treatments-xml/data/6F/A5/CD/6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.63.6262" ID-PMC="PMC4956929" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-63-63" ID-Pensoft-UUID="C12BFF8EBE10FFD42532FFA2FFC05F36" ID-PubMed="27489479" ID-Zenodo-Dep="899007" ModsDocID="1314-2003-63-63" checkinTime="1464834597576" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Marshall, Andrew R., Couvreur, Thomas L. P., Summers, Abigail L., Deere, Nicolas J., Luke, W. R. Quentin, Ndangalasi, Henry J., Sparrow, Sue &amp; Johnson, David M." docDate="2016" docId="6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 63: 63-76" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 63" docPubDate="2016-06-01" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.63.6262" docTitle="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="C12BFF8EBE10FFD42532FFA2FFC05F36" lastPageNumber="67" masterDocId="C12BFF8EBE10FFD42532FFA2FFC05F36" masterDocTitle="A new species in the tree genus Polyceratocarpus (Annonaceae) from the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1668141697803" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A new species in the tree genus Polyceratocarpus (Annonaceae) from the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Marshall, Andrew R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CIRCLE, Environment Department, University of York, York, UK &amp; Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">andy.marshall@york.ac.uk</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Couvreur, Thomas L. P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8509-6587</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, UMR-DIADE, BP 64501, F- 34394 Montpellier cedex 5, France &amp; Universite de Yaounde I, Ecole Normale Superieure, Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Laboratoire de Botanique systematique et d'Ecologie, B. P. 047, Yaounde, Cameroon &amp; Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis (section NHN), Biosystematics Group, Wageningen University, the Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Summers, Abigail L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CIRCLE, Environment Department, University of York, York, UK &amp; Flamingo Land Ltd., Kirby Misperton, North Yorkshire, UK &amp; Biology Department, University of York, York, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Deere, Nicolas J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>CIRCLE, Environment Department, University of York, York, UK &amp; Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology, School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Luke, W. R. Quentin</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>East African Herbarium, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ndangalasi, Henry J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sparrow, Sue</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Biology Department, University of York, York, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Johnson, David M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany &amp; Microbiology, Ohio Wesleyan University, Delaware, Ohio 43015 USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2016-06-01</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>63</mods:number>
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<mods:start>63</mods:start>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.63.6262</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.63.6262</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-63-63</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">C12BFF8EBE10FFD42532FFA2FFC05F36</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">899007</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182227131" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName LSID="6FA5CD18-9AA5-5AE5-88F3-4E077C820E0A" authority="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae" status="sp. nov.">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae A.R. Marshall &amp; D.M. Johnson</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="1" pageNumber="64">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Known distribution of Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae in the Eastern Arc Mountains (EAM). EAM boundary and forest cover (green) derived from Platts et al. (2011). Black boundaries within EAM boundary show protected areas. Pale green areas in the lower maps show degraded forest with canopy &lt;10 %." pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae drawings of A tree architecture B fresh fruits C fresh flower below D fresh ramiflorous flower buds E-F dry and fresh bisexual flower (one petal removed) G fresh bisexual flower above H dried stamens I - J fresh and dry carpels lacking stigmas K dried carpel with stigma, plus photographs of L fresh leaves M fruit and N flower. Drawings by Sue Sparrow, A by Andrew Marshall, E and K by Andrew Brown, from the following specimens: Marshall 2070 (B); Marshall 2117 (C-E and G-L) and Luke 11279 (F). Scale bars: 20 mm unless stated." pageId="1" pageNumber="64">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. SEM photograph of Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae dried seed cross-section, showing spiniform ruminations." pageId="1" pageNumber="64">, 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
This species may be distinguished from other species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engler &amp; Diels" authorityYear="1900" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus" order="Magnoliales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Polyceratocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the combination of glabrous non-glaucous leaves with finely reticulate to weakly scalariform tertiary venation, pedicels 15-22 mm long, broadly ovoid buds, chartaceous petals 10-17 mm long, 5 to 18 carpels/monocarps, and relatively large torulose monocarps.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Marshall 2117</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
K; isotypes DSM, MO, NHT), 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-05-30" country="Tanzania" county="Ndundulu Forest" elevation="1490" latitude="-7.8" location="Udzungwa Mountains" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.516666" municipality="Kilombero Nature Reserve" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iringa Region" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Tanzania">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, 
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Iringa">Iringa Region</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingCounty>Ndundulu Forest</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>Kilombero Nature Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:C44C4E816B8DAC343785FCBA8BB098A2" country="Tanzania" county="Ndundulu Forest" latitude="-7.8" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.516666" municipality="Kilombero Nature Reserve" name="Udzungwa Mountains" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Udzungwa Mountains</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.8">07°48'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="36.516666">36°31'E</geoCoordinate>
(WGS84), 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.49" unit="m" value="1490.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.49" unit="m" value="1490.0">1490 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectingDate value="2011-05-30">30 May 2011</collectingDate>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
Monopodial 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">tree</emphasis>
to 20 m tall, 4.0-25.4 cm diam.; bark smooth, sparsely lenticellate, often with weak horizontal striations and pits on large trees, grey-brown; branches spirally arranged on trunk, branching from half to two fifths of the height of the main stem, perpendicular but sinuous and drooping slightly; twigs longitudinally rugulose, inconsistently marked with small but prominent lenticels, glabrous, brown. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Leaves</emphasis>
: petiole 4-9 mm long, 1.6-3.3 mm thick, roughened, black, glabrous; lamina narrowly to broadly elliptic-oblong to oblanceolate, or rarely obovate, (5.0-)9.0-25.7 by (3.7-)4.9-8.6(-11.6) cm, chartaceous to coriaceous, greenish gray in sicco, glabrous on both surfaces, base rounded and minutely subcordate, apex acuminate with the acumen 12-20 mm long or occasionally obtuse, midvein plane to slightly impressed above, raised below, secondary veins 9 to 17 per side, diverging at 45-60° from midrib, eucamptodromous to weakly brochidodromous, slightly raised to slightly impressed above, raised below, tertiary veins finely reticulate to somewhat scalariform, indistinct to slightly raised above, raised and conspicuous below. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Inflorescences</emphasis>
1- or 2-flowered, axillary or occasionally ramiflorous, forming tubercles on leafless growth; pedicels 15-29 mm long 1-3 mm diam., finely appressed-puberulent, bearing a bract 0.8-1 mm long 1/4-2/5 of the distance above pedicel base. Flowers bisexual or staminate, buds broadly ovoid; sepals 3, valvate, crescent-shaped, 2-3.5 mm long, partially connate at the base so that as corolla expands the calyx becomes discoid to triangular with diameter of 7-8 mm, appressed-puberulent abaxially; petals in two whorls of 3, pale yellow in vivo; outer petals occasionally tinged pink on abaxial surface in vivo, valvate, spreading horizontally and recurving at anthesis, narrowly elliptic to elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 10-16 mm long by (5-)8-11 mm wide, coriaceous, apex obtuse, sparsely pubescent adaxially, ferruginous appressed-puberulent but becoming glabrate and verrucose abaxially; inner petals sometimes with a pale brownish-yellow median stripe abaxially, valvate, erect at anthesis with the apices recurved, narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, elliptic, or elliptic-oblanceolate, 11-17 mm long 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-7 mm wide, coriaceous, external surface marked by a broad flattened ridge that narrows from base to apex, glabrous adaxially, appressed-puberulent with 
<pageBreakToken pageId="2" pageNumber="65" start="start">trichomes</pageBreakToken>
densest along ridge and at apex abaxially, verrucose on both surfaces, apex acute; stamens ca. 200, 2.0-2.8 mm long, clavate, apex of connective obliquely truncate, pale brown with orange apex, glabrous?; carpels 5 to 18, oblong, 2.9-4.0(-6.0) mm long by 0.9-1.1(-2.3) mm wide, densely pale brown/ferruginous-puberulous; stigma bilobed, capitate, 1 mm in diam., glabrous, ovules ca. 10, uniseriate; torus subglobose to broadly pyriform to oblate, 4.4-4.9 mm long by 2.6-5.4 mm diam., 3-8 mm diam. at base. Pedicel of fruit 20-44 mm long by 3-7 mm diam., weakly longitudinally rugulose, glabrate; torus of fruit ellipsoid to broadly pyriform, 7-15 mm diam. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
8-12 mm long, grey-brown. 
<taxonomicName genus="Monocarps" lsidName="Monocarps" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Monocarps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
up to 18 per fruit, green (rarely with orange or vinaceous tinge) in vivo, dark brown when dried, weakly (to strongly) recurved-falciform, (1.9) 6.0-8.6 cm by 0.7-2.2 cm, torulose, minutely verrucose, glabrate or with a few scattered hairs, base sub-sessile or short-stipitate, stipe 1-11 mm long, 2-6 mm thick, apex rounded or sometimes short-beaked. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Seeds</emphasis>
1-15 per monocarp, 15 mm long by 13 mm wide by 10 mm thick, arranged in a single [or two irregular?] rows, flattened-ellipsoid, pitted, with spiniform ruminations (fig. 3) and raphe/antiraphe sunken in a circumferential groove.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="65" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania. It is known from Mwanihana Forest in the Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Ndundulu Forest in the Kilombero Nature Reserve, and the Uzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Known distribution of Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae in the Eastern Arc Mountains (EAM). EAM boundary and forest cover (green) derived from Platts et al. (2011). Black boundaries within EAM boundary show protected areas. Pale green areas in the lower maps show degraded forest with canopy &lt;10 %." pageId="2" pageNumber="65">1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="65" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Figure 1.</emphasis>
Known distribution of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Eastern Arc Mountains (EAM). EAM boundary and forest cover (green) derived from 
<bibRefCitation author="Platts, PJ" journalOrPublisher="Environmental Conservation" pageId="10" pageNumber="73" pagination="312 - 324" publicationUrl="10.1017/S0376892911000191" refId="B30" refString="Platts, PJ, Burgess, ND, Gereau, RE, Lovett, JC, Marshall, AR, McClean, CJ, Pellikka, PKE, Swetnam, RD, Marchant, R, 2011. Delimiting tropical mountain ecoregions for conservation. Environmental Conservation 38 (3): 312 - 324, DOI: 10.1017/S0376892911000191" title="Delimiting tropical mountain ecoregions for conservation." url="10.1017/S0376892911000191" volume="38" year="2011">Platts et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
. Black boundaries within EAM boundary show protected areas. Pale green areas in the lower maps show degraded forest with canopy &lt;10%.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="65" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
drawings of 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">A</emphasis>
tree architecture 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">B</emphasis>
fresh fruits 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">C</emphasis>
fresh flower below 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">D</emphasis>
fresh ramiflorous flower buds 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">E-F</emphasis>
dry and fresh bisexual flower (one petal removed) 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">G</emphasis>
fresh bisexual flower above 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">H</emphasis>
dried stamens 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">I</emphasis>
- 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">J</emphasis>
fresh and dry carpels lacking stigmas 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">K</emphasis>
dried carpel with stigma, plus photographs of 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">L</emphasis>
fresh leaves 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">M</emphasis>
fruit and 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">N</emphasis>
flower. Drawings by Sue Sparrow, 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">A</emphasis>
by Andrew Marshall, 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">E</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">K</emphasis>
by Andrew Brown, from the following specimens: Marshall 2070 (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">B</emphasis>
); Marshall 2117 (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">C-E</emphasis>
and 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">G-L</emphasis>
) and Luke 11279 (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">F</emphasis>
). Scale bars: 20 mm unless stated.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="2" pageNumber="65" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Figure 3.</emphasis>
SEM photograph of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
dried seed cross-section, showing spiniform ruminations.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Inhabits montane forest on brown sandy loam soils (pH range 4-5 measured in Ndundulu Forest). Mean annual rainfall of collection localities approximately 1500-2000 mm/yr (Marshall, Ndangalasi, unpubl. data). Thirty-eight mature individuals were found mostly on slopes or ridge-tops at elevations 1090-1540m. Mature flowers were collected in May, November, and December, fruits in February and May-October.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">
Associated taxa recorded with 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include the following: 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">(1) Ndundulu Forest</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engl" authorityYear="1900" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Allanblackia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Allanblackia ulugurensis" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulugurensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Allanblackia ulugurensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Icacinaceae" genus="Alsodeiopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alsodeiopsis schumannii" order="Icacinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schumannii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Alsodeiopsis schumannii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Heine" authorityYear="1966" baseAuthorityName="T. Anders." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anisotes pubinervius" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubinervius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Anisotes pubinervius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(T.Anderson) Heine, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gilg" authorityYear="1893" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Anthocleista" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anthocleista grandiflora" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Anthocleista grandiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gilg, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Robyns &amp; Wilczek" authorityYear="1949" baseAuthorityName="Mildbr." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Lauraceae" genus="Beilschmiedia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Beilschmiedia kweo" order="Magnoliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="kweo">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Beilschmiedia kweo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Mildbr.) Robyns &amp; Wilczek, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verdc" authorityYear="1957" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Bertiera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bertiera pauloi" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="pauloi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Bertiera pauloi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Verdc., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Cassipourea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassipourea gummiflua" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="gummiflua">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Cassipourea gummiflua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Tul.; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Cassipourea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassipourea malosana" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="malosana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Cassipourea malosana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Alston; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Baker" authorityYear="1893" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Liliaceae" genus="Chlorophytum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chlorophytum brachystachyum" order="Liliiflorae" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="brachystachyum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Chlorophytum brachystachyum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Baker, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hook f. ex Planch" authorityYear="1848" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Cleistanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cleistanthus polystachyus" order="Geraniales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="polystachyus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Cleistanthus polystachyus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hook.f. ex Planch., 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Clerodendrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Clerodendrum cephalanthum" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="cephalanthum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Clerodendrum cephalanthum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Oliv., 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coffea" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Coffea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brenan" authorityYear="1956" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Cola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cola greenwayi" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="greenwayi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Cola greenwayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Brenan, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Brenan" authorityYear="1956" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Cola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cola stelechantha" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stelechantha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Cola stelechantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Brenan; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verdc" authorityYear="1960" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Craterispermum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Craterispermum longipedunculatum" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longipedunculatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Craterispermum longipedunculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Verdc.; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diospyros abyssinica" order="Ebenales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="abyssinica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Diospyros abyssinica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Hiern) F.White, 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Drypetes gerrardii" order="Geraniales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="gerrardii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Drypetes gerrardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hutch.; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Englerina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Englerina" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Englerina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Garcinia buchananii" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="buchananii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Garcinia buchananii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Baker; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Garcinia volkensii" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="volkensii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Garcinia volkensii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl.; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Tiliaceae" genus="Grewia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Grewia mildbraedii" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="mildbraedii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Grewia mildbraedii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Burret; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Vollesen" authorityYear="2010" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Justicia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Justicia rodgersii" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rodgersii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Justicia rodgersii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Vollesen; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Lasiodiscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lasiodiscus usambarensis" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="usambarensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Lasiodiscus usambarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl.; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Celastraceae" genus="Maytenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Maytenus undata" order="Celastrales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="undata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Maytenus undata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Thunb.) Blakelock; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Couvreur" authorityYear="2006" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monodora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monodora globiflora" order="Magnoliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="globiflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Monodora globiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Couvreur; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Monanthotaxis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monanthotaxis schweinfurthii" order="Magnoliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schweinfurthii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Monanthotaxis schweinfurthii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl. &amp; Diels; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engl" authorityYear="1898" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Myrianthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Myrianthus holstii" order="Rosales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="holstii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Myrianthus holstii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl., 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Ocotea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ocotea usambarensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="usambarensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Ocotea usambarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl.; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ochnaceae" genus="Ochna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ochna holstii" order="Guttiferales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="holstii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Ochna holstii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sabine" authorityYear="1824" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chrysobalanaceae" genus="Parinari" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Parinari excelsa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="excelsa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Parinari excelsa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sabine, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Peddiea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Peddiea fischeri" order="Malvales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fischeri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Peddiea fischeri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl., 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bridson" authorityYear="1987" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Pavetta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pavetta nitidissima" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="nitidissima">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Pavetta nitidissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bridson, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. J. Paton" authorityYear="2009" baseAuthorityName="Baker" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Labiatae" genus="Plectranthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Plectranthus leptophyllus" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="leptophyllus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Plectranthus leptophyllus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Baker) A.J.Paton, 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rinorea angustifolia subsp. ardisiiflora" order="Violales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subSpecies" species="angustifolia" subSpecies="ardisiiflora">Rinorea angustifolia Baill. subsp. ardisiiflora</taxonomicName>
(Oliv.) Grey-Wilson; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Aublet" authorityYear="1775" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Violaceae" genus="Rinorea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rinorea" order="Violales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Rinorea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Rytigynia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rytigynia lichenoxenos subsp. glabrituba" order="Gentianales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="lichenoxenos" subSpecies="glabrituba">Rytigynia lichenoxenos (K.Schum.) Robyns subsp. glabrituba</taxonomicName>
Verdc.; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Sclerochiton" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sclerochiton obtusisepalus" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obtusisepalus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Sclerochiton obtusisepalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
C.B.Clarke; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. Jeffrey" authorityYear="1986" baseAuthorityName="Mattf." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Solanecio" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanecio epidendricus" order="Asterales" pageId="2" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="epidendricus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="65">Solanecio epidendricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="66" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
Mattf.) C.Jeffrey; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Olacaceae" genus="Strombosia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strombosia scheffleri" order="Santalales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Spermatophyta" rank="species" species="scheffleri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Strombosia scheffleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="S Moore" authorityYear="1911" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Loganiaceae" genus="Strychnos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strychnos mellodora" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="mellodora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Strychnos mellodora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
S.Moore; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="S. Moore" authorityYear="1911" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Loganiaceae" genus="Strychnos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strychnos mitis" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="mitis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Strychnos mitis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
S.Moore; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Loganiaceae" genus="Strychnos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Strychnos" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Strychnos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Syzygium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Syzygium guineense" order="Myrtiflorae" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="guineense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Syzygium guineense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
DC.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Britten" authorityYear="1894" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Tabernaemontana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tabernaemontana stapfiana" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stapfiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Tabernaemontana stapfiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Britten; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sim" authorityYear="1907" baseAuthorityName="Harv." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Tarenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tarenna pavettoides" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pavettoides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Tarenna pavettoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Harv.) Sim; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Thalictrum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Thalictrum rhynchocarpum" order="Ranunculales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rhynchocarpum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Thalictrum rhynchocarpum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Quart.-Dill. &amp; A.Rich.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Couvreur &amp; Q. Luke" authorityYear="2010" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariopsis lovettiana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lovettiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Uvariopsis lovettiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Couvreur &amp; Q.Luke; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Vepris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vepris stolzii" order="Sapindales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stolzii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Vepris stolzii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
I.Verd.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. Jeffrey" authorityYear="1988" baseAuthorityName="O. Hoffmann" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia calvoana subsp. leucocalyx" order="Magnoliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subSpecies" species="calvoana" subSpecies="leucocalyx">Vernonia calvoana Engl. subsp. leucocalyx</taxonomicName>
(O.Hoffm.) C.Jeffrey; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia luhomeroensis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="luhomeroensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Vernonia luhomeroensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Q.Luke &amp; Beentje; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Oliv &amp; Hiern" authorityYear="1877" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vernonia pteropoda" order="Magnoliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="pteropoda">Vernonia sp. nr. pteropoda</taxonomicName>
Oliv. &amp; Hiern; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gilg" authorityYear="1904" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Melastomataceae" genus="Warneckea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Warneckea" order="Myrtales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Warneckea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Monimiaceae" genus="Xymalos" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Xymalos monospora" order="Laurales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monospora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Xymalos monospora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Baill.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. O. Kokwaro" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Mildbr." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zanthoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zanthoxylum paracanthum" order="Rutales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="paracanthum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Zanthoxylum paracanthum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Mildbr.) Kokwaro; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. Jeffrey" authorityYear="1962" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Zehneria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zehneria oligosperma" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="oligosperma">Zehneria sp. nr. oligosperma</taxonomicName>
C.Jeffrey. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">(2) Uzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Cassipourea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cassipourea gummiflua" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="gummiflua">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Cassipourea gummiflua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Tul; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hook f. ex Planch" authorityYear="1848" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Cleistanthus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cleistanthus polystachyus" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="polystachyus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Cleistanthus polystachyus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hook.f. ex Planch.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verdc" authorityYear="1960" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Craterispermum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Craterispermum longipedunculatum" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="longipedunculatum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Craterispermum longipedunculatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Verdc.; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Diospyros" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Diospyros uzungwaensis" order="Ebenales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="uzungwaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Diospyros uzungwaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Frim.- 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Møll">Moll</normalizedToken>
. &amp; H.J.Ndangalasi; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Drypetes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Drypetes gerrardii" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="gerrardii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Drypetes gerrardii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hutch.; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Lasiodiscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lasiodiscus usambarensis" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="usambarensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Lasiodiscus usambarensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Verdc" authorityYear="1975" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Psychotria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Psychotria megalopus" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="megalopus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Psychotria megalopus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Verdc.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Britten" authorityYear="1894" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Tabernaemontana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tabernaemontana stapfiana" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="stapfiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Tabernaemontana stapfiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Britten; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bridson" authorityYear="1987" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Tarenna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tarenna uzungwaensis" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="uzungwaensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Tarenna uzungwaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bridson. 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">(3) Mwanihana</emphasis>
: 
<taxonomicName authority="Hochst. ex A. Rich. var. psilostachya" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Acalypha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Acalypha psilostachya subsp. var. var. psilostachya" order="Geraniales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="variety" species="psilostachya" subSpecies="var." variety="psilostachya">Acalypha psilostachya Hochst. ex A.Rich. var. psilostachya</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Heine" authorityYear="1966" baseAuthorityName="T. Anders." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Anisotes" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anisotes pubinervius" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pubinervius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Anisotes pubinervius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(T.Anderson) Heine; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gilg" authorityYear="1908" baseAuthorityName="Oliv." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Caloncoba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Caloncoba welwitschii" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="welwitschii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Caloncoba welwitschii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gilg; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engl" authorityYear="1904" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Chrysophyllum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chrysophyllum gorungosanum" order="Ebenales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="gorungosanum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Chrysophyllum gorungosanum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl.; 
<taxonomicName authority="Hutch. ex Bridson subsp. mufindiensis" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Coffea mufindiensis subsp. mufindiensis" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subSpecies" species="mufindiensis" subSpecies="mufindiensis">Coffea mufindiensis Hutch. ex Bridson subsp. mufindiensis</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName class="Equisetopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Dorstenia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Dorstenia tenuiradiata subsp. sp. aff" order="Rosales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="tenuiradiata">Dorstenia sp. aff tenuiradiata</taxonomicName>
Mildbr.; 
<taxonomicName authority="Lindau ex Engl. subsp. lactea" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Isoglossa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Isoglossa lactea subsp. lactea" order="Tubiflorae" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="subSpecies" species="lactea" subSpecies="lactea">Isoglossa lactea Lindau ex Engl. subsp. lactea</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Couvreur" authorityYear="2006" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" genus="Isolona" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Isolona linearis" order="Magnoliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="linearis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Isolona linearis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Couvreur; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Compositae" genus="Newtonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Newtonia buchananii" order="Asterales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="buchananii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Newtonia buchananii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Baker) G.C.C.Gilbert &amp; Boutique; 
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Ochnaceae" genus="Ochna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ochna holstii" order="Guttiferales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="holstii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Ochna holstii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Engl.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sabine" authorityYear="1824" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Chrysobalanaceae" genus="Parinari" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Parinari excelsa" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="excelsa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Parinari excelsa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sabine; 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Phyllopentas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Phyllopentas ulugurica" order="Gentianales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulugurica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Phyllopentas ulugurica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Verdc.) 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kårehed">Karehed</normalizedToken>
&amp; B. Bremer; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Medikus" authorityYear="1791" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Kedrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Kedrostis" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Kedrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.; 
<taxonomicName class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Orchidaceae" genus="Polystachya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polystachya canaliculata subsp. sp aff." order="Microspermae" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="canaliculata">Polystachya sp aff. canaliculata</taxonomicName>
Summerh.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Jeffrey" authorityYear="1962" baseAuthorityName="Schumach." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cucurbitaceae" genus="Raphidiocystis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Raphidiocystis chrysocoma" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chrysocoma">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Raphidiocystis chrysocoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Schumach.) C.Jeffrey; 
<taxonomicName class="Lycopsida" family="Selaginellaceae" genus="Selaginella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Selaginella kraussiana" order="Selaginellales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Lycophyta" rank="species" species="kraussiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Selaginella kraussiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kunze) A.Braun; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hook fil" authorityYear="1864" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Stellaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stellaria mannii" order="Centrospermae" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="mannii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Stellaria mannii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Hook.f.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Robbr" authorityYear="1982" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Tricalysia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Tricalysia aciculiflora" order="Rubiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="aciculiflora">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Tricalysia aciculiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Robbr.; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Couvreur &amp; Q. Luke" authorityYear="2010" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Annonaceae" genus="Uvariopsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Uvariopsis lovettiana" order="Magnoliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="lovettiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Uvariopsis lovettiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Couvreur &amp; Q.Luke; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="W. Mziray" authorityYear="1992" baseAuthorityName="Delile" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Vepris" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Vepris nobilis" order="Sapindales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nobilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Vepris nobilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Delile) Mziray; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. O. Kokwaro" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Mildbr." class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Rutaceae" genus="Zanthoxylum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Zanthoxylum paracanthum" order="Rutales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="paracanthum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Zanthoxylum paracanthum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Mildbr.) Kokwaro.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-01-01" collectingDateMax="2016-12-31" collectingDateMin="2016-01-01" collectorName="Ndundulu FR, Kilombero FR, Rogers, Hall" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" elevation="1400" latitude="-7.8333335" location="Mwanihana" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iringa Region">
<collectingCountry name="Tanzania">TANZANIA</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Iringa">Iringa Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty>Kilolo District</collectingCounty>
: 
<collectingMunicipality>east Udzungwa National Park</collectingMunicipality>
, forest south of 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:5CE70BEFA3116F7382F2B2378FC5BA65" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Mwanihana" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Mwanihana</location>
hill c. 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
S of last camping site of 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:04CAC5C8FE69EF44E7CF687C33CB9BDA" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Mwanihana" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Mwanihana</location>
trail, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="m" value="1400.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.8">07°48'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="36.816666">36°49'E</geoCoordinate>
, Couvreur 101 (DSM, OWU, WAG); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:4AE4CD4B56E4FAE21FD66ED203F3A11E" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Mwanihana Forest" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Mwanihana Forest</location>
above 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:F84B3EFB93741A6ECF13C4B0171778DC" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Sanje village" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Sanje village</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" unit="m" value="1220.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.22" unit="m" value="1220.0">1220 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, no grid reference, Lovett 222 (K); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:FC6AC998583F4E6240704D1CA701E68D" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Udzungwa Mountains National Park" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Udzungwa Mountains National Park</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.8">07°48'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="36.816666">36°49'E</geoCoordinate>
, Luke 7738 (EA, K); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:3B575F8A6204E85EBE817D9C578FFB44" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Udzungwa Mountains National Park" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Udzungwa Mountains National Park</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" unit="m" value="1440.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" unit="m" value="1440.0">1440 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.7">07°42'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="52" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="36.866665">36°52'E</geoCoordinate>
, Luke 11279 (EA, NHT, MO, K); 
<collectorName>Ndundulu FR</collectorName>
, Camp 589-Camp 590, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.7833333">07°47'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="36.483334">36°29'E</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" unit="m" value="1440.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.44" unit="m" value="1440.0">1440 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, Luke et al. 10366 (MO); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:083A8CA4FFE96E2F511C287F93FE0872" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Kilombero Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Kilombero Nature Reserve</location>
, 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:BA4E16BC8FE66966E94A3A562C6B2F63" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Ndundulu Forest" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Ndundulu Forest</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" unit="m" value="1540.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.54" unit="m" value="1540.0">1540 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.8">07°48'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="36.516666">36°31'E</geoCoordinate>
(WGS84), Marshall 2036, 2070, (NHT, MO, K); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:7F4ACEC6505A7732BD3035B96FE9B57D" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Uzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Uzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve</location>
, Uluti, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.534" unit="m" value="1534.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.534" unit="m" value="1534.0">1534 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="08" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-8.233334">08°14'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="36.016666">36°01'E</geoCoordinate>
, Ndangalasi HJN 392 (DSM, OWU); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:FA480F77BF74755985E3039D09DB2289" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Uzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Uzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve</location>
, Ilutila, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.709" unit="m" value="1709.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.709" unit="m" value="1709.0">1709 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="08" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-8.216666">08°13'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="36.016666">36°01'E</geoCoordinate>
, Ndangalasi 393 (DSM, OWU); Udzungwa, 
<collectorName>Kilombero FR</collectorName>
, 
<locationDeviation location="Ruaha River">W of Ruaha River</locationDeviation>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="1700.0">1700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<collectorName>Rogers</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>Hall</collectorName>
2300 (K); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:626E55941F804A7F794A51E8EB57A38B" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Mwanihana Forest" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Mwanihana Forest</location>
above 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:B0EBA5748D4981163A94350283C439EB" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Sanje village" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Sanje village</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="m" value="1400.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.8333335">07°50'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="36.816666">36°49'E</geoCoordinate>
, Thomas 3656 (MO); 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:0216105C641ABDAB93D4148A7E09E3FE" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Mwanihana Forest" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Mwanihana Forest</location>
above 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:99BFA3B3711002649BC4167F21E52927" country="TANZANIA" county="Kilolo District" latitude="-7.8333335" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.816666" municipality="east Udzungwa National Park" name="Sanje village" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Sanje village</location>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="m" value="1400.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.8333335">07°50'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="36.816666">36°49'E</geoCoordinate>
, Thomas 3698 (MO, WAG)
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-01-01" collectingDateMax="2016-12-31" collectingDateMin="2016-01-01" country="Tanzania" elevation="1090" latitude="-7.8" location="Sonjo-Mwanihana" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.85" municipality="Kilombero District" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Morogoro Region">
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Morogoro">Morogoro Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingMunicipality>Kilombero District</collectingMunicipality>
: 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:FF702EBED880E01013FCD17E4C931BA4" country="Tanzania" latitude="-7.8" longLatPrecision="1302" longitude="36.85" municipality="Kilombero District" name="Sonjo-Mwanihana" stateProvince="Morogoro Region">Sonjo-Mwanihana</location>
trail, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" unit="m" value="1090.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" unit="m" value="1090.0">1090 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="07" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.8">07°48'S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="36" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="36.85">36°51'E</geoCoordinate>
, Luke 5051 (EA, K)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2016-01-01" collectingDateMax="2016-12-31" collectingDateMin="2016-01-01" collectorName="Luke" county="Nyambanitu Forest" location="Kimboza Forest Reserve" municipality="Lulanda Forest Reserve" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Iringa Region">
An additional specimen from 
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Iringa">Iringa Region</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCounty>Nyambanitu Forest</collectingCounty>
, Ede 65, K), may also represent this species but bears only an old fruit pedicel lacking monocarps. Further potential 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engler &amp; Diels" authorityYear="1900" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus" order="Magnoliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Polyceratocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
collections from 
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Iringa">Iringa Region</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingMunicipality>Lulanda Forest Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
: Gereau 2651, 2664, 2665, MO; Lovett 2256, MO, WAG; 
<collectorName>Luke</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>Luke</collectorName>
12779, EA &amp; K), were identified as neither 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nor 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engler &amp; Diels" authorityYear="1900" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus scheffleri" order="Magnoliales" pageId="3" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scheffleri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="66">Polyceratocarpus scheffleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while another 
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="67" start="start">from</pageBreakToken>
<collectingRegion country="Tanzania" name="Morogoro">Morogoro Region</collectingRegion>
was not considered to be from this genus at all (
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6FA5CD189AA55AE588F34E077C820E0A:326DBC375B9E1673CBE053BA089607B7" county="Nyambanitu Forest" municipality="Lulanda Forest Reserve" name="Kimboza Forest Reserve" stateProvince="Iringa Region">Kimboza Forest Reserve</location>
: Parry 1816, TFD; cited 
<bibRefCitation author="Verdcourt, B" editor="Milne-Redhead, E" journalOrPublisher="Whitefriars Press" pageId="10" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 132" refId="B33" refString="Verdcourt, B, 1971. Annonaceae. In: Milne-Redhead, E, Polhill, RM, Eds., Flora of Tropical East Africa. Whitefriars Press: 1 - 132" title="Annonaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of Tropical East Africa." year="1971">Verdcourt 1971</bibRefCitation>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="67" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Additional field notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Slash</emphasis>
dry, slightly stringy, pale yellow (to pale peach), occasionally streaked yellow-brown, dark brown at outer edge formed by the colour of the inner bark, potpourri aroma. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Leaf</emphasis>
lamina dark green above, mid-green with greyish tinge below, turning greenish-grey when dried, new flush pinkish; petiole initially pale green in vivo, becoming roughened grey-brown with age; midrib yellow-green above and below in vivo. 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Flower</emphasis>
buds broadly ovoid, green or pale brown-yellow with occasional pink tinge at apex in vivo; sepals yellowish-green in vivo.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="67" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
This new species of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Engler &amp; Diels" authorityYear="1900" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus" order="Magnoliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Polyceratocarpus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was named by Askham Bryan College and Iringa International School as part of a rainforest education program.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">
Our IUCN Red List assessment for 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was based on &quot;area of occupancy&quot; (AOO), &quot;extent of occurrence&quot; (EOO; 
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="IUCN, Gland, Switzerland" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" refId="B18" refString="IUCN, 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland" title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
) and the level of threat. The 38 observed mature 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stems were found at four collection localities, with only 112 km between the most distant individuals. The four collection localities represented three different levels of governmental protection, including Forest Reserve (Uzungwa Scarp), Nature Reserve (Kilombero, KNR; and also Uzungwa Scarp proposed status) and National Park (Udzungwa Mountains; UMNP), with only UMNP having the maximum level of protection under Tanzanian law (IUCN category II; 
<bibRefCitation author="Dudley, N" journalOrPublisher="IUCN, Gland" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" publicationUrl="10.2305/IUCN.CH.2008.PAPS.2.en" refId="B13" refString="Dudley, N, 2008. Guidelines for Applying Protected Area Management Categories. IUCN, Gland, DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.CH.2008.PAPS.2.en" title="Guidelines for Applying Protected Area Management Categories" url="10.2305/IUCN.CH.2008.PAPS.2.en" year="2008">Dudley 2008</bibRefCitation>
). At the time of survey, the greatest threat to 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was widespread timber-felling observed in Uzungwa Scarp Forest Reserve. Conversely, threats to 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="4" pageNumber="67" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="67">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in KNR and UMNP were much lower, both comprising only very occasional removal of pole-sized trees by villagers, and potential damage from an increasing elephant population (
<bibRefCitation author="Marshall, AR" journalOrPublisher="Biological Conservation" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" pagination="20 - 33" publicationUrl="10.1016/j.biocon.2012.03.017" refId="B25" refString="Marshall, AR, Willcock, S, Platts, PJ, Lovett, JC, Balmford, A, Burgess, ND, Latham, JE, Munishi, PKT, Salter, R, Shirima, DD, Lewis, SL, 2012. Measuring and modelling above-ground carbon and tree allometry along a tropical elevation gradient. Biological Conservation 154: 20 - 33, DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2012.03.017" title="Measuring and modelling above-ground carbon and tree allometry along a tropical elevation gradient." url="10.1016/j.biocon.2012.03.017" volume="154" year="2012">Marshall et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
). KNR was further threatened by a lack of formal ranger patrols and rapid population expansion in the nearest villages. Given that the sources of threat were closely associated with the three protected areas, for the purpose of Red List assessment we considered three rather than four threat-defined 
<normalizedToken originalValue="“locations”">&quot;locations&quot;</normalizedToken>
(
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="IUCN, Gland, Switzerland" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" refId="B18" refString="IUCN, 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland" title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
). In calculating AOO, we used 10 km2 grid cells so that the projected area was 
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="68" start="start">not</pageBreakToken>
extrapolated far beyond the expected habitat tolerance of the species. We estimated an AOO of 300 km2 and an EOO of 1,410 km2, with EOO, AOO, habitat quality and the number of mature individuals, all presumed declining as a result of timber-felling in USFR. Given this continuing decline, plus an EOO of less than 5,000 km2, an AOO of less than 500 km2, and a population at no more than five locations, the species qualified firmly as endangered on the IUCN Red List (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="IUCN, Gland, Switzerland" pageId="9" pageNumber="72" refId="B18" refString="IUCN, 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland" title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: Version 3.1" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
), EN B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,v). Within the Udzungwa Mountains, closed-canopy forest was not extensive at elevations suitable for 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and hence we expect that future expeditions will not expand the AOO or EOO of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="A. R. Marshall &amp; D. M. Johnson" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Polyceratocarpus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="5" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="askhambryan-iringae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="68">Polyceratocarpus askhambryan-iringae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
above the IUCN endangered threshold. However, the Rubeho and Mahenge mountain blocs adjacent to Udzungwa were more poorly known, and may contain suitable habitat in which this species might also be found.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>