198 lines
28 KiB
XML
198 lines
28 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4615647" ID-GBIF-Dataset="545b2a3f-10d0-4c1d-8136-301d98a3d1d2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180586838" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4615647" approvalRequired="1" approvalRequired_for_document="1" checkinTime="1616018363352" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Reise, Heike, Schwarzer, Anne-Katrin, Hutchinson, John M. C. & Schlitt, Bettina" docDate="2020" docId="72141214A544FFA0CCCEFD3EA182FBF9" docLanguage="en" docName="foliaMalacologica.28.1.1-34.pdf" docOrigin="Folia Malacologica 28 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.12657/folmal.028.001" docTitle="Arion ater subsp. rufus Linnaeus 1758" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="8E2D6A6CA558FFBCCD71FF99A423FFE6" masterDocTitle="Genital morphology differentiates three subspecies of the terrestrial slug Arion ater (Linnæus, 1758) s. l. and reveals a continuum of intermediates with the invasive A. vulgaris Moquin-Tandon, 1855" masterLastPageNumber="34" masterPageNumber="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1634720240356" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="CC0-1.0">
|
||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Genital morphology differentiates three subspecies of the terrestrial slug Arion ater (Linnæus, 1758) s. l. and reveals a continuum of intermediates with the invasive A. vulgaris Moquin-Tandon, 1855</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Reise, Heike</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Schwarzer, Anne-Katrin</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Hutchinson, John M. C.</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role>
|
||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart>Schlitt, Bettina</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:title>Folia Malacologica</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part>
|
||
<mods:date>2020</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number>2020-03-13</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number>28</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end>34</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location>
|
||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.12657/folmal.028.001</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.12657/folmal.028.001</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">545b2a3f-10d0-4c1d-8136-301d98a3d1d2</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4615365</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4615647" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180586838" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4615647" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:72141214A544FFA0CCCEFD3EA182FBF9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/72141214A544FFA0CCCEFD3EA182FBF9" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[447,579,679,703]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[144,782,327,2079]" box="[447,579,679,703]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">but should</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[590,735,679,703]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[144,782,327,2079]" box="[590,735,679,703]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[590,735,679,703]" class="Gastropoda" family="Arionidae" genus="Arion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="ater" subSpecies="rufus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[590,735,679,703]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. ater rufus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[144,782,327,2079]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
be applied to the BR or to the FR morphotype? As detailed by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="REGTEREN ALTENA C. O. VAN" box="[266,643,743,767]" journalOrPublisher="Basteria" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 6" part="27" publicationUrl="http://natuurtijdschriften.nl/download?type=document&docid=596445" refId="ref28546" refString="REGTEREN ALTENA C. O. VAN 1963. Notes sur les limaces. 8. Sur l'etat de deux especes nominales du genre Arion. Basteria 27: 1 - 6. http: // natuurtijdschriften. nl / download? type = document & docid = 596445" title="Notes sur les limaces. 8. Sur l'etat de deux especes nominales du genre Arion" type="journal article" year="1963">VAN REGTEREN ALTENA (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, LINNAEUS’ (1758) description of
|
||
<emphasis box="[420,475,775,799]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">rufus</emphasis>
|
||
referred to his book on the Swedish fauna (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LINNAEUS" box="[392,571,807,831]" journalOrPublisher="Wishoff, Lugduni Batavorum" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref26796" refString="LINNAEUS [LINNAEUS] C. 1746. Fauna Svecica sistens animalia Sveciae Regni: qvadrupedia, aves, amphibia, pisces, insecta, vermes, distributa per classes & ordines, genera & species. Cum differentiis specierum, synonymis autorum, nominibus incolarum, locis habitationum, descriptionibus insectorum. Wishoff, Lugduni Batavorum. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 34892" title="Fauna Svecica sistens animalia Sveciae Regni: qvadrupedia, aves, amphibia, pisces, insecta, vermes, distributa per classes & ordines, genera & species. Cum differentiis specierum, synonymis autorum, nominibus incolarum, locis habitationum, descriptionibus insectorum" type="book" year="1746">LINNAEUS 1746</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; but the implied Swedish occurrence must almost certainly have been
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=": ODHNER 1951" authorityName="ODHNER" authorityYear="1951" box="[218,543,871,895]" class="Gastropoda" family="Arionidae" genus="Arion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fuscus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[218,353,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Arion fuscus</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="ODHNER N. H." box="[370,543,871,895]" editor="BRINK P. & WINGSTRAND K. G." journalOrPublisher="C. W. K. Gleerup, Lund" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="26 - 50" refId="ref27381" refString="ODHNER N. H. 1951. Swedish high mountain Mollusca. In: BRINK P., WINGSTRAND K. G. (eds). The mountain fauna of the Virihaure area in Swedish Lapland. C. W. K. Gleerup, Lund, pp. 26 - 50." title="Swedish high mountain Mollusca" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="The mountain fauna of the Virihaure area in Swedish Lapland" year="1951">ODHNER 1951</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="PROSCHWITZ T. VON" journalOrPublisher="Fauna och Flora" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="121 - 138" part="80" refId="ref27804" refString="PROSCHWITZ T. VON 1985. Roda skogssnigeln Arion rufus (L.), en mellaneuropeisk art stadd i snabb spridning med manniskan i Sverige. Fauna och Flora 80: 121 - 138." title="Roda skogssnigeln Arion rufus (L.)" type="journal article" volumeTitle="mellaneuropeisk art stadd i snabb spridning med manniskan i Sverige" year="1985">VON PROSCHWITZ 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), to German material described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="ALDROVANDI U." journalOrPublisher="Cum indice copiosissimo. Ferronium, Bonon" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref23999" refString="ALDROVANDI U. 1644. De animalibvs insectis libri septem cvm singvlorvm iconibvs ad viuum expressis. Cum indice copiosissimo. Ferronium, Bonon." title="De animalibvs insectis libri septem cvm singvlorvm iconibvs ad viuum expressis" type="book" year="1644">ALDROVANDI (1644)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, and to the work of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LISTER M." box="[493,664,935,959]" journalOrPublisher="Smith, Londini" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref27018" refString="LISTER M. 1685. Appendicis ad historiae animalium Angliae, tres tractatus, & c. Altera editiio, auctior & emendatior. Smith, Londini." title="Appendicis ad historiae animalium Angliae, tres tractatus, & c. Altera editiio, auctior & emendatior" type="book" year="1685">LISTER (1685)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, who described both British and French specimens. Because both BR and FR forms occur on the Continent, but FR or
|
||
<emphasis box="[226,244,1031,1055]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">fr</emphasis>
|
||
are almost unknown in Britain (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="CHEVALLIER H." journalOrPublisher="Universite de Paris" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref24757" refString="CHEVALLIER H. 1974. Les grands Arion de France (Mollusca, Pulmonata). Taxonomie, biogeographie, ecologie, polymorphisme, croissance et cycle biologique. Ph. D. Thesis, Universite de Paris." title="Les grands Arion de France (Mollusca, Pulmonata). Taxonomie, biogeographie, ecologie, polymorphisme, croissance et cycle biologique" type="book" year="1974">
|
||
CHEVALLIER
|
||
<bibRefCitation box="[148,207,1063,1087]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="ROWSON B. & ANDERSON R. & TURNER J. A. & SYMONDSON W. O. C." box="[230,504,1063,1087]" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="91907" part="9" refId="ref28738" refString="ROWSON B., ANDERSON R., TURNER J. A., SYMONDSON W. O. C. 2014 a. The slugs of Britain and Ireland: undetected and undescribed species increase a well-studied, economically important fauna by more than 20 %. PLoS ONE 9 (3): e 91907. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0091907" title="The slugs of Britain and Ireland: undetected and undescribed species increase a well-studied, economically important fauna by more than 20" type="journal article" year="2014">ROWSON et al. 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), greater certainty is achieved by selecting a British specimen as the lectotype. Also this choice follows Recommendation 74A of the Code (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="ICZN" box="[315,451,1159,1183]" journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref26201" refString="ICZN 1999. International code of zoological nomenclature. Fourth edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London." title="International code of zoological nomenclature. Fourth edition" type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in ensuring compatibility with the nomenclature of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="CHEVALLIER H." box="[470,690,1191,1215]" journalOrPublisher="Haliotis" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="7 - 23" part="2" refId="ref24732" refString="CHEVALLIER H. 1972. Arionidae (Mollusca, Pulmonata) des Alpes et du Jura francais. Haliotis 2: 7 - 23." title="Arionidae (Mollusca, Pulmonata) des Alpes et du Jura francais" type="journal article" year="1972">CHEVALLIER (1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="CHEVALLIER H." box="[707,766,1191,1215]" journalOrPublisher="Universite de Paris" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref24757" refString="CHEVALLIER H. 1974. Les grands Arion de France (Mollusca, Pulmonata). Taxonomie, biogeographie, ecologie, polymorphisme, croissance et cycle biologique. Ph. D. Thesis, Universite de Paris." title="Les grands Arion de France (Mollusca, Pulmonata). Taxonomie, biogeographie, ecologie, polymorphisme, croissance et cycle biologique" type="book" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="ROWSON B. & ANDERSON R. & TURNER J. A. & SYMONDSON W. O. C." box="[203,466,1223,1247]" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="91907" part="9" refId="ref28738" refString="ROWSON B., ANDERSON R., TURNER J. A., SYMONDSON W. O. C. 2014 a. The slugs of Britain and Ireland: undetected and undescribed species increase a well-studied, economically important fauna by more than 20 %. PLoS ONE 9 (3): e 91907. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0091907" title="The slugs of Britain and Ireland: undetected and undescribed species increase a well-studied, economically important fauna by more than 20" type="journal article" year="2014">ROWSON et al. (2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[144,782,327,2079]" lastBlockId="28.[809,1443,263,1791]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
Hereby we designate as the lectotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Gastropoda" family="Arionidae" genus="Limax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rufus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Limax rufus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LINNAEUS" box="[220,401,1287,1311]" journalOrPublisher="Salvius, Holmiae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref26868" refString="LINNAEUS [LINNAEUS] C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Salvius, Holmiae. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" title="Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
a now non-existing specimen amongst those described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LISTER M." box="[503,707,1319,1343]" journalOrPublisher="Smith, Londini" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref27018" refString="LISTER M. 1685. Appendicis ad historiae animalium Angliae, tres tractatus, & c. Altera editiio, auctior & emendatior. Smith, Londini." title="Appendicis ad historiae animalium Angliae, tres tractatus, & c. Altera editiio, auctior & emendatior" type="book" year="1685">LISTER (1685: 7)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
from “Amberry” in Yorkshire. Amberry is Almondbury, south of Huddersfield, which may still be pronounced as Lister wrote it and appears with spellings similar to Lister’s in contemporary documents (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="SMITH A. H." box="[160,310,1479,1503]" journalOrPublisher="English Place-Name Society, Vol. XXXI. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref29441" refString="SMITH A. H. 1961. The place-names of the West Riding of Yorkshire. Part II. Osgoldcross and Agbrigg Wapentakes. English Place-Name Society, Vol. XXXI. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge." title="The place-names of the West Riding of Yorkshire. Part II. Osgoldcross and Agbrigg Wapentakes" type="book" year="1961">SMITH 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="TAYLOR J. E." box="[335,503,1479,1503]" journalOrPublisher="Kirklees Libraries and Museum Service" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="7 - 10" refId="ref29511" refString="TAYLOR J. E. 1975. " Ambry ". In: Historic Almondbury: the village on the hill. Kirklees Libraries and Museum Service, pp. 7 - 10." title="Ambry" type="book chapter" volumeTitle="Historic Almondbury: the village on the hill" year="1975">TAYLOR 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The illustration of “
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[154,305,1511,1535]" class="Gastropoda" family="Limacidae" genus="Limax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Limax rufus</taxonomicName>
|
||
” (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LISTER M." box="[338,487,1511,1535]" journalOrPublisher="Smith, Londini" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref27018" refString="LISTER M. 1685. Appendicis ad historiae animalium Angliae, tres tractatus, & c. Altera editiio, auctior & emendatior. Smith, Londini." title="Appendicis ad historiae animalium Angliae, tres tractatus, & c. Altera editiio, auctior & emendatior" type="book" year="1685">LISTER 1685</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1 on tabula 2), to which
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LINNAEUS" box="[233,435,1543,1567]" journalOrPublisher="Salvius, Holmiae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref26868" refString="LINNAEUS [LINNAEUS] C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Salvius, Holmiae. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" title="Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata" type="book" year="1758">LINNAEUS (1758)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also refers (he originally indicated “ p. 1” but in the 12th edition—LINNÉ 1767: 1081—corrected this to “t. 2. f. 1”), is plausibly of an individual from this population, since foreign localities, but not British ones, are consistently included in the captions to others of LISTER’ s (1685) figures, and Amberry is the single British locality for the species mentioned in the main text. In any case, since the illustration does not reveal anatomical characters, it is better to associate the lectotype with the named locality, from which fresh specimens can be collected, than to designate an illustrated specimen of uncertain origin. (Recommendation 74E of the Code (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="ICZN" box="[294,436,1959,1983]" journalOrPublisher="International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref26201" refString="ICZN 1999. International code of zoological nomenclature. Fourth edition. International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London." title="International code of zoological nomenclature. Fourth edition" type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) trumps Recommendation 74B, which applies only “other things being equal”.) It is unlikely that any of LISTER’ s (1685) specimens of this species survive. In 1683 he deposited a collection of specimens illustrated in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LISTER M." box="[1235,1403,263,287]" journalOrPublisher="Memoriae & Rationi. Martyn, Londini" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref26954" refString="LISTER M. 1678. Historiae animalium Angliae tres tractatus. Unus de araneis. Alter de cochleis tum terrestribus tum fluviatilibus. Tertius de cochleis marinis. Quibus adjectus est quartus de lapidis ejusdem insulae ad cochlearum quandam imaginem figuratis. Memoriae & Rationi. Martyn, Londini. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65746" title="Historiae animalium Angliae tres tractatus. Unus de araneis. Alter de cochleis tum terrestribus tum fluviatilibus. Tertius de cochleis marinis. Quibus adjectus est quartus de lapidis ejusdem insulae ad cochlearum quandam imaginem figuratis" type="book" year="1678">LISTER (1678)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the Ashmolean Museum, and an accompanying letter promised more; so perhaps the specimens described in
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LISTER M." box="[844,1012,359,383]" journalOrPublisher="Smith, Londini" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref27018" refString="LISTER M. 1685. Appendicis ad historiae animalium Angliae, tres tractatus, & c. Altera editiio, auctior & emendatior. Smith, Londini." title="Appendicis ad historiae animalium Angliae, tres tractatus, & c. Altera editiio, auctior & emendatior" type="book" year="1685">LISTER (1685)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, the appendix to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LISTER M." box="[1220,1388,359,383]" journalOrPublisher="Memoriae & Rationi. Martyn, Londini" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref26954" refString="LISTER M. 1678. Historiae animalium Angliae tres tractatus. Unus de araneis. Alter de cochleis tum terrestribus tum fluviatilibus. Tertius de cochleis marinis. Quibus adjectus est quartus de lapidis ejusdem insulae ad cochlearum quandam imaginem figuratis. Memoriae & Rationi. Martyn, Londini. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 65746" title="Historiae animalium Angliae tres tractatus. Unus de araneis. Alter de cochleis tum terrestribus tum fluviatilibus. Tertius de cochleis marinis. Quibus adjectus est quartus de lapidis ejusdem insulae ad cochlearum quandam imaginem figuratis" type="book" year="1678">LISTER (1678)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, followed them. Nothing of this collection is known to have survived (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="MACGREGOR A." box="[994,1216,423,447]" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the History of Collections" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="125 - 144" part="13" refId="ref27046" refString="MACGREGOR A. 2001. The Ashmolean as a museum of natural history, 1683 - 1860. Journal of the History of Collections 13: 125 - 144. https: // doi. org / 10.1093 / jhc / 13.2.125" title="The Ashmolean as a museum of natural history, 1683 - 1860." type="journal article" year="2001">MACGREGOR 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[809,1443,263,1791]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
We associate our BR morphotype with
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[1300,1434,455,479]" class="Gastropoda" family="Arionidae" genus="Arion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="ater" subSpecies="rufus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1300,1434,455,479]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. ater rufus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
because in Britain the
|
||
<emphasis box="[1092,1115,487,511]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">br</emphasis>
|
||
haplogroup is widespread (combining information from COI and 16S sequences) whereas the
|
||
<emphasis box="[1011,1029,551,575]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">fr</emphasis>
|
||
haplogroup is known from only a single locality (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="ROWSON B. & ANDERSON R. & TURNER J. A. & SYMONDSON W. O. C." box="[998,1255,583,607]" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="91907" part="9" refId="ref28738" refString="ROWSON B., ANDERSON R., TURNER J. A., SYMONDSON W. O. C. 2014 a. The slugs of Britain and Ireland: undetected and undescribed species increase a well-studied, economically important fauna by more than 20 %. PLoS ONE 9 (3): e 91907. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0091907" title="The slugs of Britain and Ireland: undetected and undescribed species increase a well-studied, economically important fauna by more than 20" type="journal article" year="2014">ROWSON et al. 2014a</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Furthermore, all reddish specimens of
|
||
<emphasis box="[1110,1186,616,639]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. ater</emphasis>
|
||
s.l. from Britain that we have dissected are BR, which agrees with the results of
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="CHEVALLIER H." box="[916,1151,679,703]" journalOrPublisher="Universite de Paris" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref24757" refString="CHEVALLIER H. 1974. Les grands Arion de France (Mollusca, Pulmonata). Taxonomie, biogeographie, ecologie, polymorphisme, croissance et cycle biologique. Ph. D. Thesis, Universite de Paris." title="Les grands Arion de France (Mollusca, Pulmonata). Taxonomie, biogeographie, ecologie, polymorphisme, croissance et cycle biologique" type="book" year="1974">
|
||
CHEVALLIER (
|
||
<bibRefCitation box="[1078,1142,679,703]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Moreover, we have recently found the BR morphotype occurring commonly in Almondbury, now the type locality. In theory LISTER’ s (1685) red slugs might instead have been hybrids between BR and
|
||
<emphasis box="[1120,1250,808,831]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. ater ater</emphasis>
|
||
, or improbably early occurrences of presumably non-native species such as
|
||
<emphasis box="[914,1033,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. vulgaris</emphasis>
|
||
or
|
||
<emphasis box="[1077,1197,871,895]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. flagellus</emphasis>
|
||
. These possibilities could be made irrelevant to the issue of taxonomy with the designation of an appropriate neotype, as is our future intention. Our
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" authorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Gastropoda" family="Arionidae" genus="Arion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="28" pageNumber="25" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="ater" subSpecies="rufus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1133,1311,967,991]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Arion ater rufus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="LINNAEUS" journalOrPublisher="Salvius, Holmiae" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref26868" refString="LINNAEUS [LINNAEUS] C. 1758. Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Salvius, Holmiae. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542" title="Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata" type="book" year="1758">Linnaeus, 1758</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[809,1443,263,1791]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
corresponds to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="ROWSON B. & ANDERSON R. & TURNER J. A. & SYMONDSON W. O. C." box="[1072,1344,999,1023]" journalOrPublisher="PLoS ONE" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="91907" part="9" refId="ref28738" refString="ROWSON B., ANDERSON R., TURNER J. A., SYMONDSON W. O. C. 2014 a. The slugs of Britain and Ireland: undetected and undescribed species increase a well-studied, economically important fauna by more than 20 %. PLoS ONE 9 (3): e 91907. https: // doi. org / 10.1371 / journal. pone. 0091907" title="The slugs of Britain and Ireland: undetected and undescribed species increase a well-studied, economically important fauna by more than 20" type="journal article" year="2014">ROWSON et al.’s (2014</bibRefCitation>
|
||
a)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Gastropoda" family="Arionidae" genus="Arion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="rufus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Arion rufus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="28.[809,1443,263,1791]" box="[875,1441,1031,1055]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
and to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="CHEVALLIER H." box="[955,1194,1031,1055]" journalOrPublisher="Haliotis" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="7 - 23" part="2" refId="ref24732" refString="CHEVALLIER H. 1972. Arionidae (Mollusca, Pulmonata) des Alpes et du Jura francais. Haliotis 2: 7 - 23." title="Arionidae (Mollusca, Pulmonata) des Alpes et du Jura francais" type="journal article" year="1972">CHEVALLIER’ s (1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="CHEVALLIER H." box="[1208,1267,1031,1055]" journalOrPublisher="Universite de Paris" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refId="ref24757" refString="CHEVALLIER H. 1974. Les grands Arion de France (Mollusca, Pulmonata). Taxonomie, biogeographie, ecologie, polymorphisme, croissance et cycle biologique. Ph. D. Thesis, Universite de Paris." title="Les grands Arion de France (Mollusca, Pulmonata). Taxonomie, biogeographie, ecologie, polymorphisme, croissance et cycle biologique" type="book" year="1974">1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1285,1433,1031,1055]" class="Gastropoda" family="Arionidae" genus="Arion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subSpecies" species="rufus" subSpecies="rufus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1285,1433,1031,1055]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A. rufus rufus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |