272 lines
31 KiB
XML
272 lines
31 KiB
XML
<document id="B4804A3478EDE02E0388B8639816CCC5" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4126.2.4" ID-CLB-Dataset="38797" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4126.2.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="46cf6acd-87dc-4165-80fa-e2b5330cd74c" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="258598" ID-ZooBank="54F4A01E-2BB2-4802-9B93-8593DA846008" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1466149131865" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Li, Chun-Lin, Yang, Ping-Shih & Wang, Chuan-Chan" docDate="2016" docId="720A87CC8831FFD12EC1FB97FBFFFCB6" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4126.2.4.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4126 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Megistophylla Burmeister 1855" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="242" masterDocId="8E33FFB48830FFD32E56FFA9FFD8FFE4" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Megistophylla Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) from Taiwan, with notes on the genus" masterLastPageNumber="250" masterPageNumber="240" pageNumber="241" updateTime="1698663021023" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="7779FF0801B8A13FDF9A919329AB0462" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="14AB8FFF26C51E10D5984853D2DA5EC3">
|
||
<mods:title id="223E3BBC9C926815481B16087C8D391D">Two new species of Megistophylla Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae) from Taiwan, with notes on the genus</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="6043BE55DEF7F1300CB09078249F6C6C" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="18B409AFB8953B9C73CFC766C25B148F">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="3AE1CDF7B5E8A57F08ED35FC7BA68D60">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="2974CB0F885D38D80A62ECE4F8A62790">Li, Chun-Lin</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="2D675E11EABA0CB50842386DC50CBF61" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="A3A4404E8DBAB0E130616C2BB759CF8E">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="463AF765F0BD51868D186BE147A7D2EE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="6545085ACFCDBC6EE390FFAD98EDC7AB">Yang, Ping-Shih</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="7EF999CBFD7B35D1ED9EFFBEB8BC6F1E" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="6982D3AB143D16F06279EA1842E37598">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="2C96F51B685484DCA0D6831F278905C0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="BBEBCB4808762A2BD430B7F5CB996B3A">Wang, Chuan-Chan</mods:namePart>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="FEF7EE7968A8C2891E4F17E71CA050C3">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="F5A8EC9D880D7350A548E06A7A6ED60D" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="54FB5309FFA2609F6596C5718A1A31DB">
|
||
<mods:title id="A99B5B446D23AAA44EFD56181F41D553">Zootaxa</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="E9F9D9021A8A0304825A1BE6699A0D6E">
|
||
<mods:date id="647CE9AD97EF569E7D93592A7E3BF000">2016</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="21BAD0273AB69C0BA24499362526F9C7" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="25E759A11A50B39ACAE81B7B8CF7236E">4126</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="77D922A4300469BB918680BA27D45B86" type="issue">
|
||
<mods:number id="775A15BBB47718FF823A07EB7DF443D0">2</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="D7A18751B2F41D25B3161672334EC860" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="862D64B50FA644F22224BDCFD763A773">240</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="E15D0654EB4AB4AFC9A76EEB571F4912">250</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:classification id="E57C57A06401379191C7118E124455B6">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="621C312D304FD274265044CDA6E553A9" type="CLB-Dataset">38797</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="DD00F400767486A33E32A3587EDB32D0" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4126.2.4</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="82E5AF1F8F9E979811E785050C461706" type="GBIF-Dataset">46cf6acd-87dc-4165-80fa-e2b5330cd74c</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="69E75ACC1BAD52E094F3DD076B74E156" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7466FF08E7864DAD86138299D1C7F0A1" type="Zenodo-Dep">258598</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="5693ED4DAD2847AA90E66826CA7F5285" type="ZooBank">54F4A01E-2BB2-4802-9B93-8593DA846008</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<treatment id="720A87CC8831FFD12EC1FB97FBFFFCB6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6059491" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120829029" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6059491" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:720A87CC8831FFD12EC1FB97FBFFFCB6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/720A87CC8831FFD12EC1FB97FBFFFCB6" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="242" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2B965518831FFD22EC1FB97FDACFBBC" box="[151,628,1086,1112]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA1C36DA8831FFD22EC1FB97FDACFBBC" blockId="1.[151,628,1086,1112]" box="[151,628,1086,1112]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
