261 lines
32 KiB
XML
261 lines
32 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B03C45B5A7BF733B2AA3FF8F1E1FBAFC">Mestuscruciatus, a new delphacid species from southwest China with some remarks on the genus (Hemiptera, Fulgoromorpha, Delphacidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EEB808134AA514D58BD47B76C36DA168">Ren, Feng-juan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6365FB465D6CDC762CE30081C3733B26">Xie, Qi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="8D45F6C746686D8FB458CC3EBF0952D1">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="05507E87C9132FC3423AE0659344268D">545</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="8FA1E892DD6FEFCBAEB3EFB07B5853B1" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.545.5992</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="7613EFB01DA805F582F42CA4F27DD0A5" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127895087" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7613EFB01DA805F582F42CA4F27DD0A5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7613EFB01DA805F582F42CA4F27DD0A5" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">
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<subSubSection id="69DBD42B8AD9CE0857535BFC17AB90BF" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="F178446C9E85AD72AB8F790914AFB0BE" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">Taxon classification Animalia Hemiptera Delphacidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C92B2F6E0C0396D01FDF803FAEA3AB9B" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="C4C0DE458909E6D6793A400A6BF44B3B" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="876A36D4D6698F94BD73CCA413C64CC1" ID-CoL="5Q4L" ID-ENA="1657701" authority="Motschulsky, 1863" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mestus Motschulsky, 1863</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C8658138A2D749144E11AE607EF28A92" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="2D18E43F5F79163173BA10AA91A9AC5E" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">
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<taxonomicName id="907BE91176777DD0B37D25F42DE4296B" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mestus</taxonomicName>
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Motschulsky, 1863: 111;
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<bibRefCitation id="2BEBA92884AFE817C2FD9EC7C51D1B10" author="Distant, WL" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" title="The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1906">Distant 1906</bibRefCitation>
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: 489;
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<bibRefCitation id="EB70717CFA9CB3FAC8D7FCC42572C257" author="Fennah, RG" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="79 - 136" title="Homoptera: FulgoroideaDelphacidae from Ceylon." volume="4" year="1973 - 75">Fennah 1973-75</bibRefCitation>
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: 85;
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<bibRefCitation id="965DBE144675115BD7B25486E74BAC8A" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">Yang 1989</bibRefCitation>
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: 161;
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<bibRefCitation id="7EB8BF759C9F81AA8AE6FDE1156ECD00" author="Ding, JH" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" title="Fauna Sinica. Insecta Vol. 45. HomopteraDelphacidae. Editorial Committee of Fauna Sinica, Chinese Academy of Science." year="2006">Ding 2006</bibRefCitation>
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: 396.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="85B358B2CCC9E90BA5811224FDBA4F2B" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="4ECB6CF80B1F12E8219CFE3127A9E5CF" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">Type species:</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="BF8F0474AC5EBE0AFCD4106136388E39" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">
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<taxonomicName id="3D0AA17055D3192C52E27B255636D079" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus morio" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">Mestus morio</taxonomicName>
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Motschulsky, 1863 by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="581CDF0AB14938676DDB65523D6019B7" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="E5F2997878DC00006E1F979AC5ED004E" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="505330927922EBC816D4D3C889162FC9" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">
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The genus
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<taxonomicName id="1CC65BDD02344DB8DD19F50CEEC27C94" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mestus</taxonomicName>
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Motschulsky is readily separated from other genera in the
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<taxonomicName id="7D1F9787890505A7E027B029E7014C4F" lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" rank="tribe" tribe="Delphacini">Delphacini</taxonomicName>
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of
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<taxonomicName id="DAD401CAEC69342B04F038DA47911D11" lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Delphacinae">Delphacinae</taxonomicName>
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by the vertex with apices of submedian carinae feebly developed, by the median frontal carina distinct but feeble at base, by the post-tibial spur without teeth along posterior margin, by the caudal margin of pygofer strongly produced near base, by the pygofer with a single process on the midventral margin, and by the aedeagus with teeth subapically on both sides.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0CA52A07682126D8416F85F189742BC8" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8A012B555728BB7FF78053AE1D6A6687" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="45400F7A3BC24D6BAB30D33BAF2C91F0" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">Head including eyes nearly as wide as pronotum. Vertex quadrate, anterior margin rounded, apices of submedian carinae and base of median frontal carina feebly developed. Angle of fastigium obtuse. Y-shaped carina with common stem distinct. Antennae cylindrical, short. Spinal formula of hind leg 5-7-4, post-tibial spur cultrate, concave on inner surface without teeth along posterior margin. Male pygofer in profile wider ventrally than dorsally, laterodorsal angles roundly produced, caudal margin near base strongly produced posteriorly, in posterior view the pygofer with a single process on the midventral margin, lateroventral margins not well defined. Parameres widely divergent apically. Diaphragm of pygofer broad, dorsally produced and incised in middle. Suspensorium ring-like ventrally. Aedeagus tubular, not twisted at base, subapex bearing teeth on both sides. Anal segment deeply sunk into the dorsal emargination of pygofer, caudoventral angles each produced in a spinose process.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="550A7057BADFF55A78CB4D32908B1A1D" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="154108118ACE7BBCF79BD08D471A13C4" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C555ABBBAE5ECF0C6DED874AC61E6AB9" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="1" pageNumber="68">
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After being established by
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<bibRefCitation id="96327838F5DC0CB2452EC1DC46E5EF70" author="Motschulsky, VI" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 153" title="Essai d'un catalogue des insectes de l'ile Ceylan." volume="36" year="1863">Motschulsky (1863)</bibRefCitation>
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, the genus
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<taxonomicName id="58D84A6E0700C56C0F39F251207F0C85" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mestus</taxonomicName>
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was subsequently studied by
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<bibRefCitation id="5BDC1B796FC7EEA96CDE1EB7213F1E47" author="Melichar, L" journalOrPublisher="Verlag von Felix L. Dames, Berlin" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" title="Homopteren-fauna von Ceylon" year="1903">Melichar (1903)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="DED69F5EB97A5E1221C9CC416C46F0ED" author="Distant, WL" journalOrPublisher="Taylor and Francis, London" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" title="The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma." year="1906">Distant (1906)</bibRefCitation>
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. However, the placement of this genus was unclear and was not treated in
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<normalizedToken id="1E5E3CB6628503020FC7FE877D752AEE" originalValue="Muir’s">Muir's</normalizedToken>
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phylogeny of the family
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<taxonomicName id="2A7D425200FD7FBE9EAB679A930A2B11" family="Del phacidae" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="69" lsidName="" pageId="1" pageNumber="68" rank="family">
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Del
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<pageBreakToken id="5B31BA2F50D4F2E1FCCCCE544C84ECFA" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" start="start">phacidae</pageBreakToken>
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</taxonomicName>
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because Muir did not agree with the original description of the type species (
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<bibRefCitation id="17A0829692CE34AE41B4B608D5450F1E" author="Muir, FAG" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="208 - 212" title="A contribution towards the taxonomy of the Delphacidae." url="10.4039/Ent47208-7" volume="47" year="1915">Muir 1915</bibRefCitation>
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). Thereafter,
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<bibRefCitation id="5245EA5A7D0B4EF5E191070C0C2D50C9" author="Muir, FAG" journalOrPublisher="Honolulu" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="311 - 338" title="Homopterous notes. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society." volume="3" year="1917">Muir (1917)</bibRefCitation>
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thought Melichar had confused
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<taxonomicName id="35E34807F981C950B2E5098E2A122265" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Anectopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anectopia mandane" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandane">Anectopia mandane</taxonomicName>
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Kirkaldy with
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<taxonomicName id="7E171E019018309AFC75DF8BF5A98BE2" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus morio" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">Mestus morio</taxonomicName>
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Motschulsky, just as
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<bibRefCitation id="E14D34FA93E4771798C010286DC57CC9" author="Fennah, RG" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="79 - 136" title="Homoptera: FulgoroideaDelphacidae from Ceylon." volume="4" year="1973 - 75">Fennah (1973-75</bibRefCitation>
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: 85) stated: "he [Melichar] was wrong in interpreting
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<taxonomicName id="A1AEBC1F740D1357664377252B44C3FE" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Anectopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anectopia mandane" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandane">Anectopia mandane</taxonomicName>
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Kirkaldy as
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<taxonomicName id="F9B6FF4BED596CD16489387541B3B8BF" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus morio" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">Mestus morio</taxonomicName>
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. Motschulsky describes
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<taxonomicName id="BD23F694DE6C039D66A8E1E1B9AC5007" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus morio" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">Mestus morio</taxonomicName>
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as having a strong median frontal carina, and his figure shows that the tegmina are not ornamented.
