBFF79F9FEF210F9F4" bold="true" box="[152,282,1559,1583]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="39C84D50672BFFFBFEC2F9F1F04BF9EB" authority="Shah &amp; Huang" authorityName="Shah &amp; Shao &amp; Du &amp; Wang &amp; Huang" authorityYear="2024" box="[291,833,1559,1584]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Zygoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="minuscula" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Pharetratula">
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672BFFFBFEC2F9F1F29BF9F4" box="[291,401,1560,1583]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Zygoneura</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672BFFFBFE43F9FEF12EF9F4" box="[418,548,1559,1583]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Pharetratula</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672BFFFBFDD4F9FEF197F9F4" box="[565,669,1559,1583]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">minuscula</emphasis>
Shah &amp; Huang
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672BFFFBFCA8F9FEF091F9F4" bold="true" box="[841,923,1559,1583]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D78F57BA672BFFFBFCA8F9FEF091F9F4" box="[841,923,1559,1583]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: fourth antennal flagellomere; D: maxillary palpus, lateral view; E: gonostylus, lateral view.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="B6D26558672BFFFAFF26F94CF761FE9A" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="390" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" type="description">
<paragraph id="FE7736D3672BFFFAFF26F94CF761FE9A" blockId="12.[151,1437,1701,2016]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,645]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="390" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672BFFFBFF26F94CF253F964" bold="true" box="[199,345,1701,1727]" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Description.</emphasis>
Male. Head (
<figureCitation id="66F32A56672BFFFBFE17F94CF15BF964" box="[502,593,1701,1727]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,646,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-133@12.[183,1405,633,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zygoneura (Pharetratula) minuscula Shah &amp; Huang sp. nov. A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: fourth antennal flagellomere; D: maxillary palpus, lateral view; E: gonostylus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13346919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13346919/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
). Head and antenna dark brown, maxillary palpus pale yellow. Eye bridge three facets wide. Face with 56 setae. Maxillary palpus with three segments, basal segment with two setae, with an indistinct sensory fossa; 2nd segment with six setae; 3rd segment long with five setae (
<figureCitation id="66F32A56672BFFFBFB9EF904F7D3F8DC" box="[1151,1241,1773,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,646,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-133@12.[183,1405,633,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zygoneura (Pharetratula) minuscula Shah &amp; Huang sp. nov. A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: fourth antennal flagellomere; D: maxillary palpus, lateral view; E: gonostylus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13346919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13346919/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Fig. 9D</figureCitation>
). Fourth antennal flagellomere
<quantity id="39309B36672BFFFBFECAF8F8F287F8F7" box="[299,397,1809,1836]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" unit="mm" value="0.11">0.11 mm</quantity>
long, length/width = 1.93, neck much longer
<quantity id="39309B36672BFFFBFC66F8F8F0E6F8F7" box="[903,1004,1809,1836]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" unit="mm" value="0.05">0.05 mm</quantity>
, body with mostly short setae and with a row of distinctly elongated setae near the neck (
<figureCitation id="66F32A56672BFFFBFD35F8DCF025F894" box="[724,815,1845,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,646,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-133@12.[183,1405,633,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zygoneura (Pharetratula) minuscula Shah &amp; Huang sp. nov. A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: fourth antennal flagellomere; D: maxillary palpus, lateral view; E: gonostylus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13346919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13346919/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
). Thorax. Mostly brown. Posterior pronotum with one seta, and scutellum with two long bristles. Wing (
<figureCitation id="66F32A56672BFFFBFD22F8B0F014F8A8" box="[707,798,1881,1907]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,646,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-133@12.[183,1405,633,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zygoneura (Pharetratula) minuscula Shah &amp; Huang sp. nov. A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: fourth antennal flagellomere; D: maxillary palpus, lateral view; E: gonostylus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13346919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13346919/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
). Length =
<quantity id="39309B36672BFFFBFC7EF8B0F0F5F8A8" box="[927,1023,1881,1907]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" pageId="12" pageNumber="389" unit="mm" value="1.68">1.68mm</quantity>
. R
<subScript id="624C3496672BFFFBFBFCF885F72FF8A1" attach="left" box="[1053,1061,1900,1914]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">1</subScript>
/R = 0.46. c/w = 0.58. Membrane without macrotrichia. R, R
<subScript id="624C3496672BFFFBFE21F879F2C2F845" attach="left" box="[448,456,1936,1950]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">1</subScript>
, and R
<subScript id="624C3496672BFFFBFDF6F879F13BF845" attach="left" box="[535,561,1936,1950]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">4+5</subScript>
, with macrotrichia. M
<subScript id="624C3496672BFFFBFCCBF879F038F845" attach="left" box="[810,818,1936,1950]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">1</subScript>
, M
<subScript id="624C3496672BFFFBFCB9F879F06AF845" attach="left" box="[856,864,1936,1950]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">2</subScript>
, CuA
<subScript id="624C3496672BFFFBFC42F879F0A1F845" attach="left" box="[931,939,1936,1950]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">1</subScript>
, CuA
<subScript id="624C3496672BFFFBFC0CF879F0FFF845" attach="left" box="[1005,1013,1936,1950]" fontSize="6" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">2</subScript>
, r-m with no setae. stM faintly visible in the specimen. Legs (
<figureCitation id="66F32A56672BFFFBFE40F848F2F1F860" box="[417,507,1953,1979]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,646,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-133@12.[183,1405,633,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zygoneura (Pharetratula) minuscula Shah &amp; Huang sp. nov. A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: fourth antennal flagellomere; D: maxillary palpus, lateral view; E: gonostylus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13346919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13346919/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="389">Fig. 9A</figureCitation>
) yellowish. Apex of fore tibia with a dense and irregular comb-like row of setae. Length of spur/width of tibia: foreleg 1.07. Length of metatarsus/length of tibia: foreleg 0.52. Length of hind tibia/ length of thorax 1.01. Tarsal claws three-toothed. Hypopygium (
<figureCitation id="66F32A56672AFFFAFC95FF7EF0C1FF6A" box="[884,971,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,646,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-133@12.[183,1405,633,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zygoneura (Pharetratula) minuscula Shah &amp; Huang sp. nov. A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: fourth antennal flagellomere; D: maxillary palpus, lateral view; E: gonostylus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13346919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13346919/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
) yellowish brown. The gonocoxae much longer than gonostyli, outer margin with long setae, inner margin bare, ventral medial margin with two groups of weak setae. The gonostylus (
<figureCitation id="66F32A56672AFFFAFE3EFF36F13FFF22" box="[479,565,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,646,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-133@12.[183,1405,633,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zygoneura (Pharetratula) minuscula Shah &amp; Huang sp. nov. A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: fourth antennal flagellomere; D: maxillary palpus, lateral view; E: gonostylus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13346919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13346919/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
) oblong, with two distinctly short megasetae at the apical third region, outer margin with long setae, inner margin slightly concave in the basal half, apical area with dense short setae. Tegmen membranous, higher than wide. Aedeagus dark brownish, long and slendered (
<figureCitation id="66F32A56672AFFFAFBE7FECEF754FE9A" box="[1030,1118,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,646,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-133@12.[183,1405,633,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zygoneura (Pharetratula) minuscula Shah &amp; Huang sp. nov. A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: fourth antennal flagellomere; D: maxillary palpus, lateral view; E: gonostylus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13346919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13346919/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6D26558672AFFFAFF26FEA2F115FE52" pageId="13" pageNumber="390" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="FE7736D3672AFFFAFF26FEA2F115FE52" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672AFFFAFF26FEA2F244FEBE" bold="true" box="[199,334,331,357]" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name is from the Latin word “
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672AFFFAFCC6FEA2F0AFFEBE" box="[807,933,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">minusculus</emphasis>
”, meaning “small”, referring to the relatively small megasetae of the gonostylus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6D26558672AFFFAFF26FE7AF1AFFDBA" pageId="13" pageNumber="390" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="FE7736D3672AFFFAFF26FE7AF1AFFDBA" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672AFFFAFF26FE7AF231FE76" bold="true" box="[199,315,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">Remarks.</emphasis>
The new species somewhat resembles
<taxonomicName id="39C84D50672AFFFAFCE3FE7AF797FE76" authority="Johannsen" authorityName="Johannsen" authorityYear="1912" box="[770,1181,403,429]" class="Insecta" family="Sciaridae" genus="Zygoneura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="390" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavicoxa" subGenus="Zygoneura">
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672AFFFAFCE3FE7AF013FE77" box="[770,793,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">Z.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672AFFFAFCCAFE7AF0AEFE77" box="[811,932,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">Zygoneura</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672AFFFAFC59FE7AF715FE76" box="[952,1055,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">flavicoxa</emphasis>
Johannsen
</taxonomicName>
in the morphology of the gonostylus. However, it can easily be distinguished from the latter by the two distinctly short megasetae on the gonostylus (
<figureCitation id="66F32A56672AFFFAFEFEFE32F27EFE2E" box="[287,372,475,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,646,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-133@12.[183,1405,633,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zygoneura (Pharetratula) minuscula Shah &amp; Huang sp. nov. A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: fourth antennal flagellomere; D: maxillary palpus, lateral view; E: gonostylus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13346919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13346919/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">Fig. 9E</figureCitation>
), and the flagellomere with mostly short setae on the body and with a row of distinctly elongated setae near the neck (
<figureCitation id="66F32A56672AFFFAFE98FE16F2DBFDC2" box="[377,465,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[152,255,1559,1583]" captionTargetBox="[192,1396,646,1527]" captionTargetId="figure-133@12.[183,1405,633,1536]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Zygoneura (Pharetratula) minuscula Shah &amp; Huang sp. nov. A: habitus, lateral view; B: hypopygium, ventral view; C: fourth antennal flagellomere; D: maxillary palpus, lateral view; E: gonostylus, lateral view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13346919" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13346919/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">Fig. 9C</figureCitation>
), and hence, classify this species in the subgenus
<taxonomicName id="39C84D50672AFFFAFC18FE16F783FDC2" authorityName="Mamaev" authorityYear="1968" box="[1017,1161,511,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="390" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Pharetratula">
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672AFFFAFC18FE16F783FDC2" box="[1017,1161,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">Pharetratula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Moreover, the
<typeStatus id="21738871672AFFFAFADBFE16F696FDC2" box="[1338,1436,511,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="390" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(especially the hypopygium) is in poor condition, and the diagnostic characters were carefully examined, and all possible images were added to the figure plate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B6D26558672AFFFAFF26FD83F1A0FD5E" box="[199,682,618,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="390" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FE7736D3672AFFFAFF26FD83F1A0FD5E" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,645]" box="[199,682,618,645]" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">
<emphasis id="CCBCEAC1672AFFFAFF26FD83F26BFD5F" bold="true" box="[199,353,618,644]" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="86DF7643672AFFFAFE86FD82F2A4FD5E" box="[359,430,619,645]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">China</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="3C0CF831672AFFFAFE58FD82F117FD5E" box="[441,541,619,645]" country="China" name="Zhejiang" pageId="13" pageNumber="390">Zhejiang</collectingRegion>
(this study).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>