treatments-xml/data/72/42/87/724287C1FF96FFDA3DE8FA3F26FCBE1C.xml

<document id="712557518508113B0E0CE51F4E43D6C1" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.180479" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d1874f7a-7d67-4f0d-8e5e-16c18ececf86" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="180479" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459808686165" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lindquist, Evert E. &amp; Moraza, Maria L." docDate="2008" docId="724287C1FF96FFDA3DE8FA3F26FCBE1C" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01685p037.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1685" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Spadiseius Lindquist &amp; Moraza, 2008, new genus" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="9" masterDocId="8E7BFFB9FF94FFD23D7FFF852731BA6E" masterDocTitle="A new genus of flower-dwelling melicharid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascoidea) phoretic on bats and insects in Costa Rica and Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="37" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1698220741931" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="7B0984EED1BB9AA6B0C8EF8CF30223F7">A new genus of flower-dwelling melicharid mites (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascoidea) phoretic on bats and insects in Costa Rica and Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A63A9BC87C3C23B05EF8BE3B308FAD78">Lindquist, Evert E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B8FA616774BD636FD1937C435F68731C">Moraza, Maria L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0103CE9CC3E1EB1512999B0293445DE9">2008</mods:date>
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<heading id="A11C81BBFF96FFD03DE8FA3F2699BFBA" bold="true" box="[151,424,1466,1492]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF96FFD03DE8FA3F2699BFBA" bold="true" box="[151,424,1466,1492]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF96FFD03DE8FA3F2629BFBA" box="[151,280,1466,1492]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF96FFD03DE8FA3F2629BFBA" bold="true" box="[151,280,1466,1492]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Spadiseius</emphasis>
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, 
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(
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF96FFD03DE0FA58262CBF99" box="[159,285,1501,1527]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStart-1="FIGURES 10 – 12" captionStart-10="FIGURES 35 – 37" captionStart-11="FIGURES 38 – 41" captionStart-12="FIGURES 42 – 45" captionStart-13="FIGURES 46 – 50" captionStart-14="FIGURES 51 – 55" captionStart-15="FIGURES 56 – 58" captionStart-16="FIGURES 59 – 64" captionStart-17="FIGURES 65 – 69" captionStart-2="FIGURES 13 – 15" captionStart-3="FIGURES 16, 17" captionStart-4="FIGURE 18" captionStart-5="FIGURES 19, 20" captionStart-6="FIGURES 21, 22" captionStart-7="FIGURES 23 – 25" captionStart-8="FIGURES 26 – 29" captionStart-9="FIGURES 30 – 34" captionStartId-0="9.[151,269,1577,1601]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,269,1581,1605]" captionStartId-10="22.[151,269,1758,1782]" captionStartId-11="24.[151,269,1163,1187]" captionStartId-12="25.[151,269,1816,1840]" captionStartId-13="27.[151,269,1773,1797]" captionStartId-14="28.[151,269,1906,1930]" captionStartId-15="29.[151,269,1642,1666]" captionStartId-16="30.[151,269,1546,1570]" captionStartId-17="31.[151,269,1219,1243]" captionStartId-2="11.[151,269,1529,1553]" captionStartId-3="13.[151,269,1731,1755]" captionStartId-4="14.[151,255,1744,1768]" captionStartId-5="15.[151,269,1585,1609]" captionStartId-6="16.[151,269,1448,1472]" captionStartId-7="17.[151,269,1573,1597]" captionStartId-8="18.[151,269,1250,1274]" captionStartId-9="19.[151,269,1464,1488]" captionTargetBox-0="[152,1425,197,1576]" captionTargetBox-1="[168,1435,385,1580]" captionTargetBox-10="[151,1434,598,1757]" captionTargetBox-11="[168,1419,313,1131]" captionTargetBox-12="[154,1431,346,1815]" captionTargetBox-13="[186,1409,183,1772]" captionTargetBox-14="[206,1386,432,1878]" captionTargetBox-15="[155,1429,194,1600]" captionTargetBox-16="[152,1432,441,1545]" captionTargetBox-17="[164,1431,194,1163]" captionTargetBox-2="[156,1435,492,1528]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,556,1730]" captionTargetBox-4="[153,1414,370,1743]" captionTargetBox-5="[186,1435,514,1584]" captionTargetBox-6="[264,1317,480,1446]" captionTargetBox-7="[151,1427,403,1572]" captionTargetBox-8="[151,1435,354,1192]" captionTargetBox-9="[164,1434,194,1391]" captionTargetId-0="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1643]" captionTargetId-1="figure@10.[151,1436,354,1612]" captionTargetId-10="figure@22.[151,1436,594,1776]" captionTargetId-11="figure@24.[148,1433,288,1233]" captionTargetId-12="figure@25.[151,1436,330,1936]" captionTargetId-13="figure@27.[186,1411,178,1937]" captionTargetId-14="figure@28.[206,1393,416,1899]" captionTargetId-15="figure@29.[151,1436,194,1637]" captionTargetId-16="figure@30.[151,1436,434,1616]" captionTargetId-17="figure@31.[151,1436,194,1283]" captionTargetId-2="figure@11.[151,1436,394,1627]" captionTargetId-3="figure@13.[151,1436,554,1771]" captionTargetId-4="figure@14.[151,1436,354,1838]" captionTargetId-5="figure@15.[151,1436,514,1681]" captionTargetId-6="figure@16.[264,1323,474,1500]" captionTargetId-7="figure@17.[151,1436,394,1601]" captionTargetId-8="figure@18.[151,1436,354,1270]" captionTargetId-9="figure@19.[151,1436,194,1440]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-10="22" captionTargetPageId-11="24" captionTargetPageId-12="25" captionTargetPageId-13="27" captionTargetPageId-14="28" captionTargetPageId-15="29" captionTargetPageId-16="30" captionTargetPageId-17="31" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionTargetPageId-3="13" captionTargetPageId-4="14" captionTargetPageId-5="15" captionTargetPageId-6="16" captionTargetPageId-7="17" captionTargetPageId-8="18" captionTargetPageId-9="19" captionText-0="FIGURES 1 – 9. Figs. 1 – 5, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female: 1, subcapitulum; 2, labrum, ventral view; 3, salivary stylus; 4, tritosternum; 5, palpus, ventral view. Fig. 6, S. calyptrogynae n. sp., larva, chelicera, paraxial view. Figs. 7 – 9, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 7, tectum; 8, chelicera, dorso-paraxial view; 9 a, chelicera, movable digit, dorsal view; 9 b, chelicera, movable digit, antiaxial-ventral view (Figs. 2 – 4, same scale)." captionText-1="FIGURES 10 – 12. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., larva: 10, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 11, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 12, tectum, variations." captionText-10="FIGURES 35 – 37. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp. 35, larva, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 36, protonymph, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 37, larva, chelicera, adaxial view. Abbreviation: v m, ventral mucro." captionText-11="FIGURES 38 – 41. Dorsal subapical femoral setae of legs. Figs. 38, 39, larval femora I – III: 38, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp.; 39, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp. Figs. 40, 41, protonymphal femora I – IV: 40, S. calyptrogynae n. sp.; 41, S." captionText-12="FIGURES 42 – 45. Figs. 42, 43, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., deutonymph: 42, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 43, idiosoma, ventral aspect; supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’. Figs. 44, 45, dorsal subapical femoral setae legs I – IV, deutonymph: 44, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp.; 45, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp." captionText-13="FIGURES 46 – 50. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 46, idiosoma, dorsal aspect, supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’; 47, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 48, spermathecae, detail of calyx; 49, position of spermatheca at base of leg IV;" captionText-14="FIGURES 51 – 55. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult male. Figs. 51 – 53, idiosomas, dorsal aspect: 51, “ long-haired ” morph; 52, intermediate morph; 53, “ short-haired ” morph, partial view. Fig. 54, detail of peritrematal shield; note variation in length of peritreme from Fig. 52. Fig. 55, chelicera and spermatodactyl, adaxial view." captionText-15="FIGURES 56 – 58. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult male. Figs. 56, 57, opisthogaster: 56, intermediate morph; 57, “ short-haired ” morph. Fig. 58, idiosoma, ventral aspect, “ long-haired ” morph." captionText-16="FIGURES 59 – 64. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 59, subcapitulum, abbreviation: k, keel; 60, salivary stylus; 61, tarsus I, dorsal view, without pretarsal structures; 62, detail of dorsodistal sensillar complex of tarsus I; 63, enlarged detail of sigmoid seta “ s ”; 64, leg I, ventral view, excluding tarsus; note serrated apical sclerotized rims of segments." captionText-17="FIGURES 65 – 69. Figs. 65 – 67: Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult male: 65, tarsus IV, dorsolateral view, without pretarsus; 66, 67, femora IV, dorsal view: 66, “ short-haired ” morph; 67, “ long-haired ” morph. Figs. 68, 69, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult male, femora IV, dorsal view: 68, “ wartless ” morph; 69, “ warted ” morph." captionText-2="FIGURES 13 – 15. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., protonymph: 13, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 14, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 15, tectum. Setae added to larval complement denoted without parentheses." captionText-3="FIGURES 16, 17. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., deutonymph: 16, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 17, idiosoma, ventral aspect. Setae added to protonymphal complement denoted without parentheses; supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’." captionText-4="FIGURE 18. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female, idiosoma, dorsal aspect. Supernumerary setae denoted by" captionText-5="FIGURES 19, 20. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female: 19, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 20, spermathecae, detail" captionText-6="FIGURES 21, 22. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult male, “ wartless ” morph: 21, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 22, idiosoma," captionText-7="FIGURES 23 – 25. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult male: 23, idiosoma, “ warted morph ”, dorsal aspect; 24, peritrematal shield and detail of enlarged gland pore; 25, greatly enlarged detail of peritrematal gland pore." captionText-8="FIGURES 26 – 29. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult male: 26, subcapitulum; 27, chelicera and spermatodactyl, paraxial view; 28, tarsus II, anterolateral view; 29, tarsus IV, dorsal view, without pretarsus. Abbreviation: k, keel." captionText-9="FIGURES 30 – 34. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female. Figs. 30 – 33, dorsal views of legs excluding tarsi: 30, leg I; 31, leg II; 32, leg III; 33, leg IV; anterolateral (al) and posterolateral (pl) faces indicated by arrows. Fig. 34, tarsus IV, dorsal view." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/180480/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/180481/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/180490/files/figure.png" httpUri-11="https://zenodo.org/record/180491/files/figure.png" httpUri-12="https://zenodo.org/record/180492/files/figure.png" httpUri-13="https://zenodo.org/record/180493/files/figure.png" httpUri-14="https://zenodo.org/record/180494/files/figure.png" httpUri-15="https://zenodo.org/record/180495/files/figure.png" httpUri-16="https://zenodo.org/record/180496/files/figure.png" httpUri-17="https://zenodo.org/record/180497/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/180482/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/180483/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/180484/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/180485/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/180486/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/180487/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/180488/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/180489/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figs. 1–69</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2F1655CFF96FFD03DE8F9A827FDBCF9" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF96FFD03DE8F9A827FDBCF9" blockId="2.[151,1436,1581,2007]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF96FFD03DE8F9A8260ABC29" bold="true" box="[151,315,1581,1607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<typeStatus id="25508875FF96FFD03DE8F9A827E5BC29" box="[151,212,1581,1607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type</typeStatus>
species:
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF96FFD03C3DF9A8255CBC28" box="[322,621,1581,1606]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="calyptrogynae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF96FFD03C3DF9A8255CBC28" box="[322,621,1581,1606]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Spadiseius calyptrogynae</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF96FFD03F0BF9A82435BC29" bold="true" box="[628,772,1581,1607]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">new species</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
. Genus based on adult female, male and immature instar material representing two newly described species, and on adult females and males of four undescribed species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2F1655CFF96FFD13DB9F92023A9B8D4" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF96FFD13DB9F92023A9B8D4" blockId="2.[151,1436,1581,2007]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,152,2018]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF96FFD03DB9F9202677BCD1" bold="true" box="[198,326,1701,1727]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Nymphs and adults of 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF96FFD03F29F92025E2BCD0" box="[598,723,1701,1726]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF96FFD03F29F92025E2BCD0" box="[598,723,1701,1726]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Spadiseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
share the following apomorphies with other genera included in the family 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF96FFD03C4DF94826E0BC89" box="[306,465,1741,1767]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Melicharidae</taxonomicName>
: fixed chela with pilus dentilis modified from a setiform structure into an expanded hyaline lobe or flap (autapomorphic); movable chela (except for adult male) with a ventral mucro near its base (autapomorphic); peritrematal shield narrowly connected to or free posteriorly from exopodal plate beside coxa IV (homoplastic). They are distinguished apomorphically from those of other melicharid genera by the following three attributes. Dorsal shield of deutonymphs and adults somewhat hypertrichous, with one to several pairs of supernumerary setae inserted symmetrically near setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF96FFD03ECCF81024FABDC0" box="[947,971,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">j6</emphasis>
and sometimes among setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF96FFD0385DF8102255BDC0" box="[1314,1380,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">z3–z5</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF96FFD0380CF8102780BDB8" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">s3– s5</emphasis>
on the anterior region and sometimes asymmetrically among setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF96FFD03EA2F8382312BDB8" box="[989,1059,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">J1–J4</emphasis>
on the posterior region. Dorsal shield of adult male with some to many of the peripheral setae of 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13EE0FF1D24FBBADF" box="[927,970,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">z–Z</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13EA6FF1D2333BADF" box="[985,1026,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">s–S</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13943FF1D2359BADF" box="[1084,1128,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">r–R</emphasis>
series enlarged dimorphically to form a variably well developed corona of basally thick and apically clavate or capitate or attenuate setae (those of female usually uniformly short, simple). Femur IV of deutonymph and adult female with dorsal seta 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13D8CFE952618BB47" box="[243,297,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">ad-1</emphasis>
thick, untapered, oar-like, in distinction to adjacent tapered setae. Other attributes include: dorsal shield of adults with lateral margins entire and with setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13E48FEBD2460BB3F" box="[823,849,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">z3</emphasis>
present; adult female with setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD139AFFEBD2212BB3F" box="[1232,1315,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">st1–st3</emphasis>
on sternal shield (
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13D90FEE52620BB17" box="[239,273,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">st3</emphasis>
sometimes inserted on a posteriorly desclerotized region of this shield), 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13910FEE523A3BB17" box="[1135,1170,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">st4</emphasis>
with sternal poroids 3 inserted on soft cuticle, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13CC8FE0D26EBBBCF" box="[439,474,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">st5</emphasis>
and paragenital poroids 
<date id="8E551017FF97FFD13E7CFE0D2417BBCF" box="[771,806,392,417]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13E7CFE0D2417BBCF" box="[771,806,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">iv5</emphasis>
</date>
inserted on soft cuticle alongside genital shield, and with obovate to nearly inversely subtriangular (rather than ovate or elliptical or subcircular) anal shield with gland pores 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13C59FE5D2660BB9F" box="[294,337,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">gv3</emphasis>
; adult male with sternitigenital shield slightly narrowed and not consolidated with endopodal strips between coxae IV, and with weakly sclerotized ventrianal shield; setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13943FD85236EB877" box="[1084,1119,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">st5</emphasis>
usually attenuated, longer than 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13DAEFDAD263EB82F" box="[209,271,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">st1–4</emphasis>
, and sometimes inserted on soft cuticle closely alongside sternitigenital shield, both sexes with relatively small anal opening (euanal setae and anal poroids on anal valves absent). Both sexes with anterior margin of tectum pointed or narrowly rounded, smooth or slightly serrated. Leg II of male with ventral setae unmodified on femur, but with 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13F7AFD25250BB8D7" box="[517,570,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">av-1</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13F37FD25254DB8D7" box="[584,636,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">av-2</emphasis>
and sometimes 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13E45FD25246DB8D7" box="[826,860,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">mv</emphasis>
short, spine-like on tarsus.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2F1655CFF97FFD43DB9FD4224E4BF54" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF97FFD13DB9FD4226DABC3C" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,2018]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13DB9FD422688B88F" bold="true" box="[198,441,711,737]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Description. Adult.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13CBAFD4D25AFB88F" box="[453,670,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Idiosomal dorsum</emphasis>
. Dorsal shield of adults entire, without lateral incisions, ornamented with reticula on female and sometimes also with wart-like, seta-bearing thickenings on male, and lacking a delineated marginal rim laterally where marginal setae are inserted. Dorsum with approximately 45– 60 pairs of setae, most (including some of 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13FF6FCC52592B937" box="[649,675,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">r–</emphasis>
series and rarely even 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13ECFFCC52331B937" box="[944,1024,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">R1–R2</emphasis>
) inserted on dorsal shield, but usually 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13DB3FCED27DDB9EF" box="[204,236,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">R–</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13C56FCED266EB9EF" box="[297,351,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">UR–</emphasis>
series, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13CC4FCED26E4B9EF" box="[443,469,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">r5</emphasis>
, and sometimes 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13FDFFCED258BB9EF" box="[672,698,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">r4</emphasis>
on soft cuticle in adult female and some of 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD139B1FCED23DEB9EF" box="[1230,1263,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">R–</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13853FCED2250B9EF" box="[1324,1377,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">UR–</emphasis>
setae variably off shield in adult male; 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13F5AFC15250EB9C7" box="[549,575,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">z3</emphasis>
present; submarginal 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13E38FC15244CB9C7" box="[839,893,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">UR–</emphasis>
series with few setae present on deutonymph and adult; dorsal shield mildly hypertrichous, usually with a pair of extra setae near 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD139F8FC3D2394B9BF" box="[1159,1189,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">j6,</emphasis>
variably with 2 or 3 extra pairs amidst 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13C10FC6526B8B997" box="[367,393,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">z–</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13CBCFC6526EDB997" box="[451,476,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">s–</emphasis>
series on podonotal region, and sometimes with several paired or asymmetrically unpaired setae amidst 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13CE4FB8D2686BE4F" box="[411,439,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">J–</emphasis>
series on opisthonotal region. Dorsal setae of adult female usually mostly uniform in simple form (sometimes slightly knobbed at base, or untapered and rod-like) and moderately short length (except 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13D8BFBDD2625BE1F" box="[244,276,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Z5</emphasis>
sometimes longer and apically capitate), 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13F85FBDD2424BE1F" box="[762,789,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">J5</emphasis>
smaller than others (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF97FFD13973FBDD235FBE1C" box="[1036,1134,1112,1138]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1744,1768]" captionTargetBox="[153,1414,370,1743]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,354,1838]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 18. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female, idiosoma, dorsal aspect. Supernumerary setae denoted by" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180484/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 18</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF97FFD13905FBDD23AABE1C" box="[1146,1179,1112,1138]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 50" captionStartId="27.[151,269,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[186,1409,183,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[186,1411,178,1937]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 50. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 46, idiosoma, dorsal aspect, supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’; 47, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 48, spermathecae, detail of calyx; 49, position of spermatheca at base of leg IV;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180493/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">46</figureCitation>
); dorsal setae of adult male highly dimorphic, with those in central region of shield either very short, simple (similar to 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13844FB052264BEF7" box="[1339,1365,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">J5</emphasis>
), and sometimes inserted on wart-like thickenings, or moderately short and thickened blade-like, while some to most peripheral setae are enlarged, of variable lengths, and either attenuated or with thick shafts and capitate or clavate apices, many of them inserted on tubercles (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF97FFD13E6CFB7D2444BF7C" box="[787,885,1272,1298]" captionStart="FIGURES 21, 22" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1448,1472]" captionTargetBox="[264,1317,480,1446]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[264,1323,474,1500]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 21, 22. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult male, “ wartless ” morph: 21, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 22, idiosoma," httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180486/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 21</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF97FFD13EFEFB7D2490BF7C" box="[897,929,1272,1298]" captionStart="FIGURES 23 – 25" captionStartId="17.[151,269,1573,1597]" captionTargetBox="[151,1427,403,1572]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[151,1436,394,1601]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURES 23 – 25. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult male: 23, idiosoma, “ warted morph ”, dorsal aspect; 24, peritrematal shield and detail of enlarged gland pore; 25, greatly enlarged detail of peritrematal gland pore." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180487/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">23</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF97FFD13ED3FB7D24CBBF7C" box="[940,1018,1272,1298]" captionStart="FIGURES 51 – 55" captionStartId="28.[151,269,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[206,1386,432,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[206,1393,416,1899]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 51 – 55. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult male. Figs. 51 – 53, idiosomas, dorsal aspect: 51, “ long-haired ” morph; 52, intermediate morph; 53, “ short-haired ” morph, partial view. Fig. 54, detail of peritrematal shield; note variation in length of peritreme from Fig. 52. Fig. 55, chelicera and spermatodactyl, adaxial view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180494/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">51–53</figureCitation>
). Dorsal shield with complement of 23 pairs of discernible pore-like structures (9 podonotal, 14 opisthonotal), of which 7 (4 podonotal, 3 opisthonotal) superficially appear secretory (gland pores) and 16 (5 podonotal, 11 opisthonotal) non-secretory (poroids) (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF97FFD13D9DFAF5260BBFE4" box="[226,314,1392,1418]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1744,1768]" captionTargetBox="[153,1414,370,1743]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,354,1838]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 18. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female, idiosoma, dorsal aspect. Supernumerary setae denoted by" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180484/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
); marginal poroid 
<collectingCountry id="82FC7647FF97FFD13F6AFAF52507BFE7" box="[533,566,1392,1417]" name="Poland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13F6AFAF52507BFE7" box="[533,566,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rp</emphasis>
</collectingCountry>
(= 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13F27FAF525BEBFE7" box="[600,655,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">idR3</emphasis>
) between setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13E32FAF524ACBFE7" box="[845,925,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">R3–R4</emphasis>
on soft cuticle in female but sometimes on edge of shield in male. Peritrematal plates uniting with dorsal shield anteriorly at level between setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13830FA1D2258BFDF" box="[1359,1385,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">s1</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13DE8FA452780BFB7" box="[151,177,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">r2</emphasis>
on adult female and between 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13F6EFA45251ABFB7" box="[529,555,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">r2</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13F1BFA45254EBFB7" box="[612,639,1472,1497]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">r5</emphasis>
on adult male; peritremes well developed, interspecifically variable in length, reaching anteriorly at least to level of setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13E73FA6D2414BC6F" box="[780,805,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">r5</emphasis>
. Anterior to dorsal shield, vertical region with pair of plates (often difficult to discern, not illustrated) above bases of legs I and sometimes touching dorsal shield at level of paravertical setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13CB5F9BD26D4BC3F" box="[458,485,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">z1</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF97FFD63DB9F9E5257FB804" blockId="3.[151,1436,152,2018]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13DB9F9E526BABC17" box="[198,395,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Idiosomal venter</emphasis>
. ADULT FEMALE. Sternal shield entire, sometimes desclerotized posteriorly behind level of poroids 2, with 3 pairs of setae (
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13F4BF90D2567BCCF" box="[564,598,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">st3</emphasis>
inserted in often desclerotized area), 2 pairs of poroids and continuous with endopodal extensions between coxae I and II, weakly between II and III. Metasternal plates absent, fourth pair of sternal setae with third pair of sternal poroids on soft cuticle (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF97FFD13956F95D23BCBC9C" box="[1065,1165,1752,1778]" captionStart="FIGURES 19, 20" captionStartId="15.[151,269,1585,1609]" captionTargetBox="[186,1435,514,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,514,1681]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 19, 20. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female: 19, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 20, spermathecae, detail" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180485/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 19</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF97FFD139E3F95D238CBC9C" box="[1180,1213,1752,1778]" captionStart="FIGURES 46 – 50" captionStartId="27.[151,269,1773,1797]" captionTargetBox="[186,1409,183,1772]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[186,1411,178,1937]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURES 46 – 50. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 46, idiosoma, dorsal aspect, supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’; 47, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 48, spermathecae, detail of calyx; 49, position of spermatheca at base of leg IV;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180493/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">47</figureCitation>
). Endopodal strips weakly developed or vestigial between coxae III and IV. Genital shield with hyaline anterior margin broadly rounded, extending to level of third sternal poroids and usually not overlapping posterior margin of sternal shield; posterior margin of genital shield broadly rounded; genital setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13E89F8D52328BD07" box="[1014,1049,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">st5</emphasis>
and poroids 
<date id="8E551017FF97FFD139C9F8D523EBBD07" box="[1206,1242,1872,1897]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD139C9F8D523EBBD07" box="[1206,1242,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">iv5</emphasis>
</date>
inserted on soft cuticle flanking shield. Postgenital furrow weakly formed, with or without a strip of 2 or 4 weakly sclerotized platelets. Inguinal region with 1 or 2 pairs of metapodal platelets, the smaller pair difficult to discern, and gland pores 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13C54F84D2667BD8F" box="[299,342,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">gv2</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF97FFD13CEBF84D26F1BD8F" box="[404,448,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">gp2</emphasis>
on exopodal rim behind coxae IV. Anal shield relatively small, obovate or nearly inversely subtriangular, with anal opening not enlarged; adanal gland pores on lateral edges of shield at level of posterior margin of anal opening; cribrum normally developed. Opisthogaster with 8 to 10 pairs of simple setae on soft cuticle around anal shield (
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63F10FF6D2468BB6F" box="[623,857,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">JV1–JV5, ZV1–ZV5</emphasis>
, but sometimes without 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63905FF6D239ABB6F" box="[1146,1195,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ZV3</emphasis>
and one of other 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63805FF6D22ADBB6F" box="[1402,1436,232,257]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ZV</emphasis>
setae; a 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63D87FE95262EBB47" box="[248,287,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">UR</emphasis>
seta may appear like another 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63FF9FE952599BB47" box="[646,680,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ZV</emphasis>
pair), 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63F87FE952428BB47" box="[760,793,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">SV</emphasis>
series absent. Peritrematal region on each side with 2 gland pores and 4 poroids; peritrematal plate with poroid 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63E42FEBD2453BB3F" box="[829,866,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ip1</emphasis>
inserted on its dorsal edge laterad seta 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD6384DFEBD227DBB3F" box="[1330,1356,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">s2</emphasis>
, gland pore 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63DABFEE527CEBB17" box="[212,255,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">gp1</emphasis>
and adjacent poroid 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63C83FEE52513BB17" box="[508,546,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ip2</emphasis>
inserted on its dorsal edge at level between coxae II and III (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD6387DFEE5226BBB14" box="[1282,1370,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="14.[151,255,1744,1768]" captionTargetBox="[153,1414,370,1743]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[151,1436,354,1838]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 18. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female, idiosoma, dorsal aspect. Supernumerary setae denoted by" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180484/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
), and with poroid 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63C52FE0D2663BBCF" box="[301,338,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ip3</emphasis>
appressed to posterior edge of stigmata (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63E32FE0D2496BBCC" box="[845,935,392,418]" captionStart="FIGURES 19, 20" captionStartId="15.[151,269,1585,1609]" captionTargetBox="[186,1435,514,1584]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[151,1436,514,1681]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURES 19, 20. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female: 19, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 20, spermathecae, detail" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180485/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
); peritrematal plate lacking any posterior extension, such that poststigmatic poroid 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63F01FE352594BBA7" box="[638,677,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ip4</emphasis>
inserted on soft cuticle and gland pore 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD6390BFE352391BBA7" box="[1140,1184,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">gp2</emphasis>
inserted on exopodal rim posterolaterad coxa IV. Exopodal strips weakly sclerotized alongside peritrematal shield, with projections between coxae I and II, II and III, III and IV. Spermathecal apparatus without distinctly sclerotized structures, but with a usually discernible tubular conduit leading from solenostome between bases of legs III–IV to a visibly denser calyx and hyaline vesicle.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF90FFD63DBAFDFD2601B994" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
ADULT MALE. Sternogenital shield with 4 or 5 pairs of setae and 3 pairs of poroids, united with endopodal strips between coxae I–II and II–III, but free from weak strips between coxae III–IV; posterior margin of shield prominent, convex or bilobate, contiguous with or overlapping, but not consolidated with anterior margin of ventrianal shield; setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63C81FD752511B967" box="[510,544,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">st5</emphasis>
longer than 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63FC8FD7525C7B967" box="[695,758,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">st1–4</emphasis>
, and sometimes inserted on soft cuticle when posterolateral corners of shield constricted; paragenital poroids 
<date id="8E551017FF90FFD63E74FC9D241FB95F" box="[779,814,792,817]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63E74FC9D241FB95F" box="[779,814,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">iv5</emphasis>
</date>
on soft cuticle beside posterolateral corners of shield (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63DE0FCC52633B934" box="[159,258,832,858]" captionStart="FIGURES 21, 22" captionStartId="16.[151,269,1448,1472]" captionTargetBox="[264,1317,480,1446]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[264,1323,474,1500]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 21, 22. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult male, “ wartless ” morph: 21, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 22, idiosoma," httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180486/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 22</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63C71FCC5261EB934" box="[270,303,832,858]" captionStart="FIGURES 56 – 58" captionStartId="29.[151,269,1642,1666]" captionTargetBox="[155,1429,194,1600]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[151,1436,194,1637]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 56 – 58. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult male. Figs. 56, 57, opisthogaster: 56, intermediate morph; 57, “ short-haired ” morph. Fig. 58, idiosoma, ventral aspect, “ long-haired ” morph." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180495/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">58</figureCitation>
). Opisthogaster with ventrianal shield weakly sclerotized other than in anal shield area, overrunning lateral areas occupied by metapodal platelets, and with 6 or usually 7 pairs of ventral setae in addition to circumanal setae; setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63CD2FC1526EAB9C7" box="[429,475,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">JV5</emphasis>
and, if present, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63FE6FC1525F8B9C7" box="[665,713,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ZV5</emphasis>
inserted on soft cuticle. Ventrianal shield free from peritrematal and expodal plates; cribrum as in adult female. Exopodal and peritrematal shielding, and peritremes as in adult female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF90FFD63DB9FB8D24ADBC14" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF90FFD63DB9FB8D266DBE4F" box="[198,348,1032,1057]" class="Secernentea" family="Gnathostomatidae" genus="Gnathosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63DB9FB8D266DBE4F" box="[198,348,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Gnathosoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Tectum with anterior margin triangular, pointed or narrowly rounded apically, smooth or slightly serrated (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63C1DFBB52698BE24" box="[354,425,1072,1098]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[152,1425,197,1576]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1643]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. Figs. 1 – 5, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female: 1, subcapitulum; 2, labrum, ventral view; 3, salivary stylus; 4, tritosternum; 5, palpus, ventral view. Fig. 6, S. calyptrogynae n. sp., larva, chelicera, paraxial view. Figs. 7 – 9, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 7, tectum; 8, chelicera, dorso-paraxial view; 9 a, chelicera, movable digit, dorsal view; 9 b, chelicera, movable digit, antiaxial-ventral view (Figs. 2 – 4, same scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180480/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Fixed cheliceral digit of adult female with 3 to 5 small teeth subapically, that of adult male with 2 to 4 teeth, both sexes with pilus dentilis expanded into a hyaline pointed lobe (instead of setiform) antiaxially, and with hyaline rim smooth, unfringed along its paraxial face above base of movable chela; movable chela of female with 1 or 2 small teeth and with ventral mucro near base (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD6394DFB2D2348BEAC" box="[1074,1145,1192,1218]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[152,1425,197,1576]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1643]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. Figs. 1 – 5, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female: 1, subcapitulum; 2, labrum, ventral view; 3, salivary stylus; 4, tritosternum; 5, palpus, ventral view. Fig. 6, S. calyptrogynae n. sp., larva, chelicera, paraxial view. Figs. 7 – 9, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 7, tectum; 8, chelicera, dorso-paraxial view; 9 a, chelicera, movable digit, dorsal view; 9 b, chelicera, movable digit, antiaxial-ventral view (Figs. 2 – 4, same scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180480/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
); movable chela of male edentate, without ventral mucro, with hyaline envelope at its base more strongly fringed than in female, and with spermatodactyl directed anteriorly, simple or distinctively shaped in form (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63922FB7D23F2BF7C" box="[1117,1219,1272,1298]" captionStart="FIGURES 26 – 29" captionStartId="18.[151,269,1250,1274]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,354,1192]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,354,1270]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 26 – 29. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult male: 26, subcapitulum; 27, chelicera and spermatodactyl, paraxial view; 28, tarsus II, anterolateral view; 29, tarsus IV, dorsal view, without pretarsus. Abbreviation: k, keel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180488/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 27</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD639ADFB7D23C2BF7C" box="[1234,1267,1272,1298]" captionStart="FIGURES 51 – 55" captionStartId="28.[151,269,1906,1930]" captionTargetBox="[206,1386,432,1878]" captionTargetId="figure@28.[206,1393,416,1899]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURES 51 – 55. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult male. Figs. 51 – 53, idiosomas, dorsal aspect: 51, “ long-haired ” morph; 52, intermediate morph; 53, “ short-haired ” morph, partial view. Fig. 54, detail of peritrematal shield; note variation in length of peritreme from Fig. 52. Fig. 55, chelicera and spermatodactyl, adaxial view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180494/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">55</figureCitation>
). Corniculi of adult female with prominent longitudinal keel or carina on ventral face (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63E9DFAA52309BF54" box="[994,1080,1312,1338]" captionStart="FIGURES 59 – 64" captionStartId="30.[151,269,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,441,1545]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,434,1616]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 59 – 64. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 59, subcapitulum, abbreviation: k, keel; 60, salivary stylus; 61, tarsus I, dorsal view, without pretarsal structures; 62, detail of dorsodistal sensillar complex of tarsus I; 63, enlarged detail of sigmoid seta “ s ”; 64, leg I, ventral view, excluding tarsus; note serrated apical sclerotized rims of segments." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180496/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
) and with variably convergent simple apices (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63C3AFACD26A7BF0C" box="[325,406,1352,1378]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[152,1425,197,1576]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1643]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. Figs. 1 – 5, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female: 1, subcapitulum; 2, labrum, ventral view; 3, salivary stylus; 4, tritosternum; 5, palpus, ventral view. Fig. 6, S. calyptrogynae n. sp., larva, chelicera, paraxial view. Figs. 7 – 9, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 7, tectum; 8, chelicera, dorso-paraxial view; 9 a, chelicera, movable digit, dorsal view; 9 b, chelicera, movable digit, antiaxial-ventral view (Figs. 2 – 4, same scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180480/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63CDAFACD26F7BF0C" box="[421,454,1352,1378]" captionStart="FIGURES 59 – 64" captionStartId="30.[151,269,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,441,1545]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,434,1616]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 59 – 64. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 59, subcapitulum, abbreviation: k, keel; 60, salivary stylus; 61, tarsus I, dorsal view, without pretarsal structures; 62, detail of dorsodistal sensillar complex of tarsus I; 63, enlarged detail of sigmoid seta “ s ”; 64, leg I, ventral view, excluding tarsus; note serrated apical sclerotized rims of segments." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180496/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">59</figureCitation>
), those of adult male similarly formed but more widely spaced, usually less convergent (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63DA6FAF52601BFE4" box="[217,304,1392,1418]" captionStart="FIGURES 26 – 29" captionStartId="18.[151,269,1250,1274]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,354,1192]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,354,1270]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 26 – 29. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult male: 26, subcapitulum; 27, chelicera and spermatodactyl, paraxial view; 28, tarsus II, anterolateral view; 29, tarsus IV, dorsal view, without pretarsus. Abbreviation: k, keel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180488/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
); internal malae slender, pointed, finely fringed in the female, broader, coarsely fringed and bifid apically in the male, not extending beyond tips of corniculi; salivary stylets split apically (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD639BEFA1D2203BFDC" box="[1217,1330,1432,1458]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[152,1425,197,1576]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1643]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. Figs. 1 – 5, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female: 1, subcapitulum; 2, labrum, ventral view; 3, salivary stylus; 4, tritosternum; 5, palpus, ventral view. Fig. 6, S. calyptrogynae n. sp., larva, chelicera, paraxial view. Figs. 7 – 9, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 7, tectum; 8, chelicera, dorso-paraxial view; 9 a, chelicera, movable digit, dorsal view; 9 b, chelicera, movable digit, antiaxial-ventral view (Figs. 2 – 4, same scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180480/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 1, 3</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD6383FFA1D22BFBFDC" box="[1344,1422,1432,1458]" captionStart="FIGURES 59 – 64" captionStartId="30.[151,269,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,441,1545]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,434,1616]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 59 – 64. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 59, subcapitulum, abbreviation: k, keel; 60, salivary stylus; 61, tarsus I, dorsal view, without pretarsal structures; 62, detail of dorsodistal sensillar complex of tarsus I; 63, enlarged detail of sigmoid seta “ s ”; 64, leg I, ventral view, excluding tarsus; note serrated apical sclerotized rims of segments." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180496/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">59, 60</figureCitation>
); labrum prominent, blade–like, projecting slightly beyond apices of corniculi, with smooth lateral margins (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63DE0FA6D27D6BC6C" box="[159,231,1512,1538]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[152,1425,197,1576]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1643]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. Figs. 1 – 5, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female: 1, subcapitulum; 2, labrum, ventral view; 3, salivary stylus; 4, tritosternum; 5, palpus, ventral view. Fig. 6, S. calyptrogynae n. sp., larva, chelicera, paraxial view. Figs. 7 – 9, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 7, tectum; 8, chelicera, dorso-paraxial view; 9 a, chelicera, movable digit, dorsal view; 9 b, chelicera, movable digit, antiaxial-ventral view (Figs. 2 – 4, same scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180480/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Deutosternum with 7 or 8 rows of subequally moderately narrow denticles, all rows connected. Palpi with normal setation and setal ontogeny as described for 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF90FFD63E46F995249FBC44" box="[825,942,1552,1578]" class="Arachnida" infraOrder="Gamasina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="infraOrder">Gamasina</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF90FFD63EA3F995234CBC44" author="Evans" box="[988,1149,1552,1578]" pageId="4" pageNumber="36" refString="Evans, G. O. (1964) Some observations on the chaetotaxy of the pedipalps in the Mesostigmata (Acari). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 13, 6, 513 - 527." type="journal article" year="1964">Evans (1964)</bibRefCitation>
, including only one seta on palptrochanter of protonymph; palpfemoral seta 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63F8BF9BD243BBC3F" box="[756,778,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">al</emphasis>
spatulate, palpgenual seta 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63938F9BD2344BC3F" box="[1095,1141,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">al-2</emphasis>
tapered or spatulate, and palpgenual seta 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63C2BF9E526B3BC17" box="[340,386,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">al-1</emphasis>
tapered; palptarsal apotele two-tined (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63E3AF9E524BCBC14" box="[837,909,1632,1658]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 9" captionStartId="9.[151,269,1577,1601]" captionTargetBox="[152,1425,197,1576]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,197,1643]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 9. Figs. 1 – 5, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female: 1, subcapitulum; 2, labrum, ventral view; 3, salivary stylus; 4, tritosternum; 5, palpus, ventral view. Fig. 6, S. calyptrogynae n. sp., larva, chelicera, paraxial view. Figs. 7 – 9, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 7, tectum; 8, chelicera, dorso-paraxial view; 9 a, chelicera, movable digit, dorsal view; 9 b, chelicera, movable digit, antiaxial-ventral view (Figs. 2 – 4, same scale)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180480/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF90FFD73DB9F90D23A5BBCC" blockId="4.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63DB9F90D27CCBCCF" box="[198,253,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Legs</emphasis>
. Legs I to IV with paired claws and rounded pulvilli well developed, inserted on well developed pretarsi. Legs of moderate length, I and IV no longer than dorsal shield. Ventral face of coxae I with serrated ridges and with six coxal glands, 2 anteriorly and 4 posteriorly (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63EF1F95D24D6BC9C" box="[910,999,1752,1778]" captionStart="FIGURES 59 – 64" captionStartId="30.[151,269,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,441,1545]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,434,1616]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 59 – 64. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 59, subcapitulum, abbreviation: k, keel; 60, salivary stylus; 61, tarsus I, dorsal view, without pretarsal structures; 62, detail of dorsodistal sensillar complex of tarsus I; 63, enlarged detail of sigmoid seta “ s ”; 64, leg I, ventral view, excluding tarsus; note serrated apical sclerotized rims of segments." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180496/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 64</figureCitation>
). Tarsus I with sensilla 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63980F95D223BBC9F" box="[1279,1290,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">s</emphasis>
inconspicuous, not lanceolate or elongate (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63F6AF8852596BD74" box="[533,679,1792,1818]" captionStart="FIGURES 59 – 64" captionStartId="30.[151,269,1546,1570]" captionTargetBox="[152,1432,441,1545]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[151,1436,434,1616]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 59 – 64. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult female: 59, subcapitulum, abbreviation: k, keel; 60, salivary stylus; 61, tarsus I, dorsal view, without pretarsal structures; 62, detail of dorsodistal sensillar complex of tarsus I; 63, enlarged detail of sigmoid seta “ s ”; 64, leg I, ventral view, excluding tarsus; note serrated apical sclerotized rims of segments." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180496/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 61–63</figureCitation>
). Tarsi II–IV with apical setal processes 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD639F1F88523F5BD77" box="[1166,1220,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">ad-1</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD639ABF8852238BD77" box="[1236,1289,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">pd-1</emphasis>
inconspicuous, less than half as long as pretarsi (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63F25F8AD258CBD2C" box="[602,701,1832,1858]" captionStart="FIGURES 26 – 29" captionStartId="18.[151,269,1250,1274]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,354,1192]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,354,1270]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 26 – 29. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult male: 26, subcapitulum; 27, chelicera and spermatodactyl, paraxial view; 28, tarsus II, anterolateral view; 29, tarsus IV, dorsal view, without pretarsus. Abbreviation: k, keel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180488/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figs. 28</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF90FFD63FB5F8AD25DABD2C" box="[714,747,1832,1858]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 34" captionStartId="19.[151,269,1464,1488]" captionTargetBox="[164,1434,194,1391]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,194,1440]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 34. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female. Figs. 30 – 33, dorsal views of legs excluding tarsi: 30, leg I; 31, leg II; 32, leg III; 33, leg IV; anterolateral (al) and posterolateral (pl) faces indicated by arrows. Fig. 34, tarsus IV, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180489/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">34</figureCitation>
). Complement of setae and their ontogeny on segments of legs I to IV normal for 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF90FFD63CCDF8D5257CBD04" box="[434,589,1872,1898]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Melicharidae</taxonomicName>
(as presented by 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF90FFD63E5DF8D52379BD04" author="Lindquist" box="[802,1096,1872,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="37" refString="Lindquist, E. E. &amp; Evans, G. O. (1965) Taxonomic concepts in the Ascidae, with a modified setal nomenclature for the idiosoma of the Gamasina (Acarina: Mesostigmata). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, No. 47, 1 - 64." type="book chapter" year="1965">Lindquist &amp; Evans 1965</bibRefCitation>
for Melicharini), setation of genua of legs I-II-III-IV, respectively, usually 
<date id="8E551017FF90FFD63FB7F8FD240EBDFC" box="[712,831,1912,1938]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1913-11-09" valueMax="1913-11-09" valueMin="1913-11-09">13-11-9-9</date>
, but genu IV sometimes with 10 setae when 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63813F8FD22ADBDFF" box="[1388,1436,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">pl-2</emphasis>
asymmetrically or pseudosymmetrically present; that of tibia usually 
<date id="8E551017FF90FFD63EBCF8252376BDD4" box="[963,1095,1952,1978]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1913-08-10" valueMax="1913-10-10" valueMin="1913-08-10">13-10-8-10</date>
(
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63927F82523B9BDD7" box="[1112,1160,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">pl-2</emphasis>
absent on tibia III), but tibia I sometimes with 12 setae when 
<date id="8E551017FF90FFD63F24F84D25B1BD8F" box="[603,640,1992,2017]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF90FFD63F24F84D25B1BD8F" box="[603,640,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">v-3</emphasis>
</date>
asymmetrically or pseudosymmetrically absent. Femora I–IV with dorsal seta 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73C63FF1D2663BADF" box="[284,338,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ad-1</emphasis>
thickened, less tapered than adjacent setae, usually progressively longer on legs I to IV, oarlike on femur IV and sometimes on femora I–III (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD73FA3FF45245DBAB4" box="[732,876,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURES 30 – 34" captionStartId="19.[151,269,1464,1488]" captionTargetBox="[164,1434,194,1391]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[151,1436,194,1440]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 30 – 34. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult female. Figs. 30 – 33, dorsal views of legs excluding tarsi: 30, leg I; 31, leg II; 32, leg III; 33, leg IV; anterolateral (al) and posterolateral (pl) faces indicated by arrows. Fig. 34, tarsus IV, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180489/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 30–33</figureCitation>
), more enlarged on male than female (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD73852FF452789BB6C" captionStart="FIGURES 65 – 69" captionStartId="31.[151,269,1219,1243]" captionTargetBox="[164,1431,194,1163]" captionTargetId="figure@31.[151,1436,194,1283]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="FIGURES 65 – 69. Figs. 65 – 67: Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., adult male: 65, tarsus IV, dorsolateral view, without pretarsus; 66, 67, femora IV, dorsal view: 66, “ short-haired ” morph; 67, “ long-haired ” morph. Figs. 68, 69, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult male, femora IV, dorsal view: 68, “ wartless ” morph; 69, “ warted ” morph." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180497/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 66– 69</figureCitation>
); femur II ventral setae unmodified on female and male; other leg setae (apart from dorsoapical sensory cluster on tarsus I) simple, unmodified on female, but many setae on dorsal and lateral faces of femora, genua and tibia thickened and blunt-tipped or clavate on adult male. Tarsus II of male also with dimorphically modified setae, including 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73CF6FEE5268CBB17" box="[393,445,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">av-1</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73CB4FEE526CEBB17" box="[459,511,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">av-2</emphasis>
, and sometimes 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73FBDFEE525C7BB17" box="[706,758,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">av-3</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73E78FEE52418BB17" box="[775,809,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">mv</emphasis>
) short, spine-like (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD7397AFEE5236DBB14" box="[1029,1116,352,378]" captionStart="FIGURES 26 – 29" captionStartId="18.[151,269,1250,1274]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,354,1192]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[151,1436,354,1270]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURES 26 – 29. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., adult male: 26, subcapitulum; 27, chelicera and spermatodactyl, paraxial view; 28, tarsus II, anterolateral view; 29, tarsus IV, dorsal view, without pretarsus. Abbreviation: k, keel." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180488/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
). Tarsi III–IV of adult male without knob- or spine-like setae, but with ventral setae more attenuate than on female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF91FFD73DB9FE2A2576B88C" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73DB9FE2A2658BBA7" bold="true" box="[198,361,431,457]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Deutonymph</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73C06FE352567BBA7" box="[377,598,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Idiosomal dorsum.</emphasis>
Dorsal shield with lateral incisions (sometimes indistinct) reaching to, or slightly mediad, level of setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73F64FE5D250BBB9F" box="[539,570,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Z1</emphasis>
, and with approximately 35 to 40 pairs of setae: about 16–18 pairs (
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73827FE5D261AB877" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">j1–j6, z2–z6, s3–s6</emphasis>
, and 1 to 3 pairs of extra setae) on podonotal region, and 15–18 pairs (
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73915FD852252B877" box="[1130,1379,512,537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">J1–J5, Z1–Z5, S1–S5</emphasis>
, and sometimes a few paired or asymmetrically unpaired setae amidst 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73ED7FDAD2484B82F" box="[936,949,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">J</emphasis>
series) on opisthonotal region (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD7384CFDAD22A7B82C" box="[1331,1430,552,578]" captionStart="FIGURES 16, 17" captionStartId="13.[151,269,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,556,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,554,1771]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 16, 17. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., deutonymph: 16, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 17, idiosoma, ventral aspect. Setae added to protonymphal complement denoted without parentheses; supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180483/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 16</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD73DE8FDD52788B804" box="[151,185,592,618]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 45" captionStartId="25.[151,269,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[154,1431,346,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,330,1936]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 45. Figs. 42, 43, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., deutonymph: 42, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 43, idiosoma, ventral aspect; supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’. Figs. 44, 45, dorsal subapical femoral setae legs I – IV, deutonymph: 44, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp.; 45, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180492/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">42</figureCitation>
). Soft cuticle with 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73CE6FDD52569B807" box="[409,600,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">z1, s1–s2, r2–r5</emphasis>
on podonotal region and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73EF6FDD524E9B807" box="[905,984,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">R1–R6</emphasis>
and 2 or 3 pairs of 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD739BCFDD523C8B807" box="[1219,1273,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">UR–</emphasis>
setae on opisthonotal region. Dorsal setae added to protonymphal complement denoted without parentheses in 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD73874FDFD225AB8FC" box="[1291,1387,632,658]" captionStart="FIGURES 16, 17" captionStartId="13.[151,269,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,556,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,554,1771]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 16, 17. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., deutonymph: 16, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 17, idiosoma, ventral aspect. Setae added to protonymphal complement denoted without parentheses; supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180483/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 16</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD73808FDFD22A9B8FC" box="[1399,1432,632,658]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 45" captionStartId="25.[151,269,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[154,1431,346,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,330,1936]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 45. Figs. 42, 43, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., deutonymph: 42, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 43, idiosoma, ventral aspect; supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’. Figs. 44, 45, dorsal subapical femoral setae legs I – IV, deutonymph: 44, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp.; 45, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180492/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">42</figureCitation>
. Dorsal idiosomal complement of poroids and gland-pores similar to that in female; paravertical poroids 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73814FD2522AAB8D7" box="[1387,1435,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ipz1</emphasis>
added to protonymphal complement.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF91FFD73DB9FD752464BE1C" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73DB9FD7526A0B967" box="[198,401,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Idiosomal venter.</emphasis>
Sternal shield with endopodal extensions between coxae I–II and II–III but not between III–IV, and with 4 pairs of setae and 3 pairs of poroids; setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73E1AFC9D24B6B95F" box="[869,903,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">st5</emphasis>
and paragenital poroids inserted on soft cuticle at level of posterior margin of shield (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD73FFFFCC525D2B934" box="[640,739,832,858]" captionStart="FIGURES 16, 17" captionStartId="13.[151,269,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,556,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,554,1771]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 16, 17. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., deutonymph: 16, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 17, idiosoma, ventral aspect. Setae added to protonymphal complement denoted without parentheses; supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180483/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 17</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD73F8FFCC52420B934" box="[752,785,832,858]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 45" captionStartId="25.[151,269,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[154,1431,346,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,330,1936]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 45. Figs. 42, 43, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., deutonymph: 42, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 43, idiosoma, ventral aspect; supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’. Figs. 44, 45, dorsal subapical femoral setae legs I – IV, deutonymph: 44, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp.; 45, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180492/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">43</figureCitation>
). Anal shield subcircular; adanal pores on lateral edges of shield at level of posterior margin of anal opening; cribrum as in adult female. Opisthogaster with 8 to 10 pairs of ventral setae (
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73CDFFC15253BB9C7" box="[416,522,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">JV1–JV5</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73F66FC1525BBB9C7" box="[537,650,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZV1–ZV3</emphasis>
and sometimes 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73E34FC15248DB9C7" box="[843,956,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZV4, ZV5</emphasis>
) plus 1 or 2 adjacent 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD739BEFC1523C6B9C7" box="[1217,1271,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">UR–</emphasis>
setae; ventral setae added to protonymphal compliment denoted without parentheses in 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD7397AFC3D2356B9BC" box="[1029,1127,952,978]" captionStart="FIGURES 16, 17" captionStartId="13.[151,269,1731,1755]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,556,1730]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,554,1771]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 16, 17. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., deutonymph: 16, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 17, idiosoma, ventral aspect. Setae added to protonymphal complement denoted without parentheses; supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180483/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 17</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD7390AFC3D23A7B9BC" box="[1141,1174,952,978]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 45" captionStartId="25.[151,269,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[154,1431,346,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,330,1936]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 45. Figs. 42, 43, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., deutonymph: 42, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 43, idiosoma, ventral aspect; supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’. Figs. 44, 45, dorsal subapical femoral setae legs I – IV, deutonymph: 44, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp.; 45, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180492/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">43</figureCitation>
; 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD739DBFC3D2227B9BF" box="[1188,1302,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ZV4, ZV5</emphasis>
sometimes absent. Peritrematal shields not uniting with dorsal shield. Poststigmatic poroid 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73944FC652351B997" box="[1083,1120,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ip3</emphasis>
contiguous with stigma on posterior edge of peritrematal shield, poststigmatic poroid 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73E32FB8D2442BE4F" box="[845,883,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ip4</emphasis>
on soft cuticle; poroid 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD739F6FB8D239EBE4F" box="[1161,1199,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ip2</emphasis>
and gland pore 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD7380FFB8D22ADBE4F" box="[1392,1436,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">gp1</emphasis>
near midlength of peritreme between coxae II and III on soft cuticle. Rim of exopodal plates behind coxae IV well delineated, with gland pore 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73F68FBDD2573BE1F" box="[535,578,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">gv2</emphasis>
at its medial extremity.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF91FFD73DB9FB0526A5BEAC" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73DB9FB052655BEF7" box="[198,356,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF91FFD73DB9FB052651BEF7" box="[198,352,1152,1177]" class="Secernentea" family="Gnathostomatidae" genus="Gnathosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Gnathosoma</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Tectum, chelicerae, salivary stylets, corniculi, deutosternal structures and palpi similar to those in adult female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF91FFD73DB9FB55250EBFB4" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73DB9FB552634BE87" box="[198,261,1232,1257]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Legs.</emphasis>
Pretarsi, claws, and chaetotaxy of legs I–IV as in adult, including these additions to protonymphal setal complement: 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73C0CFB7D2698BF7F" box="[371,425,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ad-3</emphasis>
on femora I–IV, 
<date id="8E551017FF91FFD73F11FB7D25A5BF7F" box="[622,660,1272,1297]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73F11FB7D25A5BF7F" box="[622,660,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">v-3</emphasis>
</date>
on femora I–II, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73E2DFB7D24B0BF7F" box="[850,897,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">al-2</emphasis>
on femur II; 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73964FB7D237BBF7F" box="[1051,1098,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">al-2</emphasis>
on genua I–IV, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD7387CFB7D2209BF7F" box="[1283,1336,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ad-3</emphasis>
on genu I, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73DCFFAA527D4BF57" box="[176,229,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ad-2</emphasis>
on genu IV, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73C01FAA52684BF57" box="[382,437,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">pd-3</emphasis>
on genua I and IV, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73FE1FAA525FCBF57" box="[670,717,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">pl-2</emphasis>
on genua I–III, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73EF2FAA5248DBF57" box="[909,956,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">pl-1</emphasis>
and rarely 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD7393CFAA52342BF57" box="[1091,1139,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">pl-2</emphasis>
on genu IV, usually 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73817FAA522ADBF57" box="[1384,1436,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">av-2</emphasis>
on genu I, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73C6BFACD2679BF0F" box="[276,328,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">av-1</emphasis>
on genua II–IV, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73F71FACD2573BF0F" box="[526,578,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">pv-1</emphasis>
on genua II–III; 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73E74FACD240BBF0F" box="[779,826,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">al-2</emphasis>
on tibiae I–IV, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73E8EFACD2317BF0F" box="[1009,1062,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ad-3</emphasis>
on tibia I, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD739D9FACD23EDBF0F" box="[1190,1244,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ad-2</emphasis>
on tibia II, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73819FACD22ADBF0F" box="[1382,1436,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">pd-3</emphasis>
on tibiae I and IV, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73C0FFAF52691BFE7" box="[368,416,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">pl-2</emphasis>
on tibiae I, II, IV, usually 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73FABFAF52439BFE7" box="[724,776,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">av-2</emphasis>
on tibia I. Femora I–IV with dorsal seta 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73999FAF5222ABFE7" box="[1254,1307,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">ad-1</emphasis>
thickened, less tapered than adjacent setae, usually progressively longer on legs I to IV, oar-like on femur IV and sometimes on femora I–III (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD73CDDFA452500BFB4" box="[418,561,1472,1498]" captionStart="FIGURES 42 – 45" captionStartId="25.[151,269,1816,1840]" captionTargetBox="[154,1431,346,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1436,330,1936]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURES 42 – 45. Figs. 42, 43, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp., deutonymph: 42, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 43, idiosoma, ventral aspect; supernumerary setae denoted by ‘ x’. Figs. 44, 45, dorsal subapical femoral setae legs I – IV, deutonymph: 44, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp.; 45, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180492/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs. 44, 45</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF91FFD73DB9FA62223BBD74" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73DB9FA622652BC6F" bold="true" box="[198,355,1511,1537]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Protonymph</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73C0CFA6D257EBC6F" box="[371,591,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Idiosomal dorsum.</emphasis>
Body dorsum with sclerotized podonotal and pygidial shields, and with 30 pairs of setae: 11 pairs on podonotal shield, 4 pairs on lateral soft cuticle beside podonotal shield, 7 pairs on interscutal soft cuticle, and 8 pairs on pygidial shield; dorsal setae added to larval complement denoted without parentheses in 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD73C08F9E526E1BC14" box="[375,464,1632,1658]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 15" captionStartId="11.[151,269,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,492,1528]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,394,1627]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 15. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., protonymph: 13, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 14, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 15, tectum. Setae added to larval complement denoted without parentheses." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180482/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
. Mesonotal scutellae weakly sclerotized as 3 pairs of sigillae laterad setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73831F9E522A5BC17" box="[1358,1428,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">J1–J2</emphasis>
. Body dorsum with complement of 22 pairs of discernible pore-like structures, of which 15 (3–4 on podonotal shield, 6–7 on soft cuticle, 5 on pygidial shield) non-secretory (poroids) and 7 (4 on podonotal shield, 1 on soft cuticle, 2 on pygidial shield) superficially appear to be secretory (gland pores). Peritrematal region on each side with 5 or 6 pore-like structures, of which 3 poroids and 2 or 3 appear to be gland pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF91FFD43DB9F8AD25E3BADC" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73DB9F8AD26A3BD2F" box="[198,402,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Idiosomal venter.</emphasis>
Sternal shield with endopodal extensions between coxae I–II and II–III, with 3 pairs of setae and 2 pairs of poroids (third pair absent); setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF91FFD73F82F8D52411BD07" box="[765,800,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">st5</emphasis>
inserted on soft cuticle at level of posterior margins of legs IV (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF91FFD73D81F8FD2666BDFC" box="[254,343,1912,1938]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 15" captionStartId="11.[151,269,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,492,1528]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,394,1627]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 15. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., protonymph: 13, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 14, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 15, tectum. Setae added to larval complement denoted without parentheses." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180482/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Anal shield, circumanal setae, adanal pores, and cribrum similar in form, size and position to those on deutonymph. Opisthogaster with 4 pairs of ventral setae on soft cuticle around anal shield. Poststigmatic poroid and gland pore, and poroid and gland pore anterior to apex of peritreme between coxae II and III on soft cuticle. Exopodal plates indiscernible.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF92FFD43DB9FF4524BCBB44" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43DB9FF452655BAB7" box="[198,356,192,217]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43DB9FF452651BAB7" box="[198,352,192,217]" class="Secernentea" family="Gnathostomatidae" genus="Gnathosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Gnathosoma</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Tectum more broadly triangular and bluntly pointed than in deutonymph (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF92FFD43992FF452277BAB4" box="[1261,1350,192,218]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 15" captionStartId="11.[151,269,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,492,1528]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,394,1627]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 15. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., protonymph: 13, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 14, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 15, tectum. Setae added to larval complement denoted without parentheses." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180482/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
); other gnathosomatic structures similar to those in deutonymph, except palpi with normal protonymphal complement of setae (see 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF92FFD43C0EFE9526CEBB44" author="Evans" box="[369,511,272,298]" pageId="6" pageNumber="36" refString="Evans, G. O. (1964) Some observations on the chaetotaxy of the pedipalps in the Mesostigmata (Acari). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 13, 6, 513 - 527." type="journal article" year="1964">Evans 1964</bibRefCitation>
), including only 1 trochanter seta.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF92FFD43DB9FEBD22A4BBA4" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43DB9FEBD2634BB3F" box="[198,261,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Legs.</emphasis>
Legs I-II-III-IV with pretarsi, well-developed claws, and with normal protonymphal complement of setae as described for 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43CE8FEE526C4BB14" box="[407,501,352,378]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ascidae</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF92FFD43F5FFEE52459BB14" author="Lindquist" box="[544,872,352,378]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" refString="Lindquist, E. E. &amp; Evans, G. O. (1965) Taxonomic concepts in the Ascidae, with a modified setal nomenclature for the idiosoma of the Gamasina (Acarina: Mesostigmata). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, No. 47, 1 - 64." type="book chapter" year="1965">Lindquist and Evans (1965)</bibRefCitation>
: coxae, 2-2-2-1; trochanters 4-4-4-4; femora 
<date id="8E551017FF92FFD4380AFEE527E9BBCC" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1910-08-05" valueMax="1910-08-04" valueMin="1910-08-05">10- 8-5-4</date>
, including 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43C23FE0D2649BBCF" box="[348,376,392,417]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">pv</emphasis>
added to larval complement on femur II; genua 8-6-6-5; tibiae 8-7-7-7. Femora I–IV with dorsal seta 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43C65FE35267EBBA7" box="[282,335,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ad-1</emphasis>
thicker, less tapered than adjacent simple setae, and sometimes rod- or oar-like (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF92FFD43985FE3522B9BBA4" box="[1274,1416,432,458]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 41" captionStartId="24.[151,269,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,313,1131]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[148,1433,288,1233]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 41. Dorsal subapical femoral setae of legs. Figs. 38, 39, larval femora I – III: 38, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp.; 39, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp. Figs. 40, 41, protonymphal femora I – IV: 40, S. calyptrogynae n. sp.; 41, S." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180491/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 40, 41</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF92FFD43DB9FE52269DB964" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43DB9FE52262BBB9F" bold="true" box="[198,282,471,497]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Larva.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43C5AFE5D2534BB9F" box="[293,517,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Idiosomal dorsum.</emphasis>
Body dorsum with sclerotized podonotal and pygidial shields, and with 12 pairs of setae plus alveolar rudiments of 3 other pairs: 9 pairs of setae on podonotal shield (denoted in 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF92FFD43812FD852786B82C" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 12" captionStartId="10.[151,269,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,385,1580]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,354,1612]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 12. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., larva: 10, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 11, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 12, tectum, variations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180481/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
), 3 pairs of setae (
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43CF3FDAD26CDB82F" box="[396,508,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">s6, S3, S4</emphasis>
) plus alveolar rudiments of 2 other pairs (
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43E98FDAD231CB82F" box="[999,1069,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">J2, J3</emphasis>
) on soft interscutal cuticle, and 2 pairs of setae (
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43C23FDD52698B807" box="[348,425,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Z3, Z4</emphasis>
) plus alveolar rudiments of 2 other pairs (
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43EDFFDD524D6B807" box="[928,999,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">J4, J5</emphasis>
) on pygidial shield. Setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD4385AFDD52273B807" box="[1317,1346,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S5</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43802FDD522ADB807" box="[1405,1436,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Z5</emphasis>
present on soft cuticle ventrolaterally (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF92FFD43F12FDFD25F6B8FC" box="[621,711,632,658]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 12" captionStartId="10.[151,269,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,385,1580]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,354,1612]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 12. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., larva: 10, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 11, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 12, tectum, variations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180481/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Body dorsum with complement of 16 pairs of discernible pore-like structures, of which 12 (4 on podonotal shield, 5 on soft cuticle, 3 on pygidial shield) superficially appear to be non-secretory (poroids) and 4 (2 on podonotal shield, 1 on soft cuticle, 1 on pygidial shield) secretory (gland pores).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF92FFD43DB0FC9D22A4B9BC" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43DB0FC9D26AAB95F" box="[207,411,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Idiosomal venter.</emphasis>
Sternal shield with endopodal extensions between coxae I–II and slightly between II– III, with 3 pairs of setae and 2 pairs of poroids (third pair absent); pair of subcutaneous structures evident at level of posterior margins of coxae III (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF92FFD43F0EFCED25F9B9EC" box="[625,712,872,898]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 12" captionStartId="10.[151,269,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,385,1580]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,354,1612]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 12. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., larva: 10, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 11, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 12, tectum, variations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180481/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Anal shield oval, with para-anal setae longer than postanal seta; anal valves lacking euanal setae and their alveolar rudiments; cribrum absent. Opisthogaster with 3 or 4 pairs of ventral setae (
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43CE5FC3D2576B9BF" box="[410,583,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">JV1, JV2, JV5,</emphasis>
sometimes 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43FACFC3D2432B9BF" box="[723,771,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ZV2</emphasis>
) plus setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43EF1FC3D249AB9BF" box="[910,939,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S5</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43E9BFC3D2335B9BF" box="[996,1028,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Z5</emphasis>
on soft cuticle around anal shield.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF92FFD43DB9FC6524BFBEF4" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43DB9FC652655B997" box="[198,356,992,1017]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43DB9FC652651B997" box="[198,352,992,1017]" class="Secernentea" family="Gnathostomatidae" genus="Gnathosoma" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirurida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Nematoda" rank="genus">Gnathosoma</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Tectum broadly, irregularly triangular (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF92FFD43E45FC6524A2B994" box="[826,915,992,1018]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 12" captionStartId="10.[151,269,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,385,1580]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,354,1612]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 12. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., larva: 10, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 11, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 12, tectum, variations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180481/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
). Fixed digit of chelicera with dentition and pilus dentilis lobe as in protonymph; movable chela edentate or with one minute tooth, and with ventral mucro (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF92FFD43DE0FBB527C6BE24" box="[159,247,1072,1098]" captionStart="FIGURES 35 – 37" captionStartId="22.[151,269,1758,1782]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,598,1757]" captionTargetId="figure@22.[151,1436,594,1776]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="FIGURES 35 – 37. Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp. 35, larva, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 36, protonymph, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 37, larva, chelicera, adaxial view. Abbreviation: v m, ventral mucro." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180490/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
). Subcapitulum with salivary stylets, corniculi, internal malae and rows of deutosternal denticles as in protonymph; with 2 pairs of hypostomatic setae. Palpi with normal larval complement of setae, including none on trochanter, as described for 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43F3FFB052584BEF4" box="[576,693,1152,1178]" class="Arachnida" infraOrder="Gamasina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="infraOrder">Gamasina</taxonomicName>
(see 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF92FFD43F8BFB0524B0BEF4" author="Evans" box="[756,897,1152,1178]" pageId="6" pageNumber="36" refString="Evans, G. O. (1964) Some observations on the chaetotaxy of the pedipalps in the Mesostigmata (Acari). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 13, 6, 513 - 527." type="journal article" year="1964">Evans 1964</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF92FFD43DB9FB2D24E4BF54" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43DB9FB2D2634BEAF" box="[198,261,1192,1217]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Legs.</emphasis>
Legs I-II-III with pretarsi, well-developed claws, and with normal larval complement of setae as described for 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43C45FB5526A9BE84" box="[314,408,1232,1258]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ascidae</taxonomicName>
by 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF92FFD43CBAFB552422BE84" author="Lindquist" box="[453,787,1232,1258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="37" refString="Lindquist, E. E. &amp; Evans, G. O. (1965) Taxonomic concepts in the Ascidae, with a modified setal nomenclature for the idiosoma of the Gamasina (Acarina: Mesostigmata). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, No. 47, 1 - 64." type="book chapter" year="1965">Lindquist and Evans (1965)</bibRefCitation>
: coxae, 2-2-2; trochanters 4-4-4; femora 
<date id="8E551017FF92FFD43988FB552278BE84" box="[1271,1353,1232,1258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1910-05-07">10-7-5</date>
; genua 8-6-6; tibiae 8-7-7. Femora I–III with dorsal seta 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43FA5FB7D243EBF7F" box="[730,783,1272,1297]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">ad-1</emphasis>
either slightly more thick and less tapered or untapered and rod- or oar-like in contrast to adjacent femoral setae (
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF92FFD43E47FAA524F9BF54" box="[824,968,1312,1338]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 41" captionStartId="24.[151,269,1163,1187]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,313,1131]" captionTargetId="figure@24.[148,1433,288,1233]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 41. Dorsal subapical femoral setae of legs. Figs. 38, 39, larval femora I – III: 38, Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp.; 39, Spadiseius spathiphyllae n. sp. Figs. 40, 41, protonymphal femora I – IV: 40, S. calyptrogynae n. sp.; 41, S." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180491/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs. 38, 39</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2F1655CFF92FFD43DB9FAC226AABC44" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF92FFD43DB9FAC226AABC44" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43DB9FAC2267ABF0F" bold="true" box="[198,331,1351,1377]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Etymology</emphasis>
. The name of the genus is a Latinized combination of the botanical term 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD439B5FACD2227BF0F" box="[1226,1302,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">spadix</emphasis>
, a rod-like spike bearing minute flowers usually enclosed within a sheath-like spathe on the same axis, and derived from Latin, based on a Greek word meaning a torn-off branch or frond, especially of a palm, and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD4399FFA1D222ABFDF" box="[1248,1307,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">seius</emphasis>
or 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD4383BFA1D224FBFDF" box="[1348,1406,1432,1457]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">sejus</emphasis>
, a Roman surname used by many authors to form names for genera of mesostigmatic mites. The name is masculine in gender, and is intended to refer to the spadix- or spike-like form of inflorescences of aroids and palms harboring these mites.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2F1655CFF92FFD43DB9F9B22206BD74" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF92FFD43DB9F9B225A7BCA4" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43DB9F9B22536BC3F" bold="true" box="[198,519,1591,1617]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Distribution and habitats</emphasis>
. Material available of this genus is associated with aroid and palm inflorescences and their pollinators from just two localities in 
<collectingCountry id="82FC7647FF92FFD43E58F9E52498BC14" box="[807,937,1632,1658]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
and 
<collectingCountry id="82FC7647FF92FFD43E9AF9E52301BC14" box="[997,1072,1632,1658]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. Collection details for the two described species are presented with the description of each species, below. Data given on the slide labels of the four undescribed species are as follows:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF92FFD43DBAF95D2206BD74" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43DBAF95D2673BC9F" box="[197,322,1752,1777]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43DBAF95D2673BC9F" box="[197,322,1752,1777]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Spadiseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 3, 
<specimenCount id="ECEDFD5EFF92FFD43CF0F95D26AFBC9C" box="[399,414,1752,1778]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">5</specimenCount>
females, 
<specimenCount id="ECEDFD5EFF92FFD43F70F95D2550BC9C" box="[527,609,1752,1778]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
: 
<collectingCountry id="82FC7647FF92FFD43F12F95D25DEBC9C" box="[621,751,1752,1778]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
, Heredia Province, La Selva Biological Station (
<geoCoordinate id="9FDF5010FF92FFD43858F95D279EBD74" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="15" value="10.433611">10° 26' 1&quot; N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9FDF5010FF92FFD43DC4F8852674BD74" box="[187,325,1792,1818]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="15" value="-84.01723">84° 1' 2&quot; W</geoCoordinate>
) elevation 
<quantity id="3D139B32FF92FFD43CB7F8852570BD74" box="[456,577,1792,1818]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="100.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="50.0">50–150 m</quantity>
, 
<date id="8E551017FF92FFD43F33F8852439BD74" box="[588,776,1792,1818]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="1997-06-01" valueMax="1997-06-29" valueMin="1997-06-01">1–29 June 1997</date>
, coll. E.E. Lindquist, ex “Palmae” (
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD439D5F885221ABD74" box="[1194,1323,1792,1818]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2F1655CFF92FFD53DBAF8AD2446BB6C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF92FFD43DBAF8AD22A7BD04" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43DBAF8AD2673BD2F" box="[197,322,1832,1857]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43DBAF8AD2673BD2F" box="[197,322,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Spadiseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 4, 
<specimenCount id="ECEDFD5EFF92FFD43CEEF8AD26AEBD2C" box="[401,415,1832,1858]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">1</specimenCount>
female, 
<specimenCount id="ECEDFD5EFF92FFD43F79F8AD2568BD2C" box="[518,601,1832,1858]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
: 
<collectingCountry id="82FC7647FF92FFD43F1AF8AD259EBD2C" box="[613,687,1832,1858]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, São Paulo State, Pariquera-Açu area (
<geoCoordinate id="9FDF5010FF92FFD4390AF8AD23D3BD2C" box="[1141,1250,1832,1858]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="925" value="-24.6">24° 36' S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9FDF5010FF92FFD43990F8AD2258BD2C" box="[1263,1385,1832,1858]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="925" value="-47.883335">47° 53' W</geoCoordinate>
), 
<date id="8E551017FF92FFD43801F8AD2607BD04" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2000-01-17">17 January 2000</date>
, coll. L.V.F. Silva, ex 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43F4CF8D52581BD04" box="[563,688,1872,1898]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
, terminal shoot of 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43EF9F8D522A7BD04" authority="(Schott) Burret." authorityName="(Schott) Burret." box="[902,1430,1872,1898]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Astrocaryum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aculeatissimum">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43EF9F8D523E8BD07" box="[902,1241,1872,1897]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Astrocaryum aculeatissimum</emphasis>
(Schott) Burret.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF92FFD43DBAF8FD24E0BDD4" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43DBAF8FD2673BDFF" box="[197,322,1912,1937]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43DBAF8FD2673BDFF" box="[197,322,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Spadiseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 5, 
<specimenCount id="ECEDFD5EFF92FFD43CF1F8FD26ACBDFC" box="[398,413,1912,1938]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">2</specimenCount>
females: 
<collectingCountry id="82FC7647FF92FFD43F71F8FD2569BDFC" box="[526,600,1912,1938]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, São Paulo State, Pariquera-Açu area (
<geoCoordinate id="9FDF5010FF92FFD43967F8FD23B5BDFC" box="[1048,1156,1912,1938]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="925" value="-24.6">24° 36' S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="9FDF5010FF92FFD439EEF8FD2239BDFC" box="[1169,1288,1912,1938]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" precision="925" value="-47.883335">47° 53' W</geoCoordinate>
), 
<date id="8E551017FF92FFD43862F8FD27E4BDD4" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2000-01-19">19 January 2000</date>
, coll. L.V.F. Silva, ex 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43CA8F8252565BDD4" box="[471,596,1952,1978]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
, flowers of 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43FA1F82524E0BDD4" authority="Mart." authorityName="Mart." box="[734,977,1952,1978]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Euterpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arecales" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edulis">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43FA1F82524B8BDD7" box="[734,905,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Euterpe edulis</emphasis>
Mart.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF92FFD53DBAF84D25A1BADC" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,2018]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,152,1258]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF92FFD43DBAF84D2673BD8F" box="[197,322,1992,2017]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF92FFD43DBAF84D2673BD8F" box="[197,322,1992,2017]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Spadiseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 6, 
<specimenCount id="ECEDFD5EFF92FFD43CEFF84D26AEBD8C" box="[400,415,1992,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">1</specimenCount>
female: 
<collectingCountry id="82FC7647FF92FFD43F79F84D2561BD8C" box="[518,592,1992,2018]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, São Paulo State, Pariquera-Açu, 
<date id="8E551017FF92FFD43EA4F84D2391BD8C" box="[987,1184,1992,2018]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" value="2000-01-19">19 January 2000</date>
, coll. L.V.F. Silva, ex 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53DE8FF1D2625BADC" box="[151,276,152,178]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Arecaceae</taxonomicName>
, flowers of 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53CE1FF1D25A1BADC" authority="Mart." authorityName="Mart." box="[414,656,152,178]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Euterpe" kingdom="Animalia" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="edulis">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53CE1FF1D2578BADF" box="[414,585,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Euterpe edulis</emphasis>
Mart.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF93FFD53DBAFF452446BB6C" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1258]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Specimens of species 5 and 6 have the same collection data, but whether they were from different flowers of the same host or coexistent in the same flowers is uncertain.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B2F1655CFF93FFDA3DB9FE8A26FCBE1C" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF93FFD53DB9FE8A26DAB82C" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1258]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53DB9FE8A2609BB47" bold="true" box="[198,312,271,297]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks</emphasis>
. 
<collectingCountry id="82FC7647FF93FFD53C36FE95265BBB44" box="[329,362,272,298]" name="American Samoa" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">As</collectingCountry>
noted in the diagnosis, the genus 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53E78FE9524B5BB47" box="[775,900,272,297]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53E78FE9524B5BB47" box="[775,900,272,297]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Spadiseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is based on three apomorphies, all of which appear to be unique, or autapomorphic, among the known taxa of 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53EDAFEBD2375BB3C" box="[933,1092,312,338]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Melicharidae</taxonomicName>
: (1) the presence of supernumerary setae in specific areas of the anterior and sometimes the posterior regions of the dorsal shield in deutonymphs and adults; (2) some to many of the peripheral setae of the dorsal shield enlarged dimorphically to form a corona of attenuate or clavate or capitate setae in adult males, in contrast to their generally simple setal counterparts in females; and (3) femora I–IV of nymphs and adults with seta 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD5391CFE5D23A9BB9F" box="[1123,1176,472,497]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ad-1</emphasis>
thick, poorly tapered, and sometimes rod- or oar-like (generally oar-like on femur IV of deutonymph and adult female), in distinction to adjacent simple setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF93FFD53DB9FDD522B2BE4C" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1258]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Within the known taxa of 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53F7CFDD52590B804" box="[515,673,592,618]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Melicharidae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53FD1FDD5241AB807" box="[686,811,592,617]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53FD1FDD5241AB807" box="[686,811,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Spadiseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
seems most closely related to the genera 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD5385BFDD526C8B8FC" authority="Naskrecki &amp; Colwell (1995)" authorityName="Naskrecki &amp; Colwell" authorityYear="1995" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Xanthippe" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD5385BFDD522ADB807" box="[1316,1436,592,617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Xanthippe</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF93FFD53DE8FDFD26C8B8FC" author="Naskrecki" box="[151,505,632,658]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" refString="Naskrecki, P. &amp; Colwell, R. K. (1995) New genus and two new species of Melicharini from Venezuela (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America, 88, 284 - 293." type="journal article" year="1995">Naskrecki &amp; Colwell (1995)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53F41FDFD24A8B8FC" authority="Baker &amp; Yunker" authorityName="Baker &amp; Yunker" box="[574,921,632,658]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Rhinoseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53F41FDFD258EB8FF" box="[574,703,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhinoseius</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="82FC7647FF93FFD53FB3FDFD2423B8FC" box="[716,786,632,658]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Baker</collectingCountry>
&amp; Yunker
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53EA1FDFD26DFB8D4" authority="Baker &amp; Yunker sensu Naskrecki &amp; Colwell (1998)" authorityName="Baker &amp; Yunker sensu Naskrecki &amp; Colwell" authorityYear="1998" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Tropicoseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53EA1FDFD2342B8FF" box="[990,1139,632,657]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tropicoseius</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="82FC7647FF93FFD539FEFDFD23F6B8FC" box="[1153,1223,632,658]" name="United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Baker</collectingCountry>
&amp; Yunker sensu 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF93FFD53DE8FD2526DFB8D4" author="Naskrecki" box="[151,494,672,698]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" refString="Naskrecki, P. &amp; Colwell, R. K. (1998) Systematic and host plant affiliations of hummingbird flower mites of the genera Tropicoseius Baker &amp; Yunker and Rhinoseius Baker &amp; Yunker (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae). Thomas Say Publications in Entomology. Monographs, Entomological Society of America, Latham, MD, 185 pp." type="book" year="1998">Naskrecki &amp; Colwell (1998)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, based on the shared derived attribute of setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD5395BFD252369B8D7" box="[1060,1112,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">av-1</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53916FD2523ACB8D7" box="[1129,1181,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">av-2</emphasis>
, and sometimes 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53817FD2522ADB8D7" box="[1384,1436,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">av-3</emphasis>
(also denoted as 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53C24FD4D264CB88F" box="[347,381,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">mv</emphasis>
) modified as stout, spine-like structures on tarsus II of adult males. 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD539E5FD4D2222B88F" box="[1178,1299,712,737]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Xanthippe" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD539E5FD4D2222B88F" box="[1178,1299,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Xanthippe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is based on but two species, which live in inflorescences of the same species of palm, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53973FD7523C5B967" box="[1036,1268,752,777]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53973FD7523C1B967" box="[1036,1264,752,777]" class="Liliopsida" family="Arecaceae" genus="Socratea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Arecales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="exorrhiza">Socratea exorrhiza</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
in 
<collectingCountry id="82FC7647FF93FFD53863FD7522A9B964" box="[1308,1432,752,778]" name="Venezuela" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, and whose adult females are phoretic on pollinating beetles of the nitidulid genus 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD539FFFC9D23DDB95F" box="[1152,1260,792,817]" class="Insecta" family="Nitidulidae" genus="Mystrops" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD539FFFC9D23DDB95F" box="[1152,1260,792,817]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Mystrops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This taxon is thought to represent the sister group (or immediate outgroup) of the also Neotropical flower-dwelling genera 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53DE8FCED2629B9EF" box="[151,280,872,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Rhinoseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53DE8FCED2629B9EF" box="[151,280,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Rhinoseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53C23FCED26C0B9EF" box="[348,497,872,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Tropicoseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53C23FCED26C0B9EF" box="[348,497,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Tropicoseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whose adult females are phoretic on hummingbirds (
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF93FFD539EAFCED27E7B9C4" author="Naskrecki" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" refString="Naskrecki, P. &amp; Colwell, R. K. (1998) Systematic and host plant affiliations of hummingbird flower mites of the genera Tropicoseius Baker &amp; Yunker and Rhinoseius Baker &amp; Yunker (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae). Thomas Say Publications in Entomology. Monographs, Entomological Society of America, Latham, MD, 185 pp." type="book" year="1998">Naskrecki &amp; Colwell 1998</bibRefCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53D93FC152658B9C7" box="[236,361,912,937]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53D93FC152658B9C7" box="[236,361,912,937]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Spadiseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is tentatively considered here to be the immediate outgroup of those three genera, as it is plesiomorphic relative to them in its adult males not having enlarged or otherwise modified ventral setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53823FC3D2249B9BF" box="[1372,1400,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">av</emphasis>
on the femur, genu, and tibia of leg II, in its adult females and males not retaining a deutonymphal division or lateral incisions on the dorsal shield, and in its deutonymphs and adults retaining setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD5390AFB8D23BEBE4F" box="[1141,1167,1032,1057]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">z3</emphasis>
on the dorsal shield.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF93FFD53DB9FBB52624BE84" blockId="7.[151,1437,152,1258]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
In a key to world genera of 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53F5DFBB525B1BE24" box="[546,640,1072,1098]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Ascidae</taxonomicName>
presented by 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF93FFD53E52FBB52307BE24" box="[813,1078,1072,1098]" pageId="7" pageNumber="37" refString="Halliday, R. B., Walter, D. E. &amp; Lindquist, E. E. (1998) Revision of the Australian Ascidae (Acarina: Mesostigmata). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 12, 1 - 54." type="journal article">
Halliday 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53EE2FBB524EABE27" box="[925,987,1072,1097]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
(1998)
</bibRefCitation>
, the genera comprising 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53824FBB52532BE1F" authority="Lindquist et al." authorityName="Lindquist et al." class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">
Melicharidae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53C7CFBDD2675BE1F" box="[259,324,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">sensu</emphasis>
Lindquist 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53CB9FBDD2532BE1F" box="[454,515,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(in press) track through the second part of couplet 19 to couplets 26 through 33. Other than the dorsal shield of adults being slightly hypertrichous rather than holotrichous, 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53861FB0522ADBEF7" box="[1310,1436,1152,1177]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53861FB0522ADBEF7" box="[1310,1436,1152,1177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Spadiseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tracks readily through couplet 26 to couplet 28, where an additional couplet may be inserted to account for this genus:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF93FFD53DE8FAA522A5BC6F" blockId="7.[151,1436,1312,1738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
28A(26). Dorsal shield of adults entire, slightly to notably hypertrichous, with one to several pairs of supernumerary setae inserted near setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53FF7FACD25AFBF0F" box="[648,670,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">j6</emphasis>
and sometimes among setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53E86FACD230ABF0F" box="[1017,1083,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">z3–z5</emphasis>
, 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53934FACD23BFBF0F" box="[1099,1166,1352,1377]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">s3–s5</emphasis>
on anterior region and sometimes among setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53F54FAF52540BFE7" box="[555,625,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">J1–J4</emphasis>
on posterior region; femur IV of female with dorsal seta 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD5385EFAF52266BFE7" box="[1313,1367,1392,1417]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ad-1</emphasis>
untapered, rod-like or oar-like, in distinction to adjacent simple setae; dorsal shield of male with peripheral setae enlarged to form a corona of basally thick and apically clavate or capitate or attenuate setae, in contrast to their generally simple setal counterparts in females 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD5392DFA6D22A5BC6F" box="[1106,1428,1512,1537]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
.......................... 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53868FA6D22A5BC6F" box="[1303,1428,1512,1537]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Spadiseius</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF93FFD53DE8F99522A5BCCC" blockId="7.[151,1436,1312,1738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
- Dorsal shield of adults entire or with midlateral incisions or rarely completely divided, holotrichous or nearly so, lacking supernumerary setae; femora I–IV of female with dorsal seta 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD539ABF9BD223BBC3F" box="[1236,1290,1592,1617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">ad-1</emphasis>
tapered, not distinguished from adjacent setae; dorsal shield of male with peripheral setae attenuate, sometimes longer than their setal counterparts in females, but not forming a corona of thickened setae ..... 28B
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF93FFD53DE8F9352567BCA4" blockId="7.[151,1436,1312,1738]" box="[151,598,1712,1738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
28B (see couplet 
<quantity id="3D139B32FF93FFD53C1CF93526AEBCA4" box="[355,415,1712,1738]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.112" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" unit="in" value="28.0">28 in</quantity>
Halliday 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53F6DF935257CBCA7" box="[530,589,1712,1737]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al.</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF93FFDA3DB9F8852617BB3C" blockId="7.[151,1436,1792,2018]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,152,1138]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
The attribute of salivary stylets having split apices, which is evident (but not always readily discernible) in all active instars of members of 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53F71F8AD25BABD2F" box="[526,651,1832,1857]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53F71F8AD25BABD2F" box="[526,651,1832,1857]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Spadiseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, has not been noted among other melicharines or less related families of mesostigmatic mites. However, these structures are not routinely accounted for in descriptive taxonomy, and character state alternatives in their form have not been considered. Based on our limited observations among members of other taxa, including species of 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF93FFD53ECCF8252254BDD7" box="[947,1381,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53ECCF8252306BDD7" box="[947,1079,1952,1977]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Rhinoseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rhinoseius</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53939F82523ECBDD7" box="[1094,1245,1952,1977]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Tropicoseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tropicoseius</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF93FFD53992F8252254BDD7" box="[1261,1381,1952,1977]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Xanthippe" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xanthippe</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, the split condition is clearly apomorphic; however, the taxonomic usefulness of this character is beyond further consideration at present. Similarly, the pair of plates in front of the dorsal shield on the adult female have not been noted in previous descriptions of melicharine or other related mites. These structures may be dorsolateral extensions and expansions of the exopodal strips that extend above the bases of legs I from alongside legs I– IV. Their taxonomic usefulness can not be considered in absence of observations from exemplars of other related taxa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA5436D7FF9CFFDA3DB9FEE526FCBE1C" blockId="8.[151,1436,152,1138]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Although mites of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF9CFFDA3F64FEE525A9BB17" box="[539,664,352,377]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA3F64FEE525A9BB17" box="[539,664,352,377]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Spadiseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are not characterised by having elongated idiosomas, their larvae are notable among melicharine taxa in having the posterior region of the podonotal shield, as delineated between the insertions of setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA3F78FE35252CBBA7" box="[519,541,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">j5</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA3F28FE35255FBBA7" box="[599,622,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">j6</emphasis>
, elongated relative to the anterior region between 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA39C2FE3523E5BBA7" box="[1213,1236,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">j1</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA3872FE352212BBA7" box="[1293,1315,432,457]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">j5</emphasis>
(i.e., with a ratio of about 1.3 to 1.4, see 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF9CFFDA3C87FE5D257EBB9C" box="[504,591,472,498]" captionStart="FIGURES 10 – 12" captionStartId="10.[151,269,1581,1605]" captionTargetBox="[168,1435,385,1580]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,354,1612]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 10 – 12. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., larva: 10, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 11, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 12, tectum, variations." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180481/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). This disproportionate length is lessened on protonymphs (to about 1.2, 
<figureCitation id="62D02A52FF9CFFDA3DE8FD8527DAB874" box="[151,235,512,538]" captionStart="FIGURES 13 – 15" captionStartId="11.[151,269,1529,1553]" captionTargetBox="[156,1435,492,1528]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,394,1627]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 13 – 15. Spadiseius calyptrogynae n. sp., protonymph: 13, idiosoma, dorsal aspect; 14, idiosoma, ventral aspect; 15, tectum. Setae added to larval complement denoted without parentheses." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/180482/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
) and the ratio becomes subequal on deutonymphs and adults. An examination of illustrations shows a similar larval and protonymphal elongation of the posterior podonotal region in 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF9CFFDA39EBFDAD2651B804" authority="Lindquist (1995)" authorityName="Lindquist" authorityYear="1995" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Mycolaelaps" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maxinae">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA39EBFDAD22AAB82F" box="[1172,1435,552,577]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mycolaelaps maxinae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF9CFFDA3DE8FDD52651B804" author="Lindquist" box="[151,352,592,618]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" refString="Lindquist, E. E. (1995) Remarkable convergence between two taxa of mites in different tribes of Ascidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) adapted to living in pore tubes of bracket fungi in North America, with description of Mycolaelaps new genus. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 73, 104 - 128." type="journal article" year="1995">Lindquist (1995)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but followed by considerably greater elongation in the anterior region of deutonymphs and adults (the ratio becoming 0.9 or 0.8), all instars of which are elongated for living in the pore tubes of bracket fungi. In contrast, the larvae and protonymphs of freely living species of the melicharine genus 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF9CFFDA3986FD2522ADB8D7" box="[1273,1436,672,697]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Proctolaelaps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA3986FD2522ADB8D7" box="[1273,1436,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Proctolaelaps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have the posterior region as delimited by setae 
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA3FA0FD4D242AB88F" box="[735,795,712,737]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">j5–j6</emphasis>
consistently subequal to or shorter than the anterior region, with the ratio increasingly favoring the anterior region on deutonymphs and adults (e.g., see illustrations in 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF9CFFDA3D86FC9D269FB95C" author="Bernhard" box="[249,430,792,818]" pageId="8" pageNumber="36" refString="Bernhard, F. (1963) Die Familie Ascaidae (Oudemans 1905) Bernhard nov. comb. In: Stammer, H. J. (Ed.), Beitrage zur Systematik und Okologie Mitteleuropaischer Acarina. Band II, Mesostigmata, Abschnit III. Akademische Verlagsgesselschaft Geest &amp; Portig K. - G., Leipzig, pp. 33 - 177." type="book chapter" year="1963">Bernhard 1963</bibRefCitation>
). The only other taxa with posterior/anterior podonotal region ratios similar through ontogeny to those of 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF9CFFDA3CEFFCC5253CB937" box="[400,525,832,857]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Spadiseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA3CEFFCC5253CB937" box="[400,525,832,857]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Spadiseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and not having elongated idiosomas are among the few species of the genera 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF9CFFDA3DE8FCED2629B9EF" box="[151,280,872,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Rhinoseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA3DE8FCED2629B9EF" box="[151,280,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Rhinoseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF9CFFDA3C2BFCED26D8B9EF" box="[340,489,872,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Tropicoseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA3C2BFCED26D8B9EF" box="[340,489,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Tropicoseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA3C83FCED250CB9EF" box="[508,573,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF9CFFDA3F38FCED24ACB9EC" author="Naskrecki" box="[583,925,872,898]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" refString="Naskrecki, P. &amp; Colwell, R. K. (1998) Systematic and host plant affiliations of hummingbird flower mites of the genera Tropicoseius Baker &amp; Yunker and Rhinoseius Baker &amp; Yunker (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae). Thomas Say Publications in Entomology. Monographs, Entomological Society of America, Latham, MD, 185 pp." type="book" year="1998">Naskrecki and Colwell 1998</bibRefCitation>
) for which the developmental instars have been described (e.g., see illustrations in 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF9CFFDA3FFAFC15242EB9C4" author="Hunter" box="[645,799,912,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" refString="Hunter, P. E. (1972) New Rhinoseius species (Mesostigmata: Ascidae) from Costa Rican hummingbirds. Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society, 7, 26 - 36." type="journal article" year="1972">Hunter 1972</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF9CFFDA3E4FFC1523FFB9C4" author="Micherdzinski" box="[816,1230,912,938]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" refString="Micherdzinski, W. &amp; Lukoschus, F. S. (1980) Rhinoseius rafinskii, a new species from Ecuador and Venezuela (Acari, Gamasina, Ascidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, 55, 65 - 79." type="journal article" year="1980">Micherdzinski &amp; Lukoschus 1980</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF9CFFDA39A1FC1527D0B9BC" author="Wiese" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" refString="Wiese, M. H. J. &amp; Fain, A. (1996 a) A new species of the genus Rhinoseius Baker &amp; Yunker, 1964 (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae) found in Colombia including the description of all developmental stages. Bulletin &amp; Annales de la Societe royale d' Entomologie de Belgique, 132, 91 - 112." type="journal article" year="1996" yearSuffix="a">Wiese and Fain 1996a</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="9E7A4B26FF9CFFDA3D92FC3D260AB9BC" author="Wiese" box="[237,315,952,978]" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" refString="Wiese, M. H. J. &amp; Fain, A. (1996 b) First description of the juvenile stages of the two species Rhinoseius androdon Fain &amp; Hyland, 1980 and Rhinoseius tiptoni Baker &amp; Yunker, 1964 (Acari: Mesostigmata: Ascidae) found in Colombia. Bulletin &amp; Annales de la Societe royal d' Entomologie de Belgique, 132, 343 - 381." type="journal article" year="1996" yearSuffix="b">1996b</bibRefCitation>
). Our observations of an unidentified species of 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF9CFFDA3E0CFC3D24C5B9BF" box="[883,1012,952,977]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Rhinoseius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA3E0CFC3D24C5B9BF" box="[883,1012,952,977]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Rhinoseius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for which we have a developmental series indicates the same phenomenon, i.e., larval ratio 1.5, protonymph 1.1–1.2, deutonymph and adult 0.7– 0.8. This ontogenetic attribute may be an apomorphy shared between these genera of flower-dwelling melicharines. If so, it will be interesting to determine whether the as-yet undescribed immatures of the genus 
<taxonomicName id="3DEB4D54FF9CFFDA3DE8FBDD2621BE1F" box="[151,272,1112,1137]" class="Arachnida" family="Ascidae" genus="Xanthippe" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C89FEAC5FF9CFFDA3DE8FBDD2621BE1F" box="[151,272,1112,1137]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Xanthippe</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
share it as well.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>