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<mods:title id="E8CEE1E09894561DF9CA7BA9E73ADE19">Two new species of the scorpionfish genus Trachyscorpia (Sebastidae: Sebastolobinae) from the southern Indo-West Pacific, with comments on the distribution of T. eschmeyeri.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C6A18F27CF6C0A5C4946670993D10035">Hiroyuki Motomura</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="68395C6661A8BEF9C003EFA859DD3048">Peter R. Last</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B139C363B250D642E816A3261C6D5C21">Gordon K. Yearsley</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="729DFD5A02CDAA81656789B924888949" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6243133" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100117379" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6243133" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:729DFD5A02CDAA81656789B924888949" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/729DFD5A02CDAA81656789B924888949" lastPageNumber="33" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection id="277796236B7CB2E0DC61B00E81A80D07" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="19C17C3AA5850621A86AF9B8A58A3837" pageNumber="33">
Geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName id="9F8DB40D0389E9E5691E9DFFCB9DF462" ID-CoL="57TNH" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri" subGenus="Mesoscorpia">T. (M.) eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="F0B2A75E4BBB75443A7C5D1AFFDF0D3F" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="E48F113ADD64F7C2B98A3B9405A43D6B" pageNumber="33">
In his review of the Atlantic scorpionfishes, Eschmeyer (1969) reported that
<taxonomicName id="E4737939DE144EC74183692EA4475B31" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri" subGenus="Mesoscorpia">T. (M.) eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="A1024C577AF783EA79832C35A596699D" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis" subGenus="Mesoscorpia">T. (M.) capensis</taxonomicName>
) was distributed only off the southwestern tip of South Africa, based on previous literature reports related to
<taxonomicName id="8D54E8C40AFDA13D98BCAEAA64D6FB7C" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:607CEBB9-2FD7-454C-AFB3-E569BBD4C7A0" family="Scorpaenidae" genus="Scorpaena" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Scorpaena capensis Gmelin 1789:1219" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">Scorpaena capensis Gilchrist &amp; von Bonde</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="5DA2A6A59C6CE30796D1D41408A219F1" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri">T. eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
) and a single museum specimen (BMNH 1935.5.2.10, 320 mm SL). Subsequently, Parin et al. (1995) and Pakhorukov (2001) reported
<taxonomicName id="AA534786224301F1A7A3A1C10CEDA65C" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">T. capensis</taxonomicName>
(probably
<taxonomicName id="3BA362A5044AF213C9A2A6D05659D6B6" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri">T. eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
) from the Rio Grande Rise, southwestern Atlantic, on the basis of collected specimens and underwater visual observations respectively. In the Pacific Ocean, Paulin (1982) reported
<taxonomicName id="C5D9C5FC14F7ADE8C32BBB6F11EAC865" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri">T. eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="631160F80A27F23E7BFE4C4F1E06AE82" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">T. capensis</taxonomicName>
) from 29 specimens (185-400 mm SL) from northern New Zealand. Eschmeyer (1986) suggested that the same or a similar species to
<taxonomicName id="57A08DE0D5AA1016DFCDA746F9CD6097" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">T. capensis</taxonomicName>
occurs off southern Australia, and Poss (1994) reported
<taxonomicName id="EE04CEFF7AA7397AB6D1FE2F77C24ECD" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri">T. eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="776E546F3CCCEE47218314F5B0CD208F" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">T. capensis</taxonomicName>
) from deep continental slope waters of southern Australia (off Tasmania, Victoria and South Australia). In the Indian Ocean, Shcherbachev(1987) reported
<taxonomicName id="BDDCDFA746586DE8A461CFD5F48C82A1" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">T. capensis</taxonomicName>
from the West Australian Ridge and Madagascar Ridge, and Duhamel (1999) reported
<taxonomicName id="74CBD9B421FE5308F0C316D6B3F8E9AD" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">T. capensis</taxonomicName>
from off the St Paul and Amsterdam Islands. Shcherbachevs (1987) and Duhamels (1999)
<taxonomicName id="7579B12DA58BBE3CD7D0C371A3644E41" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">T. capensis</taxonomicName>
possibly contain
<taxonomicName id="D3BED4D42A74B49314778D7390C82741" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri">T. eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="1877DFEE312A972DD98F2C0BAB6627D1" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longipedicula">T. longipedicula</taxonomicName>
. Specimens of
<taxonomicName id="2E87CD54CC4AD8B650F8201539C185AF" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri">T. eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
(CSIRO H 5799-01, H 3174-15, H 3174-16, and H 3174-17; see Materials and Methods) and
<taxonomicName id="CF68462E709B55DE78DDDC8FFAE4CD04" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longipedicula">T. longipedicula</taxonomicName>
(all type specimens) examined in this study were collected from the South-West Indian and West Australian Ridges, and South-West Indian Ridge respectively; these are almost the same localities from which Shcherbachevs (1987) specimens were collected. Williams et al. (1996) reported
<taxonomicName id="7C58616806E2F5C00C06424CB00786A2" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">T. capensis</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="510E68E05C8F7743623DA3D48B7D35C3" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristulata">T. cf cristulata</taxonomicName>
from Western Australia on the basis of CSIRO H 2625-02 and H 2616-01 respectively. Our examinations of both specimens showed that their
<taxonomicName id="3D10793A5037906875C7C67A81FC722F" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">T. capensis</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="7092117656E5C4927AF395A6BB3A23DB" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristulata">T. cf cristulata</taxonomicName>
were
<taxonomicName id="09F2E732374096BBB6BC7D589ED72501" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carnomagula">T. carnomagula</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="50C194A51780FCA8817DA0D23AA6CFA1" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri">T. eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
. Judging from the previous reports and our specimens, we consider
<taxonomicName id="0B64F5463B423802A2BD6288FF3F3B83" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri">T. eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
to be widely distributed in the Southern Hemisphere, from the western Atlantic to the southwestern Pacific Ocean through the Indian Ocean, between ca. 30° and 45°S at depths of 400-1250 m.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BC4746330E227A75730BF2300FEB31A0" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName id="D3A65F3E5832F9AF70F2D619A2E51A0B" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carnomagula">Trachyscorpia carnomagula</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="22E799BDB944586635FDA4A82EEA6944" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="longipedicula">T. longipedicula</taxonomicName>
are allopatrically distributed in Australasia and the southwestern Indian Ocean respectively, but both species co-occur with
<taxonomicName id="1E8A3A01C8068944F8D0631363205204" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri">T. eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
. Incidentally,
<taxonomicName id="BBB2708871F390CF09593E452653C07F" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristulata">T. cristulata</taxonomicName>
(including subspecies) is distributed only in the Northern Hemisphere in the Atlantic Ocean.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F63447E07917CB40F40F93021A82E415" pageNumber="33">
Taxonomic problems of
<taxonomicName id="4C4914412CA89B5439497A3661C2CC7A" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristulata" subGenus="Trachyscorpia">T. (T.) cristulata</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BCCC39DBB975A708C5A74E7EA176DF4F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri" subGenus="Mesoscorpia">T. (M.) eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
. Ginsburg (1953) recognized
<taxonomicName id="150F5ED1AF2307549891DFDF80D92B37" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristulata">T. cristulata</taxonomicName>
(western Atlantic Ocean) and
<taxonomicName id="9B405DF297440FCF45C74AB71FDCDD55" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echinata">T. echinata</taxonomicName>
(eastern Atlantic) as valid species, but his data for
<taxonomicName id="62688F20BB4393523F0BA6DE43595E43" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echinata">T. echinata</taxonomicName>
were based on a single specimen. Eschmeyer (1969) reviewed previous reports of
<taxonomicName id="D4F83A6A7619CA8412D403FC339CDB84" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cristulata">cristulata</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="42F04AE1AEE441620D2268168A3B425B" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="echinata">echinata</taxonomicName>
, and recognized them as subspecies,
<taxonomicName id="80949618594B70B7E75CC5496C46F122" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="cristulata" subGenus="Trachyscorpia" subSpecies="cristulata">T. (T.) cristulata cristulata</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E2B94D5F18B5E88D74491BBDEDCBA415" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="cristulata" subGenus="Trachyscorpia" subSpecies="echinata">T. (T.) cristulata echinata</taxonomicName>
, but no specimens of the latter taxon were available to Eschmeyer (1969). Since Eschmeyer (1969), all authors have followed this classification without comparing specimens of each taxon. A direct comparison of specimens from the western and eastern sectors of the Atlantic Ocean (including a range of sizes) is required to resolve the status of the species and subspecies.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="25A46DAD6357308975173CCD9BAB6285" pageNumber="33">
Eschmeyer (1969) described
<taxonomicName id="0B7F4342C214C3430479E46168C4718F" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri">T. eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
(as
<taxonomicName id="BF6055FB0A34C99044DB1D797B73913C" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capensis">capensis</taxonomicName>
) on the basis of one specimen from the southeastern Atlantic (see account under Geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName id="49E7535CADE87ABD3EA726F498660916" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri" subGenus="Mesoscorpia">T. (M.) eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
). Characters for specimens of
<taxonomicName id="A469CB4780AE46C41B9C4D8327BE4939" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CF345025-EF7E-432B-B370-B010B63DB47E" family="Sebastidae" genus="Trachyscorpia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-ZBK="Trachyscorpia Mesoscorpia eschmeyeri Whitley 1970:245" order="Scorpaeniformes" pageNumber="33" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eschmeyeri">T. eschmeyeri</taxonomicName>
examined here from the southern Indian Ocean and southwestern Pacific Ocean agree with Eschmeyers (1969) description of a southeastern Atlantic specimen. However, although all our preserved specimens were whitish, lacking distinct pigments (except for a black blotch on the dorsal fin in males), Eschmeyers specimen was tinged with black all over the body (see Eschmeyer, 1969: fig. 5C). Collections from the southeastern Atlantic Ocean are scant, so further sampling is needed to enable useful comparisons with specimens from the southern Indo-West Pacific.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>