296 lines
37 KiB
XML
296 lines
37 KiB
XML
<document id="9DF3452EEFAD16219233C91C17FF822D" ID-CLB-Dataset="22221" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2013.45" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a66592b8-63a8-4c2d-9471-e58ddb2c0559" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3822710" ID-ZooBank="41B10E4D-7DAB-40CA-A8FE-4ECA078E04A3" checkinTime="1589313835598" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Zahniser, James N. & Dietrich, Chris H." docDate="2013" docId="6903BC00A3E3FF56ACB7E74E2F08FB47" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-2013-45.pdf.imf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 45" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.12:EJT.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="12" docTitle="Vartini Zahniser & Dietrich 2013" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="177" masterDocId="953AC478A34EFFE6AE00E1572B5EFFD9" masterDocTitle="A review of the tribes of Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae)" masterLastPageNumber="211" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="174" updateTime="1685912909012" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-3.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="5B19B8FD723517AF9F6EEB1095417307">A review of the tribes of Deltocephalinae (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E34E1EC61966CDD660C6EDAC36B1CE94">Zahniser, James N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="15627A53FF9E3ABEC6590830CC42D504">Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL 61820, United States of America & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: C 44 D 6 E 44 - FA 1 C- 4 B 29 - B 7 BB-FAF 5940 CD 225 & corresponding author e-mail: zahniser @ illinois. edu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="3EE8B986389161F51571A3D580DF92B9">Dietrich, Chris H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7B0E5F7BF90EE2E6B3C53598A7F50369">Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL 61820, United States of America & urn: lsid: zoobank. org: author: 82 FCB 86 C- 54 B 4 - 456 A-AE 5 E-D 7847 D 271 CB 9</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="37D5456E34B7C8D99C509F5F00EE0248">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="52D41FBA065CFABD67C1ED16A3D346D1">
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<mods:date id="0E5E30384198F84D68108EFB8D8B9169">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="1C8670668D1EF977CF38D7CFF2CD498F">2013-05-29</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="16376C727E05BF4CF4607D7456DBBB86">45</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5D261A9D0E4822C84D12D534D2371EAD" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2013.45</mods:identifier>
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<subSubSection id="A9B05E9DA3E3FF4BACB7E74E2823F9ED" box="[695,893,1561,1588]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E3FF4BACB7E74E2823F9ED" blockId="173.[367,1221,1561,1659]" box="[695,893,1561,1588]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
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<heading id="BA5DBA7AA3E3FF4BACB7E74E2823F9ED" box="[695,893,1561,1588]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
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<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3E3FF4BACB7E74E2859F9EA" ID-CoL="9DMZV" ID-ENA="2768505" authorityName="Zahniser & Dietrich" authorityYear="2013" box="[695,775,1561,1587]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Vartini">Vartini</taxonomicName>
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tribe nov.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A9B05E9DA3E3FF4BAF6FE76A281DF9A2" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E3FF4BAF6FE76A2F9BF98E" blockId="173.[367,1221,1561,1659]" box="[367,1221,1597,1623]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
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<uri id="953B0114A3E3FF4BAF6FE76A2F9BF98E" box="[367,1221,1597,1623]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid id="950C37C3A3E3FF4BAC96E76A2F9BF98E" box="[662,1221,1597,1623]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">E1F01DC6-889F-48C3-B0D7-28C87B614F1D</uuid>
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</uri>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E3FF4BACF0E737281DF9A2" blockId="173.[367,1221,1561,1659]" box="[752,835,1632,1659]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
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<figureCitation id="79911193A3E3FF4BACF0E737281DF9A2" box="[752,835,1632,1659]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="175.[189,232,1926,1952]" captionTargetBox="[236,1361,267,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@175.[236,1362,265,1884]" captionTargetPageId="175" captionText="Fig. 56. Vartini. A–C. Vartalapa robusta Viraktamath, 2004. D–K. Varta rubrofasciata Distant, 1908. A–I. Standard views (see Material & Methods). J. Ventral view of base of ♂ abdomen showing long apodemes of sternite II (sternite I obscure). K. Ventral view of ♂ pygofer." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3822834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3822834/files/figure.png" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A9B05E9DA3E3FF4BAEBDE7F52961F962" box="[189,575,1697,1724]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E3FF4BAEBDE7F52961F962" blockId="173.[189,575,1697,1724]" box="[189,575,1697,1724]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
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<typeStatus id="3E11B3B4A3E3FF4BAEBDE7F52BA9F965" box="[189,247,1698,1724]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Type</typeStatus>
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genus:
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<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3E3FF4BAF52E7F52965F962" authority="Distant, 1908" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1908" box="[338,571,1697,1723]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Varta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E3FF4BAF52E7F52ACCF962" box="[338,402,1698,1723]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Varta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A3E3FF4BAF99E7F62965F962" author="Distant W. L." box="[409,571,1697,1723]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refId="ref85845" refString="Distant W. L. 1908. Rhynchota - Homoptera. In: Bingham C. T. (ed.) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Volume 4. Taylor and Francis, London." type="book" year="1908">Distant, 1908</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A9B05E9DA3E3FF4BAEBDE7B42E28F861" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E3FF4BAEBDE7B42A68F924" blockId="173.[189,310,1763,1789]" box="[189,310,1763,1789]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
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<heading id="BA5DBA7AA3E3FF4BAEBDE7B42A68F924" bold="true" box="[189,310,1763,1789]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E3FF4BAEBDE7B42A68F924" bold="true" box="[189,310,1763,1789]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E3FF4BAEBDE6462E28F861" blockId="173.[189,1399,1809,1977]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
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<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3E3FF4BAEBDE6462A53F8F2" authorityName="Zahniser & Dietrich" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,269,1809,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Vartini">Vartini</taxonomicName>
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are medium sized to large, somewhat elongate, usually greenish or bluish leafhoppers, usually with red or orange longitudinal stripes. They can be identified by the produced and pointed head, gena visible behind the eye in dorsal view, elongate frontoclypeus, lorum distant from genal margin, profemur intercalary row setae thick and extending to or beyond middle of profemur, forewings truncate apically, apodemes of male sternite II long, subrectangular, flared apically, and pointed posterolaterally,
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A9B05E9DA3E0FF48AEBDE05C2F45F94A" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" type="description">
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E0FF48AEBDE05C2AA8FE91" blockId="174.[189,1398,267,328]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">connective with anterior arms appressed, and male segment X tube-like and protruding from pygofer and often well-sclerotized.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E0FF48AEBDE0272A10FE53" blockId="174.[189,334,368,394]" box="[189,334,368,394]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">
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<heading id="BA5DBA7AA3E0FF48AEBDE0272A10FE53" bold="true" box="[189,334,368,394]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E0FF48AEBDE0272A10FE53" bold="true" box="[189,334,368,394]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">Description</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E0FF48AEBDE0C82F2AFD0B" blockId="174.[189,1399,414,723]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">HEAD. Head narrower than pronotum; acutely or bluntly produced. Discal portion of crown glabrous with radial or longitudinal striae. Anterior margin of head foliaceous or acutely angled with several transverse striae or carinae. Frontoclypeus very long, narrow; texture shagreen; sometimes with median longitudinal carina anterodorsally. Clypellus parallel-sided or widening apically; apex following or slightly surpassing normal curve of gena. Lorum distinctly narrower than clypellus near base; very wellseparated from genal margin.Antennal bases near middle, posteroventral (lower) corners, or anterodorsal (upper) corners of eyes. Antennae long, 1.5 x width of head or more. Gena not incised, slightly incised, or sinuate laterally; visible behind eye in dorsal view; with fine erect seta beside laterofrontal suture. Antennal ledges absent. Ocelli present; close to eyes; on anterior margin of head.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E0FF48AEBDE3AD2F8DFCCD" blockId="174.[189,1235,761,788]" box="[189,1235,761,788]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">THORAX. Pronotum lateral margin carinate; lateral margin shorter than basal width of eye.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E0FF48AEBDE26B28BEFC42" blockId="174.[189,1399,827,924]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">WINGS. Forewing macropterous; truncate apically; appendix absent, reduced, or present and restricted to anal margin; with 3 anteapical cells; veins sometimes obscure; veins not raised; without reflexed costal veins; A1-A2 crossvein absent; apical venation not highly reticulate.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E0FF48AEBDE2942E4CFB9F" blockId="174.[189,1399,963,1095]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">
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LEGS. Setal bases often darkly colored. Profemur with
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<collectionCode id="87BB95D3A3E0FF48AD45E2942827FC04" box="[837,889,963,989]" country="Australia" name="Australian Museum" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" type="Museum">AM</collectionCode>
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1 seta only; intercalary row setae relatively large and thick, extending to or past middle of profemur; row AV with short, stout setae. Protibia dorsal surface rounded, convex; row AD with 1 apical macrosetae; row
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<collectionCode id="87BB95D3A3E0FF48ADB2E55D2889FBFD" box="[946,983,1034,1060]" country="Netherlands" name="Dutch Plant Protection Service, Culture Collection of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">PD</collectionCode>
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with 5 to 9 macrosetae. Metafemur apex macrosetae 2+2+1. Metatarsomere I not expanded apically; plantar setae simple, tapered.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E0FF48AEBDE53929A7FA1C" blockId="174.[189,1399,1134,1477]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">
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<collectionCode id="87BB95D3A3E0FF48AEBDE5392BA1FB5F" box="[189,255,1134,1160]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">MALE</collectionCode>
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GENITALIA. Apodemes of sternite II long, subrectangular, flared apically, pointed posterolaterally. Valve articulated with pygofer; lateral margin short, articulating with pygofer at a point. Pygofer basolateral membranous cleft present or absent; macrosetae absent or reduced or present, well differentiated into several rows. Subgenital plates free from each other or fused or partially fused to each other or to valve; often with many scattered macrosetae, or with one to several rows of macrosetae near lateral margin. Style broadly bilobed basally; median anterior lobe pronounced. Basal processes of the aedeagus/connective absent or present, if present then fused to connective or aedeagus. Aedeagus with single shaft and gonopore. Connective anterior arms closely appressed anteriorly, or rarely slightly separated; stem absent or present; articulated with or fused to aedeagus. Segment X tube-like; protruding from pygofer; sometimes with ventral processes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E0FF48AEBDE4BA2F45F94A" blockId="174.[189,1399,1516,1683]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">FEMALE GENITALIA. Pygofer with numerous macrosetae. Ovipositor protruding or not protruding far beyond pygofer apex. First valvula convex; dorsal sculpturing pattern strigate to reticulate; sculpturing reaching dorsal margin; without distinctly delimited ventroapical sculpturing. Second valvula broad, gradually tapered or slightly expanded subapically; without dorsal median tooth; teeth on apical 1/4 to 1/3 or more; teeth small to medium sized, regularly or irregularly shaped.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A9B05E9DA3E0FF48AEBDE7ED2868F8FF" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E0FF48AEBDE7ED2ABAF90C" blockId="174.[189,484,1722,1749]" box="[189,484,1722,1749]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">
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<heading id="BA5DBA7AA3E0FF48AEBDE7ED2ABAF90C" bold="true" box="[189,484,1722,1749]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E0FF48AEBDE7ED2ABAF90C" bold="true" box="[189,484,1722,1749]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">Geography and ecology</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E0FF48AEBDE7BE2868F8FF" blockId="174.[189,1398,1769,1831]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">
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Distribution: Afrotropical, Palearctic, and
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<collectingRegion id="236EC3F4A3E0FF48ACBAE7BE2844F8DA" box="[698,794,1769,1795]" country="Republic of the Congo" name="Orientale" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">Oriental</collectingRegion>
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regions. Linnavuori (1978b) reported
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<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3E0FF48AAEFE7BE2A6AF8FF" authority="Stal, 1866" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Stymphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E0FF48AAEFE7BE2E28F8DA" box="[1263,1398,1769,1795]" italics="true" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">Stymphalus</emphasis>
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Stål, 1866
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</taxonomicName>
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“on sedges and grasses in moist locations”.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A9B05E9DA3E0FF56AEBDE6192F08FB47" lastPageId="176" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E0FF48AEBDE6192A71F8B1" blockId="174.[189,303,1870,1896]" box="[189,303,1870,1896]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">
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||
<heading id="BA5DBA7AA3E0FF48AEBDE6192A71F8B1" bold="true" box="[189,303,1870,1896]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E0FF48AEBDE6192A71F8B1" bold="true" box="[189,303,1870,1896]" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">Remarks</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E0FF56AEBDE62B2F89FDBB" blockId="174.[189,1399,1916,2013]" lastBlockId="176.[189,1399,267,611]" lastPageId="176" lastPageNumber="177" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">
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<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3E0FF48AEBDE62B2A53F84F" authorityName="Zahniser & Dietrich" authorityYear="2013" box="[189,269,1916,1942]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="174" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Vartini">Vartini</taxonomicName>
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includes 7 genera and 23 species. The tribe is newly described here to include seven genera previously placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3E0FF48AFB2E6C82907F860" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[434,601,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The only diagnostic characters that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3E0FF48AA03E6C82F0DF860" authorityName="Zahniser & Dietrich" authorityYear="2013" box="[1027,1107,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="174" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Vartini">Vartini</taxonomicName>
|
||
share with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3E0FF48AADAE6C82E28F860" authorityName="Ball" authorityYear="1931" box="[1242,1398,1951,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Scaphytopius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E0FF48AADAE6C82E28F860" box="[1242,1398,1951,1977]" italics="true" pageId="174" pageNumber="175">Scaphytopius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are the produced head and very broad gena visible behind the eyes in dorsal view. These two characters tend to co-occur in many deltocephalines that are not related to one another. None of the genera previously included in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AF44E0792AB9FE91" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[324,487,302,328]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
that were sampled in phylogenetic analyses here (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AA28E0782F9AFE90" authorityName="Ball" authorityYear="1931" box="[1064,1220,303,329]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Scaphytopius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AA28E0782F9AFE90" box="[1064,1220,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Scaphytopius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AAD1E0782E31FE90" authorityName="Linnavuori" authorityYear="1959" box="[1233,1391,303,329]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Nesothamnus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AAD1E0782E31FE90" box="[1233,1391,303,329]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Nesothamnus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AEBDE0042A62FEB5" authorityName="Ball" authorityYear="1931" box="[189,316,339,364]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Japananus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AEBDE0042A62FEB5" box="[189,316,339,364]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Japananus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AF4FE0052A88FEB5" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" box="[335,470,338,364]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Stymphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AF4FE0052A88FEB5" box="[335,470,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Stymphalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) were found to be closely related to one another. Thus, the aforementioned characters appear to be convergent and not appropriate for sole use in defining tribes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AAB0E0222E2DFE56" baseAuthorityName="Zahniser & Dietrich" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[1200,1395,373,399]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Deltocephalinae">Deltocephalinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AEF5E0CF2A1BFE6B" authorityName="Zahniser & Dietrich" authorityYear="2013" box="[245,325,408,434]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Vartini">Vartini</taxonomicName>
|
||
are separated from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AC3CE0CF2981FE6B" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[572,735,408,434]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
here and, based on the number and uniqueness of the characters defining the group, appear to form a monophyletic group. Three characters supporting the group are newly reported here: profemur intercalary row setae relatively thick and extending to or basad of midlength of femur; apodemes of male sternite II long, subrectangular, flared apically, and pointed posterolaterally; male segment X tube-like and protruding from pygofer, often well-sclerotized. Viraktamath (2004) revised the group and several new species have been described since.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="B5D55D9EA3E1FF49AEBDE6D12F40F83E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3822834" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3822834" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3822834/files/figure.png" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" startId="175.[189,232,1926,1952]" targetBox="[236,1361,267,1866]" targetPageId="175">
|
||
<paragraph id="E1150D16A3E1FF49AEBDE6D12F40F83E" blockId="175.[189,1399,1926,2024]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E1FF49AEBDE6D12A45F879" bold="true" box="[189,283,1926,1952]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Fig. 56.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3E1FF49AF23E6D12A29F879" authorityName="Zahniser & Dietrich" authorityYear="2013" box="[291,375,1926,1952]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="175" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Vartini">Vartini</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E1FF49AF83E6D12AE2F879" bold="true" box="[387,444,1926,1952]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">A–C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3E1FF49AFCCE6D128D6F878" authority="Viraktamath, 2004" authorityName="Viraktamath" authorityYear="2004" box="[460,904,1926,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Vartalapa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robusta">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E1FF49AFCCE6D129FFF879" box="[460,673,1926,1952]" italics="true" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Vartalapa robusta</emphasis>
|
||
Viraktamath, 2004
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E1FF49AD95E6D0288EF878" bold="true" box="[917,976,1927,1953]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">D–K</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3E1FF49ADE0E6D02E2CF878" authority="Distant, 1908" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1908" box="[992,1394,1926,1953]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Varta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubrofasciata">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E1FF49ADE0E6D02F99F879" box="[992,1223,1926,1952]" italics="true" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Varta rubrofasciata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A3E1FF49AAD0E6D12E2CF878" author="Distant W. L." box="[1232,1394,1926,1953]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" refId="ref85845" refString="Distant W. L. 1908. Rhynchota - Homoptera. In: Bingham C. T. (ed.) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Volume 4. Taylor and Francis, London." type="book" year="1908">Distant, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E1FF49AEBDE6FE2BB2F81A" bold="true" box="[189,236,1961,1987]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">A–I</emphasis>
|
||
. Standard views (see Material & Methods).
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E1FF49AD02E6FD2846F81D" bold="true" box="[770,792,1962,1988]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">J.</emphasis>
|
||
Ventral view of base of ♂ abdomen showing long apodemes of sternite II (sternite I obscure).
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3E1FF49ACBEE69A298BF83E" bold="true" box="[702,725,1997,2023]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">K</emphasis>
|
||
. Ventral view of ♂ pygofer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="E1150D16A3FEFF56AEBDE3DD2F5CFD33" blockId="176.[189,1399,649,746]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AEBDE3DD2A1AFD7D" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" box="[189,324,650,676]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Stymphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AEBDE3DD2A1AFD7D" box="[189,324,650,676]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Stymphalus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was resolved near some Mukariini (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56ACF1E3DD2808FD7D" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1908" box="[753,854,650,676]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Mukaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56ACF1E3DD2808FD7D" box="[753,854,650,676]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Mukaria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AD8FE3DD2F7EFD7D" authorityName="Matsumura" authorityYear="1914" box="[911,1056,650,676]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Scaphotettix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AD8FE3DD2F7EFD7D" box="[911,1056,650,676]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Scaphotettix</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and sister to an undescribed genus from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="99BD4D86A3FEFF56AF48E3FA2AEEFD1E" box="[328,432,685,711]" name="Thailand" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Thailand</collectingCountry>
|
||
which does not share the diagnostic characters of the tribe listed above. More data are needed to resolve its relationship to other tribes of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AD3CE38728A1FD33" baseAuthorityName="Zahniser & Dietrich" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[828,1023,720,746]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Deltocephalinae">Deltocephalinae</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E1150D16A3FEFF56AEBDE2462AF5FCF2" blockId="176.[189,427,785,811]" box="[189,427,785,811]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<heading id="BA5DBA7AA3FEFF56AEBDE2462AF5FCF2" bold="true" box="[189,427,785,811]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AEBDE2462AF5FCF2" bold="true" box="[189,427,785,811]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Selected references</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E1150D16A3FEFF56AEBDE2172F25FC83" blockId="176.[189,1147,832,859]" box="[189,1147,832,859]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
|
||
Linnavuori (1978b),
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A3FEFF56AFB2E21728DFFC83" author="Viraktamath C. A. & Anantha Murthy H. V." box="[434,897,832,858]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" pagination="39 - 55" refId="ref90699" refString="Viraktamath C. A. & Anantha Murthy H. V. 1999. A revision of the leafhopper tribe Scaphytopiini from India and Nepal. Senckenbergiana Biologica 79 (1): 39 - 55." type="journal article" year="1999">Viraktamath & Anantha Murthy (1999)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Viraktamath (2004).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E1150D16A3FEFF56AEBDE2D52ACFFC45" blockId="176.[189,401,898,924]" box="[189,401,898,924]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<heading id="BA5DBA7AA3FEFF56AEBDE2D52ACFFC45" bold="true" box="[189,401,898,924]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" reason="3">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AEBDE2D52ACFFC45" bold="true" box="[189,401,898,924]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Included genera:</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E1150D16A3FEFF56AEBDE2E72F1DFC37" blockId="176.[189,1360,944,1182]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AEBDE2E7284DFC13" authority="Viraktamath & Anantha Murthy, 1999" authorityName="Viraktamath & Anantha Murthy" authorityYear="1999" box="[189,787,944,970]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Curvimonus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AEBDE2E72A12FC13" box="[189,332,944,970]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Curvimonus</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A3FEFF56AF54E2E7284DFC13" author="Viraktamath C. A. & Anantha Murthy H. V." box="[340,787,944,970]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" pagination="39 - 55" refId="ref90699" refString="Viraktamath C. A. & Anantha Murthy H. V. 1999. A revision of the leafhopper tribe Scaphytopiini from India and Nepal. Senckenbergiana Biologica 79 (1): 39 - 55." type="journal article" year="1999">Viraktamath & Anantha Murthy, 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
placement nov. (transferred from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AAA3E2E72E16FC12" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[1187,1352,944,971]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AEBDE2842958FC34" authority="Viraktamath, 2004" authorityName="Viraktamath" authorityYear="2004" box="[189,518,979,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Shivania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AEBDE2842A7AFC34" box="[189,292,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Shivania</emphasis>
|
||
Viraktamath, 2004
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
placement nov. (transferred from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AD96E2842F65FC37" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[918,1083,979,1006]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E1150D16A3FEFF56AEBDE2A12F5EFBC8" blockId="176.[189,1360,944,1182]" box="[189,1024,1014,1041]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AEBDE2A12A9DFBC9" authority="Stal, 1866" authorityName="Stal" authorityYear="1866" box="[189,451,1014,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Stymphalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AEBDE2A12A1AFBC9" box="[189,324,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Stymphalus</emphasis>
|
||
Stål, 1866
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
placement nov. (transferred from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AD53E2A128A6FBC8" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[851,1016,1014,1041]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E1150D16A3FEFF56AEBDE54D2881FBED" blockId="176.[189,1360,944,1182]" box="[189,991,1049,1076]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AEBDE54D2AFCFBED" authority="Distant, 1908" authorityName="Distant" authorityYear="1908" box="[189,418,1049,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Varta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AEBDE54D2BA3FBEA" box="[189,253,1050,1075]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Varta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="853B70E7A3FEFF56AF04E54E2AFCFBED" author="Distant W. L." box="[260,418,1049,1076]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" refId="ref85845" refString="Distant W. L. 1908. Rhynchota - Homoptera. In: Bingham C. T. (ed.) The Fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Volume 4. Taylor and Francis, London." type="book" year="1908">Distant, 1908</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
placement nov. (transferred from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AD32E54E2889FBED" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[818,983,1049,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E1150D16A3FEFF56AEBDE56A2F0EFB81" blockId="176.[189,1360,944,1182]" box="[189,1104,1085,1112]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AEBDE56A294DFB8E" authority="Viraktamath, 2004" authorityName="Viraktamath" authorityYear="2004" box="[189,531,1085,1111]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Vartalapa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AEBDE56A2A6FFB8E" box="[189,305,1085,1111]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Vartalapa</emphasis>
|
||
Viraktamath, 2004
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
placement nov. (transferred from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56ADA3E56A2F16FB81" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[931,1096,1085,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E1150D16A3FEFF56AEBDE5362F0EFBA2" blockId="176.[189,1360,944,1182]" box="[189,1104,1120,1147]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AEBDE536294DFBA3" authority="Viraktamath, 2004" authorityName="Viraktamath" authorityYear="2004" box="[189,531,1120,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Vartatopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AEBDE5362A6FFBA3" box="[189,305,1121,1146]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Vartatopa</emphasis>
|
||
Viraktamath, 2004
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
placement nov. (transferred from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56ADA3E5372F16FBA2" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[931,1096,1120,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="E1150D16A3FEFF56AEBDE5D32F08FB47" blockId="176.[189,1360,944,1182]" box="[189,1110,1155,1182]" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56AEBDE5D32947FB44" authority="Viraktamath, 2004" authorityName="Viraktamath" authorityYear="2004" box="[189,537,1155,1181]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Xenovarta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="D3DED104A3FEFF56AEBDE5D32A69FB44" box="[189,311,1156,1181]" italics="true" pageId="176" pageNumber="177">Xenovarta</emphasis>
|
||
Viraktamath, 2004
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
placement nov. (transferred from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="26AA7695A3FEFF56ADA9E5D42F10FB47" authorityName="Oman" authorityYear="1943" box="[937,1102,1155,1182]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="176" pageNumber="177" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Scaphytopiini">Scaphytopiini</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |