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<document id="DC65B2391F201DC8EC0447D0F75F4CA7" ID-CLB-Dataset="27938" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4524.1.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="fd2d8509-cd69-426e-907a-edadf413c786" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2610302" ID-ZooBank="7E6F14B8-183D-4DBC-904A-017BCDBD6EAD" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1553624906517" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gaedike, Reinhard" docDate="2018" docId="734287C2FF85FFA8829AFDAC65596B16" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4524.1.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4524 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Gnathifera bidentella" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="8F7BFFBAFF86FFAB820DFF9660406F2C" masterDocTitle="New data on the taxonomy, distribution and host plants of Australian Epermeniidae (Lepidoptera: Epermenioidea)" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="33" pageNumber="36" updateTime="1729030079902" updateUser="carolina">
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<mods:title id="B3C70E46DA9711C080B75E8D92D40725">New data on the taxonomy, distribution and host plants of Australian Epermeniidae (Lepidoptera: Epermenioidea)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="734287C2FF85FFA8829AFDAC65596B16" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5982757" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154499411" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5982757" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:734287C2FF85FFA8829AFDAC65596B16" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/734287C2FF85FFA8829AFDAC65596B16" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<subSubSection id="B3F1655FFF85FFA8829AFDAC62266D78" box="[151,614,570,596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FB5436D4FF85FFA8829AFDAC62266D78" blockId="3.[151,614,570,630]" box="[151,614,570,596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<heading id="A01C81B8FF85FFA8829AFDAC62266D78" bold="true" box="[151,614,570,596]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="3CEB4D57FF85FFA8829AFDAC62266D78" authority="(Gaedike, 1981)" baseAuthorityName="Gaedike" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[151,614,570,596]" class="Insecta" family="Epermeniidae" genus="Gnathifera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentella">
<emphasis id="C99FEAC6FF85FFA8829AFDAC62266D78" bold="true" box="[151,614,570,596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="C99FEAC6FF85FFA8829AFDAC61DB6D78" bold="true" box="[151,411,570,596]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Gnathifera bidentella</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9F7A4B25FF85FFA883A7FDAC621E6D78" author="Gaedike, R." box="[426,606,570,596]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" pagination="209 - 211" refId="ref9149" refString="Gaedike, R. (1981) Zur Kenntnis der ausserpalaarktischen Epermeniidae (Lepidoptera). Reichenbachia, Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde in Dresden, 19 (35), 209 - 211, 4 figs." type="book chapter" year="1981">Gaedike, 1981</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B3F1655FFF85FFA8829AFDCB60AB6D5A" box="[151,235,605,630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="description">
<paragraph id="FB5436D4FF85FFA8829AFDCB60AB6D5A" blockId="3.[151,614,570,630]" box="[151,235,605,630]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
(
<figureCitation id="63D02A51FF85FFA88292FDCB60A26D5A" box="[159,226,605,630]" captionStart="FIGURES 16" captionStartId="4.[151,264,1746,1768]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,267,1721]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,267,1721]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 16. Adults. 1, Gnathifera aphronesa, ♀, Tasmania, Port Arthur, 17.ix.1979, leg. P. B. McQuillan; genitalia slide Gaedike Nr. 9145, SDEI. 2, Gnathifera pseudaphronesa, ♀, CSIRO Exp. Fm., Wilton, N.S.W., 11.x.1977, leg. V. J. Robinson, genitalia slide Gaedike Nr. 9164, ANIC. 3, Gnathifera eurybias, ♀, 30°17'S, 150°120'S, Dawson Spring, Kaputar Nat. Park, N.S.W., 1362m, 14.ii.1980, leg. I. F. B. Common, ANIC. 4, Gnathifera opsias, ♂, Tasmania, 42°55'29&quot;S, 147°20'38&quot;E, Mt. Nelson Nat. Res., 330m, 712.ii.2009, leg. L. Kaila &amp; J. Kullberg, SDEI. 5, Gnathifera bidentella, ♂, 23°12'S, 150°47'E, 10km SSE of Yepoon, Q., 13.viii.1983, leg. I. F. B. Common, genitalia slide Gaedike Nr. 9200, ANIC. 6, Gnathifera australica, ♀, 23°14'S, 150°49'E, 13km SSE of Yeppoon, Q., 26.viii.1983, leg. I. F. B. Common, genitalia slide Gaedike Nr. 9257, ANIC." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610304/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B3F1655FFF85FFA8829AFD3362166DD4" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FB5436D4FF85FFA8829AFD3363866D97" blockId="3.[151,966,677,760]" box="[151,966,677,699]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DBFB11FAFF85FFA8829AFD3363866D97" box="[151,966,677,699]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="3CEB4D57FF85FFA8829AFD33621D6D97" ID-CoL="6FNKY" authority="Gaedike, 1968: 610" authorityName="Gaedike" authorityPageNumber="610" authorityYear="1968" box="[151,605,677,699]" class="Insecta" family="Epermeniidae" genus="Ochromolopis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis id="C99FEAC6FF85FFA8829AFD3361CC6D97" box="[151,396,677,699]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Ochromolopis bidentata</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7A4A10C5FF85FFA8839EFD33621D6D97" author="Gaedike, R." box="[403,605,677,699]" page="610" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="9F7A4B25FF85FFA8839EFD33626A6D97" author="Gaedike, R." box="[403,554,677,699]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" pagination="599 - 627" refId="ref9043" refString="Gaedike, R. (1968) Revision der Epermeniidae Australiens und Ozeaniens (Lepidoptera: Epermeniidae). Pacific Insects, 10 (3 / 4), 599 - 627, 69 figs." type="book chapter" year="1968">Gaedike, 1968</bibRefCitation>
: 610
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, figs 26a26c, nec
<bibRefCitation id="9F7A4B25FF85FFA88112FD3363826D97" author="Diakonoff, A. N." box="[799,962,677,699]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" pagination="1 - 210" refId="ref8875" refString="Diakonoff, A. N. (1955) Microlepidoptera of New Guinea. Results of the third Archbold Expedition (American- Netherlands Indian Expedition 1938 - 1939). Part V. Uerhandelingen der Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Afdeling Natuurkunde, Series 2, 50 (3), 1 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 120165" type="journal article" year="1955">Diakonoff 1955</bibRefCitation>
;
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB5436D4FF85FFA8829AFD5262AB6DF6" blockId="3.[151,966,677,760]" box="[151,747,708,730]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DBFB11FAFF85FFA8829AFD5262AB6DF6" box="[151,747,708,730]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="3CEB4D57FF85FFA8829AFD52625B6DF6" ID-CoL="96ZG6" authority="(Gaedike, 1968)" baseAuthorityName="Gaedike" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[151,539,708,730]" class="Insecta" family="Epermeniidae" genus="Gnathifera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentata">
<emphasis id="C99FEAC6FF85FFA8829AFD52612C6DF6" box="[151,364,708,730]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Gnathifera bidentata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9F7A4B25FF85FFA88374FD5262526DF6" author="Gaedike, R." box="[377,530,708,730]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" pagination="599 - 627" refId="ref9043" refString="Gaedike, R. (1968) Revision der Epermeniidae Australiens und Ozeaniens (Lepidoptera: Epermeniidae). Pacific Insects, 10 (3 / 4), 599 - 627, 69 figs." type="book chapter" year="1968">Gaedike, 1968</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="7A4A10C5FF85FFA88029FD5262A86DF6" author="Gaedike, R." box="[548,744,708,730]" page="208" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" year="1978">
<bibRefCitation id="9F7A4B25FF85FFA88029FD5262F56DF6" author="Gaedike, R." box="[548,693,708,730]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" pagination="201 - 209" refId="ref9114" refString="Gaedike, R. (1978) Versuch der phylogenetischen Gliederung der Epermeniidae der Welt (Lepidoptera). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 28 (1), 201 - 209, 11 figs." type="book chapter" year="1978">Gaedike 1978</bibRefCitation>
: 208
</treatmentCitation>
;
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB5436D4FF85FFA8829AFD7462166DD4" blockId="3.[151,966,677,760]" box="[151,598,738,760]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName id="3CEB4D57FF85FFA8829AFD7462606DD4" authority="(Gaedike, 1981)" baseAuthorityName="Gaedike" baseAuthorityYear="1981" box="[151,544,738,760]" class="Insecta" family="Epermeniidae" genus="Gnathifera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bidentella">
<emphasis id="C99FEAC6FF85FFA8829AFD7461316DD4" box="[151,369,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Gnathifera bidentella</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9F7A4B25FF85FFA88372FD7462586DD4" author="Gaedike, R." box="[383,536,738,760]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" pagination="209 - 211" refId="ref9149" refString="Gaedike, R. (1981) Zur Kenntnis der ausserpalaarktischen Epermeniidae (Lepidoptera). Reichenbachia, Staatliches Museum fur Tierkunde in Dresden, 19 (35), 209 - 211, 4 figs." type="book chapter" year="1981">Gaedike, 1981</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
: 211.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B3F1655FFF85FFA8829AFCB365C06C4E" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FB5436D4FF85FFA8829AFCB365C06C4E" blockId="3.[151,1436,805,1082]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="C99FEAC6FF85FFA8829AFCB361296C12" bold="true" box="[151,361,805,830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Material studied.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="4B833C89FF85FFA88379FCB361E36C4E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028521337" collectingDate="1983-08-13" collectionCode="ANIC, SDEI" collectorName="I. F. B. Common" latitude="-23.2" location="Yepoon" longLatPrecision="1256" longitude="150.78334" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Queensland">
<collectingRegion id="392FF836FF85FFA88379FCB361BD6C12" box="[372,509,805,830]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Queensland</collectingRegion>
:
<specimenCount id="EDEDFD5DFF85FFA88001FCB0627C6C11" box="[524,572,806,830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="EDEDFD5DFF85FFA88040FCB062316C12" box="[589,625,806,830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9EDF5013FF85FFA8808FFCB0629C6C12" box="[642,732,806,830]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" precision="925" value="-23.2">23°12'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9EDF5013FF85FFA880E1FCB363166C12" box="[748,854,805,830]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" precision="925" value="150.78334">150°47'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="3C139B31FF85FFA8816BFCB363E66C12" box="[870,934,805,830]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" unit="km" value="10.0">10km</quantity>
SSE of
<location id="FE34600FFF85FFA8861DFCB064296C11" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:734287C2FF85FFA8829AFDAC65596B16:FE34600FFF85FFA8861DFCB064296C11" box="[1040,1129,806,829]" latitude="-23.2" longLatPrecision="1256" longitude="150.78334" name="Yepoon" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="Queensland">Yepoon</location>
,
<date id="8F551014FF85FFA88675FCB365426C12" box="[1144,1282,805,830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" value="1983-08-13">
<collectingDate id="9F11E9FCFF85FFA88675FCB365426C12" box="[1144,1282,805,830]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" value="1983-08-13">13.viii.1983</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="561E5302FF85FFA8874AFCB061436C4E" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">I. F. B. Common</collectorName>
;
<collectionCode id="9DFAAE11FF85FFA88303FCDC61166C4E" box="[270,342,842,866]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">ANIC</collectionCode>
;
<collectionCode id="9DFAAE11FF85FFA8836CFCDC61E36C4E" box="[353,419,842,866]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">SDEI</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4B833C89FF85FFA883A3FCDC653C6C4E" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2028521344" box="[430,1404,841,866]" collectingDate="1981-11-08" collectionCode="ANIC" collectorName="I. F. B. Common" latitude="-23.2" location="Yepoon" longLatPrecision="1256" longitude="150.76666" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Queensland">
<specimenCount id="EDEDFD5DFF85FFA883A3FCDC61986C4D" box="[430,472,842,866]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9EDF5013FF85FFA883EBFCDC62006C4E" box="[486,576,842,866]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" precision="925" value="-23.2">23°12'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9EDF5013FF85FFA88041FCDF62F66C4E" box="[588,694,841,866]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" precision="925" value="150.76666">150°46'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="3C139B31FF85FFA880CCFCDF63416C4E" box="[705,769,841,866]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" unit="km" value="10.0">10km</quantity>
SSE of
<location id="FE34600FFF85FFA88153FCDC63F76C4D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:734287C2FF85FFA8829AFDAC65596B16:FE34600FFF85FFA88153FCDC63F76C4D" box="[862,951,842,865]" latitude="-23.2" longLatPrecision="1256" longitude="150.76666" name="Yepoon" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" stateProvince="Queensland">Yepoon</location>
,
<date id="8F551014FF85FFA881CCFCDF646E6C4E" box="[961,1070,841,866]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" value="1981-11-08">
<collectingDate id="9F11E9FCFF85FFA881CCFCDF646E6C4E" box="[961,1070,841,866]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" value="1981-11-08">8.xi.1981</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="561E5302FF85FFA88664FCDC65696C4E" box="[1129,1321,842,866]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">I. F. B. Common</collectorName>
;
<collectionCode id="9DFAAE11FF85FFA88739FCDC653C6C4E" box="[1332,1404,842,866]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">ANIC</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B3F1655FFF85FFA882CAFCFB65596B16" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FB5436D4FF85FFA882CAFCFB62EF6CAA" blockId="3.[151,1436,805,1082]" box="[199,687,877,902]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="C99FEAC6FF85FFA882CAFCFB61206CAA" bold="true" box="[199,352,877,902]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="392FF836FF85FFA8836AFCFB61AB6CAA" box="[359,491,877,902]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Queensland</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9F7A4B25FF85FFA883F7FCFB62E36CAA" author="Gaedike, R." box="[506,675,877,902]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36" pagination="599 - 627" refId="ref9043" refString="Gaedike, R. (1968) Revision der Epermeniidae Australiens und Ozeaniens (Lepidoptera: Epermeniidae). Pacific Insects, 10 (3 / 4), 599 - 627, 69 figs." type="book chapter" year="1968">Gaedike, 1968</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB5436D4FF85FFA882CAFC0763166C86" blockId="3.[151,1436,805,1082]" box="[199,854,913,938]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
<emphasis id="C99FEAC6FF85FFA882CAFC07610A6C86" bold="true" box="[199,330,913,938]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Bionomics.</emphasis>
The early stages and host plants are unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB5436D4FF85FFA882CAFC23645D6CE2" blockId="3.[151,1436,805,1082]" box="[199,1053,949,974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">
The description of the male genitalia is presented for the first time (
<figureCitation id="63D02A51FF85FFA881B6FC23644F6CE2" box="[955,1039,949,974]" captionStart="FIGURES 2227" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1736,1758]" captionTargetBox="[168,1427,329,1711]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[163,1428,329,1715]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 2227. Male and female genitalia. 22, Gnathifera pseudaphronesa, ♀, Como West, N.S.W., 17.iv.1970, leg. L. Willan &amp; V. J. Robinson, Gen.präp. [genitalia slide] Gaedike Nr. 9251, ANIC. 23, Gnathifera bidentella, ♂, 23°12'S, 150°46'E, 10km SSE of Yepoon, Q., 8.ixi.1981, leg. I. F. B. Common, Gen.präp. [genitalia slide] Gaedike Nr. 9200, ANIC. 24, Gnathifera luridicapitella, holotype ♂, 29 miles SW of Whyalla, S. A., 8 May 1970, [leg.] I. F. B. Common, Gen.präp. [genitalia slide] Gaedike Nr. 9240, ANIC. 25, Gnathifera queenslandi, ♀, 33°36'S, 115°49'E, 3km S by W of Donnybrook, W.A., 28.iv.1983, leg. E. S. Nielsen &amp; E. D. Edwards, Gen.präp. [genitalia slide] Gaedike Nr. 9244, ANIC. 26, Gnathifera acacivorella, ♂, CSIRO Exp. Fm., Wilton, N.S.W., 20.xii.1976, leg. V. J. Robinson, Gen.präp. [genitalia slide] Gaedike Nr. 9171, ANIC. 27, Gnathifera fuscostriata, holotype ♂, 27°34'S, 152°02'E, 400m, 6.5km E of Toowoomba, QLD, 6 Aug. 1985, [leg.] I. F. B. Common, Gen.präp. [genitalia slide] Gaedike Nr. 9197, ANIC" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2610312/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
):
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<paragraph id="FB5436D4FF85FFA8829AFC4C65596B16" blockId="3.[151,1436,805,1082]" pageId="3" pageNumber="36">Uncus divided into two narrow lobi; valva large, parallel-sided, costal edge basally with minute bristled process, apex of costal edge hook-shaped, ventral edge from 3/4 directed obliquely upwards to apex, folded to inside of valva, subapically ending with pointed tip; phallus clearly shorter than valva, straight, basally rounded.</paragraph>
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