281 lines
38 KiB
XML
281 lines
38 KiB
XML
<document id="0BC7B555EEA84697BE827A2959DD12C3" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3640.2.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ef11d479-21ce-4271-866f-9709cb37ce28" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="218121" ID-ZooBank="57EFDD02-CDD5-4A13-B723-54506D5E11DA" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460593274570" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Brown, John W." docDate="2013" docId="6B2887DE1F7BFFAAF6D5220BE226FD49" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03640p283.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3640 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Eupinivora Brown, 2013, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="273" masterDocId="9711FFA61F7AFFA9F6422755E61EFFB1" masterDocTitle="A new genus of pine-feeding Cochylina from the western United States and northern Mexico (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Euliini)" masterLastPageNumber="283" masterPageNumber="270" pageNumber="271" updateTime="1698326356857" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="E19A9166F03D106FABE23B8A9D361777" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F80E4AEADD751D4B12E0E0E075A7D7A2">
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<mods:title id="DB6F21F6A452C435C445CA5998FF7269">A new genus of pine-feeding Cochylina from the western United States and northern Mexico (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae: Euliini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="F0FB54D9FD3AB2A19FCFD01BB2AB79C3" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="26497EB8F56B45E656948F693139A22A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="408B01CD5573C29DD1D22AD5B7F92316">Brown, John W.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="77EB84C024DB504E7FA1009B82946E5D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="AFC2A6D0AA69247933BAC43E06410A62">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="2BA586ADEB9F96B1881C5B35FF1AD815">
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<mods:date id="E5586C162E68EDFD8766AD1ACEDDD1DF">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="B2A2872835B1290257767D4A71C20AB4" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A4737E388478435EEC26EFAC057B9A2D">3640</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C1C570B842B0082696355FB0DDC3DF4E">2</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="EE86F8018579975DED20B53C4296B00B">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="25994A1C3FF186CA74CE50797D4F3904" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3640.2.9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6B2887DE1F7BFFAAF6D5220BE226FD49" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6153350" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119566154" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6153350" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6B2887DE1F7BFFAAF6D5220BE226FD49" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6B2887DE1F7BFFAAF6D5220BE226FD49" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">
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<subSubSection id="AB9B65431F7BFFA8F6D5220BE4BEFA6E" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E33E36C81F7BFFA8F6D5220BE7C3FAC9" blockId="1.[151,477,1374,1433]" box="[151,477,1374,1400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">
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<heading id="B87681A41F7BFFA8F6D5220BE7C3FAC9" bold="true" box="[151,477,1374,1400]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F6D5220BE7C3FAC9" bold="true" box="[151,477,1374,1400]" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F6D5220BE753FAC9" ID-CoL="93NN5" box="[151,333,1374,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="282" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F6D5220BE753FAC9" bold="true" box="[151,333,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">EUPINIVORA</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, new genus
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E33E36C81F7BFFA8F6D522D4E6E1FA28" blockId="1.[151,477,1374,1433]" box="[151,255,1409,1433]" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">
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<figureCitation id="7BBA2A4D1F7BFFA8F6D522D4E6E1FA28" box="[151,255,1409,1433]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,712,735]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,181,682]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,691]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 2. Morphological features of adult. 1. Head of Eupinivora. 2. Wing venation of Eupinivora unicolora." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218122/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Figs. 1, 2</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E33E36C81F7BFFA8F6D5229FE4BEFA6E" blockId="1.[151,672,1481,1503]" box="[151,672,1481,1503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">
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<typeStatus id="3C3A886A1F7BFFA8F6D5229FE6D6FA6E" box="[151,200,1482,1503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Type</typeStatus>
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species.
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F767229FE40CFA6E" box="[293,530,1481,1503]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ponderosae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F767229FE40CFA6E" box="[293,530,1481,1503]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Eupinivora ponderosae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="CAC657A11F7BFFA8F45D229FE482FA6E" box="[543,668,1481,1503]" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="AB9B65431F7BFFA8F6D5215EE527F801" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="E33E36C81F7BFFA8F6D5215EE527F801" blockId="1.[151,1437,1547,1968]" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F6D5215EE714F995" bold="true" box="[151,266,1547,1572]" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F7592158E787F995" box="[283,409,1549,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F7592158E787F995" box="[283,409,1549,1572]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Eupinivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is superficially most similar to members of the
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F58C2159E34EF995" authority="Walsingham" authorityName="Walsingham" box="[974,1360,1548,1572]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Argyrotaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ponera">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F58C2159E2A4F995" box="[974,1210,1548,1572]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Argyrotaenia ponera</emphasis>
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Walsingham
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</taxonomicName>
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group (
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F6DC217AE713F9F6" box="[158,269,1583,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Archipini">Archipini</taxonomicName>
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) as defined by Brown and Cramer (2000), with a rust to pale-orange forewing, usually bearing a palecream or white streak or patch through the discal cell (
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<figureCitation id="7BBA2A4D1F7BFFA8F55D2101E591F9DD" box="[799,911,1620,1644]" captionStart="FIGURES 3 – 8" captionStartId="5.[151,264,1920,1943]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,193,1880]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,193,1899]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURES 3 – 8. Adults of Eupinivora. 3. E. ponderosae, paratype male, USA, Arizona. 4. E. angulicosta, holotype male, Mexico, Nuevo Leon. 5. E. albolineana, holotype male, Mexico, Durango. 6. E. hamartopenis, paratype male, Mexico, Durango. 7. E. unicolora, holotype male, Mexico, Durango. 8. E. rufofascia, paratype female, Mexico, Durango." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218123/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Figs. 3–6</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="7BBA2A4D1F7BFFA8F5DC2101E5A3F9DD" box="[926,957,1620,1644]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 21" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1872,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,751,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,735,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 21. Male and female genitalia of Eupinivora thaumantias. 19. Adult, paratype, Mexico, Mexico. 20. Male genitalia, paratype, Mexico, Mexico (USNM slide 143,292). 21. Female genitalia, paratype, Mexico, Mexico (USNM slide 142,293)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218126/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">19</figureCitation>
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). This pattern is unlike that of any other Cochylina. The male genitalia are most similar to those of North American species of
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F22D212CE375F93E" authority="Busck, 1943" authorityName="Busck" authorityYear="1943" box="[1135,1387,1655,1680]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Henricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F22D212CE2C8F921" box="[1135,1238,1657,1680]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Henricus</emphasis>
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Busck, 1943
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F6D521C9E7C6F905" authority="Stephens, 1829" authorityName="Stephens" authorityYear="1829" box="[151,472,1692,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F6D521C9E739F905" box="[151,295,1692,1716]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Phtheochroa</emphasis>
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Stephens, 1829
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</taxonomicName>
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from which they are easily distinguished by the short (2 times as long as wide in most species), stout phallus lacking cornuti, and the dense patch of external spines near the junction of the aedeagus and the phallobase (
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<figureCitation id="7BBA2A4D1F7BFFA8F70A21B1E7DCF94D" box="[328,450,1764,1788]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1912,1935]" captionTargetBox="[231,1366,186,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[209,1385,177,1905]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Male genitalia of Eupinivora, with phallus removed. 9. E. ponderosae, paratype, USA, Arizona (MGP slide 736). 10. E. angulicosta, holotype, Mexico, Nuevo Leon (USNM slide 92,089). 11. E. albolineana, paratype, Mexico, Durango (USNM slide 119,189). 12. E. hamartopenis, paratype, Durango (MGP slide 345). 13. E. unicolora, paratype, Mexico, Durango (USNM slide 142,194). 14. E. rufofascia, paratype, Mexico, Durango (USNM slide 142,207)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218124/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Figs. 9–14</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="7BBA2A4D1F7BFFA8F78C21B1E7F5F94D" box="[462,491,1764,1788]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 21" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1872,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,751,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,735,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 21. Male and female genitalia of Eupinivora thaumantias. 19. Adult, paratype, Mexico, Mexico. 20. Male genitalia, paratype, Mexico, Mexico (USNM slide 143,292). 21. Female genitalia, paratype, Mexico, Mexico (USNM slide 142,293)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218126/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">20</figureCitation>
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) in all but two species; three species have a long, densely spined sacculus (
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<figureCitation id="7BBA2A4D1F7BFFA8F37F21B1E6A8F8AE" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1912,1935]" captionTargetBox="[231,1366,186,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[209,1385,177,1905]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Male genitalia of Eupinivora, with phallus removed. 9. E. ponderosae, paratype, USA, Arizona (MGP slide 736). 10. E. angulicosta, holotype, Mexico, Nuevo Leon (USNM slide 92,089). 11. E. albolineana, paratype, Mexico, Durango (USNM slide 119,189). 12. E. hamartopenis, paratype, Durango (MGP slide 345). 13. E. unicolora, paratype, Mexico, Durango (USNM slide 142,194). 14. E. rufofascia, paratype, Mexico, Durango (USNM slide 142,207)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218124/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Fig. 12– 14</figureCitation>
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). Males of
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F77C205CE7A2F891" box="[318,444,1801,1824]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F77C205CE7A2F891" box="[318,444,1801,1824]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Eupinivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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lack a forewing costa fold, whereas the structure is present in most North American
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F6D52079E739F8F5" box="[151,295,1836,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F6D52079E739F8F5" box="[151,295,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Phtheochroa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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; and in both sexes of
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F4652078E4BBF8F5" box="[551,677,1837,1860]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F4652078E4BBF8F5" box="[551,677,1837,1860]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Eupinivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the labial palpi are short and upturned, whereas they are long and porrect and nearly all
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F7D32005E43FF8D9" box="[401,545,1872,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Phtheochroa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F7D32005E43FF8D9" box="[401,545,1872,1896]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Phtheochroa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F41B2004E4DEF8D9" box="[601,704,1873,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Henricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F41B2004E4DEF8D9" box="[601,704,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Henricus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Males of
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F5782004E5A6F8D9" box="[826,952,1873,1896]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F5782004E5A6F8D9" box="[826,952,1873,1896]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Eupinivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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lack the modified sex scaling (“subgenital bunches of scent scales” sensu Razowski 2011) of abdominal segment 7 associated with the male genitalia that are characteristic of most species of
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F7BFFA8F44720CCE52BF801" authority="Razowski 2011" authorityName="Razowski" authorityYear="2011" box="[517,821,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Henricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="271" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F7BFFA8F44720CCE472F801" box="[517,620,1945,1968]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="271">Henricus</emphasis>
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(Razowski 2011)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="B7FE66401F78FFABF6D5259DE333FD6F" box="[151,1325,712,735]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218122/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" targetBox="[151,1429,181,682]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="E33E36C81F78FFABF6D5259DE333FD6F" blockId="2.[151,1325,712,735]" box="[151,1325,712,735]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF6D5259DE724FD6F" bold="true" box="[151,314,712,735]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">FIGURES 1–2.</emphasis>
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Morphological features of adult. 1. Head of
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<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F78FFABF4BC259FE56EFD6E" box="[766,880,714,735]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF4BC259FE56EFD6E" box="[766,880,714,735]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Eupinivora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. 2. Wing venation of
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||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F78FFABF20F259FE339FD6F" box="[1101,1319,712,735]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolora">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF20F259FE339FD6F" box="[1101,1319,712,735]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Eupinivora unicolora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AB9B65431F78FFABF685245EE391F818" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="E33E36C81F78FFABF685245EE7B5F88C" blockId="2.[151,1437,779,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF685245EE74FFC95" bold="true" box="[199,337,779,804]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Head: Vertex rough-scaled, without overhanging tuft, frons with sparse rough scales; ocellus minute; antenna ca. 0.5 forewing length, slender, 2 bands of scales per flagellomere, sensory setae 1.3–1.7 times flagellomere diameter in male, extremely short, sparse in female; labial palpus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7BBA2A4D1F78FFABF25B2406E244FCDA" box="[1049,1114,851,875]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,712,735]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,181,682]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,691]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 2. Morphological features of adult. 1. Head of Eupinivora. 2. Wing venation of Eupinivora unicolora." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218122/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
) short, length ca. 1.25 times diameter of compound eye in both sexes, segment II slightly sinuate, ascending, segment III porrect or slightly drooping, exposed; haustellum present, presumably functional; maxillary palpus inconspicuous. Thorax: Nota smooth-scaled, sometimes with a few raised scales at posterior end of mesothorax; legs unmodified. Forewing length 7.5–12.0 mm; forewing narrow, length ca. 2.5–2.7 times width, costa weakly and evenly curved from base to apex except for relatively long, extremely narrow concavity in middle 0.2 (inconspicuous in denuded wings) similar to that in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F78FFABF7272379E7D5FBF2" box="[357,459,1068,1091]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Henricus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF7272379E7D5FBF2" box="[357,459,1068,1091]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Henricus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but much less pronounced; apex acute; termen strongly oblique, straight; all veins present and separate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7BBA2A4D1F78FFABF7C9231AE7CEFBD6" box="[395,464,1103,1127]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 2" captionStartId="2.[151,264,712,735]" captionTargetBox="[151,1429,181,682]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,181,691]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 2. Morphological features of adult. 1. Head of Eupinivora. 2. Wing venation of Eupinivora unicolora." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218122/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
), except CuP absent, R4 and R5 connate at base, R5 to costa before apex, chorda weak, m-stem weak, length of discal cell ca. 0.65 length of wing, costal fold absent in male; hindwing with Rs and M1 entirely fused [difficult to interpret]; dense patch of fine, long scales near base of 1A+2A; frenulum with one acanthus in male, three in female. Abdomen: Lacking specialized scales and processes. Male genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7BBA2A4D1F78FFABF35C2394E389FB68" box="[1310,1431,1217,1241]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="6.[151,264,1912,1935]" captionTargetBox="[231,1366,186,1882]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[209,1385,177,1905]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Male genitalia of Eupinivora, with phallus removed. 9. E. ponderosae, paratype, USA, Arizona (MGP slide 736). 10. E. angulicosta, holotype, Mexico, Nuevo Leon (USNM slide 92,089). 11. E. albolineana, paratype, Mexico, Durango (USNM slide 119,189). 12. E. hamartopenis, paratype, Durango (MGP slide 345). 13. E. unicolora, paratype, Mexico, Durango (USNM slide 142,194). 14. E. rufofascia, paratype, Mexico, Durango (USNM slide 142,207)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218124/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Figs. 9–14</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="7BBA2A4D1F78FFABF6D523B0E6AAFB4C" box="[151,180,1253,1277]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 21" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1872,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,751,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,735,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 21. Male and female genitalia of Eupinivora thaumantias. 19. Adult, paratype, Mexico, Mexico. 20. Male genitalia, paratype, Mexico, Mexico (USNM slide 143,292). 21. Female genitalia, paratype, Mexico, Mexico (USNM slide 142,293)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218126/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">20</figureCitation>
|
||
) with tegumen broadly V-shaped, uncus in form of a small, weakly sclerotized, median lobe; vinculum Ushaped, lateral arms completely fused baso-anteriorly; socii subtriangular, often with slightly elongate, hairy anterior portion (representing vertex of triangle); gnathos absent; transtilla broad with strongly sclerotized median process with terminal bifurcation or patch of teeth; valva short, broad, costa straight, slightly convex, or abruptly angled subbasally, ventral margin curved, sacculus usually confined to basal 0.5, in some species with teeth or long spine-like setae; juxta short-triangular with median notch; phallus usually short, stout, bulbous, ca. 2 times as long as wide (4–5 times as long as wide in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F78FFABF40F22E8E4A4FA64" box="[589,698,1469,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolora">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF40F22E8E4A4FA64" box="[589,698,1469,1493]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">unicolora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F78FFABF4B622E8E57BFA64" box="[756,869,1469,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufofascia">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF4B622E8E57BFA64" box="[756,869,1469,1493]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">rufofascia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), with a pair of sinuate, lateral process projecting beyond apex, aedeagus ca. as long as phallobase, a dense cluster of long, strong spine-like setae externally near junction of aedeagus and phallobase; cornuti absent. Female genitalia (
|
||
<figureCitation id="7BBA2A4D1F78FFABF5F32150E227F9AC" box="[945,1081,1541,1565]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 18" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1834,1857]" captionTargetBox="[152,1433,334,1834]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,331,1838]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 18. Female genitalia of Eupinivora. 15. E. ponderosae, paratype, USA, Arizona (USNM slide 23,462). 16. E. hamartopenis, paratype, Mexico, Durango (USNM slide 119,175). 17. E. unicolora, paratype, Mexico, Durango (USNM slide 142,195). 18. E. rufofascia, paratype, Mexico, Durango (USNM slide 142,208)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218125/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Figs. 15–18</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="7BBA2A4D1F78FFABF2062150E27FF9AC" box="[1092,1121,1541,1565]" captionStart="FIGURES 19 – 21" captionStartId="11.[151,264,1872,1895]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,751,1849]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[151,1436,735,1850]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 19 – 21. Male and female genitalia of Eupinivora thaumantias. 19. Adult, paratype, Mexico, Mexico. 20. Male genitalia, paratype, Mexico, Mexico (USNM slide 143,292). 21. Female genitalia, paratype, Mexico, Mexico (USNM slide 142,293)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/218126/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">21</figureCitation>
|
||
) with papillae anales nearly parallel-sided, slightly narrowed anteriorly; apophyses slender, relatively short, posteriores ca. 1.25 as long as anteriores; sterigma an ill-defined, weakly sclerotized plate; lamellae antevaginalis with a variably developed median plate between bases of papillae anales and ostium, and a pair of laterad subrectangular sclerites immediately posterad of ostium bursae; lamellae postvaginalis a narrow, sclerotized, wrinkly ribbon; ductus bursae undifferentiated from corpus bursae, latter only slightly narrowed posteriorly toward ostium; corpus bursae oblong with dense spiculae throughout, lacking signum; accessory bursa a small rounded sac from frail ductus ca. 0.6 as long as ductus bursae, originating laterally near junction of ductus bursae and ostium; ductus seminalis from near middle of ductus bursae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E33E36C81F78FFABF685201DE391F818" blockId="2.[151,1437,779,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF685201DE72BF8D0" bold="true" box="[199,309,1864,1889]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
. There is no sexual dimorphism in maculation and little variation in forewing pattern within species, but forewing length is slightly variable among localities. Females are slightly to conspicuously larger than males. Within species, male and female genitalia are uniform, and between species they exhibit conspicuous differences.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AB9B65431F78FFAAF68520E1E5DAFF48" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="E33E36C81F78FFAAF68520E1E5DAFF48" blockId="2.[151,1437,779,2033]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,760]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="273" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF68520E1E7F3F87C" bold="true" box="[199,493,1972,1997]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Biology and distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. Four of the seven known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F78FFABF5DD20E3E203F87C" box="[927,1053,1974,1997]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF5DD20E3E203F87C" box="[927,1053,1974,1997]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Eupinivora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
were reared from cones of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F78FFABF31E20E3E71FF840" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arizonica">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF31E20E3E71FF840" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Pinus arizonica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F78FFABF74A208FE47AF840" authority="Blanco" authorityName="Blanco" box="[264,612,2009,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" rank="variety" variety="cooperi">
|
||
var.
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF77B208FE791F840" box="[313,399,2010,2033]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">cooperi</emphasis>
|
||
Blanco (Pinaceae)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and one from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F78FFABF548208FE5D9F840" box="[778,967,2009,2033]" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="272" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ponderosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F78FFABF548208FE5D9F840" box="[778,967,2009,2033]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="272">Pinus ponderosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
P. & C. Lawson. All of the species occur in montane habitats (
|
||
<quantity id="24799B2D1F79FFAAF73D27C2E402FF1E" box="[383,540,151,175]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" unit="m" value="2225.0" valueMax="2750.0" valueMin="1700.0">1700–2750 m</quantity>
|
||
) dominated by conifers, and fly primarily from June through August. The genus ranges from the western
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9B9676581F79FFAAF7FB27E9E44CFF65" box="[441,594,188,212]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Nevada, Utah, Wyoming, Colorado, Arizona, New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9B9676581F79FFAAF2FA27E9E30EFF65" box="[1208,1296,188,212]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and Texas) south to central
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9B9676581F79FFAAF70827B4E781FF48" box="[330,415,225,249]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Nuevo León, Durango, and Estado de
|
||
<collectingCountry id="9B9676581F79FFAAF51F27B4E5A6FF48" box="[861,952,225,249]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="AB9B65431F79FFAAF6852653E226FD49" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="E33E36C81F79FFAAF6852653E208FED7" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,760]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF6852653E72AFEAF" bold="true" box="[199,308,262,286]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. The similarity of forewing pattern with the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF51E2650E255FEAF" box="[860,1099,261,286]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Argyrotaenia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ponera">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF51E2650E255FEAF" box="[860,1099,261,286]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Argyrotaenia ponera</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group is assumed to be an adaptation to its pine host. Several species of pine-feeding
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF52E267FE5FAFEF3" box="[876,996,298,322]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Eucosmini">Eucosmini</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF27B267FE386FEF3" authority="Powell" authorityName="Powell" box="[1081,1432,298,322]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Rhyacionia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="versicolor">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF27B267FE326FEF3" box="[1081,1336,298,322]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Rhyacionia versicolor</emphasis>
|
||
Powell
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF6D52605E7A1FED7" authority="Kearfott" authorityName="Kearfott" box="[151,447,334,359]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eucosma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bobana">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF6D52605E747FED7" box="[151,345,334,359]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Eucosma bobana</emphasis>
|
||
Kearfott
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF789261AE402FED7" box="[459,540,335,358]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Retinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF789261AE402FED7" box="[459,540,335,358]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Retinia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
spp.) also exhibit similar orange maculation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E33E36C81F79FFAAF6852626E226FD49" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,760]" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">
|
||
Based on maculation and male genitalia, the seven species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF5362621E5ECFE3A" box="[884,1010,372,395]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF5362621E5ECFE3A" box="[884,1010,372,395]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">Eupinivora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
treated herein can be divided into two species groups. One group, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF41E26CDE51DFE1E" box="[604,771,407,431]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ponderosae">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF41E26CDE51DFE1E" box="[604,771,407,431]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">E. ponderosae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF55426CDE5A0FE1E" box="[790,958,407,431]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulicosta">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF55426CDE5A0FE1E" box="[790,958,407,431]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">E. angulicosta</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF59026CDE263FE1E" box="[978,1149,407,431]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albolineana">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF59026CDE263FE1E" box="[978,1149,407,431]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">E. albolineana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF28426CDE36BFE1E" box="[1222,1397,407,431]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thaumantias">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF28426CDE36BFE1E" box="[1222,1397,407,431]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">E. thaumantias</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is characterized superficially by a distinct white or pale cream dash near the middle of the discal cell of the forewing; a dense patch of large spines medially on the transtilla; a sacculus that is smooth or only slightly serrate along its upper edge and usually confined to the basal 0.25–0.33 of the valva; a dense cluster of long spines from the dorsum of the phallus; and a short, upturned valva, the costa of which is distinctly angled subbasally. In the second group, including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF748251AE7D8FDD7" box="[266,454,590,614]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamartopenis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF748251AE7D8FDD7" box="[266,454,590,614]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">E. hamartopenis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF795251AE478FDD7" box="[471,614,590,614]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolora">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF795251AE478FDD7" box="[471,614,590,614]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">E. unicolora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF4EB251AE522FDD7" box="[681,828,590,614]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufofascia">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF4EB251AE522FDD7" box="[681,828,590,614]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">E. rufofascia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the forewing lacks the white dash in the discal cell (although a trace is present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF7AE2521E4B8FD3A" box="[492,678,627,651]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamartopenis">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF7AE2521E4B8FD3A" box="[492,678,627,651]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">E. hamartopenis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); the transtilla lacks large spines and the median process is usually bifurcate distally; the sacculus extends about 0.5 or more the length of the valva and bears a dense, linear cluster of long spines; the phallus has a shorter patch of external spines dorsally (lacking altogether in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="24814D4B1F79FFAAF2E725E8E32CFD65" box="[1189,1330,700,724]" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Eupinivora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="273" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolora">
|
||
<emphasis id="D1F5EADA1F79FFAAF2E725E8E32CFD65" box="[1189,1330,700,724]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="273">E. unicolora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); and the costa of the valva is straight or uniformly curved, lacking a distinct subbasal angle.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |