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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.69.9292" ID-PMC="PMC5029142" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-69-71" ID-Pensoft-UUID="F9358151FFB0FFA04437FFA79D22D311" ID-PubMed="27698586" ID-Zenodo-Dep="148165" ModsDocID="1314-2003-69-71" checkinTime="1472588272044" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hoekstra, Paul H., Wieringa, Jan J. &amp; Chatrou, Lars W." docDate="2016" docId="7296499C210A52D19E2087E866A99AAA" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 69: 71-103" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 69" docPubDate="2016-08-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.69.9292" docTitle="Monanthotaxis latistamina P. H. Hoekstra 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="F9358151FFB0FFA04437FFA79D22D311" lastPageNumber="89" masterDocId="F9358151FFB0FFA04437FFA79D22D311" masterDocTitle="A nonet of novel species of Monanthotaxis (Annonaceae) from around Africa" masterLastPageNumber="103" masterPageNumber="71" pageNumber="85" updateTime="1668141788795" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A nonet of novel species of Monanthotaxis (Annonaceae) from around Africa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Hoekstra, Paul H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Section NHN), Herbarium Vadense, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands &amp; Biosystematics group, Wageningen University and Research centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">paul.hoekstra@naturalis.nl</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wieringa, Jan J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0566-372X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Section NHN), Herbarium Vadense, Darwinweg 2, 2333 CR Leiden, The Netherlands &amp; Biosystematics group, Wageningen University and Research centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chatrou, Lars W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Biosystematics group, Wageningen University and Research centre, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2016-08-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>69</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>71</mods:start>
<mods:end>103</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.69.9292</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.69.9292</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-69-71</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">F9358151FFB0FFA04437FFA79D22D311</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">148165</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182226839" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7296499C210A52D19E2087E866A99AAA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7296499C210A52D19E2087E866A99AAA" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="14" pageNumber="85">
<subSubSection pageId="14" pageNumber="85" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="14" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName LSID="7296499C-210A-52D1-9E20-87E866A99AAA" authority="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis latistamina" order="Magnoliales" pageId="14" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latistamina" status="sp. nov.">
<pageBreakToken pageId="14" pageNumber="85" start="start">Monanthotaxis</pageBreakToken>
latistamina P.H.Hoekstra
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="14" pageNumber="85">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Distribution map of Monanthotaxis couvreurii (red diamonds), Monanthotaxis latistamina (blue squares), Monanthotaxis tripetala (green triangles) and Monanthotaxis zenkeri (black asterisk)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.69.9292.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/101016" pageId="14" pageNumber="85">Figs 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Monanthotaxis latistamina P. H. Hoekstra. A-H drawn from the type (Couvreur 565). A Habitus B Flower bud C Open flower with 2 petals and one stamen removed D Outer petal outside E Outer petal inside F Stamen inside G Stamen lateral H Carpel. Illustration by E. Winkel." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.69.9292.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/101020" pageId="14" pageNumber="85">, 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Monanthotaxis latistamina P. H. Hoekstra. A-D Photographs in the field from the type collection (TLP Couvreur 565). Photos: Thomas Couvreur." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.69.9292.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/101021" pageId="14" pageNumber="85">, 10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Differences between Monanthotaxis latistamina and Gilbertiella congolana." pageId="14" pageNumber="85">Table 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="86" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="86">
<pageBreakToken pageId="15" pageNumber="86" start="start">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="86">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2013-11-11" collectorName="T. L. P. Couvreur" country="GABON" county="Ivindo National Park" latitude="0.50383335" location="Ipassa" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="12.793167" municipality="Research station" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ogooue-Ivindo" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Gabon">GABON</collectingCountry>
.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué-Ivindo">
<collectingRegion country="Gabon" name="Ogooue-Ivindo">Ogooue-Ivindo</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
,
<collectingCounty>Ivindo National Park</collectingCounty>
, along main trail departing from behind the herbarium at the
<collectingMunicipality>Research station</collectingMunicipality>
of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7296499C210A52D19E2087E866A99AAA:96E80CF91899F733DCF2A64CFEBFCB50" country="GABON" county="Ivindo National Park" latitude="0.50383335" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="12.793167" municipality="Research station" name="Ipassa" stateProvince="Ogooue-Ivindo">Ipassa</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="30.23" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="0.50383335">0°30.23'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="east" minutes="47.59" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="12.793167">12°47.59'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingDate value="2013-11-11">11 November 2013</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">
<collectorName>T.L.P. Couvreur</collectorName>
565
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: WAG [3 sheets, barcodes: WAG.1577028!, WAG.1577029!, WAG.1577030!]; isotype: LBV, YA)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="86" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="86">
Closely related to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boutique" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella congolana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congolana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Gilbertiella congolana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boutique by the papillose petals and stamens. Differs from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boutique" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella congolana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congolana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Gilbertiella congolana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having 6 oblong stamen (vs 12 linear stamen) which are wider than deep (vs rounded in cross-section).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="86" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Scandent shrub</emphasis>
or liana to 4 m high; young branches sparsely pubescent with appressed yellowish hairs 0.1-0.2 mm, old branches dark, blackish, soon glabrescent sometimes with a few lenticels.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Leaves</emphasis>
:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Petioles</emphasis>
5-12
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.3-1.7 mm, grooved adaxially, indumentum as branches;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">lamina</emphasis>
6-13
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3.5-7.2 cm, length:width ratio 1.6-2.7, oblong or elliptic to slightly obovate, base cuneate, rounded to subcordate with thickened black margin at base, apex acute to acuminate, acumen to 1.3 cm long, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, adaxially green, abaxially light greyish green, young leaves with a few short appressed hairs, soon glabrescent, venation eucamptodromous, secondary veins 7-8(-10) oblique, from base curving upwards, tertiary venation reticulate, raised adaxially, leaves are punctate, although difficult to see in older leaves.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Inflorescences</emphasis>
axillary or terminal, solitary, in fascicle-like rhipidia or in a to 4 cm long short lax panicle-like rhipidium with up to 6 flowers; sympodial rachis appressed pubescent to glabrescent;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">flowering pedicels</emphasis>
8-17
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.3-0.4mm, indumentum as sympodial rachis;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">lower bracts</emphasis>
strongly reduced or wanting;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">upper bracts</emphasis>
lanceolate to ovate 0.6-0.7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.4-0.6 mm, same pubescence as sympodial rachis, placed halfway the pedicel;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">flower buds</emphasis>
globose to slightly ellipsoid.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Flowers</emphasis>
bisexual;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">receptacle</emphasis>
1.2-1.5 mm in diameter;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">sepals</emphasis>
3, united at base, 0.8-1.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.2-1.5 mm, ovate to broadly ovate, adaxially with short appressed yellowish hairs, apex obtuse to slightly acute;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">petals</emphasis>
6 in one whorl, but 3 petals overlapping others at apex in bud, in young flowers green, 1.6-2.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.7-1.2 mm elliptic to slightly ovate, with inwardly reflexed appendage at apex, outside papillose to slightly short appressed pubescent, inside papillose, most dense at apex;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">stamens</emphasis>
6, in one whorl, alternate with petals, light green, oblong, densely papillose wider than thick 1.0-1.2
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.6-0.7 mm, radial width 0.2-0.3 mm, filaments 0.1 mm, anthers 2, extrorse, connective appendage small, just visible between the anthers, densely papillose, truncate;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">staminodes</emphasis>
0;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">carpels</emphasis>
6-9, 1.0-1.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.4-0.6 mm, ellipsoid densely reddish brown pubescent with 6 lateral ovules, stigma globose to slightly elongated, grooved to almost bifurcate, 0.1-0.2 mm, glabrous.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Fruits</emphasis>
reported as yellowish, not seen.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="982683" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.69.9292.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/101020" pageId="15" pageNumber="86" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Figure 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis latistamina" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latistamina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Monanthotaxis latistamina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
P.H.Hoekstra. A-H drawn from the type (Couvreur 565).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">A</emphasis>
Habitus
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">B</emphasis>
Flower bud
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">C</emphasis>
Open flower with 2 petals and one stamen removed
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">D</emphasis>
Outer petal outside
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">E</emphasis>
Outer petal inside
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">F</emphasis>
Stamen inside
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">G</emphasis>
Stamen lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">H</emphasis>
Carpel. Illustration by E. Winkel.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="982659" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.69.9292.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/101021" pageId="15" pageNumber="86" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Figure 10.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis latistamina" order="Magnoliales" pageId="15" pageNumber="86" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latistamina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Monanthotaxis latistamina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
P.H.Hoekstra.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">A-D</emphasis>
Photographs in the field from the type collection (TLP Couvreur 565). Photos: Thomas Couvreur.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="86" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="86">
Gabon, province
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué-Ivindo">Ogooue-Ivindo</normalizedToken>
. Republic of Congo, province Niari. Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Distribution map of Monanthotaxis couvreurii (red diamonds), Monanthotaxis latistamina (blue squares), Monanthotaxis tripetala (green triangles) and Monanthotaxis zenkeri (black asterisk)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.69.9292.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/101016" pageId="15" pageNumber="86">5</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="15" pageNumber="86" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="15" pageNumber="86">Evergreen forest and forest on shallow soil at summit of hill, elev. 519-1017 m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="87" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="87">
<pageBreakToken pageId="16" pageNumber="87" start="start">Phenology</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="87">Flowers collected in May, October and November.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="16" pageNumber="87" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="87">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="16" pageNumber="87">
Proposed IUCN Red List Category:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="87">Endangered</emphasis>
(ED): B2ab(iii), EOO 17682 km2, AOO 16 km2. Although the species has quite a wide distribution, it is only known from four collections, one of which is from a protected area.
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="88" start="start">The</pageBreakToken>
other collections are from areas under threat of logging and habitat destruction, which is why we suggest the status of endangered.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="88" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
Named
<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="latistamina" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latistamina">latistamina</taxonomicName>
for the wide, but flattened stamens, which differentiates it from the similar
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boutique" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella congolana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congolana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Gilbertiella congolana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boutique.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="88" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1975-10-28" collectorName="P. Sita" country="REPUBLIC OF CONGO" location="Missanda" municipality="Edge" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Niari" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<collectingCountry name="Republic of the Congo">REPUBLIC OF CONGO</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="Republic of the Congo" name="Niari">Niari</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality>Edge</collectingMunicipality>
of the
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7296499C210A52D19E2087E866A99AAA:8B71D608A76C77C4200CC9116746CFF7" country="REPUBLIC OF CONGO" municipality="Edge" name="Missanda" stateProvince="Niari">Missanda</location>
plain,
<collectingDate value="1975-10-28">28 October 1975</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<collectorName>P. Sita</collectorName>
3966
</emphasis>
(P [P01982495],P [P01982496], WAG [WAG.1575264]; excluded as
<typeStatus>paratype</typeStatus>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2003-05-18" collectingDateMax="2015-11-11" collectingDateMin="2003-05-18" collectorName="L. Ngok Banak, J. J. Wieringa" country="GABON" latitude="1.0811666" location="Belinga mountain" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="13.203" municipality="Ca" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ogooue-Ivindo" typeStatus="paratypes">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<collectingCountry name="Gabon">GABON</collectingCountry>
.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué-Ivindo">
<collectingRegion country="Gabon" name="Ogooue-Ivindo">Ogooue-Ivindo</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality>Ca</collectingMunicipality>
<locationDeviation location="Ikei-Bokaboka">
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
NNW of Ikei-Bokaboka
</locationDeviation>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="north" minutes="57.18" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="0.953">0°57.18'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="41.45" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="13.690833">13°41.45'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingDate value="2003-05-18">18 May 2003</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<collectorName>L. Ngok Banak</collectorName>
1811
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>paratypes</typeStatus>
: BRLU, LBV [LBV0001649], MO [6357151], P, WAG [WAG0148822];
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7296499C210A52D19E2087E866A99AAA:C91029AF125BDA5A5DAC4DCA1BCB3F26" country="GABON" latitude="1.0811666" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="13.203" municipality="Ca" name="Belinga mountain" stateProvince="Ogooue-Ivindo">Belinga mountain</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="04.87" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="1.0811666">1°04.87'N</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="13" direction="east" minutes="12.18" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="13.203">13°12.18'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingDate value="2015-11-11">11 November 2015</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<collectorName>J.J. Wieringa</collectorName>
8320
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>paratypes</typeStatus>
: WAG [3 sheets, WAG.1575172, WAG.1575173, WAG.1575174]).)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
This species is similar to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boutique" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella congolana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congolana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Gilbertiella congolana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boutique from Congo (Kinshasa), but it differs in stamen number and form, furthermore
<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis latistamina" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latistamina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Monanthotaxis latistamina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has thicker petioles, while the petioles of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boutique" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella congolana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congolana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Gilbertiella congolana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are more slender (Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Differences between Monanthotaxis latistamina and Gilbertiella congolana." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/560703EFBBF3FD511BE8DBD5DB9AA1FA" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" tableUuid="560703EFBBF3FD511BE8DBD5DB9AA1FA">3</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="560703EFBBF3FD511BE8DBD5DB9AA1FA" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/560703EFBBF3FD511BE8DBD5DB9AA1FA" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" start="Table 3" startId="T3">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Table 3.</emphasis>
Differences between
<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis latistamina" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latistamina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Monanthotaxis latistamina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boutique" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella congolana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congolana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Gilbertiella congolana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<table pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<tr pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<th colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" rowspan="1">-</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis latistamina" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latistamina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Monanthotaxis latistamina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boutique" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella congolana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congolana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Gilbertiella congolana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" rowspan="1">Nr of stamens</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" rowspan="1">6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" rowspan="1">12-15</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" rowspan="1">Stamen form</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" rowspan="1">oblong, wider than thick</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" rowspan="1">obconical to clavate, circular in cross-section</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" rowspan="1">Petiole width</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" rowspan="1">1.3-1.7 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" rowspan="1">0.7-0.8 mm</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">
Although
<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis latistamina" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latistamina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Monanthotaxis latistamina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boutique" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella congolana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congolana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Gilbertiella congolana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
we do describe it in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Monanthotaxis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Gilbertiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Boutique will be synonymized with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Monanthotaxis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation author="Boutique, R" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat, Bruxelles / Bulletin van den Rijksplantentuin, Brussel" pageId="27" pageNumber="98" pagination="95 - 126" publicationUrl="10.2307/3666813" refId="B5" refString="Boutique, R, 1951. Annonacees nouvelles de la flore du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi. Bulletin du Jardin botanique de l'Etat, Bruxelles/Bulletin van den Rijksplantentuin, Brussel 21: 95 - 126, DOI: 10.2307/3666813" title="Annonacees nouvelles de la flore du Congo Belge et du Ruanda-Urundi." url="10.2307/3666813" volume="21" year="1951">Boutique (1951)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella" order="Magnoliales" pageId="17" pageNumber="88" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="88">Gilbertiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on linear stamens, outer petals that cover the inner petals in bud only at the apex, and an apical appendage on the inside of the petals.
<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="89" start="start">These</pageBreakToken>
characters on their own occur in other species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as well. The outer petals overlapping the inner petals only at the apex occurs in a quarter of all
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, the linear stamens occur in some species such as
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verdcourt" authorityYear="1971" baseAuthorityName="Diels" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis filamentosa" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="filamentosa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis filamentosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Diels) Verdc. and
<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis maputensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maputensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis maputensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
P.H.Hoekstra (figure 11) and a more or less developed appendage on the petals occurs in species such as
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis le-testui" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="le-testui">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis le-testui</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pellegrin and male flowers of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verdcourt" authorityYear="1971" baseAuthorityName="Chipp" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis cauliflora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cauliflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis cauliflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Chipp) Verdc. and often in young flower buds. All other characteristics of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boutique" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella congolana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congolana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Gilbertiella congolana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are typical or at least normal for
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as having only a few stamens in one whorl and uniseriate stipitate monocarps. Also
<bibRefCitation author="Walker, JW" journalOrPublisher="Grana" pageId="28" pageNumber="99" pagination="45 - 54" publicationUrl="10.1080/00173137109427411" refId="B26" refString="Walker, JW, 1971. Contributions to the pollen morphology and phylogeny of the Annonaceae. I. Grana 11: 45 - 54, DOI: 10.1080/00173137109427411" title="Contributions to the pollen morphology and phylogeny of the Annonaceae. I." url="10.1080/00173137109427411" volume="11" year="1971">Walker (1971)</bibRefCitation>
reported a strong affinity between
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Gilbertiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the microbaculate pollen exine. Based on all these similarities we place
<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis latistamina" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latistamina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis latistamina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Furthermore, DNA sequences confirm the placement of
<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis latistamina" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latistamina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis latistamina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baillon" authorityYear="1890" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Guo, X" journalOrPublisher="Annals of Botany" pageId="27" pageNumber="98" refId="B12" refString="Guo, X, Hoekstra, PH, Tang, CC, Thomas, DC, Wieringa, JJ, Chatrou, LW, Saunders, RMK, in press. Cutting up the climbers: Evidence for extensive polyphyly in Friesodielsia (Annonaceae) necessitates generic realignment across the tribe Uvarieae. In: Taxon." title="Cutting up the climbers: Evidence for extensive polyphyly in Friesodielsia (Annonaceae) necessitates generic realignment across the tribe Uvarieae." volumeTitle="Taxon." year="in press">Guo et al. in press</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="89">
The specimen of
<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis latistamina" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latistamina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis latistamina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Republic of Congo has some differences with the three specimens from Gabon. The flower buds and stems of the specimen dried very blackish and the leaves are coriaceous and greyish vs chartaceous and green in the Gabonese specimens. However the distinguishing characteristics with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Boutique" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Gilbertiella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Gilbertiella congolana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="congolana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Gilbertiella congolana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are the same as with the Gabonese specimens. More collections are needed to verify if this is just an aberrant collection or a different (sub)species. For now this collection is retained as belonging to
<taxonomicName authorityName="P. H. Hoekstra" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis latistamina" order="Magnoliales" pageId="18" pageNumber="89" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="latistamina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="89">Monanthotaxis latistamina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on the similarities in flowers and stamen, but it is excluded as a paratype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>