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<taxonomicName id="B5345217DAA1E03D695DFDF9B39D4CC2" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Anectopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anectopia mandane" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandane">Anectopia mandane</taxonomicName>
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, by contrast, has no median carina on the frons
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<normalizedToken id="E4DF7FACA1623BDEFB11323CED2F8EB1" originalValue="…”">..."</normalizedToken>
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. The diagnosis of the type species, especially the male genital characters, became more identifiable after the work of
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<bibRefCitation id="1D2743A22C59B13F0314DFBA79D5C742" author="Fennah, RG" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="79 - 136" title="Homoptera: FulgoroideaDelphacidae from Ceylon." volume="4" year="1973 - 75">Fennah (1973-75)</bibRefCitation>
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, Meanwhile, Fennah reconfirmed and treated
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<taxonomicName id="F1439539A95A35A4C209CF75B1AC4CD2" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus testaceus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="testaceus">Mestus testaceus</taxonomicName>
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Motschulsky and
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<taxonomicName id="829BFA5CAF4FE4B07DCD8E2E6A81B6E8" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Anectopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anectopia atrata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrata">Anectopia atrata</taxonomicName>
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Muir as junior synonyms of
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<taxonomicName id="7A0F5C6EB01BF3C8D654341358C81F9F" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus morio" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">Mestus morio</taxonomicName>
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Motschulsky, respectively. This study agrees with Fennah, who suggested
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<taxonomicName id="81A925EC46925D52449D7F284BF0423A" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Anectopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anectopia atrata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrata">Anectopia atrata</taxonomicName>
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Muir was a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="2B9B71199FA6970A5D2C90B7F4AC430C" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus morio" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">Mestus morio</taxonomicName>
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Motschulsky because the illustrations of
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<taxonomicName id="2AE8B7A5CA311D01A628CE5173915C34" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Anectopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anectopia atrata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrata">Anectopia atrata</taxonomicName>
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(see
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<bibRefCitation id="B0076FEFE700A07A8DF640F90C7946C4" author="Muir, FAG" journalOrPublisher="Honolulu" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="311 - 338" title="Homopterous notes. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society." volume="3" year="1917">Muir 1917</bibRefCitation>
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, Figs 22, 22a, 22b) meet the definition of the genus
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<taxonomicName id="A1DEABA1E9E8A03D3EE57A0C6D48484D" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mestus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C4976AECC425DDB0BD62A574E9AAC34E" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
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The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F2CD27D1BE4EC10AB66811C64D830D5F" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Anectopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anectopia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anectopia</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kirkaldy was established by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="C10E05B7AE865B7B4042A0BF19BEE4CD" author="Kirkaldy, GW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Hawaiian Sugar Planter's Association, Division of Entomology" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 186" title="Leafhoppers - Supplement (Hemiptera)." volume="3" year="1907">Kirkaldy (1907)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F15AF4CC2A3EB65E151599E02539D134" author="Muir, FAG" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="208 - 212" title="A contribution towards the taxonomy of the Delphacidae." url="10.4039/Ent47208-7" volume="47" year="1915">Muir (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
checked its type species and placed this genus in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D84D7369EEA77B912456FB6B7AC2E66" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Delphacini">Delphacini</taxonomicName>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="205CBE2FE6F4CD60F4E8A78DCE1499B0" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Delphacinae">Delphacinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
with two species (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="EDF0169E562A64764876885F497B6900" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Anectopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anectopia mandane" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandane">Anectopia mandane</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kirkaldy, 1907 and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C4E8908F196275CB59C8D5B21BF64D97" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Anectopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anectopia igerna" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="igerna">Anectopia igerna</taxonomicName>
|
||
Kirkaldy, 1907) known so far. Although
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A2598E8D44C3688E357391AEAE29717F" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Anectopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anectopia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anectopia</taxonomicName>
|
||
lacks a redescription after its establishment, the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7D1A62BC7EBCF6E852427C7B6E210616" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mestus</taxonomicName>
|
||
studied here differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5038DDC0C6074C100AF3EFA42650183A" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Anectopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anectopia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anectopia</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the post-tibial spur not having fine teeth along the posterior margin based on the works of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EE405A7F884B9E5CEF37A61762C0882D" author="Kirkaldy, GW" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Hawaiian Sugar Planter's Association, Division of Entomology" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 186" title="Leafhoppers - Supplement (Hemiptera)." volume="3" year="1907">Kirkaldy (1907)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="FE9278494BDD50BA903E79B3FA97D493" author="Muir, FAG" journalOrPublisher="The Canadian Entomologist" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="208 - 212" title="A contribution towards the taxonomy of the Delphacidae." url="10.4039/Ent47208-7" volume="47" year="1915">Muir (1915)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="00F942BA592F172B0565E07C32EBE15B" author="Fennah, RG" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="79 - 136" title="Homoptera: FulgoroideaDelphacidae from Ceylon." volume="4" year="1973 - 75">Fennah (1973-1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BF9AAA1F65C240ECF4C050CAE7AFE68A" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CA6A4CDE8177DBD6E9B6CB41BB17CF8D" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mestus</taxonomicName>
|
||
was once placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8ED50AD8C728779FB68B55B31EBC151F" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Araeopini">Araeopini</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="27BD49E7EEA926A735AEFA0A43E6822B" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Araeopinae">Araeopinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="3FE9C36B74E781DFDA94F680EF956CC2" author="Metcalf, ZP" journalOrPublisher="North Carolina State College, Raleigh, USA" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" title="General Catalogue of the Homoptera. Fascicle IV Fulgoroidea. Part 3 Araeopidae (Delphacidae)." year="1943">Metcalf (1943)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; later it was assigned to the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0AC3C4B293C44CBA3F28A9685D065EE4" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Tropidocephalini">Tropidocephalini</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="195236D2EAB5C41AFCAE272A62BD888C" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Delphacinae">Delphacinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="83DA64BB2B4B5534BE6F3FC29FC4793D" author="Fennah, RG" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Scandinavica" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="79 - 136" title="Homoptera: FulgoroideaDelphacidae from Ceylon." volume="4" year="1973 - 75">Fennah 1973-75</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). This genus is currently recognized as a member of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DACBFFC771D1BCFCA2D6F13AEC304BBE" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Delphacini">Delphacini</taxonomicName>
|
||
within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2136F85BA93CBC95D1B891C92888A6F8" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="subfamily" subfamily="Delphacinae">Delphacinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="E9ECF30C886BDD4685AFF0FE0C2BBC28" author="Asche, M" journalOrPublisher="Marburger Entomologische Publikationen" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 910" title="Zur Phylogenie der Delphacidae Leach, 1815 (HomopteraCicadinaFulgoromorpha)." volume="2" year="1985">Asche 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F0E6AE0C60AA3BD37EED51D964F5EBF0" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Yang 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AB6C6B489C3037B7AB9B4B8961E3192E" author="Ding, JH" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" title="Fauna Sinica. Insecta Vol. 45. HomopteraDelphacidae. Editorial Committee of Fauna Sinica, Chinese Academy of Science." year="2006">Ding 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). From the keys of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="4D5671476E939A3E378118513645EAFF" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Yang (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="CD837A5B7CD090F8ADD48D99561C373B" author="Ding, JH" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" title="Fauna Sinica. Insecta Vol. 45. HomopteraDelphacidae. Editorial Committee of Fauna Sinica, Chinese Academy of Science." year="2006">Ding (2006)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the diagnosis of this Oriental genus is rather distinct and easily distinguished from other genera in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="01E9164DAAB5F39E9BF7B09F434F6973" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Delphacini">Delphacini</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the post-tibial spur cultrate, solid, without teeth along posterior margin. Particularly in the key of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="AFBB721797501A5F50EAB67C85FB4526" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Yang (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, this genus is similar to two tropidocephaline genera:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CA51FD9404BECB063A7C5DD7E74135F8" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Malaxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Malaxa" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Malaxa</taxonomicName>
|
||
Muir and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1C4A4E1CC603CC9E4E4C307589A8A866" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Tropidocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidocephala" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tropidocephala</taxonomicName>
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1D07000B2413A90540F411135ECD1C76" originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
|
||
. However, the post-tibial spur alone is not a sufficient indicator for tribal placement and for separating
|
||
<taxonomicName id="926174E72958DB7D42AEAA9BDB4904BD" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mestus</taxonomicName>
|
||
from other related genera, and there are many
|
||
<taxonomicName id="BB16C8F4943DBA080B37C9F7C68073B5" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Delphacini">Delphacini</taxonomicName>
|
||
that lack teeth along posterior margin (e.g., all of the former
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9542D3145B703DBBED7FE120A8961984" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Alohini">Alohini</taxonomicName>
|
||
), features of the male genitalia are a better indication which should be considered for these genera.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="8A1FECB21B10C91CF9657EACCC251C11" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mestus</taxonomicName>
|
||
bears no obvious similarities with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9048AFADC7BFA6B2CA51453ABC7BAA23" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Malaxa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Malaxa" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Malaxa</taxonomicName>
|
||
or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F7B9B726F8C3C4F01177348DF1FB8396" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Tropidocephala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tropidocephala" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tropidocephala</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Furthermore, the composition and phylogeny of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5ED13154EB29532B6916E395577F828C" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" rank="tribe" tribe="Tropidocephalini">Tropidocephalini</taxonomicName>
|
||
needs to be reinvestigated.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5058C252BDE7BF8DF0BD2B8928BAA59E" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F659B00EF651E81633001642E59DAA26" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Yang (1989)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described
|
||
<taxonomicName id="0A7D37F966FD9602328DC3F4A99A1B0F" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus tungpuensis" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tungpuensis">Mestus tungpuensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on
|
||
<normalizedToken id="E0846D1BCFF9D0CB73BA0C431315F6AD" originalValue="“coleopterous”">"coleopterous"</normalizedToken>
|
||
adults in Taiwan. According to the work of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EDCEA340E526B6BE86D5F18B129784D5" author="Bourgoin, T" journalOrPublisher="Zoomorphology" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="63 - 77" title="From micropterism to hyperpterism: recognition strategy and standardized homology-driven terminology of the forewing venation patterns in planthoppers (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha)." url="10.1007/s00435-014-0243-6" volume="134" year="2015">Bourgoin et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the term coleopterous is useless to describe the tegmen precisely and has little morphological value. Therefore, the members of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="1B76C71E1534A66580835B752E76EE96" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mestus</taxonomicName>
|
||
have two wing forms, brachypterous and macropterous. The macropterous form of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="ACC40D49F5BCB18BC30FCBEE33E90A45" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Mestus</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="28A9B0165CB0AE19F6143ECB49B110E8" author="Muir, FAG" journalOrPublisher="Honolulu" pageId="6" pageNumber="73" pagination="311 - 338" title="Homopterous notes. Proceedings of the Hawaiian Entomological Society." volume="3" year="1917">Muir (1917)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from the Philippines (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3566F42929CCF9B1969FAB2A1D3C8C25" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Anectopia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anectopia atrata" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atrata">Anectopia atrata</taxonomicName>
|
||
, a synonym of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="A80C7C42C58017B717EB1483231904E9" class="Insecta" family="Delphacidae" genus="Mestus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mestus morio" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="morio">Mestus morio</taxonomicName>
|
||
as noted above). In the Chinese fauna, only the brachypterous form has been found so far. The wing polymorphism and biogeography of this genus need to be studied further.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="E97B821B88E68220AAEC0CB10D788229" pageId="2" pageNumber="69" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="FEDA9756CD1B1CEC247FC742C2F0D2D9" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DCA610E2B78FC346650FC91446F5C7E1" pageId="2" pageNumber="69">China (Taiwan, Yunnan), Sri Lanka, Philippines.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |