469 lines
58 KiB
XML
469 lines
58 KiB
XML
<document id="59AA55BE8CC20A1E809C5D5578A55FFC" ID-CLB-Dataset="53391" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3629.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9bac424f-e31f-4780-a976-f4fe3ba62156" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5261330" ID-ZooBank="FF47F026-9CB6-4390-B900-130A3DF2B33B" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629846035248" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Blank, Stephan M., Shinohara, Akihiko & Altenhofer, Ewald" docDate="2013" docId="72655041410EE9046BCDD075FC8F213D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03629p106.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3629 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3629.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Xyela heldreichii Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer 2013, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="9782EDBB-38EC-49C0-9454-57B0F04EF9BA" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="41" masterDocId="8E5C28394128E92C6B5AD668FFD72266" masterDocTitle="<strong> The Eurasian species of <em> Xyela </ em> (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae): taxonomy, host plants and distribution </ strong>" masterLastPageNumber="106" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1699143387015" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="A84C792396423F80AC73F63877270881"><strong> The Eurasian species of <em> Xyela </ em> (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae): taxonomy, host plants and distribution </ strong></mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="481823C5ACEA7A8FAA61623DFC00C11A">Blank, Stephan M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="FA60055D9BF7D7CDDDF9FBCFBC74F01A" type="email">stephan.blank@senckenberg.de.</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="985E9542CB11ADAF0190595CFD8C7455">Shinohara, Akihiko</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6F62C43A4E801F991FC635B9D1410488">Altenhofer, Ewald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="CF25FA39FDB4FE1A8274A88B5B4F2AB1" type="email">stephan.blank@senckenberg.de.</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date id="9F5158C09A7BA891396F413A72F51A40">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="CDDAEC4D0EA9C0D30DC55BFBD8906715">2013-03-18</mods:number>
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<treatment id="72655041410EE9046BCDD075FC8F213D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6412625" ID-GBIF-Taxon="194443965" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6412625" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9782EDBB-38EC-49C0-9454-57B0F04EF9BA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/72655041410EE9046BCDD075FC8F213D" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC410EE90A6BCDD075FDF42451" box="[151,547,1565,1591]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="FA73E157410EE90A6BCDD075FDF42451" blockId="38.[151,547,1565,1591]" box="[151,547,1565,1591]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<heading id="A13B563B410EE90A6BCDD075FDF42451" bold="true" box="[151,547,1565,1591]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="4">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D45410EE90A6BCDD075FDF42451" bold="true" box="[151,547,1565,1591]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410EE90A6BCDD075FE6F2451" authority="Blank" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[151,440,1565,1591]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heldreichii" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D45410EE90A6BCDD075FEB22451" bold="true" box="[151,357,1565,1591]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Xyela heldreichii</emphasis>
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Blank
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="D38B803E410EE90A6A9FD075FDF42451" box="[453,547,1565,1591]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC410EE90A6BCDD00DFBBF241C" box="[151,1128,1636,1658]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="type_taxon">
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<typeStatus id="25775FF5410EE90A6BCDD00DFF1E241C" box="[151,201,1637,1658]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Type</typeStatus>
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locality:
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<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C7410EE90A6A73D00CFEA4241C" box="[297,371,1636,1658]" name="Greece" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Greece</collectingCountry>
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, Nomos Grevena,
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<collectorName id="57398481410EE90A6975D00CFCC9241C" box="[559,798,1636,1658]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<location id="FF13B78C410EE90A6975D00CFCD1241C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72655041410EE9046BCDD075FC8F213D:FF13B78C410EE90A6975D00CFCD1241C" box="[559,774,1636,1658]" country="Greece" municipality="Mount Blia" name="Pindos National Park" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Pindos National Park</location>
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E
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</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="57398481410EE90A6873D00DFC4D241C" box="[809,922,1637,1658]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Metsovo N</collectorName>
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,
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<collectingMunicipality id="1A177B2D410EE90A68B7D00DFBB3241C" box="[1005,1124,1636,1658]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Mount Blia</collectingMunicipality>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC410EE90A6BCDD0EBFDAF24FE" box="[151,632,1666,1689]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="FA73E157410EE90A6BCDD0EBFDAF24FE" blockId="38.[151,1128,1636,1689]" box="[151,632,1666,1689]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="DADCC679410EE90A6BCDD0EBFDAF24FE" box="[151,632,1666,1689]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<treatmentCitation id="7B6DC746410EE90A6BCDD0EBFE7924FE" author="Csiki, E." box="[151,430,1666,1689]" page="104" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" year="1923">
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<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410EE90A6BCDD0EBFE7924FE" authority=": Csiki 1923: 104" authorityName=": Csiki" authorityPageNumber="104" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,430,1666,1689]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="julii">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D45410EE90A6BCDD0EBFED724FF" box="[151,256,1667,1689]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Xyela julii</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA6410EE90A6A56D0EAFE7924FE" author="Csiki, E." box="[268,430,1666,1688]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="103 - 108" refId="ref67487" refString="Csiki, E. (1923) VIII. Leveldarazsak. Tenthredinoidea. In: Csiki Ern o allattani kutatasai Albaniaban. - Explorationes zoologicae ab E. Csiki in Albania peractae. A Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia Balkan-kutatasainak tudomanyos eredmenyei, 1 [1922], 103 - 108." type="journal article" year="1923">Csiki 1923: 104</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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(misidentification).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC410EE90B6BCDD0ADFBC5276A" lastPageId="39" lastPageNumber="40" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="description">
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<paragraph id="FA73E157410EE90A6BCDD0ADFBF125BF" blockId="38.[151,1436,1733,2009]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
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<emphasis id="C8B83D45410EE90A6BCDD0ADFEF624B8" bold="true" box="[151,289,1733,1758]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Description</emphasis>
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. Female. Color. Head dark brown to black, usually with indistinct stripes on vertex along upper eye margin extending more or less toward facial and genal orbits, sometimes with indistinct spots lateral to postocellar area and on interantennal area. Antennae brown, ventrally a little paler (
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<figureCitation id="62F7FDD2410EE90A6882D165FBF92543" box="[984,1070,1805,1829]" captionStart="FIGURES 42–65" captionStartId="70.[151,263,1742,1765]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1713]" captionTargetId="figure-41@70.[151,1436,193,1721]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURES 42–65. Color pattern of head of Xyela species: X. curva group, X. rasnitsyni group, X. julii group (part). Legend: HT—holotype; NT—neotype; PT—paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261372/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 58</figureCitation>
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). Thorax dorsally brown, rarely with more or less distinct pale pattern on mesonotal lobes and mesoscutellum, tegulae pale and largely brown in middle. Thorax ventrally brown, mesosternum laterally yellow. Abdomen brown, tergum 8 and 9+10 laterally and more or less preapical sterna pale brown to yellow. Valvifer 2 yellow, valvula 3 generally darker, preapically infuscate and pale at tip (
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<figureCitation id="62F7FDD2410EE90A6AE0D1F5FDC925D3" box="[442,542,1949,1973]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–120" captionStartId="74.[151,263,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-34@74.[151,1436,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 105–120. Ovipositor sheaths of Xyela species. All figures at same scale. Legend: HT—holotype; NT—neotype; PT—paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261380/files/figure.png" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Fig. 108</figureCitation>
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). Legs yellow, coxae brown, upper side of femora and lower side of femora 3 more or less darkened. Wings almost clear, venation and pterostigma pale brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA73E157410FE90B6B9DD6FFFE9E2039" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Morphology. Fore wing (3.2–)
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<quantity id="3D344CB2410FE90B6979D6FFFD7922C9" box="[547,686,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.05" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="4.05" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="3.6">3.6–4.5 mm</quantity>
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long, 1.60–1.80 times longer than ovipositor sheath, vein Rs+M 200–330 µm long, 2r-m meeting Rs proximal to furcation of Rs1 and Rs2. Synantennomere 3 (490–)610–860 µm long, antennomere 4 (100–)140–180 µm long and 4.0–5.5 times longer than wide distally. Article 3 of maxillary palp 470–610 µm long, 1.45–1.80 times longer than scape and wider than synantennomere 3. OOL: POL = 1.45–1.85: 1. Ovipositor sheath (2.00–)2,30–2,75 mm long, valvula 3 1.95–2.25 times longer than valvifer 2 and 7.0–8.0 times longer than wide at base (
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<figureCitation id="62F7FDD2410FE90B690BD724FD642302" box="[593,691,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURES 105–120" captionStartId="74.[151,263,1801,1824]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-34@74.[151,1436,193,1780]" captionTargetPageId="74" captionText="FIGURES 105–120. Ovipositor sheaths of Xyela species. All figures at same scale. Legend: HT—holotype; NT—neotype; PT—paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261380/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 108</figureCitation>
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). Valvula 3 of ovipositor compressed, pale membranous area about as long as basal width of valvula 3, dorsal edge of valvula 3 sloping down to round tip, distally with sensilla field exposed and directed caudally, bearing 3 setae. Ovipositor almost straight and compressed. Valvula 1 with aulax terminating distally, ventral edge sloping up to tip, with 15–16 oblique closely spaced annuli in distal quarter, without serrulae, olistether with 6–7 setae. Left and right valvulae 2 fused along dorsal edge in basal half. Valvula 2 with smooth dorsal margin, tapering in distal half, pale and evenly sclerotized, in distal 0.4 with single sensilla campaniformia, in distal 0.1 with 5 oblique annuli. Posterior tibia (0.80–)
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<quantity id="3D344CB2410FE90B6F5AD44CFB7F205D" box="[1024,1192,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="mm" value="1.025" valueMax="1.15" valueMin="0.9">0.90–1.15 mm</quantity>
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long, claws without subapical tooth.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA73E157410FE90B6B9DD404FB9C213A" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Male. Color. Head yellow with black pattern: narrow black stripes along frontal furrows meeting ocellar and postocellar spot, medial spot on frons, kidney-shaped spots on vertex separate from black postocellar area (
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<figureCitation id="62F7FDD2410FE90B6E34D4E7FF6020AA" captionStart="FIGURES 42–65" captionStartId="70.[151,263,1742,1765]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1713]" captionTargetId="figure-41@70.[151,1436,193,1721]" captionTargetPageId="70" captionText="FIGURES 42–65. Color pattern of head of Xyela species: X. curva group, X. rasnitsyni group, X. julii group (part). Legend: HT—holotype; NT—neotype; PT—paratype." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261372/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
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). Antennae pale brown. Thorax dorsally black, pronotum laterally sometimes with brown spot, lateral and more or less anterior mesonotal lobes with yellow, mesoscutellum with yellow spot, tegulae pale and sometimes brown in middle, mesepisternum largely yellow. Abdominal terga dark brown, hypopygium yellow to brown, usually paler than preceding sterna. Legs pale brown, posterior coxae laterally brown and ventrally brown in basal and pale in distal half. Wing membrane almost hyaline, venation and pterostigma pale brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FA73E157410FE90B6B9DD50FFBC5276A" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
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Morphology. Fore wing
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long, Rs+M 210–250 µm long, 2r-m meeting Rs proximal to furcation of Rs1 and Rs2. Synantennomere 3 640–810 µm long, antennomere 4 (130–)160–200 µm long and 4.5–5.5 times longer than wide distally. Article 3 of maxillary palp 440–530 µm long, 1.45–1.65 times longer than scape and wider than synantennomere 3. OOL: POL = 1.55–1.75: 1. Longitudinal apodeme of basiparamere curved, basal portion in lateral position, harpe about as long as wide in lateral view. Lower ergot on valvular stalk absent. Valviceps 1.50–1.55 times longer than wide on medial lobe, with distinct oblique lateral lamella, proximal lobe of penis valve 0.26–0.30 times as long as valviceps and 0.70–0.75 times as high as medial lobe, excision on lower edge 0.18–0.21 as deep as width of medial lobe, valviceps on medial lobe 1.15–1.25 times wider than on distal lobe, 2 distal flagella present, tip of longer flagellum reaching 0.70–0.75 width of distal lobe (
|
||
<figureCitation id="62F7FDD2410FE90B6FE3D2EFFACC26F9" box="[1209,1307,1159,1183]" captionStart="FIGURES 136–145" captionStartId="77.[151,263,1745,1768]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,193,1706]" captionTargetId="figure-41@77.[151,1436,193,1725]" captionTargetPageId="77" captionText="FIGURES 136–145. Penis valves of Xyela species: X. curva group, X. julii group (part). Figs 138–139 and 141 reproduced from Blank et al. (2005)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261388" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261388/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 143</figureCitation>
|
||
). Valviceps with median longitudinal sclerotization present, medial lobe almost symmetric and broad, with 5–9 cone-like sensilla along upper edge and scattered on lateral surface, upper edge between medial and distal lobe with 11–15 setae. Posterior tibia (0.85–)0.90–1.00 mm long, claws without subapical tooth.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC410FE90B6B9DD370FD1427FA" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E157410FE90B6B9DD370FD1427FA" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6B9DD370FEBA2756" bold="true" box="[199,365,1303,1328]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Type material</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4AA4EB0A410FE90B6A21D37FFBA42711" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746410338" collectingDate="2000-05-28" collectionCode="DEI" collectorName="Blank & Kutzscher" country="Greece" county="Mt. Blia" determinerName="S. M. Blank" elevation="1550" latitude="20.9" location="Nomos" longLatPrecision="1266" longitude="21.2" municipality="National" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="25775FF5410FE90B6A21D37FFE342749" box="[379,483,1303,1327]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE410FE90B6AB1D370FDD72749" box="[491,512,1304,1327]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||
: “
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C7410FE90B6943D37FFDB92749" box="[537,622,1303,1327]" name="Greece" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Nom. [
|
||
<location id="FF13B78C410FE90B699CD370FCCB2749" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72655041410EE9046BCDD075FC8F213D:FF13B78C410FE90B699CD370FCCB2749" box="[710,796,1304,1327]" country="Greece" county="Mt. Blia" latitude="20.9" longLatPrecision="1266" longitude="21.2" municipality="National" name="Nomos" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Nomos</location>
|
||
]
|
||
<location id="FF13B78C410FE90B6870D37FFC5B2749" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72655041410EE9046BCDD075FC8F213D:FF13B78C410FE90B6870D37FFC5B2749" box="[810,908,1303,1327]" country="Greece" county="Mt. Blia" latitude="20.9" longLatPrecision="1266" longitude="21.2" municipality="National" name="Grevena" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Grevena</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="FF13B78C410FE90B68CDD37FFBF52749" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72655041410EE9046BCDD075FC8F213D:FF13B78C410FE90B68CDD37FFBF52749" box="[919,1058,1303,1327]" country="Greece" county="Mt. Blia" latitude="20.9" longLatPrecision="1266" longitude="21.2" municipality="National" name="Pindos Natl." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Pindos Natl.</location>
|
||
[National] Park E,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="EBC1F875410FE90B6FA1D370FF692732" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
Metsovo N
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB2410FE90B6EDAD37FFF692732" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="FF13B78C410FE90B6B92D354FEF02732" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72655041410EE9046BCDD075FC8F213D:FF13B78C410FE90B6B92D354FEF02732" box="[200,295,1340,1364]" country="Greece" county="Mt. Blia" latitude="20.9" longLatPrecision="1266" longitude="21.2" municipality="National" name="Mt. Blia" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Mt. Blia</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB2410FE90B6A69D354FE502735" box="[307,391,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="1550.0">
|
||
<elevation id="71E10664410FE90B6A69D354FE502735" box="[307,391,1340,1364]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="1550.0">1550 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
NN, 27.–
|
||
<date id="8E72C797410FE90B6AABD354FDB02732" box="[497,615,1340,1364]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2000-05-28">
|
||
<collectingDate id="9E363E7F410FE90B6AABD354FDB02732" box="[497,615,1340,1364]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2000-05-28">28.5.2000</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9FF88790410FE90B6928D354FD1E2732" box="[626,713,1340,1364]" degrees="20" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="925" value="20.9">20°54N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="9FF88790410FE90B6995D354FCF12732" box="[719,806,1340,1364]" degrees="21" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" precision="925" value="21.2">21°12E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, swept from grass below
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6F1BD355FB282732" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[1089,1279,1340,1364]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6F1BD355FB282732" box="[1089,1279,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Pinus heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, leg.
|
||
<collectorName id="57398481410FE90B6E67D354FA572732" box="[1341,1408,1340,1364]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Blank</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="57398481410FE90B6BCDD337FED92711" box="[151,270,1375,1399]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Kutzscher</collectorName>
|
||
”; [red:] “Holotype ♀
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B695ED308FD12271E" authority="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer, 2013" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[516,709,1376,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heldreichii" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B695ED308FD12271E" box="[516,709,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Xyela heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D38B803E410FE90B6997D308FCF42711" box="[717,803,1376,1399]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" rank="species">spec. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
det.
|
||
<determinerName id="0FAF0D93410FE90B6806D337FC322711" box="[860,997,1375,1399]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">S. M. Blank</determinerName>
|
||
2000”.
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD7992410FE90B6F1BD308FBA42711" box="[1089,1139,1376,1399]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33211" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33211" name="Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">DEI</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4AA4EB0A410FE90B6F25D308FD6827FA" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3746410306" collectionCode="DEI, EJC, HNHM, MKC, MZLS, RSME, WSC, ZSM" country="Greece" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="71" specimenCount-female="63" specimenCount-male="8" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="25775FF5410FE90B6F25D308FB27271E" box="[1151,1264,1376,1400]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE410FE90B6FA1D337FAFB2711" box="[1275,1324,1375,1399]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="female">63♀</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE410FE90B6E6ED337FA802711" box="[1332,1367,1375,1399]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="male">8♂</specimenCount>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD7992410FE90B6E3CD308FA402711" box="[1382,1431,1376,1399]" collectionName="Germany, Muencheberg, Deutsches Entomologisches Institut im ZALF" country="Germany" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33211" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:33211" name="Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Other type of research institution/biorepository">DEI</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD7992410FE90B6BCDD3ECFF1F27FA" box="[151,200,1412,1436]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">EJC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD7992410FE90B6B8ED3ECFEFB27FD" box="[212,300,1412,1435]" collectionName="Hungary, Budapest, Hungarian Natural History Museum" country="Hungary" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34991" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34991" name="Hungarian Natural History Museum (Termeszettudomanyi Muzeum)" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">HNHM</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD7992410FE90B6A6DD3ECFEAD27FA" box="[311,378,1412,1436]" collectionName="Martins Kalnins" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">MKC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD7992410FE90B6ADFD3ECFE0527FA" box="[389,466,1412,1436]" collectionName="Switzerland, Lausanne, Musee Zoologique" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4p9p-7ns0" name="Musee Zoologique" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">MZLS</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD7992410FE90B6A87D3ECFDFB27FA" box="[477,556,1412,1436]" collectionName="United Kingdom, Edinburgh, National Museums of Scotland" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">RSME</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD7992410FE90B6962D3ECFDA027FA" box="[568,631,1412,1436]" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/cnv0-s4bi" name="Westfield State College, Museum and Herbarium" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">WSC</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="9CDD7992410FE90B69D8D3ECFD6827FA" box="[642,703,1412,1436]" collectionName="Germany, Muenchen [= Munich], Zoologische Staatssammlung" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4b7r-7sec" name="Bavarian State Collection of Zoology" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">ZSM</collectionCode>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC410FE90B6B9DD3C0FB9B244A" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E157410FE90B6B9DD3C0FB9B244A" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6B9DD3C0FE9127A6" bold="true" box="[199,326,1448,1472]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
. Like its host plant,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B690AD3C0FCC127A6" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[592,790,1448,1472]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B690AD3C0FCC127A6" box="[592,790,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Pinus heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the new
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B68C3D3C0FBEF27D9" box="[921,1080,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B68C3D3C0FC0E27A6" box="[921,985,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Xyela</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is dedicated to Theodor von Heldreich, who was one of the first modern scientific explorers of the Olympus mountain range, where part of the material of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6A4DD399FE79246E" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[279,430,1520,1544]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6A4DD399FE79246E" box="[279,430,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">X. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was collected. From 1851, when von Heldreich climbed the Olympus first, until his death in 1902, he contributed more to Greek botany than anybody else before (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA6410FE90B689ED07CFB97244A" author="Strid, A." box="[964,1088,1556,1580]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref71825" refString="Strid, A. (1980) Wild flowers of Mount Olympus. Goulandris Natural History Museum, Kifissia, 363 pp." type="book" year="1980">Strid 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC410FE90B6B9DD053FCCC2411" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E157410FE90B6B9DD053FAC42434" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,2015]" box="[199,1299,1594,1619]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6B9DD053FE932435" bold="true" box="[199,324,1595,1619]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="38082FB5410FE90B6B9DD053FF282435" box="[199,255,1595,1619]" country="Afghanistan" name="Khost" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Host</collectingRegion>
|
||
plant
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<superScript id="0DB94C1F410FE90B6A08D052FE8C2424" attach="right" box="[338,347,1594,1602]" fontSize="6" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">●</superScript>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6A01D053FD862434" authority="Chr." authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[347,593,1594,1619]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6A01D053FDCD2435" box="[347,538,1595,1619]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Pinus heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
Chr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(observation of
|
||
<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE410FE90B6853D053FC462434" box="[777,913,1594,1618]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
ovipositing into staminate cones).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E157410FE90B6B9DD036FCCC2411" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,2015]" box="[199,795,1630,1655]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6B9DD036FE302411" bold="true" box="[199,487,1630,1655]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Geographic distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C7410FE90B6AAFD037FD872411" box="[501,592,1631,1655]" name="Albania" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Albania</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C7410FE90B6906D037FD7C2411" box="[604,683,1631,1655]" name="Greece" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="62F7FDD2410FE90B69E0D037FCD92411" box="[698,782,1631,1655]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="38.[151,250,1432,1455]" captionTargetBox="[154,1435,745,1392]" captionTargetId="figure-489@38.[151,1436,745,1400]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIGURE 16. Records of Xyela heldreichii (72 specimens from 7 collection sites) and natural distribution of the host plant, Pinus heldreichii (solid line, according to Willis et al. 1998)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5261354" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5261354/files/figure.png" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2D6B2DC410FE9046B9DD0EBFC8F213D" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E157410FE90B6B9DD0EBFAAB2528" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6B9DD0EBFEE324FD" bold="true" box="[199,308,1667,1691]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6A18D0EBFD5F24FD" box="[322,648,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6A18D0EBFDD424FD" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[322,515,1667,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heldreichii">Xyela heldreichii</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6955D0EBFD5F24FD" authorityName=": Benson" authorityYear="1961" box="[527,648,1667,1691]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">X. obscura</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B69E5D0EBFC9A24FC" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[703,845,1667,1690]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uncinatae">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B69E5D0EBFC9A24FC" box="[703,845,1667,1690]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">X. uncinatae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differ from other Palearctic representatives of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6EDED0EBFF1324D9" authorityName=": Csiki" authorityYear="1923" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="julii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6EDED0EBFF1324D9" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">X. julii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group in their (at least predominantly) dark brown or black head. Female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6F51D0C0FB7424D9" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[1035,1187,1703,1727]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6F51D0C0FB7424D9" box="[1035,1187,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">X. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6EDED0C0FF262485" authorityName=": Benson" authorityYear="1961" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6EDED0C0FF262485" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">X. obscura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6A74D0A3FE682484" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[302,447,1739,1762]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uncinatae">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6A74D0A3FE682484" box="[302,447,1739,1762]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">X. uncinatae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the longer ovipositor and the smaller fore wing: ovipositor ratio, and the brown valvula 3. There are single specimens with a predominantly pale valvula 3, which is not darker than valvifer 2 (possibly not completely colored specimens). In males, the hypopygium is usually paler than the preceding sterna, whereas the sterna are similarly colored in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6922D150FD132529" authorityName=": Csiki" authorityYear="1923" box="[632,708,1847,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="julii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6922D150FD132529" box="[632,708,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">X. julii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6988D150FC9C2529" authorityName=": Benson" authorityYear="1961" box="[722,843,1847,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6988D150FC9C2529" box="[722,843,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">X. obscura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B68D8D150FBD82529" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[898,1039,1848,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uncinatae">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B68D8D150FBD82529" box="[898,1039,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">X. uncinatae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. See also remarks under
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6E73D150FAA22529" authorityName=": Csiki" authorityYear="1923" box="[1321,1397,1847,1871]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="julii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6E73D150FAA22529" box="[1321,1397,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">X. julii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E157410FE90B6B9DD132FD1425DC" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,2015]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
This species has been reported under the name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B6986D133FC872515" authorityName=": Csiki" authorityYear="1923" box="[732,848,1883,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="julii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B6986D133FC872515" box="[732,848,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Xyela julii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA6410FE90B6821D132FBDE2514" author="Csiki, E." box="[891,1033,1882,1906]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="103 - 108" refId="ref67487" refString="Csiki, E. (1923) VIII. Leveldarazsak. Tenthredinoidea. In: Csiki Ern o allattani kutatasai Albaniaban. - Explorationes zoologicae ab E. Csiki in Albania peractae. A Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia Balkan-kutatasainak tudomanyos eredmenyei, 1 [1922], 103 - 108." type="journal article" year="1923">Csiki (1923)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who studied
|
||
<specimenCount id="ECCA2ADE410FE90B6FFCD133FAF82514" box="[1190,1327,1882,1906]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
|
||
collected at “Mts. Gyalicalums” at
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB2410FE90B6AE9D117FDC625F0" box="[435,529,1919,1943]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" unit="m" value="1650.0">1,650 m</quantity>
|
||
. This name corresponds with the Albanian mountain Gjalicë e Lumës, which lies southeast of
|
||
<collectingRegion id="38082FB5410FE90B6A7ED1CAFEBB25DC" box="[292,364,1954,1978]" country="Albania" name="Kukes" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Kukës</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA6410FE90B6A20D1CAFD6025DC" author="Friese, G. & Konigsmann, E." box="[378,695,1954,1978]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="765 - 843" refId="ref68135" refString="Friese, G. & Konigsmann, E. (1962) Ergebnisse der Albanien-Expedition 1961 des Deutschen Entomologischen Institutes. 1. Beitrag. Bericht uber den Verlauf der Reise. Beitrage zur Entomologie, 12 (7 / 8), 765 - 843." type="journal article" year="1962">Friese & Königsmann 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E157410FE9046B9DD1AFFDFA2071" blockId="39.[151,1437,151,2015]" lastBlockId="40.[151,1440,151,860]" lastPageId="40" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
|
||
The larval host plant is without doubt
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD4410FE90B692BD1A0FCE725B9" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[625,816,1991,2015]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D45410FE90B692BD1A0FCE725B9" box="[625,816,1991,2015]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Pinus heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C7410FE90B6806D1AFFC7925B9" box="[860,942,1991,2015]" name="Greece" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
, imagines have been collected several times in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046BE9D6F1FE9122D6" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[179,326,152,176]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046BE9D6F1FE9122D6" box="[179,326,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
woodland either directly from the pine trees or they were swept from the grass below the trees (Mt. Olymp at
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E9046A52D6D4FEBF22B5" box="[264,360,188,212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="2000.0">2,000 m</quantity>
|
||
; Pindos National Park at
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E90469DDD6D4FD3122B5" box="[647,742,188,212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1750.0">1,750 m</quantity>
|
||
; Vasilitsa Ski Resort at
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E90468A8D6D4FB8422B2" box="[1010,1107,188,212]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.83" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1830.0">1,830 m</quantity>
|
||
). On collection sites at lower altitudes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046BA5D689FE43229E" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[255,404,224,248]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046BA5D689FE43229E" box="[255,404,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was growing intermixed with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E90469ADD689FC852291" authorityName="Arn. (Benes" authorityYear="1975" box="[759,850,224,248]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E90469ADD689FC852291" box="[759,850,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Pindos National Park at
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E9046F27D6B7FB092291" box="[1149,1246,223,247]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1550.0">1,550 m</quantity>
|
||
; Mt Smolikas at
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E9046BCDD76CFF2F237A" box="[151,248,260,284]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1500.0">1,500 m</quantity>
|
||
). However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046AD8D76DFE0C237A" authorityName="Arn. (Benes" authorityYear="1975" box="[386,475,261,284]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046AD8D76DFE0C237A" box="[386,475,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be excluded as the host plant for two reasons: 1, their staminate cones were too strongly developed at the time of collecting
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E90469D4D741FCF02326" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[654,807,296,320]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E90469D4D741FCF02326" box="[654,807,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">X. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and the remaining period for a proper development of the larvae would accordingly have been too short; and 2, cones of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046826D725FC032302" authorityName="Arn. (Benes" authorityYear="1975" box="[892,980,333,356]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046826D725FC032302" box="[892,980,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
presented to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046F33D725FAD72302" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[1129,1280,332,356]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046F33D725FAD72302" box="[1129,1280,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">X. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
females were not accepted for oviposition, but cones of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E90469CBD719FCFE23EE" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[657,809,368,392]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E90469CBD719FCFE23EE" box="[657,809,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were. Fully developed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046F1FD718FB5223EE" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[1093,1157,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046F1FD718FB5223EE" box="[1093,1157,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Xyela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae hatched from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046EDDD719FED823CA" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046EDDD719FED823CA" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
cones collected in the Pindos National Park at
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E9046841D7FCFCA023CD" box="[795,887,404,428]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1400.0">1,400 m</quantity>
|
||
and on Mt Smolikas at
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E9046F25D7FCFB0C23CD" box="[1151,1243,404,428]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1500.0">1,500 m</quantity>
|
||
in the year 2000. From these samples no imagines hatched in spring 2001, but living larvae were still present in the rearing jars. Possibly, larvae of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046A2BD7B5FDD02392" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[369,519,476,500]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046A2BD7B5FDD02392" box="[369,519,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
diapause at least two years as is known for the other European subalpine
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046E06D7B4FF3C2071" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046E06D7B4FA4B2392" box="[1372,1436,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Xyela</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046BAFD469FEA1207E" authorityName=": Taeger" authorityYear="1987" box="[245,374,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alpigena">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046BAFD469FEA1207E" box="[245,374,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">X. alpigena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046AF7D469FDF1207E" authorityName=": Benson" authorityYear="1961" box="[429,550,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046AF7D469FDF1207E" box="[429,550,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">X. obscura</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="FA73E1574100E9046B9DD44DFC8F213D" blockId="40.[151,1440,151,860]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046B9DD44DFE50205A" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[199,391,548,572]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046B9DD44DFE50205A" box="[199,391,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Pinus heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(panzer pine, white-bark pine) occurs in the dry and usually rocky upper zone of limestone mountains in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64100E90469A4D42FFBEF2039" author="Friese, G. & Konigsmann, E." box="[766,1080,583,607]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" pagination="765 - 843" refId="ref68135" refString="Friese, G. & Konigsmann, E. (1962) Ergebnisse der Albanien-Expedition 1961 des Deutschen Entomologischen Institutes. 1. Beitrag. Bericht uber den Verlauf der Reise. Beitrage zur Entomologie, 12 (7 / 8), 765 - 843." type="journal article" year="1962">Friese & Königsmann 1962</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Polunin 1988,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64100E9046FBCD42FFAA22039" author="Kindel, K. - H." box="[1254,1397,583,607]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref68972" refString="Kindel, K. - H. (1995) Kiefern in Europa. Bildtafeln und Beschreibungen der in europaischen Waldern, Garten und Parks anzutreffenden einheimischen und fremdlandischen Arten. G. Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena and New York, 204 pp." type="book" year="1995">Kindel 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). A disjunct population is present in southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C74100E90469F4D404FD3620E2" box="[686,737,620,644]" name="Italy" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Italy</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64100E90469AED404FC7820E2" author="Adamovic, L." box="[756,943,620,644]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref65993" refString="Adamovic, L. (1909) Die Vegetationsverhaltnisse der Balkanlander (Mosische Lander) umfassend Serbien, Altserbien, Bulgarien, Ostrumelien, Nordthrakien und Nordmazedonien. In: Engel, A. & Drude, O. (eds) Die Vegetation der Erde. Sammlung Pflanzengeographischer Monographien Nr. XI. W. Engelmann, Leipzig." type="book" year="1909">Adamović 1909</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64100E90468E5D404FB8620E2" author="Kindel, K. - H." box="[959,1105,620,644]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref68972" refString="Kindel, K. - H. (1995) Kiefern in Europa. Bildtafeln und Beschreibungen der in europaischen Waldern, Garten und Parks anzutreffenden einheimischen und fremdlandischen Arten. G. Fischer, Stuttgart, Jena and New York, 204 pp." type="book" year="1995">Kindel 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), but no
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046FE5D404FB2820E2" authorityName="Blank & Shinohara & Altenhofer" authorityYear="2013" box="[1215,1279,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046FE5D404FB2820E2" box="[1215,1279,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Xyela</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
material was available from there. In
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82DBA1C74100E9046AF3D4E7FE2C20C1" box="[425,507,655,679]" name="Greece" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Greece</collectingCountry>
|
||
, single
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046909D4F9FD3020CE" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[595,743,656,680]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046909D4F9FD3020CE" box="[595,743,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
trees are found at ca
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E9046884D4E7FBE920C1" box="[990,1086,655,679]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1000.0">1,000 m</quantity>
|
||
. There and at higher altitude it grows intermixed with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046AFBD4DDFE2C20AA" authorityName="Arn. (Benes" authorityYear="1975" box="[417,507,693,716]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046AFBD4DDFE2C20AA" box="[417,507,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. nigra</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046956D4DDFD7620AA" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[524,673,692,716]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046956D4DDFD7620AA" box="[524,673,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
becoming dominant from ca
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E90468ACD4DCFB8020AD" box="[1014,1111,692,716]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1700.0">1,700 m</quantity>
|
||
. Above
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E9046FEDD4DCFAC220AD" box="[1207,1301,692,716]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="2000.0">2,000 m</quantity>
|
||
it forms an open woodland. Between 2,300 and
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E904696AD4BFFD592089" box="[560,654,727,751]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="2500.0">2,500 m</quantity>
|
||
, the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046999D4B1FC802096" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[707,855,728,752]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046999D4B1FC802096" box="[707,855,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is reduced to krummholz which gradually becomes lower and more scattered (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E5D9CA64100E9046A9AD494FDEB2172" author="Strid, A." box="[448,572,764,788]" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" refId="ref71825" refString="Strid, A. (1980) Wild flowers of Mount Olympus. Goulandris Natural History Museum, Kifissia, 363 pp." type="book" year="1980">Strid 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Within the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E9046996D495FCB72172" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[716,864,764,788]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E9046996D495FCB72172" box="[716,864,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">P. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
zone,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DCC9AD44100E90468F1D495FB942172" authorityName="Chr. (Blank" authorityYear="2002" box="[939,1091,764,788]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heldreichii">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8B83D454100E90468F1D495FB942172" box="[939,1091,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">X. heldreichii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has been collected from
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E9046E07D494FECB2151" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1700.0" valueMax="2000.0" valueMin="1400.0">1,400 to 2,000 m</quantity>
|
||
. It is possibly absent at lower altitudes as no larvae were found in 4 samples of staminate cones collected on the Mt. Olympus range between 900 and
|
||
<quantity id="3D344CB24100E90469AFD52CFC83213D" box="[757,852,836,860]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1300.0">1,300 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |