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<mods:title id="CEE0666921E91AD6EECE832ED7AB4684">Description of two new species of Leptinopterus Hope (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae) with notes on the taxonomy and natural history of the genus</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="FA6AD67C6A58FFE2FF23FAC3FD8EFF37" blockId="5.[151,590,151,212]" box="[151,590,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="A12261106A58FFE2FF23FAC3FD8EFF37" bold="true" box="[151,590,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FF23FAC3FD8EFF37" ID-CoL="3TJSK" authority="Boileau, 1899" authorityName="Boileau" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,590,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FF23FAC3FD8EFF37" bold="true" box="[151,590,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FF23FAC3FE60FF37" bold="true" box="[151,416,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">Leptinopterus gracilis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FE13FAC3FD8EFF37" author="Boileau" box="[423,590,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Boileau, M. H. (1899) Diagnoses de Lucanides nouveaux (Col.). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 11, 196 - 197." type="journal article" year="1899">Boileau, 1899</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA6AD67C6A58FFE2FF23FAEEFEE6FF52" blockId="5.[151,590,151,212]" box="[151,294,186,212]" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">
(
<figureCitation id="62EECAF96A58FFE2FF2BFAEEFEDEFF52" box="[159,286,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1984,2008]" captionTargetBox="[244,1355,205,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[203,1382,197,1933]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Dorsal habitus of Leptinopterus gracilis: 9 13) Variation in mandibular shape; 14) Female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189231/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">Figs. 914</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2CF85F76A58FFE2FF23FB5CFC31FE39" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FA6AD67C6A58FFE2FF23FB5CFBB9FE19" blockId="5.[151,1436,264,447]" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">
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<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FF23FB5CFD91FE99" ID-CoL="3TJSK" authority="Boileau 1899: 196" authorityName="Boileau" authorityPageNumber="196" authorityYear="1899" box="[151,593,264,287]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FF23FB5CFE43FE99" box="[151,387,264,287]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">Leptinopterus gracilis</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="7B74F06D6A58FFE2FE3DFB5CFD91FE99" author="Boileau" box="[393,593,264,287]" page="196" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" year="1899">
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FE3DFB5CFDDCFE99" author="Boileau" box="[393,540,264,287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Boileau, M. H. (1899) Diagnoses de Lucanides nouveaux (Col.). Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique de France, 11, 196 - 197." type="journal article" year="1899">Boileau 1899</bibRefCitation>
: 196
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="7B74F06D6A58FFE2FDE8FB5CFC8CFE99" author="Luderwaldt" box="[604,844,264,287]" page="126" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" year="1930">
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FDE8FB5CFCD6FE99" author="Luderwaldt" box="[604,790,264,287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Luderwaldt, H. (1930) Novos Lucanideos brasileiros (Col.). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, 6 (2), 123 - 127." type="journal article" year="1930">Lüderwaldt 1930</bibRefCitation>
: 126
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="7B74F06D6A58FFE2FCE3FB5CFB86FE99" author="Luderwaldt" box="[855,1094,264,287]" page="484" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" year="1935">
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FCE3FB5CFBD1FE99" author="Luderwaldt" box="[855,1041,264,287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" refString="Luderwaldt, H. (1935) Monographia dos Lucanideos brasileiros. Revista do Museu Paulista, 19, 448 - 574." type="journal article" year="1935">Lüderwaldt 1935</bibRefCitation>
: 484
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="7B74F06D6A58FFE2FBE5FB5CFA8DFE99" author="Blackwelder" box="[1105,1357,264,287]" page="196" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" year="1944">
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FBE5FB5CFAD8FE99" author="Blackwelder" box="[1105,1304,264,287]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Blackwelder, R. E. (1944) Checklist of the coleopterous insects of Mexico, Central America, the West Indies, and South America. Part 2. United States National Museum Bulletin, 185, 189 - 265." type="journal article" year="1944">Blackwelder 1944</bibRefCitation>
: 196
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="7B74F06D6A58FFE2FAECFB5CFE5AFEB9" author="Didier" page="130" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" year="1953">
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FAECFB5CFEA7FEB9" author="Didier" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Didier, R. &amp; Seguy, E. (1953) Catalogue illustre des Lucanides du Globe. Texte. Encyclopedie Entomologique, Serie A 27, 1 - 223." type="journal article" year="1953">Didier &amp; Séguy 1953</bibRefCitation>
: 130
</treatmentCitation>
(472);
<treatmentCitation id="7B74F06D6A58FFE2FE5EFB7CFD63FEB9" author="Benesh" box="[490,675,296,319]" page="52" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" year="1960">
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FE5EFB7CFDBAFEB9" author="Benesh" box="[490,634,296,319]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Benesh, B. (1960) Lucanidea. Coleopterorum Catalogus Supplementa (second edition), 8, 1 - 178." type="journal article" year="1960">Benesh 1960</bibRefCitation>
: 52
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="7B74F06D6A58FFE2FD1BFB7CFC92FEB9" author="Maes" box="[687,850,296,319]" page="63" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" year="1992">
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FD1BFB7CFCE9FEB9" author="Maes" box="[687,809,296,319]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" refString="Maes, J. M. (1992) Lista de los Lucanidae (Coleoptera) del mundo. Revista Nicaraguense de Entomologia, 22, 1 - 121." type="journal article" year="1992">Maes 1992</bibRefCitation>
: 63
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="7B74F06D6A58FFE2FCEAFB7CFB6DFEB9" author="Mizunuma" box="[862,1197,296,319]" page="278" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FCEAFB7CFBB7FEB9" author="Mizunuma" box="[862,1143,296,319]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" refString="Mizunuma, T. &amp; Nagai, S. (1994) The Lucanid Beetles of the World. Mushi-sha Iconographic Series of Insects, volume 1. Mushi-sha, Tokyo, 338 pp." type="book" year="1994">Mizunuma &amp; Nagai 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 278
</treatmentCitation>
, plate 116, (Fig. 467), misidentified illustration of
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FE46FB1CFD1EFED9" ID-CoL="3TJSC" box="[498,734,328,351]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FE46FB1CFD1EFED9" box="[498,734,328,351]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">Leptinopterus elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
);
<treatmentCitation id="7B74F06D6A58FFE2FD42FB1CFC6DFED9" author="Krajcik" box="[758,941,328,351]" page="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" year="2001">
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FD42FB1CFC46FED9" author="Krajcik" box="[758,902,328,351]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Krajcik, M. (2001) Lucanidae of the World. Catalogue-Part I. Checklist of the Stag Beetles of the World. Milan Krajcik, Most, Czech Republic, 108 pp." type="book" year="2001">Krajcik 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 28
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="7B74F06D6A58FFE2FC0DFB1CFBB2FED9" author="Krajcik" box="[953,1138,328,351]" page="94" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FC0DFB1CFB89FED9" author="Krajcik" box="[953,1097,328,351]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Krajcik, M. (2003) Lucanidae of the World. Catalog-Part II. Encyclopedia of the Lucanidae (Coleoptera: Lucanidae). Milan Krajcik, Most, Czech Republic, 197 pp." type="book" year="2003">Krajcik 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 94
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="7B74F06D6A58FFE2FBC9FB1CFAD9FED9" author="Baba" box="[1149,1305,328,351]" page="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" year="2003">
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FBC9FB1CFB34FED9" author="Baba" box="[1149,1268,328,351]" pageId="5" pageNumber="43" refString="Baba, M. (2003) Notes on the genus Leptinopterus (Coleoptera, Lucanidae) from South America. Gekkan-Mushi, 390, 19 - 30." type="journal article" year="2003">Baba 2003</bibRefCitation>
: 26
</treatmentCitation>
(
<figureCitation id="62EECAF96A58FFE2FA9CFB1CFA4FFED9" box="[1320,1423,328,351]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 5 8" captionStart-1="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId-0="3.[151,271,787,811]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,269,1984,2008]" captionTargetBox-0="[463,1100,226,749]" captionTargetBox-1="[244,1355,205,1929]" captionTargetId-0="figure@3.[445,1143,194,763]" captionTargetId-1="figure@4.[203,1382,197,1933]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="FIGURES 5 8. Left mandible of male majors of four species of Leptinopterus: 5) L. assimilis; 6) L. femoratus; 7) L. tibialis; 8) L. nitidus." captionText-1="FIGURES 9 14. Dorsal habitus of Leptinopterus gracilis: 9 13) Variation in mandibular shape; 14) Female." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/189230/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/189231/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">Figs. 89</figureCitation>
), misidentified illustration of
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FDBFFB3CFCC0FEF9" ID-CoL="3TJSC" box="[523,768,360,383]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FDBFFB3CFCC0FEF9" box="[523,768,360,383]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">Leptinopterus elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (
<figureCitation id="62EECAF96A58FFE2FCAAFB3CFC68FEF9" box="[798,936,360,383]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 14" captionStartId="4.[151,269,1984,2008]" captionTargetBox="[244,1355,205,1929]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[203,1382,197,1933]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 9 14. Dorsal habitus of Leptinopterus gracilis: 9 13) Variation in mandibular shape; 14) Female." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189231/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">Figs. 1011</figureCitation>
), misidentified illustration of
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FABCFB3CFEA4FE19" ID-CoL="3TJSD" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erythrocnemus">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FABCFB3CFEA4FE19" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">Leptinopterus erythrocnemus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), (
<figureCitation id="62EECAF96A58FFE2FE36FBDCFE12FE19" box="[386,466,392,415]" captionStart="FIGURES 21 24" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1964,1988]" captionTargetBox="[226,1357,374,1937]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[225,1362,364,1939]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 21 24. Leptinopterus species feeding at sap flow on Asteraceae species: 21) L. tibialis; 22) L. nitidus; 23) L. gracilis; 24) L. fryi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/189233/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
), (Fig. 36), misidentified illustration of
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FCCEFBDCFBB2FE19" ID-CoL="3TJSY" box="[890,1138,392,415]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="suturalis">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FCCEFBDCFBB2FE19" box="[890,1138,392,415]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">Leptinopterus suturalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA6AD67C6A58FFE2FF23FBF3FC31FE39" blockId="5.[151,1436,264,447]" box="[151,1009,423,447]" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FF23FBF3FE85FE39" bold="true" box="[151,325,423,447]" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">nomen nudum:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FEF8FBFCFDA0FE39" box="[332,608,424,447]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FEF8FBFCFDF8FE39" ID-CoL="3TJSC" box="[332,568,424,447]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">Leptinopterus elegans</taxonomicName>
ab.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FDD2FBFCFC2DFE39" ID-CoL="7GY75" authority="Luderwaldt 1935: 490" authorityName="Luderwaldt" authorityPageNumber="490" authorityYear="1935" box="[614,1005,424,447]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catharinensis">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FDD2FBFCFD36FE39" box="[614,758,424,447]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">catharinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9E44AB8D6A58FFE2FD48FBFCFC77FE39" author="Luderwaldt" box="[764,951,424,447]" pageId="5" pageNumber="44" refString="Luderwaldt, H. (1935) Monographia dos Lucanideos brasileiros. Revista do Museu Paulista, 19, 448 - 574." type="journal article" year="1935">Lüderwaldt 1935</bibRefCitation>
: 490
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2CF85F76A58FFE2FF23FBBBFCCDFC34" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" type="description">
<paragraph id="FA6AD67C6A58FFE2FF23FBBBFCCDFC34" blockId="5.[151,1437,494,946]" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FF23FBBBFE54FD8E" authority="Jakowleff" authorityName="Jakowleff" box="[151,404,494,520]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FF23FBBBFED5FD8E" box="[151,277,495,520]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">L. elegans</emphasis>
Jakowleff
</taxonomicName>
and “
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FE6AFBBBFCF6FD8E" box="[478,822,495,520]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FE6AFBBBFD9CFD8E" box="[478,604,495,520]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">L. elegans</taxonomicName>
ab.
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FD27FBBBFCF6FD8E" authority="Luderwaldt" authorityName="Luderwaldt" box="[659,822,495,520]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catharinensis">catharinensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
Lüderwaldt” are misidentified in all the Brazilian collections I studied. After examining a picture of the
<typeStatus id="256E68DE6A58FFE2FCACF841FCBEFDA9" box="[792,894,533,559]" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FC13F841FB43FDA9" authority="Boileau" authorityName="Boileau" box="[935,1155,533,559]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FC13F841FBE1FDA8" box="[935,1057,533,558]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">L. gracilis</emphasis>
Boileau
</taxonomicName>
and the label data from MNHN, I conclude that the true
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FDA0F868FD4BFDD3" box="[532,651,572,597]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FDA0F868FD4BFDD3" box="[532,651,572,597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">L. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the species from southern
<collectingCountry id="82C296EC6A58FFE2FC55F868FBE9FDD0" box="[993,1065,572,598]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">Brazil</collectingCountry>
that has been called
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FAA8F868FA54FDD3" box="[1308,1428,572,597]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FAA8F868FA54FDD3" box="[1308,1428,572,597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">L. elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Specimens labeled
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FE33F836FDC7FDFD" box="[391,519,610,635]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FE33F836FDC7FDFD" box="[391,519,610,635]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">L. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
probably belong to new species or other species that are not identified in Brazilian collections, and only after studying the remaining
<typeStatus id="256E68DE6A58FFE2FCE2F8DDFC54FD25" box="[854,916,649,675]" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">types</typeStatus>
of the genus will be possible to identify this species, or the true
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FE34F8E4FE3CFD4F" box="[384,508,688,713]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FE34F8E4FE3CFD4F" box="[384,508,688,713]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">L. elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. After reading the original description of
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FC46F8E4FBADFD4F" box="[1010,1133,688,713]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FC46F8E4FBADFD4F" box="[1010,1133,688,713]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">L. elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by Jakowleff (1900) it is difficult to know which species is being discussed. The
<typeStatus id="256E68DE6A58FFE2FC98F882FC9FFD76" box="[812,863,726,752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">type</typeStatus>
locality is São Paulo State without more precise data, and it is possible that
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FE45F8A9FDB2FC90" box="[497,626,765,790]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FE45F8A9FDB2FC90" box="[497,626,765,790]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">L. elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FC2BF8A9FBE1FC90" box="[927,1057,765,790]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FC2BF8A9FBE1FC90" box="[927,1057,765,790]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">L. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. “
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FB8BF8A9FEE1FCB8" authority="Luderwaldt" authorityName="Luderwaldt" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="catharinensis">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FB8BF8A9FA5DFC90" box="[1087,1437,765,790]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">Leptinopterus catharinensis</emphasis>
Lüderwaldt
</taxonomicName>
” was named as an aberrant form of
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FD72F970FCFEFCBB" box="[710,830,804,829]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegans">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FD72F970FCFEFCBB" box="[710,830,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">L. elegans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but is actually a specimen of
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FB16F970FADAFCBB" box="[1186,1306,804,829]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FB16F970FADAFCBB" box="[1186,1306,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">L. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It appears to be a mandibular variant of the more typical form of
<taxonomicName id="3DD5ADFF6A58FFE2FC86F91EFC6EFCE5" box="[818,942,842,867]" class="Insecta" family="Lucanidae" genus="Leptinopterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gracilis">
<emphasis id="C8A10A6E6A58FFE2FC86F91EFC6EFCE5" box="[818,942,842,867]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="37">L. gracilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is from the same orographic region. Both forms are collected together, and except for the form of the male mandibles, all other characters, including those of the aedeagus, are exactly the same.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>