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<document id="6AFCBA04C862A9530C101CEE10F67EED" ID-CLB-Dataset="6393" ID-DOI="10.5252/g2014n3a4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="08337548-044b-4fce-8702-fe17f207d9a2" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4538563" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1613150662339" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Colombero, Simone, Pavia, Giulio &amp; Carnevale, Giorgio" docDate="2014" docId="72738785FF85FFEDB981AB76FB1C1059" docLanguage="en" docName="Geodiversitas.36.3.421-475.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 36 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/g2014n3a4" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F8AA0CB5AB58FB1C1EB3E4696C1B2D36.3:Geodiversitas.2013-2014.journal_article" docStyleId="F8AA0CB5AB58FB1C1EB3E4696C1B2D36" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2013-2014.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Pliopetaurista pliocaenica" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="458" masterDocId="8E4AFFFDFFA1FFC8BB49AA61FFAE1315" masterDocTitle="Messinian rodents from Moncucco Torinese, NW Italy: palaeobiodiversity and biochronology" masterLastPageNumber="475" masterPageNumber="421" pageNumber="457" updateTime="1698929471688" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:title id="27C3FF25B77C97339D289666394641C7">Messinian rodents from Moncucco Torinese, NW Italy: palaeobiodiversity and biochronology</mods:title>
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<treatment id="72738785FF85FFEDB981AB76FB1C1059" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4836549" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182404792" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4836549" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72738785FF85FFEDB981AB76FB1C1059" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/72738785FF85FFEDB981AB76FB1C1059" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">
<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF85FFECB981AB76FC5D1244" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB981AB76FC5D1244" blockId="36.[712,1174,279,337]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECB981AB76FB381224" authority="(Deperet, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Deperet" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[712,1174,279,306]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenica">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB981AB76FC4E1227" bold="true" box="[712,992,279,306]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Pliopetaurista pliocaenica</emphasis>
(Depéret, 1897)
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="62E12A16FF85FFECB83AAB56FC441244" box="[883,1002,311,337]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="34.[113,124,1350,1368]" captionTargetBox="[113,1157,267,1311]" captionTargetId="figure-127@34.[112,662,762,1313]" captionTargetPageId="34" captionText="FIG. 8. — Isolated teeth of Sciuridae Fischer,1817 from Moncucco Torinese:A, B, Pliopetaurista pliocaenica (Depéret,1897);A, MGPT- PU 128220,M3 dex.; B, MGPT-PU 128221,m1 dex.; C, D, Sciurus warthae Sulimski, 1964; C, MGPT-PU 128347, M3 dex.; D, MGPT- PU 128218, m1 sin. Scale bar: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4538581" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4538581/files/figure.png" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Fig. 8C, D</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF85FFECB9ECAB11FCA81129" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB9ECAB11FCBA12B7" blockId="36.[677,1209,368,418]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECB9ECAB11FBC7129C" authority="Deperet, 1897: 179" authorityName="Deperet" authorityPageNumber="179" authorityYear="1897" box="[677,1129,368,393]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Sciuropterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenicus">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB9ECAB11FC38129D" box="[677,918,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Sciuropterus pliocaenicus</emphasis>
Depéret, 1897: 179
</taxonomicName>
, pl. 18, figs 34, 35.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB9ECABDBFCA81129" blockId="36.[675,1211,442,572]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECB9ECABDBFC2212C7" baseAuthorityName="Deperet" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[677,908,442,466]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenica">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB9ECABDBFC2212C7" box="[677,908,442,466]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Pliopetaurista pliocaenica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Mein 1970: 40, figs 66-71. —
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECB9EAABB5FC3812F9" author="ADROVER R. &amp; MEIN P. &amp; MOISSENET E." box="[675,918,468,492]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="85 - 106" refId="ref28653" refString="ADROVER R., MEIN P. &amp; MOISSENET E. 1993 b. - Los Sciuridae del Turoliense superior, Rusciniense y Villanyense de la region de Teruel. Paleontologia i Evolucio 26 - 27: 85 - 106." type="journal article" year="1993">
Adrover
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB9B0ABB4FC8612F9" box="[761,808,468,492]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
1993b: 98
</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 6, figs 1-4. —
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECBF18ABB4FCA01112" author="MORS T. &amp; VON KOENIGSWALD W. &amp; VON DER HOCHT F." pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="135 - 160" refId="ref33679" refString="MORS T., VON KOENIGSWALD W. &amp; VON DER HOCHT F. 1998. - Rodents (Mammalia) from the Late Pliocene Reuver Clay of Hambach (Lower Rhine Embayment, Germany). Mededelingen Nederlands Instituut voor Toegepaste Geowetenschappen TNO 60: 135 - 160." type="journal article" year="1998">
Mörs
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBFC2ABB4FB1412F9" box="[1163,1210,468,492]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
1998: 137
</bibRefCitation>
, figs 3, 1-3. —
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF85FFECB8F8AB8EFBD71112" author="DAHLMANN T." box="[945,1145,495,519]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref30368" refString="DAHLMANN T. 2001. - Die Kleinsauger der unterpliozanen Fundstelle Wolfersheim in der Wetterau (Mammalia: Lipotyphla, Chiroptera, Rodentia). Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 227: 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="2001">Dahlmann 2001:54</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 9, figs 1-21 (
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB847A86BFCCD1134" box="[782,867,522,545]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">cum syn.</emphasis>
). — García-Alix
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBF5DA86BFBEB1134" box="[1044,1093,521,545]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
2007: 273, fig. 4A-E.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF85FFECB9ECA835FB3E118E" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB9ECA835FBB5117E" blockId="36.[677,1051,595,619]" box="[677,1051,595,619]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">
<collectionCode id="9CCBAE56FF85FFECB9ECA835FC99117F" box="[677,823,596,619]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">
<typeStatus id="25618831FF85FFECB9ECA835FD7B117C" box="[677,725,596,619]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">TYPE</typeStatus>
LOCALITY
</collectionCode>
. — Perpignan,
<collectingCountry id="82CD7603FF85FFECB89BA835FBB8117E" box="[978,1046,596,619]" name="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">France</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB9ECA8E5FB3E118E" blockId="36.[677,1168,643,668]" box="[677,1168,643,668]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">OCCURRENCE IN THE STUDIED LAYERS. — MCC5.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF85FFECB9ECA8D2FB901632" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" type="description">
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB9ECA8D2FCB211F0" blockId="36.[677,1210,691,741]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">REFERRED MATERIAL. — A single isolated M3; a single isolated m1.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB9ECA89CFB8E103A" blockId="36.[674,1210,765,815]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">MEASUREMENTS. — M3: MGPT-PU 128347 (2.84 × 2.64); m1: MGPT-PU 128218 (2.77 × 2.51).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB9ECA933FC9B107F" blockId="36.[675,1210,850,1066]" box="[677,821,850,876]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB9ECA910FD65109E" blockId="36.[675,1210,850,1066]" box="[677,715,881,907]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB9ECA910FD65109E" box="[677,715,881,907]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">M3</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB9ECA9F0FC6D173F" blockId="36.[675,1210,850,1066]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">The anteroloph is well developed and slightly lower than protoloph; protocone located slightly posteriorly with respect to the protoloph-endoloph contact; distal border of endoloph enlarged but not developed into a cusp.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB9ECAE2EFD69177C" blockId="36.[675,1211,1103,1319]" box="[677,711,1103,1129]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB9ECAE2EFD69177C" box="[677,711,1103,1129]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">m1</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB9ECAE0EFB901632" blockId="36.[675,1211,1103,1319]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Rugose surface; protoconid and hypoconid connected by ectolophid on which a marked mesoconid is developed; anterolophid well-developed; metalophid interrupted without connection with metaconid; presence of a small hypoconulid on the posterolophid; hypolophid very short.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF85FFEDB9ECAF2CFDC41244" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFECB9ECAF2CFCA71670" blockId="36.[675,1210,1357,1699]" box="[677,777,1357,1383]" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">REMARKS</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA653693FF85FFEDB9ECAF0CFDC41244" blockId="36.[675,1210,1357,1699]" lastBlockId="37.[111,649,216,1699]" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="458" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">
Large size, sinuous accessory ridges and labyrinthic appearance of the occlusal surface are diagnostic features of the
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECB86BAFCAFB1816D0" authority="(Garcia-Alix et al. 2007)" baseAuthorityName="Garcia-Alix" baseAuthorityYear="2007" box="[802,1206,1451,1477]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Pteromyinae">
Pteromyinae (García-Alix
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECBF73AFCDFBC216D0" box="[1082,1132,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">et al.</emphasis>
2007)
</taxonomicName>
. Within this group, the absence of free mesostylids, presence of hypolophids and absence of metaloph in the M3 suggest that the material from MCC can be assigned to the genus
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECB89BAC4BFD4F1571" authority="Kretzoi, 1962" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1962" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB89BAC4BFBCE1551" box="[978,1120,1578,1604]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Pliopetaurista</emphasis>
Kretzoi, 1962
</taxonomicName>
. This genus was present in the Miocene of Europe with the species
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFECB8FDAC08FC2F15B6" authority="Daxner-Hock, 2004" authorityName="Daxner-Hock" authorityYear="2004" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kollmanni">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB8FDAC08FB171596" box="[948,1209,1641,1667]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Pliopetaurista kollmanni</emphasis>
Daxner-Höck, 2004
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF85FFEDB8C3ACE8FF0513E7" authority="Mein, 1970" authorityName="Mein" authorityYear="1970" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="458" order="Rodentia" pageId="36" pageNumber="457" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bressana">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF85FFECB8C3ACE8FBDD15B6" box="[906,1139,1673,1699]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="457">Pliopetaurista bressana</emphasis>
Mein, 1970
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBBFCAAB9FDE513E6" authority="(Sulimski, 1964)" baseAuthorityName="Sulimski" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[181,587,216,243]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dehneli">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBBFCAAB9FE3F13E7" box="[181,401,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">Pliopetaurista dehneli</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDBAD7AAB9FDED13E6" author="SULIMSKI A." box="[414,579,216,243]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" pagination="149 - 240" refId="ref34990" refString="SULIMSKI A. 1964. - Pliocene Lagomorpha and Rodentia from Weze 1 (Poland). Acta Paleontologica Polonica 9: 149 - 240." type="journal article" year="1964">Sulimski, 1964</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDB91DAAB9FE531207" authority="(Deperet, 1897)" baseAuthorityName="Deperet" baseAuthorityYear="1897" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenica">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDB91DAAB9FEE41204" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">Pliopetaurista pliocaenica</emphasis>
(Depéret, 1897)
</taxonomicName>
, and was also present in Asia during the latest part of the Miocene represented by
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBA5AAB56FDC81244" authority="Qiu, 1991" authorityName="Qiu" authorityYear="1991" box="[275,614,311,337]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rugosa">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBA5AAB56FE441244" box="[275,490,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">Pliopetaurista rugosa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDBAB8AB56FDC81244" author="QIU Z. D." box="[497,614,311,337]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" pagination="223 - 255" refId="ref34018" refString="QIU Z. D. 1991. - The Neogene mammalian faunas of Ertemte and Harr Obo in Inner Mongolia (Nei Mongol), China. 8. Sciuridae (Rodentia). Senckenbergiana Lethaea 71: 223 - 255." type="journal article" year="1991">Qiu, 1991</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF84FFEDBBC1AB36FB001207" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="FA653693FF84FFEDBBC1AB36FEA917DD" blockId="37.[111,649,216,1699]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBBC1AB36FEA01265" authorityName="Daxner-Hock" authorityYear="2004" box="[136,270,342,368]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kollmanni">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBBC1AB36FEA01265" box="[136,270,342,368]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. kollmanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Late Miocene of
<collectingCountry id="82CD7603FF84FFEDB971AB37FD281265" box="[568,646,342,368]" name="Austria" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">Austria</collectingCountry>
differs from the material from MCC in the considerably smaller teeth, less pronounced loph(id)s (except for the metalophid that is more developed in
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBBC4ABB7FEA112FA" authorityName="Daxner-Hock" authorityYear="2004" box="[141,271,469,495]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="kollmanni">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBBC4ABB7FEA112FA" box="[141,271,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. kollmanni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and tubercles. The Middle to Late Miocene species
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBA6CAB97FE3D111A" authorityName="Mein" authorityYear="1970" box="[293,403,501,527]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bressana">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBA6CAB97FE3D111A" box="[293,403,501,527]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. bressana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the material of MCC in having a smaller size, less developed ridges and tubercles, a small anterosinusid and slightly more developed metalophids in the lower molars.
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBA5AA815FEDF1198" authorityName="Qiu" authorityYear="1991" box="[275,369,628,653]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rugosa">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBA5AA815FEDF1198" box="[275,369,628,653]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. rugosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the latest Miocene locality of Ertemnte 2 (
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDBA31A8F2FE4611B8" author="QIU Z. D." box="[376,488,659,685]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" pagination="223 - 255" refId="ref34018" refString="QIU Z. D. 1991. - The Neogene mammalian faunas of Ertemte and Harr Obo in Inner Mongolia (Nei Mongol), China. 8. Sciuridae (Rodentia). Senckenbergiana Lethaea 71: 223 - 255." type="journal article" year="1991">Qiu 1991</bibRefCitation>
) is larger than specimens from MCC. Moreover, the shape of the M3 is quite different in displaying a reduced basin and a thinner endoloph, not enlarged on the distal side. The size of the material from MCC is close to the higher values of
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBA33A952FE4C1059" baseAuthorityName="Sulimski" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[378,482,818,844]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dehneli">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBA33A952FE4C1059" box="[378,482,818,844]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. dehneli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the
<typeStatus id="25618831FF84FFEDB91EA953FD281059" box="[599,646,818,844]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">type</typeStatus>
locality of Węże 1 (
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDBA06A930FE5A1079" author="SULIMSKI A." box="[335,500,849,876]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" pagination="149 - 240" refId="ref34990" refString="SULIMSKI A. 1964. - Pliocene Lagomorpha and Rodentia from Weze 1 (Poland). Acta Paleontologica Polonica 9: 149 - 240." type="journal article" year="1964">Sulimski 1964</bibRefCitation>
) and slightly larger than that from the latest Miocene/earliest Pliocene of
<collectingCountry id="82CD7603FF84FFEDBBB8A9F0FE9110BE" box="[241,319,913,939]" name="Greece" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">Greece</collectingCountry>
, Maramena, (
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDBA9FA9F0FDD010B9" author="DE BRUIJN H." box="[470,638,913,940]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" pagination="87 - 102" refId="ref30730" refString="DE BRUIJN H. 1995. - Sciuridae, Petauristidae and Eomyidae, in SCHMIDT- KITTLER N. (ed.), The vertebrate locality Maramena (Macedonia, Greece) at the Turolian-Ruscinian boundary (Neogene). Munchner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen A 28: 87 - 102." type="journal article" year="1995">de Bruijn 1995</bibRefCitation>
) and Kessani (
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDBBB5A9D1FE4110DE" author="VASILEIADOU K. V. &amp; KONIDARIS G. &amp; KOUFOS G. D." box="[252,495,944,971]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" refId="ref35633" refString="VASILEIADOU K. V., KONIDARIS G. &amp; KOUFOS G. D. 2012. - New data on the micromammlian locali-" type="book" year="2012">
Vasileiadou
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBA37A9D0FE1F10DF" box="[382,433,944,970]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">et al.</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
) and from the Early Pliocene of Hautimagne (Mein 1970). The material from MCC mainly differs from
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDB96DA990FD28171F" baseAuthorityName="Sulimski" baseAuthorityYear="1964" box="[548,646,1008,1034]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dehneli">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDB96DA990FD28171F" box="[548,646,1008,1034]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. dehneli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a less developed metalophid and in the presence of a small hypoconulid. Moreover, the presence of a distal enlargement of the endoloph in the M3 observed in the material from MCC is usually absent in the upper molars of
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDB96BAEEEFEAC17DD" authority="(Mein 1970)" baseAuthorityName="Mein" baseAuthorityYear="1970" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dehneli">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDB96BAEEEFD2817BD" box="[546,646,1166,1192]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. dehneli</emphasis>
(Mein 1970)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA653693FF84FFEDBBC1AEACFB001207" blockId="37.[111,649,216,1699]" lastBlockId="37.[675,1212,216,844]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">
The size of the specimens from MCC agrees with the lower values of the size range of
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBAB0AE8FFD2B1612" baseAuthorityName="Deperet" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[505,645,1261,1287]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenica">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBAB0AE8FFD2B1612" box="[505,645,1261,1287]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. pliocaenica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Pliocene localities of Wölfersheim (Mein 1970), Arquillo 3 (
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDBA78AF4CFDA4165D" author="ADROVER R. &amp; MEIN P. &amp; MOISSENET E." box="[305,522,1325,1352]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" pagination="85 - 106" refId="ref28653" refString="ADROVER R., MEIN P. &amp; MOISSENET E. 1993 b. - Los Sciuridae del Turoliense superior, Rusciniense y Villanyense de la region de Teruel. Paleontologia i Evolucio 26 - 27: 85 - 106." type="journal article" year="1993">
Adrover
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBAC4AF4CFE131652" box="[397,445,1325,1351]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">et al.</emphasis>
1993b
</bibRefCitation>
), and Hambach (
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDBBFAAF2DFEC41673" author="MORS T. &amp; VON KOENIGSWALD W. &amp; VON DER HOCHT F." box="[179,362,1356,1382]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" pagination="135 - 160" refId="ref33679" refString="MORS T., VON KOENIGSWALD W. &amp; VON DER HOCHT F. 1998. - Rodents (Mammalia) from the Late Pliocene Reuver Clay of Hambach (Lower Rhine Embayment, Germany). Mededelingen Nederlands Instituut voor Toegepaste Geowetenschappen TNO 60: 135 - 160." type="journal article" year="1998">
Mörs
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBBBDAF2CFE891673" box="[244,295,1356,1382]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
). The unique M3 assigned to
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBBC7AF0CFEB61693" baseAuthorityName="Deperet" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[142,280,1388,1414]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenica">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBBC7AF0CFEB61693" box="[142,280,1388,1414]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. pliocaenica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the latest Miocene of Purcal 24A (García-Alix
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBA72AFEDFEDC16B3" box="[315,370,1420,1446]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">et al.</emphasis>
2007) is larger than the specimen from MCC.
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBA2DAFCAFD2916D0" baseAuthorityName="Deperet" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[356,647,1451,1477]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenica">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBA2DAFCAFE5D16D0" box="[356,499,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">Pliopetaurista</emphasis>
cf.
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDB95CAFCAFD2916D0" box="[533,647,1451,1477]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">pliocaenica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Early Pleistocene locality of Zamkowa Dolna (
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDBB82AF8AFE4E1510" author="BLACK C. C. &amp; KOWALSKI K." box="[203,480,1515,1541]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" pagination="461 - 486" refId="ref29430" refString="BLACK C. C. &amp; KOWALSKI K. 1974. - The Pliocene and Pleistocene Sciuridae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Poland. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensa 19: 461 - 486." type="journal article" year="1974">Black &amp; Kowalski 1974</bibRefCitation>
) is larger than the material from MCC. The morphology of the specimens from MCC remarkably agrees with that of
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBBC4AC2AFEB91571" baseAuthorityName="Deperet" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[141,279,1610,1636]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenica">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBBC4AC2AFEB91571" box="[141,279,1610,1636]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. pliocaenica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, primarily concerning the scarcely developed metalophid, the small hypoconulid in the single m1and the distal enlargement of the endoloph in the M3. Due to this similarity, the material from MCC is assigned to
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBF54AA99FB061204" baseAuthorityName="Deperet" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[1053,1192,247,273]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenica">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBF54AA99FB061204" box="[1053,1192,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. pliocaenica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2C06518FF84FFEDB9F2AB76FB1C1059" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" type="description">
<paragraph id="FA653693FF84FFEDB9F2AB76FB1C1059" blockId="37.[675,1212,216,844]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">
According to some authors (Mein 1970;
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDBF2AAB76FCED1244" author="BLACK C. C. &amp; KOWALSKI K." pageId="37" pageNumber="458" pagination="461 - 486" refId="ref29430" refString="BLACK C. C. &amp; KOWALSKI K. 1974. - The Pliocene and Pleistocene Sciuridae (Mammalia, Rodentia) from Poland. Acta Zoologica Cracoviensa 19: 461 - 486." type="journal article" year="1974">Black &amp; Kowalski 1974</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDB804AB56FC401247" author="DE BRUIJN H." box="[845,1006,311,338]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" pagination="87 - 102" refId="ref30730" refString="DE BRUIJN H. 1995. - Sciuridae, Petauristidae and Eomyidae, in SCHMIDT- KITTLER N. (ed.), The vertebrate locality Maramena (Macedonia, Greece) at the Turolian-Ruscinian boundary (Neogene). Munchner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen A 28: 87 - 102." type="journal article" year="1995">de Bruijn 1995</bibRefCitation>
) the lineage
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBF3BAB59FC4D1265" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBF3BAB59FD7A1265" authorityName="Mein" authorityYear="1970" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bressana">P. bressana</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDB9A8AB36FCE91265" baseAuthorityName="Mein" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[737,839,342,368]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dehneli">P. dehneli</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDB81FAB36FC4D1265" baseAuthorityName="Deperet" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[854,995,342,368]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenica">P. pliocaenica</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, characterized by a gradual increase in size, can be recognized within the genus
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDB852ABF7FC1E12A5" authorityName="Kretzoi" authorityYear="1962" box="[795,944,406,432]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDB852ABF7FC1E12A5" box="[795,944,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">Pliopetaurista</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The recent findings of
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDB9EEABD7FC9F12DA" baseAuthorityName="Deperet" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[679,817,437,463]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenica">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDB9EEABD7FC9F12DA" box="[679,817,437,463]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. pliocaenica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in some Upper Turolian localities of
<collectingCountry id="82CD7603FF84FFEDB9ECABB4FD4F12FA" box="[677,737,469,495]" name="Spain" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">Spain</collectingCountry>
(García-Alix
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDB83AABB7FC0812FA" box="[883,934,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">et al.</emphasis>
2007), and thus contemporary or even slightly older than
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDBF50AB97FBD3111A" baseAuthorityName="Mein" baseAuthorityYear="1970" box="[1049,1149,501,527]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dehneli">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBF50AB97FBD3111A" box="[1049,1149,501,527]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. dehneli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from eastern Europe (
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDB81AA875FC55113A" author="DE BRUIJN H." box="[851,1019,532,559]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" pagination="87 - 102" refId="ref30730" refString="DE BRUIJN H. 1995. - Sciuridae, Petauristidae and Eomyidae, in SCHMIDT- KITTLER N. (ed.), The vertebrate locality Maramena (Macedonia, Greece) at the Turolian-Ruscinian boundary (Neogene). Munchner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen A 28: 87 - 102." type="journal article" year="1995">de Bruijn 1995</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDBF4CA875FD4E115B" author="VASILEIADOU K. V. &amp; KOUFOS G. D. &amp; SYRIDES G. E." pageId="37" pageNumber="458" pagination="549 - 562" refId="ref35584" refString="VASILEIADOU K. V., KOUFOS G. D. &amp; SYRIDES G. E. 2003. - Silata, a new locality with micromammals from the Miocene / Pliocene boundary of the Chalkidiki peninsula, Macedonia, Greece. Deinsea 10: 549 - 562." type="journal article" year="2003">
Vasileiadou
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDBFCEA874FB14113B" box="[1159,1210,532,558]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">et al.</emphasis>
2003
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9E4B4B62FF84FFEDB9A2A855FC89115B" author="VASILEIADOU K. V. &amp; KONIDARIS G. &amp; KOUFOS G. D." box="[747,807,564,590]" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" refId="ref35633" refString="VASILEIADOU K. V., KONIDARIS G. &amp; KOUFOS G. D. 2012. - New data on the micromammlian locali-" type="book" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
), does not seem to support this view. According to García-Alix
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDB88BA834FC59117B" box="[962,1015,596,622]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">et al.</emphasis>
(2007) the largesized species
<taxonomicName id="3DDA4D10FF84FFEDB87AA815FC6E119B" baseAuthorityName="Deperet" baseAuthorityYear="1897" box="[819,960,628,654]" class="Mammalia" family="Sciuridae" genus="Pliopetaurista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="37" pageNumber="458" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pliocaenica">
<emphasis id="C8AEEA81FF84FFEDB87AA815FC6E119B" box="[819,960,628,654]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="458">P. pliocaenica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
evolved in the Iberian Peninsula and subsequently migrated to central and eastern Europe. The finding from MCC does not disagree with such hypothesis, even though it indicates that the expansion of the geographical range of this species may have occurred before the end of the Miocene, during or suddenly after the MSC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>