246 lines
30 KiB
XML
246 lines
30 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1167-57" ID-Pensoft-UUID="E9FD365B7230530AB4E96455D8382CC2" ID-ZooBank="F4A16FB45A664CE3B0FAD33BE111B171" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1167-57" checkinTime="1686777938603" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Nakahara, Shinichi, Kleckner, Kaylin, Barbosa, Eduardo P., Lourenco, Giselle M., Casagrande, Mirna M., Willmott, Keith R. & Freitas, Andre V. L." docDate="2023" docId="6D8EBF9F01635B16BDDEE174708922DB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1167: 57-88" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1167" docPubDate="2023-06-14" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979" docTitle="Caeruleuptychia aemulatio Nakahara & Willmott 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="0BE4FDF8-DD0A-4A8B-879B-FFD1243D1706" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" id="E9FD365B7230530AB4E96455D8382CC2" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="E9FD365B7230530AB4E96455D8382CC2" masterDocTitle="Reassessment of the type locality of Euptychia stigmatica Godman, 1905, with the description of two new sibling species from Amazonia (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Satyrini)" masterLastPageNumber="88" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1686778240610" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
||
<mods:mods id="C5D64F2F8D9DFF8229B06E55D3F37667" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="1539F8B8CDB81CD5E068B8C435081A94">
|
||
<mods:title id="8ABC1F20275E6D0A90B714FC43780E26">Reassessment of the type locality of Euptychia stigmatica Godman, 1905, with the description of two new sibling species from Amazonia (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Satyrini)</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:name id="8F88523DF0029E13FFAC4548651412D3" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="C3409DBBAF6F34FC26F5998762EFFB33">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="653188A0CC85F39F9E744550493E3C99">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="787C01FFB98B4A235B701FE47CEC248A">Nakahara, Shinichi</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="418D4FEBC3C58C2EB6D9077F8286AF62">Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="737208BDBC22E716A84508D2E894570B" type="email">snakahara@fas.harvard.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="E3E33A1EC92CC37767A6FAA9459671CB" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="E50B2481D495520433DE75124031E2A2">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="74685CF331138069D0AFEA812644EDB5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="4652BA6E4750789D6AAB30CAADF0FCB3">Kleckner, Kaylin</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="55FE2F17533419FFF42BF6F019C80046">Honey Bee Research and Extension Laboratory, Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="0A0191117CC9910BBA607C181FC2E4E6" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="2DC061D4E2754FA0E6165B28A08A42B7">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="F841D6267C602CFFD7B665DF735F093C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="1947BC311B22621BD2955968489768FC">Barbosa, Eduardo P.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="4DBB604F262D6BD437B2ADC2EB6EA682">Departamento de Biologia Animal and Museu de Diversidade Biologica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP. 13083 - 970 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="4CBC3C8528829A31A45BE072F9C0D33A" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="F6E811C6ACA438C4A56C625B7ED1A215">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="91AA057E62D8C9B45416BFBBBC50AF13">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="80A680F90F28C2301D61B09ED31799F5">Lourenco, Giselle M.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="5F93DB9E46BE943A29DF7F4AEB7845CC">Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais - UFMG. 31270 - 901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="970F4C23967C9705573E9975F30D682F" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="874C382746F48C6979AC304B044E543A">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="2B98BCD4941E1723A73C828D127796A4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="AA1E3680D97D72CFA3C9CB5882768994">Casagrande, Mirna M.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="9B6EA06DE57C23EC1FF6D758EFED8010">Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="F5A0E110613823516254F1767B798A08" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="6F1E7A95FC173DD91DC82F46A5DC1B7A">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="DD6AA282D4C6FE34ACBA24C5E9AC122E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="8C7C769C6B867C2AA4AEAE2CFBA6AEED">Willmott, Keith R.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="CB75E08A43E8D9B0BA3ECDE4D7CE1851">Honey Bee Research and Extension Laboratory, Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:name id="F3CFBCD13E5C0BA539AD93E587F0E683" type="personal">
|
||
<mods:role id="004D05169C33C91BEC7DA30ADE3E0881">
|
||
<mods:roleTerm id="614310D792F4217020BB302235090CCA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||
</mods:role>
|
||
<mods:namePart id="1C077AF74E2E46B0AAFC45CFA2DB7884">Freitas, Andre V. L.</mods:namePart>
|
||
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6B9EDDDE411E8EF8282EAF72F87B617D" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5763-4990</mods:nameIdentifier>
|
||
<mods:affiliation id="08F362FAB3D58CDA78B92CB44C86F098">Departamento de Biologia Animal and Museu de Diversidade Biologica, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas - UNICAMP. 13083 - 970 Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
|
||
</mods:name>
|
||
<mods:typeOfResource id="F93415E189B663EE6AA9767BCEC1CB8D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||
<mods:relatedItem id="41180678597A2C21CCBA2D4D1B45A605" type="host">
|
||
<mods:titleInfo id="242B88C511154B5CB097006B4C1F637E">
|
||
<mods:title id="A7734C5B8A152AA476A63C3496134484">ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||
<mods:part id="E6F69881A57390C85A227596539A931C">
|
||
<mods:date id="6DFBB593BFE73A2C9866379BFF472382">2023</mods:date>
|
||
<mods:detail id="2A196F289221FA6EFAB16F51C520C784" type="pubDate">
|
||
<mods:number id="C162A604DA96D1CB7DBCD1A600AD842B">2023-06-14</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:detail id="0C371BEF80AFE5910EE89DF733C1F278" type="volume">
|
||
<mods:number id="33A8FEE13B993814DAECEF66C036B553">1167</mods:number>
|
||
</mods:detail>
|
||
<mods:extent id="7D5A3C2A28F151D87632462EF5235815" unit="page">
|
||
<mods:start id="1E614F852A17CAEE3B63119ACE573A2C">57</mods:start>
|
||
<mods:end id="8684153850EAC8C798C5CA531B0565D1">88</mods:end>
|
||
</mods:extent>
|
||
</mods:part>
|
||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||
<mods:location id="75D021B61F2111EAA9629C169F0250D3">
|
||
<mods:url id="D6854461DD9E4E496332B52327F38FD7">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979</mods:url>
|
||
</mods:location>
|
||
<mods:classification id="C5B52660DB56683ED7AC10E37E4E75B2">journal article</mods:classification>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="6D1469AEF5C1C74D8079FA97901A71A9" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="50ED47C966E24B48563C941731B9C0B5" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1167-57</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="7D2872B5775283747B9B63EE573FAF29" type="ZooBank">F4A16FB45A664CE3B0FAD33BE111B171</mods:identifier>
|
||
<mods:identifier id="8CD1E6305CEF9AB09AFC4D59B7123951" type="Pensoft-UUID">E9FD365B7230530AB4E96455D8382CC2</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
|
||
<subSection id="C80C2937B080999F99970FF49EC962A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="results">
|
||
<treatment id="6D8EBF9F01635B16BDDEE174708922DB" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0BE4FDF8-DD0A-4A8B-879B-FFD1243D1706" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6D8EBF9F01635B16BDDEE174708922DB" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<subSubSection id="89C8E24A48222EBF88E5CE142CDC7688" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="CF7FF7B07066A5A6B870027455DC3D7A" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="63CDC8C6ED4E56ABF682F9B6160CA4FE" LSID="https://zoobank.org/0BE4FDF8-DD0A-4A8B-879B-FFD1243D1706" authority="Nakahara & Willmott" authorityName="Nakahara & Willmott" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Caeruleuptychia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caeruleuptychia aemulatio" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aemulatio" status="sp. nov.">Caeruleuptychia aemulatio Nakahara & Willmott</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BAF74DDF4B0CDC09B9043265FD7A6DB9" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BEB41C1B689CCD7FCE336ACC0C4A056F" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="C7C283B27AD6245985590348C1F2258C" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<figureCitation id="9E03D00494D793E00F9BE062900276E6" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A maximum likelihood tree (LnL = - 2678.083) showing the phylogenetic relationships among Caeruleuptychia taxa selected for this study. Numbers beside branches are UFBoot / SH-aLRT values; colored tips represent taxonomic hypotheses proposed in the present study B the differentiation of three Caeruleuptychia species (C. cyanites, C. harrisi sp. nov., C. aemulatio sp. nov.) by forewing length (mm) and scent patch percentage. Each species is denoted by a unique color and shape with a single point representing a single specimen. The holotype (HT) of each name and the lectotype (LT) of C. cyanites are denoted by a black border and the corresponding letters." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863850" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="269CB44120D8E8BF6116486B85A94EDC" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Adults of Caeruleuptychia: C. cyanites A male in dorsal view B male in ventral view (BLU 778) C female in dorsal view D female in ventral view (BC-DZ- 007). Holotype male of Caeruleuptychia harrisi sp. nov. E dorsal view F ventral view (USNM ENT 01844280). Holotype male of Caeruleuptychia aemulatio sp. nov. G dorsal view H ventral view (MUSM-LEP 100094)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863852" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 3G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="C54F85BF6304E93566C0E23865AD5564" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Genitalia of C. cyanites A male genitalia in lateral view, without phallus B phallus in lateral view (genitalic dissection: SN- 19 - 13) C female genitalia in dorsal view, with image of signa to the left D lamella antevaginalis in ventral view (genitalic dissection: SN- 19 - 14). Caeruleuptychia harrisi sp. nov. E male genitalia in lateral view, without phallus F phallus in lateral view (genitalic dissection: SN- 17 - 36); Caeruleuptychia aemulatio sp. nov. G male genitalia in lateral view, without phallus H phallus in lateral view (genitalic dissection: SN- 17 - 34). Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863853" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 4G, H</figureCitation>
|
||
<figureCitation id="1F380DA939D6CAD05A2C642D01F6B78E" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Distribution map for three Caeruleuptychia species discussed herein. Key: * denotes location of Tres Rios, Rio de Janeiro (= hypothesized type locality of E. stigmatica in the present study);? denotes dubious records from Araras, Sao Paulo." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863854" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 5</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F3BB36E83960D232B2C3DC6740FDD8A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="F237D44814B0B07FC979C0C1D94CE7C1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="DAA72371FAB235F6D01675187B0973AD" authority="Nakahara & Kleckner & Barbosa & Lourenço & Casagrande & Willmott & Freitas, 2023" authorityName="Nakahara & Kleckner & Barbosa & Lourenço & Casagrande & Willmott & Freitas" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Caeruleuptychia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caeruleuptychia cyanites" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyanites" status="sp. nov.">Caeruleuptychia cyanites</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6A12F7E7026659A5773DC821BC75C847" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002167" author="Nakahara, S" journalOrPublisher="Insect Systematics & Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="130 - 182" refId="B47" refString="Nakahara, S, Zacca, T, Huertas, B, Neild, AFE, Hall, JPW, Lamas, G, Holian, LA, Espeland, M, Willmott, KR, 2018b. Remarkable sexual dimorphism, rarity and cryptic species: A revision of the ' aegrota species group' of the Neotropical butterfly genus Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964 with the description of three new species (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Insect Systematics & Evolution 48 (2): 130 - 182, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002167" title="Remarkable sexual dimorphism, rarity and cryptic species: A revision of the ' aegrota species group' of the Neotropical butterfly genus Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964 with the description of three new species (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1163/1876312X-00002167" volume="48" year="2018 b">Nakahara et al. 2018b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="6284415055D62AA6BB1BC6B995ACF0FB" author="Nakahara, S" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Lepidoptera Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" pagination="23 - 36" refId="B50" refString="Nakahara, S, Piovesan, M, Baine, Q, MacKenzie, EC, Gallice, G, Barbosa, EP, Kleckner, K, 2022. A new species of Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964 from the Amazon basin (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini). Tropical Lepidoptera Research 33 (1): 23 - 36" title="A new species of Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964 from the Amazon basin (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini)." volume="33" year="2022">Nakahara et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 1.;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F7B971FA26C4B07225E4DCB67CED5375" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12590" author="Espeland, M" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" refId="B21" refString="Espeland, M, Nakahara, S, Zacca, T, Barbosa, EP, Huertas, B, Marin, MA, Lamas, G, Benmesbah, M, Brevignon, C, Casagrande, MM, Fahraeus, C, Grishin, N, Kawahara, AY, Mielke, OHH, Miller, JY, Nakamura, I, Navas, V, Patrusky, B, Pyrcz, TW, Richards, L, Tan, D, Tyler, S, Viloria, A, Warren, AD, Xiao, L, Freitas, AVL, Willmott, KR, 2023. Combining target enrichment and Sanger sequencing data to clarify the systematics of the diverse Neotropical butterfly subtribe Euptychiina (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Systematic Entomology, 1-73. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12590" title="Combining target enrichment and Sanger sequencing data to clarify the systematics of the diverse Neotropical butterfly subtribe Euptychiina (Nymphalidae, Satyrinae). Systematic Entomology, 1 - 73." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12590" year="2023">Espeland et al. 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 10.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C7D178E5D398D80279870D7BF3D98293" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="systematic placement and diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="70ABB88F685ADBD2B883947BF37200DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Systematic placement and diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="D8ECA16FA36F8A5E93A3EC630ECDB3E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7A96A683863BA517CA72AF2135A5173E" authorityName="Nakahara & Willmott" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Caeruleuptychia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caeruleuptychia aemulatio" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aemulatio">
|
||
<emphasis id="83FC9632C2992B22A9798CF813BE8C1B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Caeruleuptychia aemulatio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is recovered as sister to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="588E045814257F01152EAFF16F95080A" lsidName="C. glauca" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="glauca">
|
||
<emphasis id="4D680F56855FC623BDEB768466AC56A2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. glauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with a moderate support based on the COI data presented herein (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="1722EC2D6413B4273C1E50DC6AFE5C71" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A maximum likelihood tree (LnL = - 2678.083) showing the phylogenetic relationships among Caeruleuptychia taxa selected for this study. Numbers beside branches are UFBoot / SH-aLRT values; colored tips represent taxonomic hypotheses proposed in the present study B the differentiation of three Caeruleuptychia species (C. cyanites, C. harrisi sp. nov., C. aemulatio sp. nov.) by forewing length (mm) and scent patch percentage. Each species is denoted by a unique color and shape with a single point representing a single specimen. The holotype (HT) of each name and the lectotype (LT) of C. cyanites are denoted by a black border and the corresponding letters." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863850" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">1A</figureCitation>
|
||
). This clade (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="864D2D84CD1875D68BEBDCC6C414149E" lsidName="C. aemulatio" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="aemulatio">
|
||
<emphasis id="578175E5FFA1012997E1D2411E1899CC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. aemulatio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. +
|
||
<taxonomicName id="117BD0E8D035E280220F827A8CB1B305" lsidName="C. glauca" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="glauca">
|
||
<emphasis id="03285CA522C8A135FFD0296B0CB6EBB1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. glauca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) is found as sister to (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="CD1B62F4DE34782FD41025A4A720FC9F" lsidName="C. coelestis" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="coelestis">
|
||
<emphasis id="1A1BD71282BCEE22A370FF76DB6DCDFB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. coelestis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
+ (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="9D8C324A008566B3885FB8B8864B7E47" lsidName="C. harrisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="harrisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="8BC74CB3EBF164582D7CD7C0DD157DB5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. harrisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. +
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C8D358EC70DE8CF351736AA03E199553" lsidName="C. cyanites" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="cyanites">
|
||
<emphasis id="575FC725D76A56CA39030EA8CEBEC573" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. cyanites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) with a strong support (Fig.
|
||
<figureCitation id="CBCB982618FF6D105E7C9638E8190308" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A maximum likelihood tree (LnL = - 2678.083) showing the phylogenetic relationships among Caeruleuptychia taxa selected for this study. Numbers beside branches are UFBoot / SH-aLRT values; colored tips represent taxonomic hypotheses proposed in the present study B the differentiation of three Caeruleuptychia species (C. cyanites, C. harrisi sp. nov., C. aemulatio sp. nov.) by forewing length (mm) and scent patch percentage. Each species is denoted by a unique color and shape with a single point representing a single specimen. The holotype (HT) of each name and the lectotype (LT) of C. cyanites are denoted by a black border and the corresponding letters." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1167.102979.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/863850" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">1A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7C33C96B936624DB6427C59814C289B9" authorityName="Nakahara & Willmott" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Caeruleuptychia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caeruleuptychia aemulatio" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aemulatio">
|
||
<emphasis id="82D559860DC4E0474B158EA07E0EB292" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Caeruleuptychia aemulatio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is readily distinguishable from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="848604376957FDC9142B100B47E70DFA" lsidName="C. harrisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="harrisi">
|
||
<emphasis id="7A8129BB380888D688B4C14784EDA244" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. harrisi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. by its larger dorsal forewing scent patch (see corresponding section of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="681F9365351D8B5408DA9857987C3E4C" lsidName="C. cyanites" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="cyanites">
|
||
<emphasis id="E8072968994B32E894B9CA538D5D5912" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. cyanites</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, as well as Table
|
||
<tableCitation id="9C0B86F6537E154800D4BB9F3385C60C" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Measurements of forewing (FW) length and FW scent patch size (i. e., length of FW scent patch size proportional to the inner margin length (% )) used to produce bivariate scatterplot shown in Fig. 1 B." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/60043A9D6546EA4CE2C4C1F09AB5C31D" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" tableUuid="60043A9D6546EA4CE2C4C1F09AB5C31D">1</tableCitation>
|
||
for further details), in addition to lacking pale modified scales on the ventral forewing cell Cu2. The ventral bands overall are narrower in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="C6E46100B6640BC8089912E47DB37FE2" lsidName="C. aemulatio" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="aemulatio">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FEC3F6175A9348A4AF3C3C95C4A922F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. aemulatio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov., and the rings of the ventral hindwing ocelli in cells M1 and Cu1 are broader in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="5CC507ED6E5DB6C95B84FD3D86171C3B" lsidName="C. aemulatio" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="aemulatio">
|
||
<emphasis id="2CB164C41448686F99CF6D3542D28804" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">C. aemulatio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. compared to the immediately preceding species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BC7C71DCD4637F9ED5EE7122BF2BC64D" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="81E8E786AD43F16AD0A47B8064867274" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="DF2460C1046E3BBF3EC90B5307FA8814" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
Largely in accordance with the immediately preceding species with differences documented above.
|
||
<emphasis id="CF1AE3075999A0F956AC40653AEB19FB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">COI barcode</emphasis>
|
||
: Molecular vouchers: MGCL-LOAN-452 (GenBank voucher: MF192713); MGCL-LOAN-447 (GenBank voucher: MF192712).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C597A38A97339D6ADC267E0D90C31ABE" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="variation">
|
||
<paragraph id="3D8355024991BE109396764598540B51" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Variation.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F81E38F0A821D0B7F90EE1696CFD1344" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
The smudge-like ocelli lacking a black central area in the ventral hindwing of cells M2 and M3 are clearly visible in the holotype specimen from Cuzco department, Peru (housed at USNM), whereas they are rather insignificant in the specimen from Rio
|
||
<normalizedToken id="547950C8138C007DC4E07B0844479C8A" originalValue="“Pachytera”">"Pachytera"</normalizedToken>
|
||
[= Pachitea], [
|
||
<normalizedToken id="6BD0A9CBB87A5C7885C87211B3AFF8C5" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
|
||
], Peru (housed at FLMNH).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D781A13B66DBE6A9143F571341F0C93B" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="A84EDE68B9C7AB7A7D4D255A1ECBDE72" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F53568E8121DB605330A9FF7B3E3093A" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
This new species-group name is a feminine Latin noun meaning
|
||
<normalizedToken id="1B0105E0C9C2BD9DB13F2FA4A8021910" originalValue="“emulation”">"emulation"</normalizedToken>
|
||
or "desire to equal or excel others", in reference to the resemblance and relatedness of this new species to two other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="204E188E6E730BFAEA6CFE181776D48A" authorityName="Nakahara & Kleckner & Barbosa & Lourenço & Casagrande & Willmott & Freitas" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Caeruleuptychia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caeruleuptychia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C34A72DD3ADEC47DA28C0390FB722D19" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Caeruleuptychia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species discussed herein.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="651EC81111EC78813F6A1859A0172797" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="types">
|
||
<paragraph id="0B03A87DE3530F729F4B569099D18668" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Types.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E92C77C2A084D5B181F5ACF9A3C37B16" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<emphasis id="5FF287C6DDAC8B72B917080A1132C932" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Holotype</emphasis>
|
||
: male with the following labels written verbatim separated by double forward slashes: PERU, MD, Reserva Comunal Amarakaeri,
|
||
<normalizedToken id="535AD4ADE62FBBAB4FAD5F6F7A620045" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
|
||
Azul 507 m 1249/7106 11.x.2010 M.
|
||
<normalizedToken id="FA7E60B2D9E0B83491223518B26A2991" originalValue="Vílchez">Vilchez</normalizedToken>
|
||
// MUSM-LEP 100094// MUSM Loan KW-15-086// Photographed By K. Willmott June 2015// (MUSM).
|
||
<emphasis id="C8816A0AB3E4C7B510FC589C60968259" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Paratypes</emphasis>
|
||
: eleven males, with the following labels written verbatim separated by double forward slashes: //Foz do Rio Tejo, Estrada para o Rio Arara, Res. E. A. J., AC BR 16.IX.1997 Brown Junior, K. S., Freitas, A. V. L. MGCL 447// MGCL-LOAN-447 [molecular voucher]// (ZUEC); //Foz do RioBreu, Res. Extravitista do Alto
|
||
<normalizedToken id="67152A874A79609080860397BD6D86E0" originalValue="Juruá">Jurua</normalizedToken>
|
||
, AC, BR 12.IX.1999 Brown Junior, K. S., Freitas, A. V. L. MGCL 452// MGCL-LOAN-452 [molecular voucher]// (ZUEC); //PERU: Cuzco, 540 m Pilcopata, Villa Carmen
|
||
<normalizedToken id="C1F946658B018D4B65514977B3DC9C33" originalValue="Cosñipata">Cosnipata</normalizedToken>
|
||
Valley 6923 31-1-2020 Kinyon// Genitalic vial SN-MCZ-003//(USNM); //Est
|
||
<normalizedToken id="647D2A6FCF871279348A458FD285CCE6" originalValue="Pérou">Perou</normalizedToken>
|
||
[East Peru] Rio Pachytera [Pachitea] Coll. Le Moult// Slide No. M-2985 ♂ genitalia Lee D. Miller// FLMNH MGCL 1138899//(FLMNH); //Tambopata - Candamo Reserve, Peru 1/81 ♂// Genitalic vial SN-17-34 S. Nakahara// J. Brenner coll. MGCL Accession #2015-33// FLMNH-MGCL Specimen 279343// (FLMNH); 28-30- I - 2009 RESERVA HUMAITA, PORTO ACRE ACRE, MIELKE & CASAGRANDE LEG 09°73'S, 67°68'W // DZ 57.995// (DZUP); //8-10-IX 2004 RESERVA HUMAITA, PORTO ACRE ACRE, 200 m, O. MIELKE & CASAGRANDE LEG// BC-DZ Willmott 19 [molecular voucher]// DZ 57.994// (DZUP); //PERU, MD, Boca Rio La Torre 300 m 19.x.85 G. Lamas// MUSM-LEP 100090// (MUSM); PERU: Madre de Dios Manu, Pakitza, 340 m
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="FF82C7B309C14FBDB281B4FCCE51E809" degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-11.93">11°55'48"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EC9775C3E7CCBA850E86A66B3745B5D4" degrees="71" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="18" value="-71.255">71°15'18"W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
12 May 1991 leg. D. J. Harvey// MUSM-LEP 100092// Genitalic vial SN-17-86 S. Nakahara// (MUSM); // PERU: Madre de Dios Parque Manu, Pakitza
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="C22741A30182DF6EF7BE192BC59F47D0" degrees="11" direction="south" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-11.883333">11°53'S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="3F98D2FDCEB37A716B0BE1F28B66750C" degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.96667">70°58'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, 400 m 6 Oct 1990 leg. R. Robbins// MUSM-LEP 100093// PERU, MD, Albergue Amazonia 1252/7123 500 m 28.x.2010 G. Lamas// MUSM-LEP 100095// MUSM Loan KW-15-089// (MUSM).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="32CFA5A26F32805B7A46D7D6BDD2D46F" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="901DC255AA9505583274A1F7A07371E7" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="5A4711494209C974D4BEC1B245E0C957" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F34B5AA2F64999647D2BD2F810BE75F1" authorityName="Nakahara & Willmott" authorityYear="2023" class="Insecta" family="Nymphalidae" genus="Caeruleuptychia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Caeruleuptychia aemulatio" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aemulatio">
|
||
<emphasis id="2FDFE35C1152B28C288751B24CBBA4C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Caeruleuptychia aemulatio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. nov. is known to date from the state of Acre, Brazil, as well as
|
||
<normalizedToken id="24F5D1D07C4B22E5A76016D71E626E59" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
|
||
, Cuzco, and Madre de Dios departments in Peru.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="3BFD65FA47E54A526D49BCE7137CC985" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="2D25823E6354852F39CEDF91EF8B7D8E" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="C7C692A5324B7AFAA608D58FE59390E1" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</document> |