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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563009" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bc76aad8-58be-49f2-8746-c252c23471cf" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179911497" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4563009" checkinTime="1614283598143" checkinUser="donat" docAuthor="Moles, Juan, Wägele, Heike, Uhl, Gabriele &amp; Avila, Conxita" docDate="2016" docId="7209878F844BFFD6FC8EFE7EFE9D28EE" docLanguage="en" docName="organismDiversityEvolution.s13127-016-0309-z.pdf" docOrigin="Organisms Diversity &amp; Evolution 17 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13127-016-0309-z" docTitle="Doridunculus punkus Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila 2016, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="105" masterDocId="8E30FFF78449FFD3FFBEFFB5FFA4292E" masterDocTitle="Bipolarity in sea slugs: a new species of Doridunculus (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Onchidoridoidea) from Antarctica" masterLastPageNumber="109" masterPageNumber="101" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1643497068925" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="CC0-1.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Bipolarity in sea slugs: a new species of Doridunculus (Mollusca: Nudibranchia: Onchidoridoidea) from Antarctica</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Moles, Juan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences and Biodiversity Research Institute (IrBIO), University of Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">moles.sanchez@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wägele, Heike</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, 53113 Bonn, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Uhl, Gabriele</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>General and Systematic Zoology, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Anklamer Strasse 20</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Avila, Conxita</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology, and Environmental Sciences and Biodiversity Research Institute (IrBIO), University of Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Organisms Diversity &amp; Evolution</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2016-11-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>17</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>101</mods:start>
<mods:end>109</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13127-016-0309-z</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.1007/s13127-016-0309-z</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">bc76aad8-58be-49f2-8746-c252c23471cf</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">4562999</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563009" ID-GBIF-Taxon="179911497" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4563009" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7209878F844BFFD6FC8EFE7EFE9D28EE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7209878F844BFFD6FC8EFE7EFE9D28EE" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<subSubSection box="[816,996,459,482]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1452,459,614]" box="[816,996,459,482]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,996,459,482]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" box="[816,930,459,482]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">D. punkus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[937,996,459,482]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1452,459,614]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
(
<figureCitation box="[1010,1082,459,482]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[816,848,1782,1802]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,1276,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-636@2.[818,1450,1275,1765]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 Live photograph (a) of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. and volume rendering (bf) of the preserved animal. a Dorsal view. b Frontal view. c Dorsal view. d Ventral view. e Left-lateral view. f Right-lateral view. fo foot, gi gills, ke keel, m mouth, mr mantle rim, ot oral tentacles, rh rhinophores" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563003/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[1095,1108,459,482]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,168,652,672]" captionTargetBox="[138,770,145,634]" captionTargetId="figure-172@3.[137,771,144,635]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2 Micro-CT photographs of sclerotized structures of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. a Transverse section of the cephalic region showing spicules arrangement in the body wall. b Detail of the notal spicules. c Lateral view of the buccal mass. d Distal part of the radula (approximate scale); close-up showing inner lateral teeth, note longitudinal denticles (white arrows). fo foot, ja jaw, ke keel, mr mantle rim, od oral disk, rad radula, tu tubercles" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563005/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[1121,1134,459,482]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,168,1702,1722]" captionTargetBox="[209,699,1055,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-85@3.[208,700,1054,1685]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3 Macro-scan (0.4×) reconstruction of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. a Right-lateral, general view of all reconstructed organs. b Left-lateral view of the digestive system.a anus, cg cerebral ganglia, dgl digestive gland, gi gills, ht heart, int intestine, ja jaws, gon gonad, kid kidney, m mouth, mmgl membrane + mucus glands, od oral disk, oes oesophagus, ot oral tube, pen penis, peg pedal ganglia, per pericardium, pha pharynx, plg pleural ganglia, pro prostate, rad radula, rh rhinophore, sto stomach, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563011/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[1147,1160,459,482]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[816,851,729,749]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,145,712]" captionTargetId="figure-250@3.[818,1450,144,713]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4 Micro-CT reconstruction of the anterior body region of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. (4×). a Antero-lateral view of the reproductive system; membrane + mucus glands and vagina not depicted; asterisk showing connection between distal ampulla and prostate. b Frontal view of the reproductive system. c Ventral view of digestive, nervous, and reproductive systems. d Frontal view of the nervous system; missing nerves are depicted with white-dashed lines. am ampulla, bc bursa copulatrix, bg buccal ganglia, cg cerebral ganglia, cgl capsule gland, ga genital atrium, gon gonad, ln lateral nerves, mmgl membrane + mucus glands, N1 oral nerve, N2 labial nerve, N3 rhinophoral nerve, od odontophore, oes oesophagus, pen penis, peg pedal ganglia, pha pharynx, plg pleural ganglia, pro prostate, rad radula, rhg rhinophoral ganglia, rm retractor muscles, rs receptaculum seminis, st statocyst, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563007" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563007/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">4</figureCitation>
, and
<figureCitation box="[1218,1231,459,482]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[816,848,1782,1802]" captionTargetBox="[889,1379,1350,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-390@3.[888,1380,1349,1766]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 5 Schematic outline of the reproductive system of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. am ampulla, bc bursa copulatrix, ga genital atrium, gon gonad, nigl nidamental glands (capsule, membrane, and mucus glands), pen penis, pro prostate, rs receptaculum seminis, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563013/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">5</figureCitation>
) (See 3D PDF of the reconstructed anatomy of the whole specimen and a more detailed anterior part in Supplementary Material 1 and 2, respectively) http://zoobank.org/NomenclaturalActs/
<uuid pageId="2" pageNumber="103">69A41 F49-FAEC-4A6F-ADD6-0657084A5745</uuid>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="103" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1452,659,815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3042866301" collectingDate="2003-12-29" collectingMethod="Agassiz trawl" collectionCode="SNSB" collectorName="Deposited &amp; Zoologische Staatssammlung Munchen" county="eastern Weddell Sea" elevation="0" latitude="-71.11916" location="Adult" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="-11.437166" municipality="Austasen" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" specimenCode="PS65/280-1, ZSM Moll 2016113" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,917,659,682]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<typeStatus box="[816,917,659,682]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7209878F844BFFD6FC8EFE7EFE9D28EE:FF7F6042844BFFD1FC24FD26FC712B84" box="[922,981,659,682]" county="eastern Weddell Sea" latitude="-71.11916" longLatPrecision="9" longitude="-11.437166" municipality="Austasen" name="Adult" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Adult</location>
specimen,
<quantity box="[1096,1172,659,682]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
.
<collectingMunicipality box="[1181,1278,659,682]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Austasen</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty pageId="2" pageNumber="103">eastern Weddell Sea</collectingCounty>
(
<geoCoordinate box="[868,984,691,715]" degrees="71" direction="south" minutes="7.15" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" precision="9" value="-71.11916">
71° 7.15
<emphasis box="[956,962,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103"></emphasis>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[995,1134,691,715]" degrees="11" direction="west" minutes="26.23" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" precision="9" value="-11.437166">
11° 26.23
<emphasis box="[1096,1102,691,715]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103"></emphasis>
W
</geoCoordinate>
) collected by
<collectingMethod box="[1278,1419,692,715]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Agassiz trawl</collectingMethod>
on
<date box="[816,1016,725,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" value="2003-12-29">
<collectingDate box="[816,1016,725,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" value="2003-12-29">29 December 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
, at
<elevation box="[1051,1184,725,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">228-m depth</elevation>
(
<specimenCode box="[1197,1324,725,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
PS65/280
<emphasis box="[1299,1312,725,748]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103"></emphasis>
1
</specimenCode>
).
<collectorName box="[1346,1451,725,748]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Deposited</collectorName>
in
<collectionCode box="[847,914,758,781]" collectionName="SNSB" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">SNSB</collectionCode>
<collectorName box="[925,1354,758,781]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Zoologische Staatssammlung München</collectorName>
(catalog number
<specimenCode box="[903,1116,792,815]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">ZSM Moll 2016113</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1420,858,881]" box="[816,1420,858,881]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,958,858,881]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Type locality</emphasis>
Austasen, eastern Weddell Sea (
<collectingCountry box="[1297,1410,858,881]" name="Antarctica" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1452,925,1247]" lastBlockId="4.[136,771,159,282]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,1055,925,948]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">External morphology</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[1071,1143,925,948]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[816,848,1782,1802]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,1276,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-636@2.[818,1450,1275,1765]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 Live photograph (a) of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. and volume rendering (bf) of the preserved animal. a Dorsal view. b Frontal view. c Dorsal view. d Ventral view. e Left-lateral view. f Right-lateral view. fo foot, gi gills, ke keel, m mouth, mr mantle rim, ot oral tentacles, rh rhinophores" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563003/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation box="[1197,1250,925,948]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,168,652,672]" captionTargetBox="[138,770,145,634]" captionTargetId="figure-172@3.[137,771,144,635]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2 Micro-CT photographs of sclerotized structures of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. a Transverse section of the cephalic region showing spicules arrangement in the body wall. b Detail of the notal spicules. c Lateral view of the buccal mass. d Distal part of the radula (approximate scale); close-up showing inner lateral teeth, note longitudinal denticles (white arrows). fo foot, ja jaw, ke keel, mr mantle rim, od oral disk, rad radula, tu tubercles" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563005/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">2a, b</figureCitation>
) Live animal measured
<quantity box="[885,964,959,982]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" unit="mm" value="16.0">16 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation box="[983,1065,959,982]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[816,848,1782,1802]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,1276,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-636@2.[818,1450,1275,1765]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 Live photograph (a) of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. and volume rendering (bf) of the preserved animal. a Dorsal view. b Frontal view. c Dorsal view. d Ventral view. e Left-lateral view. f Right-lateral view. fo foot, gi gills, ke keel, m mouth, mr mantle rim, ot oral tentacles, rh rhinophores" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563003/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
), when preserved 15 × 6 ×
<quantity box="[1386,1451,959,982]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
(length:width:height). Color translucent white, brownish digestive gland seen postero-laterally by transparency. Body high, elongated, pentagonal in transverse section (
<figureCitation box="[1357,1438,1058,1081]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[816,848,1782,1802]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,1276,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-636@2.[818,1450,1275,1765]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 Live photograph (a) of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. and volume rendering (bf) of the preserved animal. a Dorsal view. b Frontal view. c Dorsal view. d Ventral view. e Left-lateral view. f Right-lateral view. fo foot, gi gills, ke keel, m mouth, mr mantle rim, ot oral tentacles, rh rhinophores" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563003/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Fig. 1b</figureCitation>
); mantle rim protruding; oral veil rounded, slightly folded laterally; oral tentacles grooved; notum rounded posteriorly (
<figureCitation box="[824,897,1158,1181]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[816,848,1782,1802]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,1276,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-636@2.[818,1450,1275,1765]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 Live photograph (a) of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. and volume rendering (bf) of the preserved animal. a Dorsal view. b Frontal view. c Dorsal view. d Ventral view. e Left-lateral view. f Right-lateral view. fo foot, gi gills, ke keel, m mouth, mr mantle rim, ot oral tentacles, rh rhinophores" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563003/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Fig. 1c</figureCitation>
); foot narrow, notched anteriorly, tapering posteriorly, mid-dorsal ridge present in tail (
<figureCitation box="[1164,1244,1191,1214]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[816,848,1782,1802]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,1276,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-636@2.[818,1450,1275,1765]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 Live photograph (a) of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. and volume rendering (bf) of the preserved animal. a Dorsal view. b Frontal view. c Dorsal view. d Ventral view. e Left-lateral view. f Right-lateral view. fo foot, gi gills, ke keel, m mouth, mr mantle rim, ot oral tentacles, rh rhinophores" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563003/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Fig. 1d</figureCitation>
). Posterior part not covered by notum. Rhinophores bearing seven diagonal lamellae, retractile within smooth cavities. Notum dorsally keeled, starting right in front of rhinophores, extending posteriorly to gills, forming a protuberance tilted toward left side of gills (
<figureCitation box="[199,278,975,998]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[816,848,1782,1802]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,1276,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-636@2.[818,1450,1275,1765]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 Live photograph (a) of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. and volume rendering (bf) of the preserved animal. a Dorsal view. b Frontal view. c Dorsal view. d Ventral view. e Left-lateral view. f Right-lateral view. fo foot, gi gills, ke keel, m mouth, mr mantle rim, ot oral tentacles, rh rhinophores" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563003/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Fig. 1e</figureCitation>
); average height of keel about
<quantity box="[621,688,975,998]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
. Dorsal notum heterogeneously covered by pointed, conical, spiculated papillae; smaller in notal periphery and at sides of dorsal keel (
<figureCitation box="[948,1025,1205,1228]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[816,848,1782,1802]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,1276,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-636@2.[818,1450,1275,1765]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 Live photograph (a) of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. and volume rendering (bf) of the preserved animal. a Dorsal view. b Frontal view. c Dorsal view. d Ventral view. e Left-lateral view. f Right-lateral view. fo foot, gi gills, ke keel, m mouth, mr mantle rim, ot oral tentacles, rh rhinophores" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563003/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Fig. 1c</figureCitation>
). Gills five, shortly pinnate, arranged in semicircle (
<figureCitation box="[935,1054,1238,1261]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[816,848,1782,1802]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,1276,1764]" captionTargetId="figure-636@2.[818,1450,1275,1765]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 1 Live photograph (a) of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. and volume rendering (bf) of the preserved animal. a Dorsal view. b Frontal view. c Dorsal view. d Ventral view. e Left-lateral view. f Right-lateral view. fo foot, gi gills, ke keel, m mouth, mr mantle rim, ot oral tentacles, rh rhinophores" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563003/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Fig. 1a, c, f</figureCitation>
); anal papilla small, placed just behind gills. Genital pore small, situated antero-laterally beneath notum rim. Spicules conspicuous, fusiform, irregularly multiknobbed, sometimes with median crown of knobs (
<figureCitation box="[681,758,192,215]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,168,652,672]" captionTargetBox="[138,770,145,634]" captionTargetId="figure-172@3.[137,771,144,635]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2 Micro-CT photographs of sclerotized structures of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. a Transverse section of the cephalic region showing spicules arrangement in the body wall. b Detail of the notal spicules. c Lateral view of the buccal mass. d Distal part of the radula (approximate scale); close-up showing inner lateral teeth, note longitudinal denticles (white arrows). fo foot, ja jaw, ke keel, mr mantle rim, od oral disk, rad radula, tu tubercles" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563005/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 2a</figureCitation>
); densely lying within notum, imparting rough texture, forming dense network toward epidermis (
<figureCitation box="[489,566,259,282]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,168,652,672]" captionTargetBox="[138,770,145,634]" captionTargetId="figure-172@3.[137,771,144,635]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2 Micro-CT photographs of sclerotized structures of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. a Transverse section of the cephalic region showing spicules arrangement in the body wall. b Detail of the notal spicules. c Lateral view of the buccal mass. d Distal part of the radula (approximate scale); close-up showing inner lateral teeth, note longitudinal denticles (white arrows). fo foot, ja jaw, ke keel, mr mantle rim, od oral disk, rad radula, tu tubercles" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563005/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 2b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563003" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4563003" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563003/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" startId="2.[816,848,1782,1802]" targetBox="[819,1449,1276,1764]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph blockId="2.[816,1452,1782,1908]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,870,1782,1802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Fig. 1</emphasis>
Live photograph (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1045,1056,1782,1802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">a</emphasis>
) of
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" box="[1095,1285,1782,1802]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[1095,1285,1782,1802]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">Doridunculus punkus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1291,1341,1783,1802]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and volume rendering (
<emphasis bold="true" box="[912,943,1809,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">
b
<emphasis bold="true" box="[924,935,1810,1828]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103"></emphasis>
f
</emphasis>
) of the preserved animal.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1171,1182,1809,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">a</emphasis>
Dorsal view.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1303,1315,1809,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">b</emphasis>
Frontal view.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1442,1452,1809,1829]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">c</emphasis>
Dorsal view.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[935,947,1835,1855]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">d</emphasis>
Ventral view.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1077,1087,1835,1855]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">e</emphasis>
Left-lateral view.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1251,1258,1835,1855]" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">f</emphasis>
Right-lateral view.
<emphasis box="[1434,1451,1835,1855]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">fo</emphasis>
foot,
<emphasis box="[867,884,1863,1881]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">gi</emphasis>
gills,
<emphasis box="[946,966,1862,1882]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">ke</emphasis>
keel,
<emphasis box="[1025,1041,1863,1881]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">m</emphasis>
mouth,
<emphasis box="[1122,1147,1863,1881]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">mr</emphasis>
mantle rim,
<emphasis box="[1270,1287,1863,1881]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">ot</emphasis>
oral tentacles,
<emphasis box="[1432,1452,1862,1882]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="103">rh</emphasis>
rhinophores
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563005" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4563005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563005/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" startId="3.[136,168,652,672]" targetBox="[138,770,145,634]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,771,652,831]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,189,652,672]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Fig. 2</emphasis>
Micro-CT photographs of sclerotized structures of
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Doridunculus punkus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[210,264,679,698]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[272,283,679,699]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">a</emphasis>
Transverse section of the cephalic region showing spicules
<emphasis box="[206,213,706,725]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104"></emphasis>
arrangement in the body wall.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[492,504,705,725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">b</emphasis>
Detail of the notal spicules.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[761,771,705,725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">c</emphasis>
Lateral view of the buccal mass.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[424,436,732,752]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">d</emphasis>
Distal part of the radula (approximate scale); close-up showing inner lateral teeth, note longitudinal denticles (
<emphasis box="[143,258,785,805]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">white arrows</emphasis>
).
<emphasis box="[277,294,785,805]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">fo</emphasis>
foot,
<emphasis box="[347,364,786,804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">ja</emphasis>
jaw,
<emphasis box="[412,432,785,805]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">ke</emphasis>
keel,
<emphasis box="[486,511,786,804]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">mr</emphasis>
mantle rim,
<emphasis box="[624,647,785,805]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">od</emphasis>
oral disk,
<emphasis box="[740,771,785,805]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">rad</emphasis>
radula,
<emphasis box="[202,219,812,830]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">tu</emphasis>
tubercles
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563007" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4563007" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563007/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" startId="3.[816,851,729,749]" targetBox="[819,1449,145,712]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[816,1452,729,1095]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,877,729,749]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Fig. 4</emphasis>
Micro-CT reconstruction of the anterior body region of
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" box="[816,1030,756,776]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[816,1030,756,776]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Doridunculus punkus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1040,1097,757,776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(4×).
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1165,1176,756,776]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">a</emphasis>
Antero-lateral view of the reproductive system; membrane + mucus glands and vagina not depicted;
<emphasis box="[910,982,809,829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">asterisk</emphasis>
showing connection between distal ampulla and prostate.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[898,910,836,856]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">b</emphasis>
Frontal view of the reproductive system.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1294,1304,836,856]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">c</emphasis>
Ventral view of digestive, nervous, and reproductive systems.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1249,1261,862,882]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">d</emphasis>
Frontal view of the nervous system; missing nerves are depicted with
<emphasis box="[1278,1445,889,909]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">white-dashed lines</emphasis>
.
<emphasis box="[816,844,916,934]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">am</emphasis>
ampulla,
<emphasis box="[932,953,915,935]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">bc</emphasis>
bursa copulatrix,
<emphasis box="[1112,1135,915,935]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">bg</emphasis>
buccal ganglia,
<emphasis box="[1279,1300,916,934]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">cg</emphasis>
cerebral ganglia,
<emphasis box="[816,843,942,962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">cgl</emphasis>
capsule gland,
<emphasis box="[982,1005,943,961]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">ga</emphasis>
genital atrium,
<emphasis box="[1144,1177,943,961]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">gon</emphasis>
gonad,
<emphasis box="[1250,1267,942,962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">ln</emphasis>
lateral nerves,
<emphasis box="[1402,1451,942,962]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">mmgl</emphasis>
membrane + mucus glands,
<emphasis box="[1100,1127,968,988]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">N1</emphasis>
oral nerve,
<emphasis box="[1254,1281,968,988]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">N2</emphasis>
labial nerve,
<emphasis box="[1424,1451,968,988]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">N3</emphasis>
rhinophoral nerve,
<emphasis box="[995,1018,995,1015]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">od</emphasis>
odontophore,
<emphasis box="[1156,1186,996,1014]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">oes</emphasis>
oesophagus,
<emphasis box="[1315,1347,996,1014]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">pen</emphasis>
penis,
<emphasis box="[1419,1451,996,1014]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">peg</emphasis>
pedal ganglia,
<emphasis box="[959,994,1022,1042]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">pha</emphasis>
pharynx,
<emphasis box="[1094,1123,1022,1042]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">plg</emphasis>
pleural ganglia,
<emphasis box="[1290,1322,1023,1041]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">pro</emphasis>
prostate,
<emphasis box="[1419,1451,1022,1042]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">rad</emphasis>
radula,
<emphasis box="[884,915,1048,1068]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">rhg</emphasis>
rhinophoral ganglia,
<emphasis box="[1111,1136,1049,1067]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">rm</emphasis>
retractor muscles,
<emphasis box="[1309,1326,1049,1067]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">rs</emphasis>
receptaculum seminis,
<emphasis box="[894,909,1076,1094]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">st</emphasis>
statocyst,
<emphasis box="[1002,1034,1076,1094]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">vag</emphasis>
vagina,
<emphasis box="[1109,1130,1075,1095]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">vd</emphasis>
vas deferens
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563011" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4563011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563011/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" startId="3.[136,168,1702,1722]" targetBox="[209,699,1055,1684]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[136,772,1702,1908]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,187,1702,1722]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Fig. 3</emphasis>
Macro-scan (0.4×) reconstruction of
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" box="[518,706,1702,1722]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[518,706,1702,1722]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Doridunculus punkus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[710,756,1703,1722]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[760,771,1702,1722]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">a</emphasis>
Right-lateral, general view of all reconstructed organs.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[610,622,1729,1749]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">b</emphasis>
Left-lateral view of the digestive system.
<emphasis box="[342,353,1757,1775]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">a</emphasis>
anus,
<emphasis box="[408,429,1757,1775]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">cg</emphasis>
cerebral ganglia,
<emphasis box="[581,609,1756,1776]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">dgl</emphasis>
digestive gland,
<emphasis box="[754,771,1757,1775]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">gi</emphasis>
gills,
<emphasis box="[187,204,1782,1802]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">ht</emphasis>
heart,
<emphasis box="[270,293,1783,1801]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">int</emphasis>
intestine,
<emphasis box="[389,406,1783,1801]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">ja</emphasis>
jaws,
<emphasis box="[468,502,1783,1801]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">gon</emphasis>
gonad,
<emphasis box="[577,604,1782,1802]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">kid</emphasis>
kidney,
<emphasis box="[685,701,1783,1801]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">m</emphasis>
mouth,
<emphasis box="[136,185,1809,1829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">mmgl</emphasis>
membrane + mucus glands,
<emphasis box="[444,467,1809,1829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">od</emphasis>
oral disk,
<emphasis box="[563,592,1810,1828]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">oes</emphasis>
oesophagus,
<emphasis box="[713,730,1810,1828]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">ot</emphasis>
oral tube,
<emphasis box="[187,219,1836,1854]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">pen</emphasis>
penis,
<emphasis box="[287,319,1836,1854]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">peg</emphasis>
pedal ganglia,
<emphasis box="[460,489,1836,1854]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">per</emphasis>
pericardium,
<emphasis box="[616,649,1835,1855]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">pha</emphasis>
pharynx,
<emphasis box="[743,771,1835,1855]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">plg</emphasis>
pleural ganglia,
<emphasis box="[277,307,1863,1881]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">pro</emphasis>
prostate,
<emphasis box="[392,423,1862,1882]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">rad</emphasis>
radula,
<emphasis box="[493,512,1862,1882]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">rh</emphasis>
rhinophore,
<emphasis box="[624,650,1863,1881]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">sto</emphasis>
stomach,
<emphasis box="[739,771,1863,1881]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">vag</emphasis>
vagina,
<emphasis box="[206,227,1888,1908]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">vd</emphasis>
vas deferens
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563013" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4563013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563013/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" startId="3.[816,848,1782,1802]" targetBox="[889,1379,1350,1765]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph blockId="3.[816,1452,1782,1908]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,872,1782,1802]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Fig. 5</emphasis>
Schematic outline of the reproductive system of
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">Doridunculus punkus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[887,938,1810,1829]" pageId="3" pageNumber="104" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis box="[945,973,1810,1828]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">am</emphasis>
ampulla,
<emphasis box="[1064,1085,1809,1829]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">bc</emphasis>
bursa copulatrix,
<emphasis box="[1250,1273,1810,1828]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">ga</emphasis>
genital atrium,
<emphasis box="[1418,1451,1810,1828]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">gon</emphasis>
gonad,
<emphasis box="[882,916,1835,1855]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">nigl</emphasis>
nidamental glands (capsule, membrane, and mucus glands),
<emphasis box="[816,848,1863,1881]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">pen</emphasis>
penis,
<emphasis box="[918,948,1863,1881]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">pro</emphasis>
prostate,
<emphasis box="[1042,1059,1863,1881]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">rs</emphasis>
receptaculum seminis,
<emphasis box="[1278,1310,1863,1881]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">vag</emphasis>
vagina,
<emphasis box="[1392,1413,1862,1882]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="104">vd</emphasis>
vas deferens
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,772,342,1129]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,317,342,365]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Digestive system</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[330,439,342,365]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,168,652,672]" captionTargetBox="[138,770,145,634]" captionTargetId="figure-172@3.[137,771,144,635]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2 Micro-CT photographs of sclerotized structures of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. a Transverse section of the cephalic region showing spicules arrangement in the body wall. b Detail of the notal spicules. c Lateral view of the buccal mass. d Distal part of the radula (approximate scale); close-up showing inner lateral teeth, note longitudinal denticles (white arrows). fo foot, ja jaw, ke keel, mr mantle rim, od oral disk, rad radula, tu tubercles" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563005/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Figs. 2c, d</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[449,462,342,365]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,168,1702,1722]" captionTargetBox="[209,699,1055,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-85@3.[208,700,1054,1685]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3 Macro-scan (0.4×) reconstruction of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. a Right-lateral, general view of all reconstructed organs. b Left-lateral view of the digestive system.a anus, cg cerebral ganglia, dgl digestive gland, gi gills, ht heart, int intestine, ja jaws, gon gonad, kid kidney, m mouth, mmgl membrane + mucus glands, od oral disk, oes oesophagus, ot oral tube, pen penis, peg pedal ganglia, per pericardium, pha pharynx, plg pleural ganglia, pro prostate, rad radula, rh rhinophore, sto stomach, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563011/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">3</figureCitation>
, and 4c) Mouth lying ventrally, opening at base of oral veil, right in front of foot edge, in vertical furrow. Oral tube pyriform, surrounded by follicular oral glands. Oral disk thin, smooth, cuticular; demarcating transition into pharynx. Pharynx bulbous ventrally; two thick longitudinal muscles arise from postero-lateral part reaching gonad laterally (
<figureCitation box="[313,392,541,564]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[816,851,729,749]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,145,712]" captionTargetId="figure-250@3.[818,1450,144,713]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4 Micro-CT reconstruction of the anterior body region of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. (4×). a Antero-lateral view of the reproductive system; membrane + mucus glands and vagina not depicted; asterisk showing connection between distal ampulla and prostate. b Frontal view of the reproductive system. c Ventral view of digestive, nervous, and reproductive systems. d Frontal view of the nervous system; missing nerves are depicted with white-dashed lines. am ampulla, bc bursa copulatrix, bg buccal ganglia, cg cerebral ganglia, cgl capsule gland, ga genital atrium, gon gonad, ln lateral nerves, mmgl membrane + mucus glands, N1 oral nerve, N2 labial nerve, N3 rhinophoral nerve, od odontophore, oes oesophagus, pen penis, peg pedal ganglia, pha pharynx, plg pleural ganglia, pro prostate, rad radula, rhg rhinophoral ganglia, rm retractor muscles, rs receptaculum seminis, st statocyst, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563007" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563007/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
). Jaws ear-shaped, without distinct ornamentation. Odontophore placed at rear part of pharynx. Radular formula 41 × 10.1.0.1.10 (
<figureCitation box="[502,606,608,631]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,168,652,672]" captionTargetBox="[138,770,145,634]" captionTargetId="figure-172@3.[137,771,144,635]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2 Micro-CT photographs of sclerotized structures of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. a Transverse section of the cephalic region showing spicules arrangement in the body wall. b Detail of the notal spicules. c Lateral view of the buccal mass. d Distal part of the radula (approximate scale); close-up showing inner lateral teeth, note longitudinal denticles (white arrows). fo foot, ja jaw, ke keel, mr mantle rim, od oral disk, rad radula, tu tubercles" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563005/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 2c, d</figureCitation>
). Innermost lateral hook-shaped, with one longitudinal denticle at middle part (see white arrows in
<figureCitation box="[403,480,674,697]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,168,652,672]" captionTargetBox="[138,770,145,634]" captionTargetId="figure-172@3.[137,771,144,635]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 2 Micro-CT photographs of sclerotized structures of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. a Transverse section of the cephalic region showing spicules arrangement in the body wall. b Detail of the notal spicules. c Lateral view of the buccal mass. d Distal part of the radula (approximate scale); close-up showing inner lateral teeth, note longitudinal denticles (white arrows). fo foot, ja jaw, ke keel, mr mantle rim, od oral disk, rad radula, tu tubercles" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563005" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563005/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 2d</figureCitation>
), flatened at base. Marginal teeth romboid in shape, presenting outer pointed cusp; decreasing in size toward lateral rim. Rachidian not observed. Salivary glands paired, saccular, small; lying behind pharynx, connected to it through small, thin, tubular ducts. Oesophagus thin, originating from posterior part of pharynx; passing through nerve ring, widening toward ventral side, reaching stomach far posteriorly; partly covered by gonad. Stomach completely surrounded by holohepatic digestive gland, situated in posterior third of viscera (
<figureCitation box="[477,584,973,996]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,168,1702,1722]" captionTargetBox="[209,699,1055,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-85@3.[208,700,1054,1685]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3 Macro-scan (0.4×) reconstruction of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. a Right-lateral, general view of all reconstructed organs. b Left-lateral view of the digestive system.a anus, cg cerebral ganglia, dgl digestive gland, gi gills, ht heart, int intestine, ja jaws, gon gonad, kid kidney, m mouth, mmgl membrane + mucus glands, od oral disk, oes oesophagus, ot oral tube, pen penis, peg pedal ganglia, per pericardium, pha pharynx, plg pleural ganglia, pro prostate, rad radula, rh rhinophore, sto stomach, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563011/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 3a, b</figureCitation>
). Digestive gland presenting reticulated pattern, more pronounced toward periphery. Intestine thin, originating mid-dorsally from stomach, widening, becoming compressed, forming pronounced loop to right side, returning toward left side, ending in anal papilla.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,772,1189,1909]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[136,376,1189,1212]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Reproductive system</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[394,509,1189,1212]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[816,851,729,749]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,145,712]" captionTargetId="figure-250@3.[818,1450,144,713]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4 Micro-CT reconstruction of the anterior body region of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. (4×). a Antero-lateral view of the reproductive system; membrane + mucus glands and vagina not depicted; asterisk showing connection between distal ampulla and prostate. b Frontal view of the reproductive system. c Ventral view of digestive, nervous, and reproductive systems. d Frontal view of the nervous system; missing nerves are depicted with white-dashed lines. am ampulla, bc bursa copulatrix, bg buccal ganglia, cg cerebral ganglia, cgl capsule gland, ga genital atrium, gon gonad, ln lateral nerves, mmgl membrane + mucus glands, N1 oral nerve, N2 labial nerve, N3 rhinophoral nerve, od odontophore, oes oesophagus, pen penis, peg pedal ganglia, pha pharynx, plg pleural ganglia, pro prostate, rad radula, rhg rhinophoral ganglia, rm retractor muscles, rs receptaculum seminis, st statocyst, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563007" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563007/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
Figs. 4a
<emphasis box="[483,496,1189,1212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105"></emphasis>
c
</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation box="[567,580,1189,1212]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[816,848,1782,1802]" captionTargetBox="[889,1379,1350,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-390@3.[888,1380,1349,1766]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 5 Schematic outline of the reproductive system of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. am ampulla, bc bursa copulatrix, ga genital atrium, gon gonad, nigl nidamental glands (capsule, membrane, and mucus glands), pen penis, pro prostate, rs receptaculum seminis, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563013/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">5</figureCitation>
) Triaulic. Gonad placed in middle region of body in front of digestive gland; globular in appearance, presenting up to 60 follicles. Gonoducts large connecting in front of gonad, converging into thin, tubular ampulla. Ampulla lying on gonad, extending ventrally (
<figureCitation box="[253,337,1355,1378]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[816,851,729,749]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,145,712]" captionTargetId="figure-250@3.[818,1450,144,713]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4 Micro-CT reconstruction of the anterior body region of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. (4×). a Antero-lateral view of the reproductive system; membrane + mucus glands and vagina not depicted; asterisk showing connection between distal ampulla and prostate. b Frontal view of the reproductive system. c Ventral view of digestive, nervous, and reproductive systems. d Frontal view of the nervous system; missing nerves are depicted with white-dashed lines. am ampulla, bc bursa copulatrix, bg buccal ganglia, cg cerebral ganglia, cgl capsule gland, ga genital atrium, gon gonad, ln lateral nerves, mmgl membrane + mucus glands, N1 oral nerve, N2 labial nerve, N3 rhinophoral nerve, od odontophore, oes oesophagus, pen penis, peg pedal ganglia, pha pharynx, plg pleural ganglia, pro prostate, rad radula, rhg rhinophoral ganglia, rm retractor muscles, rs receptaculum seminis, st statocyst, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563007" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563007/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 4a</figureCitation>
). Vas deferens originating from distal gonoduct close to ampulla, leading into big, folded prostate; prostate making counterclockwise loop alongside body wall, connecting dorsally to thick distal vas deferens, proximally making short loop (
<figureCitation box="[351,432,1488,1511]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[816,851,729,749]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,145,712]" captionTargetId="figure-250@3.[818,1450,144,713]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4 Micro-CT reconstruction of the anterior body region of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. (4×). a Antero-lateral view of the reproductive system; membrane + mucus glands and vagina not depicted; asterisk showing connection between distal ampulla and prostate. b Frontal view of the reproductive system. c Ventral view of digestive, nervous, and reproductive systems. d Frontal view of the nervous system; missing nerves are depicted with white-dashed lines. am ampulla, bc bursa copulatrix, bg buccal ganglia, cg cerebral ganglia, cgl capsule gland, ga genital atrium, gon gonad, ln lateral nerves, mmgl membrane + mucus glands, N1 oral nerve, N2 labial nerve, N3 rhinophoral nerve, od odontophore, oes oesophagus, pen penis, peg pedal ganglia, pha pharynx, plg pleural ganglia, pro prostate, rad radula, rhg rhinophoral ganglia, rm retractor muscles, rs receptaculum seminis, st statocyst, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563007" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563007/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 4b</figureCitation>
). Penis small, short, apparently unarmed; placed inside large, globe-shaped, muscular, penial sheath, lying close to genital atrium in right antero-lateral side of body (
<figureCitation box="[231,334,1587,1610]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[816,851,729,749]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,145,712]" captionTargetId="figure-250@3.[818,1450,144,713]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4 Micro-CT reconstruction of the anterior body region of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. (4×). a Antero-lateral view of the reproductive system; membrane + mucus glands and vagina not depicted; asterisk showing connection between distal ampulla and prostate. b Frontal view of the reproductive system. c Ventral view of digestive, nervous, and reproductive systems. d Frontal view of the nervous system; missing nerves are depicted with white-dashed lines. am ampulla, bc bursa copulatrix, bg buccal ganglia, cg cerebral ganglia, cgl capsule gland, ga genital atrium, gon gonad, ln lateral nerves, mmgl membrane + mucus glands, N1 oral nerve, N2 labial nerve, N3 rhinophoral nerve, od odontophore, oes oesophagus, pen penis, peg pedal ganglia, pha pharynx, plg pleural ganglia, pro prostate, rad radula, rhg rhinophoral ganglia, rm retractor muscles, rs receptaculum seminis, st statocyst, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563007" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563007/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 4a, b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[136,772,1189,1909]" lastBlockId="4.[816,1451,159,215]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
Vaginal duct originating from proximal oviduct, close to ampulla forming a very short uterine duct, entering saccular receptaculum seminis. Bursa copulatrix saccular, roundish, originating from thin duct distally from vagina, placed in central transverse position. Vagina relatively short, opening into genital atrium. Oviduct short, placed at distal gonoduct leading to capsule gland. Capsule gland extending far posteriorly into gonad. Membrane and mucus glands not clearly distinct from each other, embracing capsule gland, extending lateroventrally close to body wall (
<figureCitation box="[1126,1203,159,182]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[816,851,729,749]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,145,712]" captionTargetId="figure-250@3.[818,1450,144,713]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4 Micro-CT reconstruction of the anterior body region of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. (4×). a Antero-lateral view of the reproductive system; membrane + mucus glands and vagina not depicted; asterisk showing connection between distal ampulla and prostate. b Frontal view of the reproductive system. c Ventral view of digestive, nervous, and reproductive systems. d Frontal view of the nervous system; missing nerves are depicted with white-dashed lines. am ampulla, bc bursa copulatrix, bg buccal ganglia, cg cerebral ganglia, cgl capsule gland, ga genital atrium, gon gonad, ln lateral nerves, mmgl membrane + mucus glands, N1 oral nerve, N2 labial nerve, N3 rhinophoral nerve, od odontophore, oes oesophagus, pen penis, peg pedal ganglia, pha pharynx, plg pleural ganglia, pro prostate, rad radula, rhg rhinophoral ganglia, rm retractor muscles, rs receptaculum seminis, st statocyst, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563007" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563007/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 4c</figureCitation>
). See overall schematic outline of reproductive system in
<figureCitation box="[1166,1227,192,215]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[816,848,1782,1802]" captionTargetBox="[889,1379,1350,1765]" captionTargetId="figure-390@3.[888,1380,1349,1766]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 5 Schematic outline of the reproductive system of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. am ampulla, bc bursa copulatrix, ga genital atrium, gon gonad, nigl nidamental glands (capsule, membrane, and mucus glands), pen penis, pro prostate, rs receptaculum seminis, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563013" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563013/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[816,1452,259,647]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,993,259,282]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Nervous system</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[1011,1089,259,282]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[816,851,729,749]" captionTargetBox="[819,1449,145,712]" captionTargetId="figure-250@3.[818,1450,144,713]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 4 Micro-CT reconstruction of the anterior body region of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. (4×). a Antero-lateral view of the reproductive system; membrane + mucus glands and vagina not depicted; asterisk showing connection between distal ampulla and prostate. b Frontal view of the reproductive system. c Ventral view of digestive, nervous, and reproductive systems. d Frontal view of the nervous system; missing nerves are depicted with white-dashed lines. am ampulla, bc bursa copulatrix, bg buccal ganglia, cg cerebral ganglia, cgl capsule gland, ga genital atrium, gon gonad, ln lateral nerves, mmgl membrane + mucus glands, N1 oral nerve, N2 labial nerve, N3 rhinophoral nerve, od odontophore, oes oesophagus, pen penis, peg pedal ganglia, pha pharynx, plg pleural ganglia, pro prostate, rad radula, rhg rhinophoral ganglia, rm retractor muscles, rs receptaculum seminis, st statocyst, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563007" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563007/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 4d</figureCitation>
) Cerebral ganglia large, interconnected by short commissure; laterally oral nerve (N1) reaching mouth; labial nerve (N2) reaching anterior part of oral tube; rhinophoral nerve (N3) connected through small rhinophoral ganglia to cerebral ganglia, innervating rhinophores. Neither optical nerve, optic ganglion, nor eyes detected. Pleural ganglia attached to cerebral ganglia, without visible connectives. Statocysts present on ventral side of pleural ganglia, close to pharynx. Pedal ganglia large, interconnected by long commissure; with two lateral nerves running to ventral side. Two buccal ganglia, small, neighboring, lying at base of salivary glands, partly surrounded by them.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[816,1452,690,913]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,1192,690,713]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Circulatory and excretory systems</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation box="[1204,1264,690,713]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[136,168,1702,1722]" captionTargetBox="[209,699,1055,1684]" captionTargetId="figure-85@3.[208,700,1054,1685]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 3 Macro-scan (0.4×) reconstruction of Doridunculus punkus n. sp. a Right-lateral, general view of all reconstructed organs. b Left-lateral view of the digestive system.a anus, cg cerebral ganglia, dgl digestive gland, gi gills, ht heart, int intestine, ja jaws, gon gonad, kid kidney, m mouth, mmgl membrane + mucus glands, od oral disk, oes oesophagus, ot oral tube, pen penis, peg pedal ganglia, per pericardium, pha pharynx, plg pleural ganglia, pro prostate, rad radula, rh rhinophore, sto stomach, vag vagina, vd vas deferens" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4563011" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4563011/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) Pericardium flattened, placed at posterior part of body, above kidney, intestine, and digestive gland. Heart placed in longitudinal axis, no obvious distinction between auricle and ventricle. Aorta and blood gland not observed. Kidney lying below pericardium, extending back behind digestive gland; no nephroduct observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="105" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph blockId="4.[816,1452,956,1278]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,904,956,979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Ecology</emphasis>
The single specimen of
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" box="[1151,1255,956,979]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[1151,1255,956,979]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">D. punkus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1260,1315,956,979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
was found in a detritus-rich benthic bottom at 228-m depth. The community was dominated by sessile phyla, such as sponges (
<taxonomicName box="[1335,1444,1023,1046]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tetillidae" genus="Cinachyra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Spirophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1335,1444,1023,1046]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Cinachyra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName box="[816,921,1056,1079]" class="Demospongiae" family="Microcionidae" genus="Clathria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[816,921,1056,1079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Clathria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Koehler" authorityYear="1885" box="[945,1059,1056,1079]" class="Demospongiae" family="Isodictyidae" genus="Isodyctia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[945,1059,1056,1079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Isodyctia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName box="[1083,1169,1056,1079]" class="Demospongiae" family="Acarnidae" genus="Iophon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1083,1169,1056,1079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Iophon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName box="[1193,1290,1056,1079]" class="Demospongiae" family="Tedaniidae" genus="Tedania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poecilosclerida" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1193,1290,1056,1079]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Tedania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), bryozoans (
<taxonomicName authorityName="J.V.F.Lamouroux" authorityYear="1813" box="[826,969,1089,1112]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Alcyonidiidae" genus="Alcyonidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ctenostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[826,969,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Alcyonidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName box="[989,1099,1089,1112]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Flustridae" genus="Carbasea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[989,1099,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Carbasea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Rogick" authorityYear="1960" box="[1118,1306,1089,1112]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Eminooeciidae" genus="Isoschizoporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1118,1306,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Isoschizoporella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Harmer" authorityYear="1923" box="[1326,1443,1089,1112]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Candidae" genus="Notoplites" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1326,1443,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Notoplites</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName box="[816,935,1122,1145]" class="Gymnolaemata" family="Phidoloporidae" genus="Reteporella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cheilostomatida" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Bryozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[816,935,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Reteporella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), gorgonians (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1870" box="[1092,1206,1122,1145]" class="Anthozoa" family="Primnoidae" genus="Thouarella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1092,1206,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Thouarella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName box="[1221,1333,1122,1145]" class="Anthozoa" family="Isididae" genus="Primnoisis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Alcyonacea" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1221,1333,1122,1145]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Primnoisis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), ascidians (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Savigny" authorityYear="1816" box="[828,950,1156,1179]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polyclinidae" genus="Aplidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[828,950,1156,1179]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Aplidium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName box="[978,1174,1156,1179]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Styelidae" genus="Cnemidocarpa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurogona" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[978,1174,1156,1179]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Cnemidocarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and pterobranchs (
<taxonomicName box="[825,979,1189,1212]" class="Pterobranchia" family="Cephalodiscidae" genus="Cephalodiscus" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Hemichordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[825,979,1189,1212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Cephalodiscus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Vagile fauna such as nudibranchs (
<taxonomicName box="[1385,1445,1189,1212]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dorididae" genus="Doris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1385,1445,1189,1212]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Doris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName box="[816,868,1222,1245]" class="Gastropoda" family="Dotidae" genus="Doto" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[816,868,1222,1245]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Doto</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName box="[884,967,1222,1245]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tritoniidae" genus="Tritonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[884,967,1222,1245]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Tritonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Eliot" authorityYear="1907" box="[982,1090,1222,1245]" class="Gastropoda" family="Tritoniidae" genus="Tritoniella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[982,1090,1222,1245]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Tritoniella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), sea cucumbers, and polychaetes were also collected at the same station.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="105" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="4.[816,1452,1322,1411]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,936,1322,1345]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Etymology</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" box="[942,1048,1322,1345]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[942,1048,1322,1345]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">D. punkus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1054,1110,1322,1345]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is named after the Mohican hairstyle of the punks, referring to the presence of one keel in the dorsum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="4.[816,927,1486,1512]" box="[816,927,1486,1512]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<heading bold="true" box="[816,927,1486,1512]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" reason="0">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[816,927,1486,1512]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="4.[816,1452,1554,1909]" lastBlockId="5.[136,771,159,448]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="106" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" box="[816,921,1554,1577]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[816,921,1554,1577]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">D. punkus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[927,982,1554,1577]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differs from its congeners by the small folded oral tentacles, rounded (instead of bilobed) posterior notum, and by having a notal rim not covering the foot. The new species presents a single dorsal keel, while
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1878" box="[1294,1451,1654,1677]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinulatus">
<emphasis box="[1294,1451,1654,1677]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">D. echinulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
presents two keels, more or less separated (
<bibRefCitation author="Sars, G. O." box="[1327,1443,1687,1710]" journalOrPublisher="I. Mollusca regions arcticae Norvegiae. Christiania" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 426" refId="ref8273" refString="Sars, G. O. (1878). Bidrag til kundskaben om Norges Arktiske Fauna. I. Mollusca regions arcticae Norvegiae. Christiania, 1 - 426." title="Bidrag til kundskaben om Norges Arktiske Fauna" type="book chapter" year="1878">Sars 1878</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Odhner, N. H. J." box="[816,962,1720,1743]" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps- Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 118" part="41" refId="ref8046" refString="Odhner, N. H. J. (1907). Northern and Arctic invertebrates in the collection of the Swedish State Museum (Rijksmuseum). III. Opisthobranchia and Pteropoda. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps- Akademiens Handlingar, 41, 1 - 118." title="Northern and Arctic invertebrates in the collection of the Swedish State Museum (Rijksmuseum). III. Opisthobranchia and Pteropoda" type="journal article" year="1907">Odhner 1907</bibRefCitation>
), and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martynov &amp; Roginskaya" authorityYear="2005" box="[1038,1146,1720,1743]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="unicus">
<emphasis box="[1038,1146,1720,1743]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">D. unicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks them (
<bibRefCitation author="Martynov, A. V. &amp; Roginskaya, I. S." journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" pagination="135 - 145" part="14" refId="ref7616" refString="Martynov, A. V., &amp; Roginskaya, I. S. (2005). A new species of the genus Doridunculus G. O. Sars, 1878 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia): a hydroid-feeding dorid from the abyssal depths of the sea of Japan. Ruthenica, 14, 135 - 145." title="A new species of the genus Doridunculus G. O. Sars, 1878 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia): a hydroid-feeding dorid from the abyssal depths of the sea of Japan" type="journal article" year="2005">Martynov and Roginskaya 2005</bibRefCitation>
). Both
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" box="[1078,1185,1753,1776]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[1078,1185,1753,1776]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">D. punkus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[1191,1248,1753,1776]" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1878" box="[1300,1451,1753,1776]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinulatus">
<emphasis box="[1300,1451,1753,1776]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">D. echinulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lack a rachidian tooth. In
<taxonomicName authorityName="Martynov &amp; Roginskaya" authorityYear="2005" box="[1090,1192,1786,1809]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="unicus">
<emphasis box="[1090,1192,1786,1809]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">D. unicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the rachidian is present and it is similar to that of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bergh" authorityYear="1892" box="[1099,1200,1820,1843]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Akiodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1099,1200,1820,1843]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Akiodoris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authority="(Millen and Martynov 2005)" baseAuthorityName="Millen and Martynov" baseAuthorityYear="2005" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Armodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[1254,1365,1820,1843]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="105">Armodoris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Millen, S. V. &amp; Martynov, A." journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the California Academy of Sciencies" pageId="4" pageNumber="105" pagination="1 - 22" part="56" refId="ref7804" refString="Millen, S. V., &amp; Martynov, A. (2005). Redescriptions of the nudibranch genera Akiodoris Bergh, 1879 and Armodoris Minichev, 1972 (suborder Doridacea), with a new species of Akiodoris and a new family Akiodorididae. Proceeding of the California Academy of Sciencies, 56, 1 - 22." title="Redescriptions of the nudibranch genera Akiodoris Bergh, 1879 and Armodoris Minichev, 1972 (suborder Doridacea), with a new species of Akiodoris and a new family Akiodorididae" type="journal article" year="2005">Millen and Martynov 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. A hook-shaped inner lateral tooth is an autapomorphy of the herein described species, not found in any of the described species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Millen &amp; Martynov" authorityYear="2005" box="[452,605,159,182]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Akiodorididae</taxonomicName>
. The stomach of
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" box="[136,247,192,215]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[136,247,192,215]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">D. punkus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[256,317,192,215]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is completely enveloped by the digestive gland, while it is fully free in
<taxonomicName authority="(Martynov and Roginskaya 2005)" baseAuthorityName="Martynov and Roginskaya" baseAuthorityYear="2005" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="unicus">
<emphasis box="[486,594,226,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">D. unicus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Martynov, A. V. &amp; Roginskaya, I. S." journalOrPublisher="Ruthenica" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" pagination="135 - 145" part="14" refId="ref7616" refString="Martynov, A. V., &amp; Roginskaya, I. S. (2005). A new species of the genus Doridunculus G. O. Sars, 1878 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia): a hydroid-feeding dorid from the abyssal depths of the sea of Japan. Ruthenica, 14, 135 - 145." title="A new species of the genus Doridunculus G. O. Sars, 1878 (Mollusca, Nudibranchia): a hydroid-feeding dorid from the abyssal depths of the sea of Japan" type="journal article" year="2005">Martynov and Roginskaya 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. Cerebral and pleural ganglia are separated in
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" box="[168,282,292,315]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[168,282,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">D. punkus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[293,357,292,315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, similarly to
<taxonomicName authority="(Millen and Martynov 2005)" baseAuthorityName="Millen and Martynov" baseAuthorityYear="2005" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Armodoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[512,628,292,315]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">Armodoris</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Millen, S. V. &amp; Martynov, A." journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the California Academy of Sciencies" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 22" part="56" refId="ref7804" refString="Millen, S. V., &amp; Martynov, A. (2005). Redescriptions of the nudibranch genera Akiodoris Bergh, 1879 and Armodoris Minichev, 1972 (suborder Doridacea), with a new species of Akiodoris and a new family Akiodorididae. Proceeding of the California Academy of Sciencies, 56, 1 - 22." title="Redescriptions of the nudibranch genera Akiodoris Bergh, 1879 and Armodoris Minichev, 1972 (suborder Doridacea), with a new species of Akiodoris and a new family Akiodorididae" type="journal article" year="2005">Millen and Martynov 2005</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. In
<taxonomicName authority="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila, 2016" authorityName="Moles &amp; Wägele &amp; Uhl &amp; Avila" authorityYear="2016" box="[345,450,325,348]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="punkus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis box="[345,450,325,348]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">D. punkus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[456,513,325,348]" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, eyes were not observed; this character was not specified in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sars" authorityYear="1878" box="[494,645,359,382]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="echinulatus">
<emphasis box="[494,645,359,382]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">D. echinulatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Sars, G. O." box="[659,764,359,382]" journalOrPublisher="I. Mollusca regions arcticae Norvegiae. Christiania" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 426" refId="ref8273" refString="Sars, G. O. (1878). Bidrag til kundskaben om Norges Arktiske Fauna. I. Mollusca regions arcticae Norvegiae. Christiania, 1 - 426." title="Bidrag til kundskaben om Norges Arktiske Fauna" type="book chapter" year="1878">Sars 1878</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Odhner, N. H. J." box="[136,276,392,415]" journalOrPublisher="Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps- Akademiens Handlingar" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 118" part="41" refId="ref8046" refString="Odhner, N. H. J. (1907). Northern and Arctic invertebrates in the collection of the Swedish State Museum (Rijksmuseum). III. Opisthobranchia and Pteropoda. Kungliga Svenska Vetenskaps- Akademiens Handlingar, 41, 1 - 118." title="Northern and Arctic invertebrates in the collection of the Swedish State Museum (Rijksmuseum). III. Opisthobranchia and Pteropoda" type="journal article" year="1907">Odhner 1907</bibRefCitation>
), while
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Martynov and Roginskaya" baseAuthorityYear="2005" box="[368,471,392,415]" class="Gastropoda" family="Akiodorididae" genus="Doridunculus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Nudibranchia" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="unicus">
<emphasis box="[368,471,392,415]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="106">D. unicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses eyes (
<bibRefCitation author="Millen, S. V. &amp; Martynov, A." journalOrPublisher="Proceeding of the California Academy of Sciencies" pageId="5" pageNumber="106" pagination="1 - 22" part="56" refId="ref7804" refString="Millen, S. V., &amp; Martynov, A. (2005). Redescriptions of the nudibranch genera Akiodoris Bergh, 1879 and Armodoris Minichev, 1972 (suborder Doridacea), with a new species of Akiodoris and a new family Akiodorididae. Proceeding of the California Academy of Sciencies, 56, 1 - 22." title="Redescriptions of the nudibranch genera Akiodoris Bergh, 1879 and Armodoris Minichev, 1972 (suborder Doridacea), with a new species of Akiodoris and a new family Akiodorididae" type="journal article" year="2005">Millen and Martynov 2005</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>