treatments-xml/data/71/27/94/712794580B62C030FF3FFF73863EFCF5.xml
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<mods:title id="C454AF7B823D339B25EECBBBDFDDC6A7">The external larval morphology of aquatic and terrestrial Luciolinae fireflies (Coleoptera: Lampyridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C4F6900EE7EB162E9755A7ADA9C9928D">Fu, Xinhua</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="B19476C50B62C030FF3FFF738020FF49" box="[151,536,151,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F931254E0B62C030FF3FFF738020FF49" blockId="15.[151,536,151,177]" box="[151,536,151,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<heading id="A27992220B62C030FF3FFF738020FF49" bold="true" box="[151,536,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="3E8E5ECD0B62C030FF3FFF738020FF49" ID-CoL="6R2BX" authority="Sato et Kimura" authorityName="Sato et Kimura" box="[151,536,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="owadai">
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FF3FFF738020FF49" bold="true" box="[151,536,151,177]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FF3FFF738369FF49" bold="true" box="[151,337,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Luciola owadai</emphasis>
Satô
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FE3FFF738394FF49" bold="true" box="[407,428,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et</emphasis>
Kimura
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="B19476C50B62C030FF3FFF3B8109FF0C" box="[151,817,222,245]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="F931254E0B62C030FF3FFF3B8109FF0C" blockId="15.[151,817,222,245]" box="[151,817,222,245]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
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<taxonomicName id="3E8E5ECD0B62C030FF3FFF3B8073FF0C" ID-CoL="6R2BX" authority="Sato &amp; Kimura, 1994: 159" authorityName="Sato &amp; Kimura" authorityPageNumber="159" authorityYear="1994" box="[151,587,222,245]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="owadai">
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FF3FFF3B830EFF0D" box="[151,310,223,245]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Luciola owadai</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="782F035F0B62C030FE93FF3B8073FF0C" author="Sato" box="[315,587,222,244]" page="159" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="9D1F58BF0B62C030FE93FF3B8020FF0C" author="Sato" box="[315,536,222,244]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Sato, M. &amp; Kimura, M. (1994) Discovery of a new firefly of the Genus Luciola (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) from Kume-jima of the Ryukyu Island. Elytra, 22 (1), 159 - 162." type="journal article" year="1994">Satô &amp; Kimura, 1994</bibRefCitation>
: 159
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<treatmentCitation id="782F035F0B62C030FDFDFF3A8116FF0C" author="Ohba" box="[597,814,222,245]" page="13" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="9D1F58BF0B62C030FDFDFF3A8130FF0C" author="Ohba" box="[597,776,222,245]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Ohba, N., &amp; Sim, S. H. (1994) The morphology, behaviour and life cycle of Pteroptyx valida (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) in Singapore. Science Report of the Yokosuka City Museum, 42, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1994">
Ohba
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FD3AFF048087FF0D" box="[658,703,223,245]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al</emphasis>
., 1994
</bibRefCitation>
: 13
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.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B19476C50B62C030FF3FFEC487A5FDA1" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="F931254E0B62C030FF3FFEC487A5FDA1" blockId="15.[151,1437,288,781]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FF3FFEC48329FEC1" bold="true" box="[151,273,288,313]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Similar to larvae of
<taxonomicName id="3E8E5ECD0B62C030FDA8FEC5805DFEC1" box="[512,613,289,313]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Aquatica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FDA8FEC5805DFEC1" box="[512,613,289,313]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Aquatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., distinguished only by the dorsal colour patterns, especially that of the protergum; protergum with extensive median dark area prolonged in middle along anterior and posterior margins; dark area may extend to sides; [
<bibRefCitation id="9D1F58BF0B62C030FD9EFE8D810DFE79" author="Sato" box="[566,821,361,385]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Sato, M. &amp; Kimura, M. (1994) Discovery of a new firefly of the Genus Luciola (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) from Kume-jima of the Ryukyu Island. Elytra, 22 (1), 159 - 162." type="journal article" year="1994">Satô &amp; Kimura (1994)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="9D1F58BF0B62C030FCC3FE8D8601FE79" box="[875,1081,361,385]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Ohba, N., &amp; Sim, S. H. (1994) The morphology, behaviour and life cycle of Pteroptyx valida (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) in Singapore. Science Report of the Yokosuka City Museum, 42, 1 - 11." type="journal article">
Ohba
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FC07FE8E81D8FE79" box="[943,992,361,385]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al</emphasis>
. (1994)
</bibRefCitation>
described the median dark area on the protergum as cross shaped with each arm relatively wide and subequal in width, unlike
<taxonomicName id="3E8E5ECD0B62C030FB60FE6A871DFE5D" box="[1224,1317,398,421]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cruciata">
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FB60FE6A871DFE5D" box="[1224,1317,398,421]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">cruciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
where the anterior and posterior margins narrowly prolonged]; most of posterior half of thoracic terga obliquely pale across corners and narrowly across posterior margin; pale areas across posterior margins of most abdominal terga restricted to 2 separate areas with the outer area larger; median line wide (maximum width across abdominal terga 3, 4), and terga widely separated (as in Figs 81, 82); abdominal glands not investigated; antennal segment 3 with closely adpressed finger like projections subequal in length to adjacent sense cone; mandibles lacking retinaculum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B19476C50B62C030FF6FFD81863EFCF5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="F931254E0B62C030FF6FFD81863EFCF5" blockId="15.[151,1437,288,781]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FF6FFD81830CFD85" bold="true" box="[199,308,613,637]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Remarks</emphasis>
. The authors herein did not examine specimens of this species which is now protected in
<collectingCountry id="819965DE0B62C030FAF4FD8287A4FD85" box="[1372,1436,614,637]" name="Japan" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Japan</collectingCountry>
(Ohba pers. com.).
<bibRefCitation id="9D1F58BF0B62C030FEDDFD6D807CFD59" author="Ohba" box="[373,580,649,673]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Ohba, N., &amp; Sim, S. H. (1994) The morphology, behaviour and life cycle of Pteroptyx valida (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) in Singapore. Science Report of the Yokosuka City Museum, 42, 1 - 11." type="journal article" year="1994">
Ohba
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FE13FD6E83CEFD59" box="[443,502,649,673]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
(1994
</bibRefCitation>
:17 Fig. 1) depicted the gills as single branched with a very short posterior swelling which could be the retracted second branch.
<bibRefCitation id="9D1F58BF0B62C030FD50FD4A8180FD3D" author="Jeng" box="[760,952,685,710]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refString="Jeng, M. L., Lai, J. &amp; Yang, P. S. (2003) Lampyridae: A synopsis of aquatic fireflies with description of a new species. In: Jach, M. A. &amp; Ji, L. (eds), Water Beetles of China Vol. III, Zoologisch-Botanische Gesellschaft in Osterreich, Wiener Coleopterologenverein pp. 539 - 562." type="book chapter" year="2003">
Jeng
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FC9BFD4A8155FD3D" box="[819,877,685,709]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">et al.</emphasis>
(2003
</bibRefCitation>
:544) differentiated
<taxonomicName id="3E8E5ECD0B62C030FB3FFD4986D2FD3D" box="[1175,1258,685,709]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="owadai">
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FB3FFD4986D2FD3D" box="[1175,1258,685,709]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">owadai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="3E8E5ECD0B62C030FA8AFD4987A4FD3D" box="[1314,1436,685,709]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Aquatica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hydrophila">
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FA8AFD4987A4FD3D" box="[1314,1436,685,709]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">hydrophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on pronotal colouration, length of gills (those of
<taxonomicName id="3E8E5ECD0B62C030FD66FD358170FD11" box="[718,840,721,745]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Aquatica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hydrophila">
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FD66FD358170FD11" box="[718,840,721,745]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">hydrophila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are shorter with more obtuse apices), and pygopod structure (in
<taxonomicName id="3E8E5ECD0B62C030FE8EFD118341FCF5" box="[294,377,757,781]" class="Insecta" family="Lampyridae" genus="Luciola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="owadai">
<emphasis id="CBFAF95C0B62C030FE8EFD118341FCF5" box="[294,377,757,781]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">owadai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the basal row of pygopods has four retractable filaments).
</paragraph>
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