|
||
<heading id="A15481B68831FFD22EC1FB97FDACFBBC" bold="true" box="[151,628,1086,1112]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" reason="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22EC1FB97FDACFBBC" bold="true" box="[151,628,1086,1112]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
|
||
Genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598831FFD22EB8FB97FDACFBBC" authority="Burmeister, 1855" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1855" box="[238,628,1086,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22EB8FB97FE41FBBC" bold="true" box="[238,409,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Megistophylla</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E324B2B8831FFD22FF6FB97FDACFBBC" author="Burmeister" box="[416,628,1086,1112]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" refString="Burmeister, H. (1855) Handbuch der Entomologie. Vierter Band, Zweite Abtheilung. Coleoptera Lamellicornia Phyllophaga Chaenochela. T. C. F. Enslin, Berlin, x + 570 pp." type="book" year="1855">Burmeister, 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2B965518831FFD22EC1FB2CFB03FB5E" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA1C36DA8831FFD22EC1FB2CFB03FB5E" blockId="1.[151,1265,1157,1210]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="DAB311F48831FFD22EC1FB2CFB03FB5E" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598831FFD22EC1FB2CFDCBFB7F" authority="Burmeister, 1855: 424" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityPageNumber="424" authorityYear="1855" box="[151,531,1157,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22EC1FB2CFEF0FB7F" box="[151,296,1157,1179]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Megistophylla</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="7B0210CB8831FFD22F78FB2CFDCBFB7F" author="Burmeister" box="[302,531,1157,1179]" page="424" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" year="1855">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E324B2B8831FFD22F78FB2CFE39FB7F" author="Burmeister" box="[302,481,1157,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" refString="Burmeister, H. (1855) Handbuch der Entomologie. Vierter Band, Zweite Abtheilung. Coleoptera Lamellicornia Phyllophaga Chaenochela. T. C. F. Enslin, Berlin, x + 570 pp." type="book" year="1855">Burmeister, 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 424
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<typeStatus id="251888788831FFD22C4BFB2FFD97FB7F" box="[541,591,1158,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598831FFD22CFAFB2CFB87FB7F" authority="Burmeister, 1855" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1855" box="[684,1119,1157,1179]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="junghuhni">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22CFAFB2CFC72FB7F" box="[684,938,1157,1179]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Megistophylla junghuhni</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E324B2B8831FFD22DE6FB2CFB87FB7F" author="Burmeister" box="[944,1119,1157,1179]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" refString="Burmeister, H. (1855) Handbuch der Entomologie. Vierter Band, Zweite Abtheilung. Coleoptera Lamellicornia Phyllophaga Chaenochela. T. C. F. Enslin, Berlin, x + 570 pp." type="book" year="1855">Burmeister, 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by monotypy.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598831FFD22EC1FB0CFE1AFB5E" authority="Fairmaire, 1891" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,450,1188,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Hecatomnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22EC1FB0CFECEFB5E" box="[151,278,1189,1210]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Hecatomnus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E324B2B8831FFD22F4AFB0DFE1AFB5E" author="Fairmaire" box="[284,450,1188,1210]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" refString="Fairmaire, L. (1891) Coleopteres de l'interieur de la Chine (Suite: 7 e partie). Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique. Compte Rendus Bruxelles, 35, 187 - 219." type="journal article" year="1891">Fairmaire, 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: CCII.
|
||
<typeStatus id="251888788831FFD22C5CFB0CFDE4FB5E" box="[522,572,1189,1210]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
species:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598831FFD22CCFFB0CFB91FB5E" authority="Fairmaire, 1891" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1891" box="[665,1097,1188,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Hecatomnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandicornis">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22CCFFB0CFC79FB5E" box="[665,929,1188,1210]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Hecatomnus grandicornis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E324B2B8831FFD22DF1FB0DFB91FB5E" author="Fairmaire" box="[935,1097,1188,1210]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" refString="Fairmaire, L. (1891) Coleopteres de l'interieur de la Chine (Suite: 7 e partie). Annales de la Societe entomologique de Belgique. Compte Rendus Bruxelles, 35, 187 - 219." type="journal article" year="1891">Fairmaire, 1891</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by monotypy.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2B965518831FFD22EC1FB4FFEF1F84F" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA1C36DA8831FFD22EC1FB4FFEF1F84F" blockId="1.[151,1437,1254,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22EC1FB4FFE5AFB1B" bold="true" box="[151,386,1254,1279]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Description of male</emphasis>
|
||
. Body length
|
||
<quantity id="3D5B9B3F8831FFD22C72FB4FFD12FB1A" box="[548,714,1254,1279]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.06" metricValueMax="2.6399999999999997" metricValueMin="1.48" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" unit="mm" value="20.6" valueMax="26.4" valueMin="14.8">14.8–26.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Body oval-elongate; blackish brown to castaneous; moderately shiny. Dorsal surface densely and evenly punctate, punctures deep and rugopunctate; dorsum setiferous, majority of setae tiny, far smaller than diameter of puncture (high magnification for observation necessarily required), without or with a few long setae at anterior margin and base of pronotum, and base of elytra. Lateral margins of pronotum and elytra with fringe of long, robust setae. Antennae with 10 antennomeres, antennal club composed of 5, 6, 7, or 8 antennomeres by species, club straight to strongly outwardly curved, length of club slightly longer to maximum 8 times longer than basal antennomeres; basal antennomere prior to first club antennomere usually sharply enlarged. Clypeus transversally narrow; frons flat, base of frons transversally carinate. Pronotum usually with lateral margin smooth or weakly serrate at anterior or basal half; declivities at side usually with gibbosity behind middle of pronotum. Scutellum punctate or almost impunctate. Elytral sutural costa well developed, widened apically, discal costae entirely disappeared or with 3 weakly developed costae between sutural costa and humerus. Pygidium convex centrally. Protarsi, mesotarsi, and metatarsi with short, robust setae along ventral side of tarsomeres 1-5; protarsi and mesotarsi without or with setae in different length sparsely moderately to densely aggregated at apex of tarsomeres 1–4 or 1–3; length of metatarsi subequal to or longer than metatibia. Parameres of male genitalia symmetrical, usually goose-head-like with a strongly to moderately concave, wrinkled area at middle when viewed laterally (see
|
||
<figureCitation id="62982A5F8831FFD22C71F8ABFD61F8FF" box="[551,697,1794,1819]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 12" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1729,1752]" captionTargetBox="[166,1427,928,1704]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,916,1709]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 12. Parameres of Megistophylla. (9, 11, lateral view; 10, 12, dorsal view). 9 – 10. Megistophylla formosana new species; 11 – 12. Megistophylla xitoui new species. Scale bar = 1.0 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/258602/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Figs. 9 & 11</figureCitation>
|
||
), parameres divided into upper and lower parts in a few species, lower parts varied in length and in shape among species.
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22D49F88FFCA5F8DB" bold="true" box="[799,893,1830,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Female.</emphasis>
|
||
Antennal club composed of 7 antennomeres (in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598831FFD22EC1F8E5FEE8F887" box="[151,304,1866,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="junghuhni">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22EC1F8E5FF76F887" box="[151,174,1868,1891]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22EE9F8E3FEE8F887" box="[191,304,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">junghuhni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598831FFD22F3AF8E5FDDEF887" box="[364,518,1866,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrewesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22F3AF8E5FE5BF887" box="[364,387,1868,1891]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22FC2F8E3FDDEF887" box="[404,518,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">andrewesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), shorter than basal antennomeres and rounded in shape; apex of clypeus more emarginate at middle than in male; length of metatarsi shorter than metatibia; metatibia and metafemora more stout than in male.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2B965518831FFD12E91F81FFC97FE0B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="242" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA1C36DA8831FFD12E91F81FFC97FE0B" blockId="1.[151,1437,1254,2035]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,850]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="242" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22E91F81FFE99F82B" bold="true" box="[199,321,1974,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
Species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598831FFD22F9BF81FFDB5F82B" box="[461,621,1974,1999]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="241" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88831FFD22F9BF81FFDB5F82B" box="[461,621,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="241">Megistophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are characterized by the transverse carina on frons and overall dorsal punctation that are both distinct characters also commonly shared by the following east Asian rhizotrogine genera:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12EC1FF3EFE66FF54" authority="Brenske, 1891" authorityName="Brenske" authorityYear="1891" box="[151,446,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Holomelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12EC1FF3EFED5FF54" box="[151,269,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Holomelia</emphasis>
|
||
Brenske, 1891
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12F9BFF3EFD03FF54" authority="Brenske, 1891" authorityName="Brenske" authorityYear="1891" box="[461,731,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Pentelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12F9BFF3EFDF2FF54" box="[461,554,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Pentelia</emphasis>
|
||
Brenske, 1891
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12D4BFF3EFBFBFF54" authority="Reitter, 1902" authorityName="Reitter" authorityYear="1902" box="[797,1059,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Miridiba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12D4BFF3EFC59FF54" box="[797,897,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Miridiba</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E324B2B8832FFD12DDDFF3EFBFBFF54" author="Reitter" box="[907,1059,151,176]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" refString="Reittter, E. (1902) Bestimmungs-Tabelle der Melolonthidae aus der europaischen Fauna und den angrenzenden Landern, enthaltend die Gruppen der Pachydemini, Sericini and Melolonthini. Heft 50. Verhandlungen des Naturforschenden Vereins in Brunn, 40, 93 - 303." type="book chapter" year="1902">Reitter, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12AF0FF3EFA9EFF54" box="[1190,1350,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12AF0FF3EFA9EFF54" box="[1190,1350,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Megistophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
can be separated from those close genera by the following combination of characters: length of antennal club subequal to or distinctly longer than basal antennomeres (antennal club distinctly shorter than basal antennomeres in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12EC1FEABFED5FEFF" box="[151,269,258,283]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Holomelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12EC1FEABFED5FEFF" box="[151,269,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Holomelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12F4AFEABFEA1FEFF" box="[284,377,258,283]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Pentelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12F4AFEABFEA1FEFF" box="[284,377,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Pentelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12FEEFEABFDC4FEFF" box="[440,540,258,283]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Miridiba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12FEEFEABFDC4FEFF" box="[440,540,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Miridiba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); frons narrowly developed (transversally widened in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12AD4FEABFB20FEFF" box="[1154,1272,258,283]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Holomelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12AD4FEABFB20FEFF" box="[1154,1272,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Holomelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12B51FEABFABCFEFF" box="[1287,1380,258,283]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Pentelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12B51FEABFABCFEFF" box="[1287,1380,258,283]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Pentelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12EC1FE8CFF23FEDA" box="[151,251,293,318]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Miridiba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12EC1FE8CFF23FEDA" box="[151,251,293,318]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Miridiba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); lateral margins of pronotum smooth or weakly serrate at basal half (completely serrate in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12AA1FE8CFAB5FEDA" box="[1271,1389,293,318]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Holomelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12AA1FE8CFAB5FEDA" box="[1271,1389,293,318]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Holomelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12EC1FEE0FF2DFE86" box="[151,245,329,354]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Pentelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12EC1FEE0FF2DFE86" box="[151,245,329,354]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Pentelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and most species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12FB1FEE0FD93FE86" box="[487,587,329,354]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Miridiba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12FB1FEE0FD93FE86" box="[487,587,329,354]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Miridiba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); protarsi and mesotarsi without or with setae in different length sparsely/ densely aggregated at apex of tarsomeres 1–4 or 1–3 (having a tuft of tiny, dense setae in same length on apex of ventral tarsomeres
|
||
<quantity id="3D5B9B3F8832FFD12F27FE39FE62FE4D" box="[369,442,400,425]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="10.16" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" unit="in" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 in</quantity>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12F92FE39FDE2FE4D" box="[452,570,400,425]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Holomelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12F92FE39FDE2FE4D" box="[452,570,400,425]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Holomelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12C1CFE39FD7FFE4D" box="[586,679,400,425]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Pentelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12C1CFE39FD7FFE4D" box="[586,679,400,425]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Pentelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12CBCFE39FC96FE4D" box="[746,846,400,425]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Miridiba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12CBCFE39FC96FE4D" box="[746,846,400,425]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Miridiba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); parameres of genitalia usually goose-head-like in shape with a strongly to moderately concave, wrinkled area at middle when viewed laterally (lacking concave area at middle of parameres in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12FEAFE7EFDEAFE14" box="[444,562,471,496]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Holomelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12FEAFE7EFDEAFE14" box="[444,562,471,496]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Holomelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12C16FE7EFD45FE14" box="[576,669,471,496]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Pentelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12C16FE7EFD45FE14" box="[576,669,471,496]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Pentelia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12C8DFE7EFCE7FE14" box="[731,831,471,496]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Miridiba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12C8DFE7EFCE7FE14" box="[731,831,471,496]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Miridiba</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2B965518832FFD12E91FE53FF37FDD2" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA1C36DA8832FFD12E91FE53FF37FDD2" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,850]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12E91FE53FE81FDF7" bold="true" box="[199,345,506,531]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Central to southwestern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82B4764A8832FFD12CDBFE53FD0BFDF7" box="[653,723,506,531]" name="China" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Indochina, Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82B4764A8832FFD12AA6FE53FAF1FDF7" box="[1264,1321,506,531]" name="India" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Assam),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="82B4764A8832FFD12EC1FDB4FF33FDD2" box="[151,235,541,566]" name="Taiwan" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="B2B965518832FFD12E91FDE8FBFFFCB6" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="FA1C36DA8832FFD12E91FDE8FBFFFCB6" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,850]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12E91FDE8FEE3FDBE" bold="true" box="[199,315,577,602]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="9E324B2B8832FFD12F14FDEBFE04FDBE" author="Arrow" box="[322,476,578,602]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" refString="Arrow, G. J. (1938) Notes on some Melolonthine Coleoptera from the Malay Peninsula and descriptions of a few new species. Journal of the Federated Malay States Museums, 18, 267 - 278." type="journal article" year="1938">Arrow (1938)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
noted that all of records of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12D47FDE8FC69FDBE" box="[785,945,577,602]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12D47FDE8FC69FDBE" box="[785,945,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Megistophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were male except for the female
|
||
<typeStatus id="251888788832FFD12B71FDEBFAA6FDBE" box="[1319,1406,578,602]" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12EC1FDCFFEEDFD9A" box="[151,309,613,638]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="junghuhni">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12EC1FDCFFEEDFD9A" box="[151,309,613,638]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">M. junghuhni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. This phenomenon is rather unusual in rhizotrogine scarab beetles, even though an effective collecting method (FIT) can yield numerous male specimens (see below in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12A55FD20FB7BFD45" box="[1027,1187,649,673]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="formosana">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12A55FD20FB7BFD45" box="[1027,1187,649,673]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">M. formosana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12A89FD20FA9FFD44" box="[1247,1351,649,672]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xitoui">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12A89FD20FA9FFD44" box="[1247,1351,649,672]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">M. xitoui</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) in the field. During the course of investigation, we only located two female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12DF1FD05FB9FFD21" box="[935,1095,684,709]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12DF1FD05FB9FFD21" box="[935,1095,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Megistophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
specimens (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12A82FD04FAB4FD21" box="[1236,1388,684,709]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="junghuhni">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12A82FD04FAB4FD21" box="[1236,1388,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">M. junghuhni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12EC1FD79FEE9FD0C" box="[151,305,719,744]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="andrewesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12EC1FD79FF76FD03" box="[151,174,720,743]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">M</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12EE9FD66FEE9FD0C" box="[191,305,719,744]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">andrewesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, respectively) for observation and comparison. Unlike other rhizotrogine scarabs with agricultural importance, the natural history of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12C4DFD5AFD63FCE8" box="[539,699,755,780]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12C4DFD5AFD63FCE8" box="[539,699,755,780]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Megistophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is barely known. Based on information from various specimens, particularly those of the two new species collected and described below, the adults of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="3DA34D598832FFD12A20FCBFFACEFCCB" box="[1142,1302,790,815]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Megistophylla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="242" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C8D7EAC88832FFD12A20FCBFFACEFCCB" box="[1142,1302,790,815]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="242">Megistophylla</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are likely crepuscular/nocturnal, are not generally attracted to lights, and do not feed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |