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<mods:title id="02616C6BD413EC7BA8FA0DFB2E61582E">Petalidium etendekaense (Acanthaceae), a new species from Namibia, with notes on the taxonomic identity of P. glutinosum</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="BB14AA7E3B97F167B359AE9D8371C13A">Swanepoel, Wessel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FD3C500EF767FF376EDB6D55FC8E1011">Manzitto-Tripp, Erin A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0622CD55F4582EC1226A520C0D3CD3F0">University of Colorado, Department of Ecology &amp; Evolutionary Biology, &amp; Museum of Natural History, UCB 350, Boulder, Colorado, 80309 U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E1C831927EA0E44A769D732369CA2C90">Dexter, Kyle G.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA66FFA048D873C2FCBA84CA" authority="Swanepoel, E.Tripp &amp; A.E.van Wyk" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[136,841,1716,1743]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA66FFA048D873C2FE5484CB" bold="true" box="[136,423,1716,1743]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Petalidium etendekaense</emphasis>
Swanepoel, E.Tripp &amp; A.E.van Wyk
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="D3BB9D0DCA66FFA04B0373C3FC5B84CA" box="[851,936,1717,1742]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="62C7E0E1CA66FFA04BE673C2FBEA84CA" box="[950,1049,1716,1742]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStartId-0="3.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionStartId-1="4.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionStartId-2="5.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox-0="[165,1422,216,1924]" captionTargetBox-1="[167,1419,190,1928]" captionTargetBox-2="[152,1436,190,1928]" captionTargetId-0="figure-17@3.[165,1422,187,1925]" captionTargetId-1="figure-17@4.[167,1419,190,1928]" captionTargetId-2="figure-17@5.[152,1436,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionTargetPageId-2="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Petalidium etendekaense. Habitat and habit. A. Several plants (foreground and greyish dwarf shrubs in the background) growing on the gently sloping ground between rocky hills in stony soil derived from Etendeka Group basalt. B. Mature plant (ca. 600 mm high) with very short main stem and greyish appearance. Photographs by W. Swanepoel." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Petalidium etendekaense. Habitat and habit. A. Plant (ca. 350 mm high) with relatively long single main stem, growing among rocks of Etendeka Group basalt. B. Part of fissured greyish white bark on woody stem (ca. 60 mm in diam.) at base of mature plant. C. Plants growing in abundance (right front and low greyish shrublets in background) among rocks of Etendeka Group basalt on a hill slope. Photographs by W. Swanepoel." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Petalidium etendekaense. Morphology of flowers and leaves. A, B, C, D. Flowers in front view, each from a different plant to show variation; note all corolla lobes of a flower being similarly coloured. E. Flower and bracteole in lateral view; note absence of long, simple trichomes on bracteoles. F. Flower with bracteoles, viewed from below. G. Shoot showing leaves with dense white indumentum and persistent bracteoles of spent flowers, some enclosing developing fruit. Scale bar = 3 mm. Photographs by W. Swanepoel." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607090" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607092" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607096" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/10607090/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/10607092/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/10607096/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Figs 13</figureCitation>
)
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</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="C8882076CA66FFA048D87389FEF88511" bold="true" box="[136,267,1791,1813]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Diagnosis:—</emphasis>
A woody shrub up to
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tall, morphologically most similar to
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA66FFA04B257276FBA38511" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Engler" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[885,1104,1792,1813]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosum">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA66FFA04B257276FBA38511" box="[885,1104,1792,1813]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Petalidium glutinosum</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis id="C8882076CA66FFA04CD17276FB038511" box="[1153,1264,1792,1813]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">P. variabile</emphasis>
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, but differing from both in having indumentum on leaves tomentose-strigulose (
<emphasis id="C8882076CA66FFA04B5F7252FCD0853D" box="[783,803,1828,1849]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">vs</emphasis>
. strigulose); corolla lobes ascending-spreading with respect to the corolla tube axis (
<emphasis id="C8882076CA66FFA0493B723EFE8C8559" box="[363,383,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">vs</emphasis>
. patent or upper lobes in line with tube to sub-patent), lobes all similarly coloured (
<emphasis id="C8882076CA66FFA04CFA723EFB4D8559" box="[1194,1214,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">vs</emphasis>
. anterior and sometimes lateral lobes differently coloured or shaded than upper lobes); differing from
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA66FFA04BF3721AFBD58585" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Engler" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[931,1062,1900,1921]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosum">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA66FFA04BF3721AFBD58585" box="[931,1062,1900,1921]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">P. glutinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in absence of long, simple trichomes on bracteoles abaxially; differing from
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA66FFA04A4772E6FD7585A1" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" box="[535,646,1936,1957]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variabile">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA66FFA04A4772E6FD7585A1" box="[535,646,1936,1957]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">P. variabile</emphasis>
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in absence of short geniculate simple trichomes on bracteoles abaxially.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="C8882076CA66FFA048D872C2FF3185CD" bold="true" box="[136,194,1972,1993]" pageId="2" pageNumber="37">Type:</emphasis>
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.
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:
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716, ca.
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south of old homestead, southern tributary to
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, 2014
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,
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,
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,
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(
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!;
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!,
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!)
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.
</paragraph>
<caption id="AE83ACECCA67FFA148D872D6FC2885FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10607090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10607090/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" startId="3.[136,229,1952,1974]" targetBox="[165,1422,216,1924]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA67FFA148D872D6FC2885FA" blockId="3.[136,1451,1952,2046]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA67FFA148D872D6FEF385B1" bold="true" box="[136,256,1952,1974]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA67FFA1495872D6FE0985B1" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[264,506,1952,1973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="38" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA67FFA1495872D6FE0985B1" box="[264,506,1952,1973]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">Petalidium etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Habitat and habit.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA67FFA14A9272D6FD2A85B1" bold="true" box="[706,729,1952,1973]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">A.</emphasis>
Several plants (foreground and greyish dwarf shrubs in the background) growing on the gently sloping ground between rocky hills in stony soil derived from Etendeka Group basalt.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA67FFA14CC772B3FB5D85DE" bold="true" box="[1175,1198,1989,2010]" pageId="3" pageNumber="38">B.</emphasis>
Mature plant (ca. 600 mm high) with very short main stem and greyish appearance. Photographs by W. Swanepoel.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="AE83ACECCA60FFA648D872D6FDEA8A27" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607092" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10607092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10607092/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" startId="4.[136,229,1952,1974]" targetBox="[167,1419,190,1928]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA60FFA648D872D6FDEA8A27" blockId="4.[136,1452,1952,2083]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA60FFA648D872D6FEF385B1" bold="true" box="[136,256,1952,1974]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA60FFA6495872D7FE0985B2" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[264,506,1953,1974]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA60FFA6495872D7FE0985B2" box="[264,506,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Petalidium etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Habitat and habit.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA60FFA64A9172D6FD2A85B1" bold="true" box="[705,729,1952,1973]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">A.</emphasis>
Plant (ca. 350 mm high) with relatively long single main stem, growing among rocks of Etendeka Group basalt.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA60FFA64A4472B3FDD985DE" bold="true" box="[532,554,1989,2010]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">B.</emphasis>
Part of fissured greyish white bark on woody stem (ca. 60 mm in diam.) at base of mature plant.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA60FFA64894729EFF2F85FA" bold="true" box="[196,220,2024,2046]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">C.</emphasis>
Plants growing in abundance (right front and low greyish shrublets in background) among rocks of Etendeka Group basalt on a hill slope. Photographs by W. Swanepoel.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="AE83ACECCA61FFA748D872D6FAB08A26" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607096" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10607096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10607096/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" startId="5.[136,229,1952,1974]" targetBox="[152,1436,190,1928]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA61FFA748D872D6FAB08A26" blockId="5.[136,1452,1952,2082]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA61FFA748D872D6FF0E85B1" bold="true" box="[136,253,1952,1974]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA61FFA7495272D6FE0285B1" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[258,497,1952,1973]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA61FFA7495272D6FE0285B1" box="[258,497,1952,1973]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Petalidium etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Morphology of flowers and leaves.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA61FFA74B1F72D6FC4885B2" bold="true" box="[847,955,1952,1974]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">A, B, C, D.</emphasis>
Flowers in front view, each from a different plant to show variation; note all corolla lobes of a flower being similarly coloured.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA61FFA74B0A72B3FC8285DE" bold="true" box="[858,881,1989,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">E.</emphasis>
Flower and bracteole in lateral view; note absence of long, simple trichomes on bracteoles.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA61FFA74992729FFE2785FA" bold="true" box="[450,468,2025,2046]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">F.</emphasis>
Flower with bracteoles, viewed from below.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA61FFA74BDD729EFC5585FA" bold="true" box="[909,934,2024,2046]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">G.</emphasis>
Shoot showing leaves with dense white indumentum and persistent bracteoles of spent flowers, some enclosing developing fruit. Scale bar = 3 mm. Photographs by W. Swanepoel.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA62FFA448D875E9FB3284EC" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,2057]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
Erect woody shrub to
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA449D875E8FE4582BD" box="[392,438,158,185]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
tall.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA449A375E9FDC782BD" box="[499,564,159,185]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stems</emphasis>
: single main stem up to
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44B0575E8FC4782BD" box="[853,948,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44BAF75E8FBA382BD" box="[1023,1104,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="80.0">80 mm</quantity>
diam. or multi-stemmed from just above ground level, stems up to
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44A7B75B4FD8882D9" box="[555,635,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 mm</quantity>
diam., bark fissured, cream-coloured, greyish white or grey-black; bark on distal stems sometimes peeling in long, thin, narrow strips; young stems quadrangular to terete, indumentum as for leaves, glabrescent; green with cystoliths linear, inconspicuous.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA44BC5747DFC108320" box="[917,995,267,292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Leaves</emphasis>
opposite and decussate; laminae ovate, elliptic, rarely suborbicular, 1237 ×
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, apices acute, rounded or retuse, bases cuneate, rounded or truncate, not or slightly decurrent, flat, subconduplicate or often recurved towards apex and margins, margins entire or slightly undulate, midribs and lateral veins prominent especially adaxially, lateral veins 35 each side; grey to greyish green or green; cystoliths inconspicuous; indumentum initially of sparse, simple geniculate trichomes, few unevenly bifurcate or dendritic and patent, also with scattered stalked glandular trichomes of variable sizes, more robust ones multi-cellular, eventually with additional, dense, shorter simple geniculate trichomes and appearing tomentose-strigulose; petioles up to
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA448F47770FF168025" box="[164,229,518,545]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
long or leaves subsessile.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA44A5A7770FD958024" box="[522,614,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Flowers</emphasis>
in axillary dichasia, inflorescence main axis up to
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long, secondary branches shorter, main axis and secondary branches becoming spiny with age, tapering, apices blunt to sharp; bracts foliaceous, oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic, up to 7.0 ×
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44B497738FC80806D" box="[793,883,590,617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
, apices acute, sessile, indumentum similar to that of leaves; pedicels (below bracteoles) 0.54.0 mm long; bracteoles symmetrically ovate or narrowly ovate, narrowly elliptic or lanceolate, coriaceous, forming prominent bulging on bracteole pair from which corolla limb emerges from one side, apices attenuate, pale green, midrib straight, venation reticulate, slightly prominent, inconspicuous, pale green, glutinous, slightly aromatic owing to the latter secretion, 11.816.1 ×
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44BFC77A8FBC480FD" box="[940,1079,734,761]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.199999999999999" metricValueMax="8.2" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="6.199999999999999" valueMax="8.2" valueMin="4.2">4.28.2 mm</quantity>
, abaxially with scattered stalked glandular trichomes of various sizes, smallest ones subsessile, more robust ones multi-cellular, sometimes in addition sparsely puberulous in places, adaxially with stalked glandular trichomes, strigose towards apex and margins, margins lanate, cystoliths visible adaxially.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA44A40763CFD9A8160" box="[528,617,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Calyces</emphasis>
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44A3F763CFD058161" box="[623,758,842,869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="8.4" metricValueMin="8.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="8.25" valueMax="8.4" valueMin="8.1">8.18.4 mm</quantity>
long including basal tube of
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44C6C763CFB368161" box="[1084,1221,842,869]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.1">1.12.3 mm</quantity>
, adaxially strigulose with few small stalked glandular trichomes, abaxially puberulous with scattered stalked glandular trichomes of varying length; lobes 4, narrowly triangular, acute,
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44A3776E4FD1E81A9" box="[615,749,914,941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="6.25" valueMax="7.3" valueMin="5.2">5.27.3 mm</quantity>
long, anticous lobe indistinctly bifid.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA44CC476E4FB0681A8" box="[1172,1269,914,940]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Corollas</emphasis>
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44CAB76E4FA8781A9" box="[1275,1396,914,941]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="24.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="22.0">2226 mm</quantity>
long with lobes straightened, narrow unexpanded portion cylindrical, sometimes slightly curved towards anterior side, slightly flattened laterally,
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA449E876ACFDBD81F1" box="[440,590,986,1013]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" metricValueMax="1.16" metricValueMin="0.96" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="10.6" valueMax="11.6" valueMin="9.6">9.611.6 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44AC776ACFCEC81F1" box="[663,799,986,1013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="3.05" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.6">2.63.5 mm</quantity>
diam., outside and inside cream-white, expanded portion at slight angle to anterior side of narrow portion,
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44AE47688FCCF861D" box="[692,828,1022,1049]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="7.1" metricValueMin="5.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="6.25" valueMax="7.1" valueMin="5.4">5.47.1 mm</quantity>
long; outside dark brown to almost black, anterior side brown, herringbone pattern prominently transversely 6- or 7-ribbed, cream-brown, traces prominent, pink to carmine; inside dark burgundy, anterior side glabrous, yellow, terminating in two narrowly triangular separate markings (nectar guides) on proximal portion of anterior lobe; outside of expanded portion (including lobes) and anterior side of narrow portion puberulous distally, trichomes bulbous, inside puberulous on area immediately above insertion of filaments up to mouth, otherwise glabrous; lobes ascending-spreading, upper lobes ovate, 5.47.5 × 3.14.0 mm, connate for ca. one-third of their length, not or slightly overlapping, apices emarginate, truncate or rounded, lateral lobes oblongovate, 4.46.2 ×
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44911718CFE3A8711" box="[321,457,1274,1301]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3499999999999996" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="3.3499999999999996" valueMax="3.8" valueMin="2.9">2.93.8 mm</quantity>
, apices truncate, obtuse or retuse, anterior lobe ovate, apex truncate, emarginate or retuse, 5.47.6 × 4.96.0 mm, all lobe margins entire or denticulate towards apex; lobes adaxially dark burgundy towards bases, carmine to pink towards apices, carmine abaxially; anterior lobe with long, stiff, patent, simple, white, eglandular trichomes towards base, other lobes glabrous or with few widely spaced similar trichomes.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA44CE37011FAE38785" box="[1203,1296,1383,1409]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Stamens</emphasis>
didynamous: filaments inserted dorsally in throat, fused portion
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long, free portion tapering towards apex, slightly flattened, with few widely spaced short stalked glandular trichomes, long filaments
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44C6670D8FB4E87CD" box="[1078,1213,1454,1481]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="5.4" valueMax="6.1" valueMin="4.7">4.76.1 mm</quantity>
long, short filaments
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA448D870A4FEFC87E9" box="[136,271,1490,1517]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="2.8">2.83.7 mm</quantity>
long, outer filament decurrent for
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44AC470A4FCE887E9" box="[660,795,1490,1517]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.199999999999999" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="4.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="5.199999999999999" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="4.6">4.65.8 mm</quantity>
(ca. halfway) towards base of tube, puberulous, trichomes bulbous; filament curtain (
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA449EC7081FE098414" box="[444,506,1527,1552]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9E6D8195CA62FFA44A557080FD3A8414" author="Manktelow, M." box="[517,713,1526,1552]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" pagination="129 - 160" refId="ref7014" refString="Manktelow, M. (2000) The filament curtain: a structure important to systematics and pollination biology in the Acanthaceae. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 133 (2): 129 - 160. https: // doi. org / 10.1006 / bojl. 1999.0309" type="journal article" year="2000">Manktelow 2000</bibRefCitation>
) reduced; anthers 2-thecous, thecae elliptic-oblong with minute spurs at base,
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44972736CFE548431" box="[290,423,1562,1589]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.35" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="2.35" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.2">2.22.5 mm</quantity>
long, mauve or pink, with scattered short stalked glandular trichomes.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA44CE6736DFAC58431" box="[1206,1334,1563,1589]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Gynoecium</emphasis>
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44D6B736CFF47845D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.785" metricValueMax="1.8399999999999999" metricValueMin="1.73" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="17.85" valueMax="18.4" valueMin="17.3">17.318.4 mm</quantity>
long; ovary ovoid, laterally compressed, 1.52.1 × 1.51.7 × 1.0
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, situated on fleshy disc, 0.81.0 mm long, glabrous; style filiform,
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA449B77314FD7D8479" box="[487,654,1634,1661]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.55" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="15.5" valueMin="13.5">13.515.5 mm</quantity>
long, with scattered short eglandular trichomes, stigma lobes linear, slightly flattened, subequal, longer lobe 0.51.0 mm long, shorter lobe
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long.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA44C2D73F0FB2A84A4" box="[1149,1241,1670,1696]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Capsule</emphasis>
flattened ellipsoid or ovoid, 7.58.8 × 3.64.6 ×
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, chestnut, glossy, sides slightly rugose or smooth, glabrous.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA44D5B73DCFAB884C0" box="[1291,1355,1706,1732]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Seeds</emphasis>
cordate, 4.14.3 × 3.0
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA4497B73B8FE7084ED" box="[299,387,1742,1769]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="3.4">3.4 mm</quantity>
, surfaces and margins densely covered with white hygroscopic trichomes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA62FFA448ED7384FADE8508" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,2057]" box="[189,1325,1778,1805]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA448ED7384FEAC8508" bold="true" box="[189,351,1778,1804]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Phenology:—</emphasis>
Flowers have been recorded from November to June and fruits from December to July.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2E6AFEFCA62FFA548ED7260FD86840C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA62FFA448ED7260FB258A0C" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,2057]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA448ED7260FDF68534" bold="true" box="[189,517,1814,1840]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Distribution and habitat:—</emphasis>
At present,
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA62FFA44AD77260FC6D8534" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[647,926,1814,1840]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA44AD77260FC6D8534" box="[647,926,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Petalidium etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is known from the area to the northwest, west, and southwest of Bergsig, specifically on the farms Rooiplaat, Wêreldsend, Driefontein, and Krone. Plants have also been recorded further west, extending towards the Skeleton Coast National Park, reaching as far north as the Samanab River (
<figureCitation id="62C7E0E1CA62FFA4488572F4FEE98598" box="[213,282,1922,1948]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1234,1256]" captionTargetBox="[275,1312,190,1210]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[275,1312,190,1210]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Known distribution of Petalidium etendekaense (large black dots), P. variabile (small black dots), and P. glutinosum (open circles): overlap between P. variabile and P. glutinosum depicted as an open circle with central dot. Based on herbarium specimens in Herbs. PRE and WIND." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10607098/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). The species is restricted to soils derived from basaltic rocks of the Etendeka Group (
<bibRefCitation id="9E6D8195CA62FFA44C8772F4FA508598" author="Milner, S. C. &amp; Duncan, A. R. &amp; Ewart, A. &amp; Marsh, J. S." box="[1239,1443,1922,1948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" pagination="5 - 11" refId="ref7122" refString="Milner, S. C., Duncan, A. R., Ewart, A. &amp; Marsh, J. S. (1994) Promotion of the Etendeka Formation to Group status: a new integrated stratigraphy. Communications of the Geological Survey of Namibia 9: 5 - 11." type="journal article" year="1994">
Milner
<emphasis id="C8882076CA62FFA44D7C72F5FA978598" box="[1324,1380,1922,1948]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">et al.</emphasis>
1994
</bibRefCitation>
) and is the dominant woody dwarf shrub found on hillsides, along seasonally dry riverbeds and at the base of rocky outcrops. Its occurrence is documented at elevations of
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44B5172BCFC7C85E1" box="[769,911,1994,2021]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" metricValueMax="10.6" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="720.0" valueMax="1060.0" valueMin="380.0">3801060 m</quantity>
a.s.l., about
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inland from the Atlantic Ocean. The average annual rainfall in the area is less than
<quantity id="3D045181CA62FFA44B457298FC818A0D" box="[789,882,2030,2057]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 mm</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9E6D8195CA62FFA44BD07298FB388A0C" author="Atlas of Namibia Team" box="[896,1227,2030,2057]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" refId="ref6184" refString="Atlas of Namibia Team (2022) Atlas of Namibia: its land, water and life. Namibia Nature Foundation, Windhoek, 390 pp." type="book" year="2022">
Atlas of
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Team 2022
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="AE83ACECCA63FFA548D871A4FE838734" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607098" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10607098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10607098/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" startId="7.[136,229,1234,1256]" targetBox="[275,1312,190,1210]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA63FFA548D871A4FE838734" blockId="7.[136,1452,1234,1328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA548D871A4FF0D86E3" bold="true" box="[136,254,1234,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Known distribution of
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA549B371A4FD2086E3" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[483,723,1234,1255]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA549B371A4FD2086E3" box="[483,723,1234,1255]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Petalidium etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(large black dots),
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA54BC071A5FBF386E3" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" box="[912,1024,1234,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variabile">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54BC071A5FBF386E3" box="[912,1024,1234,1256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">P. variabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(small black dots), and
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA54CBB71A5FA9D86E3" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Engler" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[1259,1390,1234,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosum">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54CBB71A5FA9D86E3" box="[1259,1390,1234,1256]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">P. glutinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(open circles): overlap between
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<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA549D47181FE06870F" box="[388,501,1270,1292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">P. variabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA54A777181FD58870F" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Engler" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[551,683,1270,1292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosum">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54A777181FD58870F" box="[551,683,1270,1292]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">P. glutinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
depicted as an open circle with central dot. Based on herbarium specimens in Herbs. PRE and WIND.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA63FFA548ED7028FD86840C" blockId="7.[136,1452,1374,2085]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA548ED7028FE3C877D" bold="true" box="[189,463,1374,1401]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Conservation status:—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA5499F7028FD16877C" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[463,741,1374,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA5499F7028FD16877C" box="[463,741,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Petalidium etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is likely more common and widespread in suitable habitats than currently documented. It is not considered to be in immediate conservation danger, as it is found in sparsely populated or uninhabited areas and does not seem to be utilised by humans. The estimated extent of occurrence is
<quantity id="3D045181CA63FFA54D5270D1FA9587C7" box="[1282,1382,1447,1475]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" unit="km" value="2000.0">2000 km</quantity>
², with six subpopulations. Since there is no known decline in population size or numbers, it is classified as Least Concern (LC) according to the
<bibRefCitation id="9E6D8195CA63FFA549D17099FDE4840D" author="IUCN &amp; Cambridge, U. K." box="[385,535,1519,1545]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" refId="ref6805" refString="IUCN (2012) IUCN red list categories and criteria: Vers. 3.1. 2 nd edn. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U. K., iv + 32 pp." type="book" year="2012">IUCN (2012)</bibRefCitation>
criteria.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2E6AFEFCA63FFA948ED7365FE5A82D8" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA63FFA548ED7365FD698500" blockId="7.[136,1452,1374,2085]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA548ED7365FE978429" bold="true" box="[189,356,1555,1581]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Etymology:—</emphasis>
The specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA54A157365FD158428" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[581,742,1554,1581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54A017364FD158428" box="[593,742,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
” refers to the Etendeka Tableland landscape (or plateau), which was formed by lava flows (basalts of the Etendeka Group) ca. 132 million years ago due to sea floor spreading and the formation of the South Atlantic. This plateau is a component of a significant igneous province, and its counterpart in
<collectingCountry id="82EBBCF4CA63FFA548D87308FF3F849C" box="[136,204,1662,1688]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Brazil</collectingCountry>
is represented by the
<collectingRegion id="38383286CA63FFA549EB7309FDF4849D" box="[443,519,1663,1689]" country="Brazil" name="Parana" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Paraná</collectingRegion>
basalts (
<bibRefCitation id="9E6D8195CA63FFA54A367308FCA4849D" author="Goudie, A. &amp; Viles, H." box="[614,855,1662,1689]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" refId="ref6761" refString="Goudie, A. &amp; Viles, H. (2015) Landscapes and land forms of Namibia. Springer, Dordrecht, 173 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / 978 - 94 - 017 - 8020 - 9" type="book" year="2015">Goudie &amp; Viles 2015</bibRefCitation>
). The name “Etendeka” is derived from the Otjiherero word for layered or stacked, in reference to the flat-topped mountains that define the landscape (
<bibRefCitation id="9E6D8195CA63FFA54CEB73D5FA5484B9" author="Detay, A. &amp; Detay, M." box="[1211,1447,1699,1725]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" refId="ref6439" refString="Detay, A. &amp; Detay, M. (2017) Geological wonders of Namibia. Struik Nature, Cape Town, 168 pp." type="book" year="2017">Detay &amp; Detay 2017</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9E6D8195CA63FFA548D873B0FE2684E5" author="Atlas of Namibia Team" box="[136,469,1734,1761]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" refId="ref6184" refString="Atlas of Namibia Team (2022) Atlas of Namibia: its land, water and life. Namibia Nature Foundation, Windhoek, 390 pp." type="book" year="2022">
Atlas of
<collectingCountry id="82EBBCF4CA63FFA548BA73B0FEB984E4" box="[234,330,1734,1760]" name="Namibia" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Namibia</collectingCountry>
Team 2022
</bibRefCitation>
). The entire known population of
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA54B0573B0FB9E84E4" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[853,1133,1734,1760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54B0573B0FB9E84E4" box="[853,1133,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Petalidium etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is located in this landscape, growing on soils derived from Etendeka basalt.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA63FFA548ED7279FD198A21" blockId="7.[136,1452,1374,2085]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA548ED7279FED5852D" bold="true" box="[189,294,1807,1833]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Notes:—</emphasis>
Unless the indumentum of the bracteoles is investigated, it is difficult to differentiate among
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA54D607278FEEE8548" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54D607278FEEE8548" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Petalidium etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA5497F7245FE398548" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Engler" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[303,458,1842,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosum">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA5497F7245FE398548" box="[303,458,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">P. glutinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA54A5F7245FD608548" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" box="[527,659,1842,1868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variabile">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54A5F7245FD608548" box="[527,659,1842,1868]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">P. variabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in herbarium material. For example, the specimens
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54CA77245FA8B8548" box="[1271,1400,1842,1869]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Giess 3861</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA548D87221FE748574" box="[136,391,1878,1905]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Giess &amp; Barnard 7960</emphasis>
, both representing
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA54A0F7221FCE38574" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[607,784,1878,1904]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54A0F7221FCE38574" box="[607,784,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">P. etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, were mistakenly cited under
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA54C327221FB118574" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" box="[1122,1250,1878,1904]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variabile">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54C327221FB118574" box="[1122,1250,1878,1904]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">P. variabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54D7F7220FE178590" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA54D7F7220FA588574" box="[1327,1451,1878,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Miridae" genus="Prodromus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Prodromus</taxonomicName>
einer Flora von
<collectingCountry id="82EBBCF4CA63FFA54915720CFE178590" box="[325,484,1914,1940]" name="Namibia" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Südwestafrika</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9E6D8195CA63FFA549A5720DFD768590" author="Meyer, P. G." box="[501,645,1914,1941]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref7100" refString="Meyer, P. G. (1968) Acanthaceae. Prodromus einer Flora von Sudwestafrika 130: 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1968">Meyer 1968</bibRefCitation>
). However, in the field, when in flower,
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA54C0A720DFAFE8590" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[1114,1293,1914,1940]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54C0A720DFAFE8590" box="[1114,1293,1914,1940]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">P. etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily distinguished from the others by the combination of a dark burgundy corolla throat and proximal part of the lobes, contrasting with the carmine to pink distal part of the lobes (
<figureCitation id="62C7E0E1CA63FFA54B7472B4FC9985D9" box="[804,874,1986,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="9.[136,229,1900,1922]" captionTargetBox="[184,1403,190,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[184,1403,190,1876]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 5. Petalidium glutinosum (= P. pilosibracteolatum), flower and leaf morphology. A. Shoot showing leaves with dense white indumentum and a flower in front view. B. Leafy shoot showing flowers (one faded) and bracteoles in lateral view; note long, simple trichomes on bracteoles. C, D. Flowers from different plants in front view; front corolla lobe being differently coloured than the others. E. Flower and bracteoles in lateral view; note long, simple trichomes on bracteoles. Scale bar = 3 mm. Photographs by W. Swanepoel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10607100/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Figs 5</figureCitation>
&amp;
<figureCitation id="62C7E0E1CA63FFA54BDC72B4FC6F85D8" box="[908,924,1986,2012]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="10.[136,229,1348,1370]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,190,1324]" captionTargetId="figure-17@10.[151,1436,190,1324]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 6. Petalidium variabile, flower and leaf morphology. A. Shoot showing leaf with dense white indumentum and open flower. B, C. Flowers of different plants in front view; note front corolla lobe being differently coloured than the others. Scale bar = 3 mm. Photographs by W. Swanepoel." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10607102/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">6</figureCitation>
). Additionally, it has an ovate anterior lobe that is longer than wide and the lobes exhibit an ascending-spreading orientation.
<tableCitation id="B77EC9DFCA63FFA54BAE7290FBA18A05" box="[1022,1106,2022,2049]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[136,224,159,183]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 1. Prominent morphological differences among Petalidium etendekaense, P. glutinosum, and P. variabile." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/AE83ACECCA6CFFAA48D875E9FAB982B3" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" tableUuid="AE83ACECCA6CFFAA48D875E9FAB982B3">Table 1</tableCitation>
provides some morphological features to differentiate
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA549C47D7DFDD88A20" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Engler" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[404,555,2058,2084]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosum">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA549C47D7DFDD88A20" box="[404,555,2058,2084]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">P. glutinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA63FFA54A327D7DFD108A20" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" box="[610,739,2058,2084]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variabile">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA63FFA54A327D7DFD108A20" box="[610,739,2058,2084]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">P. variabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="AE83ACECCA6CFFAA48D875E9FAB982B3" ID-Table-UUID="AE83ACECCA6CFFAA48D875E9FAB982B3" box="[136,1354,159,184]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/AE83ACECCA6CFFAA48D875E9FAB982B3" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" startId="8.[136,224,159,183]" targetBox="[144,1440,199,2042]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="8" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA6CFFAA48D875E9FAB982B3" blockId="8.[136,1354,159,184]" box="[136,1354,159,184]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48D875E9FF0882B3" bold="true" box="[136,251,159,183]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Prominent morphological differences among
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6CFFAA4AB675E9FC1C82B3" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[742,1007,159,183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA4AB675E9FC1C82B3" box="[742,1007,159,183]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Petalidium etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6CFFAA4BAD75D6FB7D82B3" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Engler" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[1021,1166,159,183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosum">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA4BAD75D6FB7D82B3" box="[1021,1166,159,183]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">P. glutinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6CFFAA4C9875D6FAB582B3" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" box="[1224,1350,159,183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variabile">P. variabile</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA6CFFAA48C075BEFAD385EC" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<table id="88FC0EC4CA6C005D48C075B1FA5385FE" box="[144,1440,199,2042]" gridcols="4" gridrows="16" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C075B1FA5382DA" box="[144,1440,199,222]" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C075B1FE2682DA" box="[144,469,199,222]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C075BEFF0A82DA" bold="true" box="[144,249,200,222]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Character</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D49B975B1FCD982DA" box="[489,810,199,222]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6CFFAA49B975BEFD7782D9" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[489,644,199,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA49B975BEFD7782D9" bold="true" box="[489,644,199,221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">P. etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D4B6975B1FB9282DA" box="[825,1121,199,222]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6CFFAA4B6975BEFC3282D9" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Engler" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[825,961,199,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosum">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA4B6975BEFC3282D9" bold="true" box="[825,961,199,221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">P. glutinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D4C2475B1FA5382DA" box="[1140,1440,199,222]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6CFFAA4C2475BEFB1182D9" authority="Indumentum" authorityName="Indumentum" box="[1140,1250,199,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variabile">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA4C2475BEFB1182D9" bold="true" box="[1140,1250,199,221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">P. variabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C07587FA538393" box="[144,1440,241,407]" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C07587FE268393" box="[144,469,241,407]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C0744FFE3C834A" bold="true" box="[144,463,312,334]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Indumentum (vegetative parts)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B97587FCD98393" box="[489,810,241,407]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Tomentose-strigulose: usually few trichomes unevenly bifurcate or dendritic; scattered stalked glandular trichomes of various sizes in addition</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B697587FB928393" box="[825,1121,241,407]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Densely strigulose; often with scattered short stalked glandular trichomes ca. of uniform size in addition</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C247587FA538393" box="[1140,1440,241,407]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Densely strigulose; often with scattered short stalked glandular trichomes ca. of uniform size in addition</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C074DDFA538029" box="[144,1440,427,557]" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C074DDFE268029" box="[144,469,427,557]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C074B9FF28800C" bold="true" box="[144,224,463,520]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Lamina (shape)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B974DDFCD98029" box="[489,810,427,557]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Ovate or elliptic, rarely suborbicular</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B6974DDFB928029" box="[825,1121,427,557]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Narrowly ovate, ovate or elliptic</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C2474DDFA538029" box="[1140,1440,427,557]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
Narrowly ovate, elliptic, lanceolate
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA4C8B74A6FAE383E1" box="[1243,1296,464,485]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">sensu</emphasis>
Lindley (
<bibRefCitation id="9E6D8195CA6CFFAA4C2A7485FAD0800C" author="Beentje, H." box="[1146,1315,499,521]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" refId="ref6211" refString="Beentje, H. (2016) The Kew plant glossary: an illustrated dictionary of plant terms, 2 nd ed. Kew Publishing, Kew, 184 pp." type="book" year="2016">Beentje 2016: 73</bibRefCitation>
), lanceolate, oblanceolate or obovate
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C07737FA5380C7" box="[144,1440,577,707]" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C07737FE2680C7" box="[144,469,577,707]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C07701FED28089" bold="true" box="[144,289,631,653]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Inflorescences</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B97737FCD980C7" box="[489,810,577,707]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Axis and lateral branches becoming spiny with age; spines tapering, with a sharp or blunt tip</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B697737FB9280C7" box="[825,1121,577,707]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Axis not spiny, or becoming spiny with age; spines needle-like with a blunt tip or spines tapering</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C247737FA5380C7" box="[1140,1440,577,707]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Axis not spiny, or becoming spiny with age; spines needle-like with a blunt tip</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C077AEFA538116" box="[144,1440,728,786]" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C077AEFE268116" box="[144,469,728,786]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C0779CFED080FB" bold="true" box="[144,291,745,767]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Bracts (shape)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B977AEFCD98116" box="[489,810,728,786]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B6977AEFB928116" box="[825,1121,728,786]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
Oblanceolate or lanceolate (
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA4B11778AFC858115" box="[833,886,764,785]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">sensu</emphasis>
Lindley)
</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C2477AEFA538116" box="[1140,1440,728,786]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
Oblanceolate or lanceolate (
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA4C2C778AFB428115" box="[1148,1201,764,785]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">sensu</emphasis>
Lindley)
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C07650FA538180" box="[144,1440,806,900]" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C07650FE268180" box="[144,469,806,900]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C0764EFEFD8176" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Bracteoles (shape &amp; reticulation)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B97650FCD98180" box="[489,810,806,900]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Narrowly ovate or ovate, narrowly elliptic or lanceolate; laterally compressed or not</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B697650FB928180" box="[825,1121,806,900]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Narrowly ovate or ovate; laterally compressed or not</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C247650FA538180" box="[1140,1440,806,900]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Elliptic-oblong (laterally compressed) or narrowly ovate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C076EEFA538666" box="[144,1440,920,1122]" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C076EEFE268666" box="[144,469,920,1122]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C07696FF06861E" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Bracteoles (indumentum, abaxially)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B976EEFCD98666" box="[489,810,920,1122]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Scattered stalked glandular trichomes of various sizes; sometimes sparsely puberulous in places</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B6976EEFB928666" box="[825,1121,920,1122]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Scattered stalked glandular trichomes of various sizes, usually interspersed with long simple irregular trichomes (appearing villose), sometimes sparsely strigulose</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C2476EEFA538666" box="[1140,1440,920,1122]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Densely strigulose (similar to leaves); often interspersed with short stalked glandular trichomes of ca. uniform size, rarely with widely spaced long simple trichomes in addition</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C07100FA5386B4" box="[144,1440,1142,1200]" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C07100FE2686B4" box="[144,469,1142,1200]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C07100FEA586B4" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Corolla (length with lobes straightened) (mm)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B97100FCD986B4" box="[489,810,1142,1200]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">2226</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B697100FB9286B4" box="[825,1121,1142,1200]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">2226</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C247100FA5386B4" box="[1140,1440,1142,1200]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">1621</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C071B2FA5386FA" box="[144,1440,1220,1278]" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C071B2FE2686FA" box="[144,469,1220,1278]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C071B2FE4E86FA" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
Corolla (ratio length of expanded
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48A8719FFEFF86FA" bold="true" box="[248,268,1257,1278]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">vs</emphasis>
. narrow portion)
</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B971B2FCD986FA" box="[489,810,1220,1278]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">1:1.51.8</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B6971B2FB9286FA" box="[825,1121,1220,1278]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">1:1.01.5</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C2471B2FA5386FA" box="[1140,1440,1220,1278]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">1:1.52.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C07065FA538775" box="[144,1440,1299,1393]" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C07065FE268775" box="[144,469,1299,1393]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C07040FE6D8748" bold="true" box="[144,414,1334,1356]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Corolla (lobes orientation)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B97065FCD98775" box="[489,810,1299,1393]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Ascending spreading</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B697065FB928775" box="[825,1121,1299,1393]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Upper lobes in line with tube to sub-patent or ascending-spreading, other lobes patent</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C247065FA538775" box="[1140,1440,1299,1393]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Upper lobes in line with tube to sub-patent or ascending-spreading, other lobes patent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C070F3FA5387E7" box="[144,1440,1413,1507]" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C070F3FE2687E7" box="[144,469,1413,1507]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C070DFFE5987BA" bold="true" box="[144,426,1448,1471]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Corolla upper lobes (shape)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B970F3FCD987E7" box="[489,810,1413,1507]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Ovate; connate for a third of the length</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B6970F3FB9287E7" box="[825,1121,1413,1507]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Oblong-ovate; connate for a third to half the length</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C2470F3FA5387E7" box="[1140,1440,1413,1507]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Narrowly ovate, to oblong-elliptic; connate for a third to half the length</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C07081FA538409" box="[144,1440,1527,1549]" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C07081FE268409" box="[144,469,1527,1549]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C07081FE438409" bold="true" box="[144,432,1527,1549]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Corolla lateral lobes (shape)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B97081FCD98409" box="[489,810,1527,1549]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Oblong-ovate</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B697081FB928409" box="[825,1121,1527,1549]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Oblong-ovate</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C247081FA538409" box="[1140,1440,1527,1549]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Obovate or elliptic</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C07354FA538484" box="[144,1440,1570,1664]" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C07354FE268484" box="[144,469,1570,1664]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C07333FE4B845F" bold="true" box="[144,440,1605,1627]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Corolla anterior lobe (shape)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B97354FCD98484" box="[489,810,1570,1664]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Ovate, longer than broad</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B697354FB928484" box="[825,1121,1570,1664]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Broadly obovate, suborbicular or spathulate, broader than long</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C247354FA538484" box="[1140,1440,1570,1664]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Broadly obovate or suborbicular, broader than long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C073E5FA5384C9" box="[144,1440,1683,1741]" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C073E5FE2684C9" box="[144,469,1683,1741]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C073E5FE5884C9" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
Corolla ratio anterior lobe
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA49F473E2FE4D84AD" bold="true" box="[420,446,1684,1705]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">vs.</emphasis>
lateral lobes (width at base)
</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B973E5FCD984C9" box="[489,810,1683,1741]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">1.01.5:1</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B6973E5FB9284C9" box="[825,1121,1683,1741]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">ca. 2:1</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C2473E5FA5384C9" box="[1140,1440,1683,1741]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">ca. 2:1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C07394FA538518" box="[144,1440,1762,1820]" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C07394FE268518" box="[144,469,1762,1820]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C07382FE26850D" bold="true" box="[144,469,1779,1802]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Corolla (lobes colour, adaxially)</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B97394FCD98518" box="[489,810,1762,1820]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">All lobes similarly coloured</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B697394FB928518" box="[825,1121,1762,1820]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Front lobes differently coloured or shaded than others</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C247394FA538518" box="[1140,1440,1762,1820]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Front lobes differently coloured or shaded than others</td>
</tr>
<tr id="44CCFE26CA6C005D48C07246FA5385FE" box="[144,1440,1840,2042]" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<th id="071D975ACA6C005D48C07246FE2685FE" box="[144,469,1840,2042]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6CFFAA48C072FCFEFE85A4" bold="true" box="[144,269,1930,1952]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Distribution</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D49B97246FCD985FE" box="[489,810,1840,2042]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Namibia: northwest and west of Bergsig to the Skeleton Coast National Park and the Samanab River. Southwest and south of Bergsig to the northern side of the lower Huab River Valley.</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4B697246FB9285FE" box="[825,1121,1840,2042]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Namibia: from the Bergsig area southwards towards the Swakop River drainage area.</td>
<td id="071D975ACA6C005D4C247246FA5385FE" box="[1140,1440,1840,2042]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Namibia: from the lower Huab River southwards to west central Namibia and in northern Namibia near Otavi and Grootfontein.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<caption id="AE83ACECCA6DFFAB48D8721AFA8585EA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607100" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10607100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10607100/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" startId="9.[136,229,1900,1922]" targetBox="[184,1403,190,1875]" targetPageId="9" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA6DFFAB48D8721AFA8585EA" blockId="9.[136,1452,1900,2030]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6DFFAB48D8721AFF0C8586" bold="true" box="[136,255,1900,1922]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6DFFAB4957721AFE108585" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Engler" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[263,483,1900,1921]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosum">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6DFFAB4957721AFE108585" box="[263,483,1900,1921]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Petalidium glutinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(=
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6DFFAB4A58721BFD258585" box="[520,726,1900,1922]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosibracteolatum">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6DFFAB4A58721BFD258585" box="[520,726,1900,1922]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">P. pilosibracteolatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), flower and leaf morphology.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6DFFAB4C5A721AFBD28585" bold="true" box="[1034,1057,1900,1921]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">A.</emphasis>
Shoot showing leaves with dense white indumentum and a flower in front view.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6DFFAB4A4972E7FDDC85A2" bold="true" box="[537,559,1937,1958]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">B.</emphasis>
Leafy shoot showing flowers (one faded) and bracteoles in lateral view; note long, simple trichomes on bracteoles.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6DFFAB492672C2FE5885CE" bold="true" box="[374,427,1972,1994]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">C, D.</emphasis>
Flowers from different plants in front view; front corolla lobe being differently coloured than the others.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6DFFAB4DC572C3FA5F85CE" bold="true" box="[1429,1452,1973,1994]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">E.</emphasis>
Flower and bracteoles in lateral view; note long, simple trichomes on bracteoles. Scale bar = 3 mm. Photographs by W. Swanepoel.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="AE83ACECCA6EFFA848D87032FE4687A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607102" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10607102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10607102/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" startId="10.[136,229,1348,1370]" targetBox="[151,1436,190,1324]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA6EFFA848D87032FE4687A6" blockId="10.[136,1453,1348,1442]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA848D87032FF0C875D" bold="true" box="[136,255,1348,1370]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6EFFA849567032FE3D875D" box="[262,462,1348,1369]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variabile">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA849567032FE3D875D" box="[262,462,1348,1369]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Petalidium variabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, flower and leaf morphology.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84AA87032FCE3875D" bold="true" box="[760,784,1348,1369]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">A.</emphasis>
Shoot showing leaf with dense white indumentum and open flower.
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA848D8701FFF4D877A" bold="true" box="[136,190,1384,1406]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">B, C.</emphasis>
Flowers of different plants in front view; note front corolla lobe being differently coloured than the others. Scale bar = 3 mm. Photographs by W. Swanepoel.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA6EFFA848ED70A7FCB08453" blockId="10.[136,1452,1489,2091]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
The distribution range of the new species slightly overlaps with that of
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6EFFA84B9E70A4FB9687EF" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Engler" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[974,1125,1489,1515]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosum">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84B9E70A4FB9687EF" box="[974,1125,1489,1515]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">P. glutinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Springbok River to the west of Bergsig (
<figureCitation id="62C7E0E1CA6EFFA849167083FE78840B" box="[326,395,1525,1551]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1234,1256]" captionTargetBox="[275,1312,190,1210]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[275,1312,190,1210]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Known distribution of Petalidium etendekaense (large black dots), P. variabile (small black dots), and P. glutinosum (open circles): overlap between P. variabile and P. glutinosum depicted as an open circle with central dot. Based on herbarium specimens in Herbs. PRE and WIND." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10607098/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Although
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6EFFA84A5F7080FD4C840B" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[527,703,1525,1551]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84A5F7080FD4C840B" box="[527,703,1525,1551]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">P. etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been collected within ca.
<quantity id="3D045181CA6EFFA84C5F7083FBA5840B" box="[1039,1110,1525,1552]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="15.0">15 km</quantity>
from
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6EFFA84CCA7080FAC2840B" authorityName="Clarke" authorityYear="1899" baseAuthorityName="Engler" baseAuthorityYear="1888" box="[1178,1329,1525,1551]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosum">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84CCA7080FAC2840B" box="[1178,1329,1525,1551]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">P. glutinosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, they have not been recorded to occur sympatrically to date.
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6EFFA84A90736FFC5A8437" box="[704,937,1561,1587]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="variabile">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84A90736FFC5A8437" box="[704,937,1561,1587]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Petalidium variabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs to the south of
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6EFFA84CE3736CFA968437" authorityName="Swanepoel, E. Tripp &amp; A. E. van Wyk" authorityYear="2024" box="[1203,1381,1561,1587]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="etendekaense">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84CE3736CFA968437" box="[1203,1381,1561,1587]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">P. etendekaense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from south of the Huab River and Sorris-Sorris southwards (
<figureCitation id="62C7E0E1CA6EFFA84AA1734BFCC58453" box="[753,822,1597,1623]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[136,229,1234,1256]" captionTargetBox="[275,1312,190,1210]" captionTargetId="figure-17@7.[275,1312,190,1210]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Known distribution of Petalidium etendekaense (large black dots), P. variabile (small black dots), and P. glutinosum (open circles): overlap between P. variabile and P. glutinosum depicted as an open circle with central dot. Based on herbarium specimens in Herbs. PRE and WIND." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10607098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10607098/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA6EFFA848ED7317FB5F84C7" blockId="10.[136,1452,1489,2091]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
All the mentioned taxa are from the group of plants with irregular, four-parted calyces (
<bibRefCitation id="9E6D8195CA6EFFA84CD77317FAB9847F" author="Obermeijer, A. A." box="[1159,1354,1633,1659]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" pagination="151 - 162" refId="ref7259" refString="Obermeijer, A. A. (1936) The South African species of Petalidium. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 18: 151 - 162." type="journal article" year="1936">Obermeijer 1936</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="9E6D8195CA6EFFA84D037317FF1A849B" author="Tripp, E. A. &amp; Tsai, Y. E. &amp; Zhuang, Y. &amp; Dexter, K. G." pageId="10" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref7737" refString="Tripp, E. A., Tsai, Y. E., Zhuang, Y. &amp; Dexter, K. G. (2017) RADseq dataset with 90 % missing data fully resolves recent radiation of Petalidium (Acanthaceae) in the ultra-arid deserts of Namibia. Ecology and Evolution 7 (19): 1 - 17. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / ece 3.3274" type="journal article" year="2017">
Tripp
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84DC77314FF6D849B" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">et al</emphasis>
. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
). This is also the clade that shows the highest rates of net species diversification in
<taxonomicName id="3DFC87E7CA6EFFA84CC173F3FAFF849B" authorityName="Nees von Esenbeck" authorityYear="1832" box="[1169,1292,1669,1695]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Petalidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84CC173F3FAFF849B" box="[1169,1292,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Petalidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and occupies the most arid areas within the geographic distribution of the entire genus (
<bibRefCitation id="9E6D8195CA6EFFA84B9373DFFB5284C7" author="Loiseau, O. &amp; Manzitto-Tripp, E. A. &amp; Swanepoel, W. &amp; Dexter, K. G." box="[963,1185,1705,1731]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" pagination="1 - 10" refId="ref6943" refString="Loiseau, O., Manzitto-Tripp, E. A., Swanepoel, W. &amp; Dexter, K. G. (2023) Net diversification rates of the woody plant genus Petalidium (Acanthaceae) are highest in the ancient and arid Namib Desert. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution 11: 1 - 10. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / fevo. 2023.1193728" type="journal article" year="2023">
Loiseau
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84C7573DCFBAE84C7" box="[1061,1117,1705,1731]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">et al.</emphasis>
2023
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA43FC64CA6EFFA948ED73BBFE5A82D8" blockId="10.[136,1452,1489,2091]" lastBlockId="11.[136,1451,158,220]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<materialsCitation id="4A94F639CA6EFFA848ED73BBFC5B850F" collectingDate="2019-07-15" collectingDateMax="2019-07-15" collectingDateMin="1961-11-12" collectionCode="WIND" collectorName="Swanepoel" country="Namibia" elevation="385" location="Samanab River" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kunene Region" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA848ED73BBFD0584E2" bold="true" box="[189,758,1740,1767]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
Additional specimens examined (
<typeStatus id="254742C6CA6EFFA84A0073BAFD3F84E2" box="[592,716,1740,1766]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
):—
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="82EBBCF4CA6EFFA84AA673BBFC8784E3" box="[758,884,1741,1767]" name="Namibia" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">NAMIBIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="38383286CA6EFFA84BD273BBFBC884E3" box="[898,1083,1741,1767]" country="Namibia" name="Kunene" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Kunene Region</collectingRegion>
:—1913:
<location id="FF23AABFCA6EFFA84CF273BBFAA084E3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72554D72CA66FFA948D873C2FE5A82D8:FF23AABFCA6EFFA84CF273BBFAA084E3" box="[1186,1363,1741,1767]" country="Namibia" name="Samanab River" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" stateProvince="Kunene Region">Samanab River</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="EBF1E546CA6EFFA84D3173BBFECB850F" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<quantity id="3D045181CA6EFFA84D3173BBFA5F84E3" box="[1377,1452,1741,1767]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
from dune field
</locationDeviation>
, (CD),
<quantity id="3D045181CA6EFFA849C97387FE11850F" box="[409,482,1777,1804]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="385.0">
<elevation id="71D11B57CA6EFFA849C97387FE11850F" box="[409,482,1777,1804]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="385.0">385 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="8E42DAA4CA6EFFA849BD7387FD73850F" box="[493,640,1777,1804]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="2019-07-15">
<collectingDate id="9E06234CCA6EFFA849BD7387FD73850F" box="[493,640,1777,1804]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="2019-07-15">15 July 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84ADB7387FCC6850F" box="[651,821,1777,1803]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6EFFA84ADB7387FCF7850F" box="[651,772,1777,1803]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Swanepoel</collectorName>
630
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6EFFA84B147387FC6A850F" box="[836,921,1777,1803]" collectionName="WIND" country="Namibia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" name="National Botanical Research Institute" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="Herbarium">WIND</collectionCode>
!).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="4A94F639CA6EFFA84BF77387FB31852B" collectingDate="1961-11-12" collectingDateMax="2019-07-15" collectingDateMin="1961-11-12" collectionCode="PRE, WIND" collectorName="Giess" country="Namibia" elevation="385" location="Samanab River" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kunene">
—2013: Farm Wêreldend [Wêreldsend], etwa 1 meile w. des Hauses in kleinen Rivier, (BB),
<date id="8E42DAA4CA6EFFA84AF37263FC8E852B" box="[675,893,1813,1839]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="1961-11-12">
<collectingDate id="9E06234CCA6EFFA84AF37263FC8E852B" box="[675,893,1813,1839]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="1961-11-12">12 November 1961</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84BD87263FBF6852B" box="[904,1029,1813,1839]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6EFFA84BD87263FC35852B" box="[904,966,1813,1839]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Giess</collectorName>
3861
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6EFFA84C457263FBA2852B" box="[1045,1105,1813,1839]" collectionName="PRE" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15547" name="South African National Biodiversity Institute (SANBI)" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="Herbarium">PRE</collectionCode>
!,
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6EFFA84C307263FB45852B" box="[1120,1206,1813,1839]" collectionName="WIND" country="Namibia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" name="National Botanical Research Institute" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="Herbarium">WIND</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4A94F639CA6EFFA84C9D7263FBC88557" collectingDate="1964-04-14" collectionCode="WIND" collectorName="Giess &amp; Barnard" country="Namibia" location="Grob Geroellsenke" municipality="Farm Rooiplaat" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" specimenCode="OU 710" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="1A27661ECA6EFFA84C9D7263FA8F852B" box="[1229,1404,1813,1839]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Farm Rooiplaat</collectingMunicipality>
<specimenCode id="AA5A541FCA6EFFA84DD37263FF468557" collectionCode="OU" country="New Zealand" name="Fossil Catalgoue in the Geology Museum" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">OU 710</specimenCode>
, in
<location id="FF23AABFCA6EFFA8488F724FFE4B8557" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72554D72CA66FFA948D873C2FE5A82D8:FF23AABFCA6EFFA8488F724FFE4B8557" box="[223,440,1849,1875]" country="Namibia" municipality="Farm Rooiplaat" name="Grob Geroellsenke" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Grob Geroellsenke</location>
, (BB),
<date id="8E42DAA4CA6EFFA84A49724FFD4A8557" box="[537,697,1849,1875]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="1964-04-14">
<collectingDate id="9E06234CCA6EFFA84A49724FFD4A8557" box="[537,697,1849,1875]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="1964-04-14">14 April 1964</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84A95724FFC3B8557" box="[709,968,1849,1875]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6EFFA84A95724FFCF08557" box="[709,771,1849,1875]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Giess</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6EFFA84B7A724FFC7B8557" box="[810,904,1849,1875]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Barnard</collectorName>
7960
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6EFFA84B88724FFBDC8557" box="[984,1071,1849,1875]" collectionName="WIND" country="Namibia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" name="National Botanical Research Institute" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="Herbarium">WIND</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4A94F639CA6EFFA84C18724FFB6D8573" collectingDate="2023-04-04" collectionCode="WIND" collectorName="Swanepoel" country="Namibia" county="Gui-Tsawisib River" elevation="775" location="Wereldsend Veterinary Gate" municipality="Road" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" specimenCode="C39" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="132284E8CA6EFFA84C18724FFAD58557" box="[1096,1318,1849,1875]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Gui-Tsawisib River</collectingCounty>
, Road C39, opposite
<location id="FF23AABFCA6EFFA848BE722BFDDD8573" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72554D72CA66FFA948D873C2FE5A82D8:FF23AABFCA6EFFA848BE722BFDDD8573" box="[238,558,1885,1911]" country="Namibia" county="Gui-Tsawisib River" municipality="Road" name="Wereldsend Veterinary Gate" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Wêreldsend Veterinary Gate</location>
, (BB),
<quantity id="3D045181CA6EFFA84ADE722BFD248573" box="[654,727,1885,1912]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="775.0">
<elevation id="71D11B57CA6EFFA84ADE722BFD248573" box="[654,727,1885,1912]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.75" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="775.0">775 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="8E42DAA4CA6EFFA84AB4722BFC868573" box="[740,885,1885,1911]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="2023-04-04">
<collectingDate id="9E06234CCA6EFFA84AB4722BFC868573" box="[740,885,1885,1911]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="2023-04-04">4 April 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84BD0722BFBD88573" box="[896,1067,1885,1911]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6EFFA84BD0722BFC0A8573" box="[896,1017,1885,1911]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Swanepoel</collectorName>
626
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6EFFA84C6B722BFB618573" box="[1083,1170,1885,1911]" collectionName="WIND" country="Namibia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" name="National Botanical Research Institute" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="Herbarium">WIND</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4A94F639CA6EFFA84CF9722BFF0085BB" collectingDate="2023-04-04" collectionCode="WIND" collectorName="Swanepoel" country="Namibia" county="Tributary" elevation="766" location="Tributary to Springbok River along track to Huab River" municipality="Springbok River" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1">
<location id="FF23AABFCA6EFFA84CF9722BFE15859F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72554D72CA66FFA948D873C2FE5A82D8:FF23AABFCA6EFFA84CF9722BFE15859F" country="Namibia" county="Tributary" municipality="Springbok River" name="Tributary to Springbok River along track to Huab River" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Tributary to Springbok River along track to Huab River</location>
,
<locationDeviation id="EBF1E546CA6EFFA849BF72F7FC30859F" box="[495,963,1921,1947]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<quantity id="3D045181CA6EFFA849BF72F7FDD5859F" box="[495,550,1921,1947]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
south of Wêreldsend Veterinary Gate
</locationDeviation>
, (BD),
<quantity id="3D045181CA6EFFA84C4E72F7FB96859F" box="[1054,1125,1921,1947]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.659999999999999" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="766.0">
<elevation id="71D11B57CA6EFFA84C4E72F7FB96859F" box="[1054,1125,1921,1947]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.659999999999999" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="766.0">766 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="8E42DAA4CA6EFFA84C3F72F7FB08859F" box="[1135,1275,1921,1947]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="2023-04-04">
<collectingDate id="9E06234CCA6EFFA84C3F72F7FB08859F" box="[1135,1275,1921,1947]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="2023-04-04">4April 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84D5372F7FA58859F" box="[1283,1451,1921,1947]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6EFFA84D5372F7FA8F859F" box="[1283,1404,1921,1947]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Swanepoel</collectorName>
627
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6EFFA848C072D3FF1485BB" box="[144,231,1957,1983]" collectionName="WIND" country="Namibia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" name="National Botanical Research Institute" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="Herbarium">WIND</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4A94F639CA6EFFA848AF72D3FA5585BB" box="[255,1446,1957,1983]" collectingDate="2023-04-04" collectionCode="WIND" collectorName="Swanepoel" country="Namibia" county="Ugibputs" elevation="720" location="River" municipality="Huab" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1">
<locationDeviation id="EBF1E546CA6EFFA848AF72D3FDFA85BB" box="[255,521,1957,1983]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<quantity id="3D045181CA6EFFA848AF72D3FEC485BB" box="[255,311,1957,1983]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
south of Ugibputs
</locationDeviation>
, along track to
<collectingMunicipality id="1A27661ECA6EFFA84AE372D3FD0185BB" box="[691,754,1957,1983]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Huab</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="FF23AABFCA6EFFA84AAD72D3FCCE85BB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72554D72CA66FFA948D873C2FE5A82D8:FF23AABFCA6EFFA84AAD72D3FCCE85BB" box="[765,829,1957,1983]" country="Namibia" county="Ugibputs" municipality="Huab" name="River" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">River</location>
, (BD),
<quantity id="3D045181CA6EFFA84BCD72D3FC1685BB" box="[925,997,1957,1983]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="720.0">
<elevation id="71D11B57CA6EFFA84BCD72D3FC1685BB" box="[925,997,1957,1983]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.2" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="720.0">720 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="8E42DAA4CA6EFFA84BA172D3FB7385BB" box="[1009,1152,1957,1983]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="2023-04-04">
<collectingDate id="9E06234CCA6EFFA84BA172D3FB7385BB" box="[1009,1152,1957,1983]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="2023-04-04">4 April 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84CDB72D3FAC685BB" box="[1163,1333,1957,1983]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6EFFA84CDB72D3FAF785BB" box="[1163,1284,1957,1983]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Swanepoel</collectorName>
628
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6EFFA84D1472D3FA6885BB" box="[1348,1435,1957,1983]" collectionName="WIND" country="Namibia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" name="National Botanical Research Institute" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="Herbarium">WIND</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4A94F639CA6EFFA848D872BFFABC85E7" box="[136,1359,1993,2019]" collectingDate="2023-04-04" collectingDateMax="2023-04-04" collectingDateMin="1996-03-28" collectionCode="DB, WIND" collectorName="Swanepoel" country="Namibia" county="Ugibputs" elevation="741" location="Huab River" municipality="Huab River" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1">
<locationDeviation id="EBF1E546CA6EFFA848D872BFFE5F85E7" box="[136,428,1993,2019]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<quantity id="3D045181CA6EFFA848D872BFFF2485E7" box="[136,215,1993,2019]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="6.4">6.4 km</quantity>
south of Ugibputs
</locationDeviation>
, along track to
<collectingMunicipality id="1A27661ECA6EFFA84A0B72BFFD1385E7" box="[603,736,1993,2019]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Huab River</collectingMunicipality>
, (
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6EFFA84B5472BFFCDD85E7" box="[772,814,1993,2019]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">DB</collectionCode>
),
<quantity id="3D045181CA6EFFA84B1272BFFC7F85E7" box="[834,908,1993,2019]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.409999999999999" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="741.0">
<elevation id="71D11B57CA6EFFA84B1272BFFC7F85E7" box="[834,908,1993,2019]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.409999999999999" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="741.0">741 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="8E42DAA4CA6EFFA84BC972BFFBD885E7" box="[921,1067,1993,2019]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="2023-04-04">
<collectingDate id="9E06234CCA6EFFA84BC972BFFBD885E7" box="[921,1067,1993,2019]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="2023-04-04">4 April 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84C6772BFFB1185E7" box="[1079,1250,1993,2019]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6EFFA84C6772BFFB4385E7" box="[1079,1200,1993,2019]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Swanepoel</collectorName>
629
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6EFFA84CA272BFFAB785E7" box="[1266,1348,1993,2019]" collectionName="WIND" country="Namibia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" name="National Botanical Research Institute" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="Herbarium">WIND</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="4A94F639CA6EFFA84D1E72BFFAA28A03" collectingDate="1996-03-28" collectingDateMax="2023-04-04" collectingDateMin="1996-03-28" collectionCode="DB, WIND, AC" collectorName="Ward" country="Namibia" county="Ugibputs" elevation="741" location="Krone" municipality="Huab River" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1">
—2014:
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6EFFA848D8729BFF368A03" box="[136,197,2029,2055]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Huab</collectorName>
drainage, farm
<location id="FF23AABFCA6EFFA84928729BFE4D8A03" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72554D72CA66FFA948D873C2FE5A82D8:FF23AABFCA6EFFA84928729BFE4D8A03" box="[376,446,2029,2055]" country="Namibia" county="Ugibputs" municipality="Huab River" name="Krone" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Krone</location>
721, NNE old farmhouse, (
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6EFFA84B57729BFCC28A03" box="[775,817,2029,2055]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12582" name="Amherst College, Beneski Museum of Natural History" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="University or college">AC</collectionCode>
),
<quantity id="3D045181CA6EFFA84B15729BFC7C8A03" box="[837,911,2029,2056]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="560.0">
<elevation id="71D11B57CA6EFFA84B15729BFC7C8A03" box="[837,911,2029,2056]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="m" value="560.0">560 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="8E42DAA4CA6EFFA84BCB729BFBB98A03" box="[923,1098,2029,2055]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="1996-03-28">
<collectingDate id="9E06234CCA6EFFA84BCB729BFBB98A03" box="[923,1098,2029,2055]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="1996-03-28">28 March 1996</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84C06729BFB2D8A03" box="[1110,1246,2029,2055]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6EFFA84C06729BFB628A03" box="[1110,1169,2029,2055]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Ward</collectorName>
13731
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6EFFA84CBE729BFAB68A03" box="[1262,1349,2029,2055]" collectionName="WIND" country="Namibia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" name="National Botanical Research Institute" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" type="Herbarium">WIND</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4A94F639CA6EFFA84D0D729BFB568A2F" collectingDate="2010-03-28" collectionCode="US" collectorName="Tripp &amp; Dexter" country="United States of America" location="Torra Bay" municipality="Bergsig" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" specimenCode="C39" specimenCount="1">
<locationDeviation id="EBF1E546CA6EFFA84D0D729BFD948A2F" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<quantity id="3D045181CA6EFFA84D0D729BFA5F8A03" box="[1373,1452,2029,2055]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.6" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" unit="km" value="8.6">8.6 km</quantity>
west of Bergsig towards Torra Bay on C39
</locationDeviation>
, (AC),
<date id="8E42DAA4CA6EFFA84A977D67FC878A2F" box="[711,884,2065,2091]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="2010-03-28">
<collectingDate id="9E06234CCA6EFFA84A977D67FC878A2F" box="[711,884,2065,2091]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" value="2010-03-28">28 March 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6EFFA84B2F7D64FBAF8A2F" box="[895,1116,2065,2091]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6EFFA84B2F7D64FC4F8A2F" box="[895,956,2066,2091]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Tripp</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6EFFA84B8F7D64FBD88A2F" box="[991,1067,2066,2091]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Dexter</collectorName>
876
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6EFFA84C3C7D67FB6B8A2F" box="[1132,1176,2065,2091]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">US</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="4A94F639CA6EFFA94CE17D67FE5682D8" collectingDate="2023-04-04" collectionCode="WIND" collectorName="Swanepoel" country="United States of America" elevation="963" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="46" location="Springbok River" municipality="Farm Driefontein" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="1A27661ECA6EFFA84CE17D67FA878A2F" box="[1201,1396,2065,2091]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Farm Driefontein</collectingMunicipality>
716, ridge above southern tributary to
<location id="FF23AABFCA6FFFA949AF75E8FD4882BC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72554D72CA66FFA948D873C2FE5A82D8:FF23AABFCA6FFFA949AF75E8FD4882BC" box="[511,699,158,184]" country="United States of America" municipality="Farm Driefontein" name="Springbok River" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">Springbok River</location>
, ca.
<locationDeviation id="EBF1E546CA6FFFA94ABD75E8FB9282BC" box="[749,1121,158,185]" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
<quantity id="3D045181CA6FFFA94ABD75E8FCD582BC" box="[749,806,158,185]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
southeast of old homestead
</locationDeviation>
, (AC),
<quantity id="3D045181CA6FFFA94C9175E8FAF882BD" box="[1217,1291,158,185]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.629999999999999" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="963.0">
<elevation id="71D11B57CA6FFFA94C9175E8FAF882BD" box="[1217,1291,158,185]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.629999999999999" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="963.0">963 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="8E42DAA4CA6FFFA94D4675E8FA5482BC" box="[1302,1447,158,184]" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" value="2023-04-04">
<collectingDate id="9E06234CCA6FFFA94D4675E8FA5482BC" box="[1302,1447,158,184]" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" value="2023-04-04">4 April 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="C8882076CA6FFFA948D875B4FEC182D8" box="[136,306,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">
<collectorName id="570999B2CA6FFFA948D875B4FEF282D8" box="[136,257,194,220]" pageId="11" pageNumber="46">Swanepoel</collectorName>
625
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="9CED64A1CA6FFFA9491275B4FE6A82D8" box="[322,409,194,220]" collectionName="WIND" country="Namibia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13705" name="National Botanical Research Institute" pageId="11" pageNumber="46" type="Herbarium">WIND</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>