146 lines
20 KiB
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146 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.901.39432" ID-GBIF-Dataset="654566e8-947b-4dfe-8fbc-baea3d254fa8" ID-PMC="PMC6965333" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-901-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D8C38C1C3844549F8BEC7C1D884CDF8E" ID-PubMed="31975782" ModsDocID="1313-2970-901-1" checkinTime="1578615027095" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Balkenohl, Michael" docDate="2020" docId="6695FA9F9C9A58609C09C160B0500964" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 901: 1-81" docOrigin="ZooKeys 901" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.901.39432" docTitle="Salcedia parallela Baehr 1998" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="D8C38C1C3844549F8BEC7C1D884CDF8E" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="D8C38C1C3844549F8BEC7C1D884CDF8E" masterDocTitle="A genus in disguise. Revision of the genus Salcedia Fairmaire, 1899 with descriptions of nine new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritinae, Salcediini)" masterLastPageNumber="81" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732478763716" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="B1BFFAE4F70623DAAE6A8154BDF5DC02">
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<mods:title id="C9396D3985CBABDBB7DC49C86931C0F1">A genus in disguise. Revision of the genus Salcedia Fairmaire, 1899 with descriptions of nine new species (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Scaritinae, Salcediini)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D9138170237F4C64A6F158CA3D189451" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="B80A3BD5CD62BAE7A15DA432E5984902">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="512D3ACED584E907AEE99F77604776E2">Balkenohl, Michael</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C3EF9528C47137B752D90300D7672EAE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DBFD128717A038261108912E2AE2FFE4">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7096B0FF0CE44F95C8E92A25DE1C3EA9">
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<mods:date id="63FAFFF8414F5F3FA432868088AC2C17">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="0311A66699DAE8B79E25FE0391D99E74" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="C7B366E61EEFA03CEAD9421AB151833F">901</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="9C2850BB30FD5F77E52707B3E0C53D74">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="7D74CE11A71905F903BA5F5624507837">81</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="F84BAE8D27A7B0926A7340AC8EE8962F">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.901.39432</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification id="BE86650E5A585EB5FB0B80ED4CDE48EC">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="34F077600B0F3A8DDAA56E95BCB47B01" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.901.39432</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5469B383E94BCEF9B787C059AAB12525" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-901-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="201B14FB882C38123F49C1511AE57A4B" type="ZooBank">843F6065-D00E-48E6-9A26-9CEB044BF102</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="6695FA9F9C9A58609C09C160B0500964" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161671756" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6695FA9F9C9A58609C09C160B0500964" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6695FA9F9C9A58609C09C160B0500964" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Carabidae" scope_order="Coleoptera" scope_subFamily="Scaritinae" scope_tribe="Salcediini">
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<subSubSection id="9D6B09873D0084D2273826515EB085FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="1DAD988E03E59E28993E5C0C689061EC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="AD995DF4368EA62625582310604BC3AE" ID-CoL="79C4B" LSID="6695FA9F-9C9A-5860-9C09-C160B0500964" authority="Baehr, 1998" authorityName="Baehr" authorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Salcedia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salcedia parallela" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallela">Salcedia parallela Baehr, 1998</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="0FC35060D17AA64E91F47A0DB01FA856" captionStart="Figures 20–25" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 20 - 25. Salcedia species, habitus, dorsal view, holotype 20 S. utetea sp. nov. 21 S. lukulua sp. nov. 22 S. robusta sp. nov. 23 S. tuberculata sp. nov. 24 S. miranda (Andrewes) 25 S. parallela Baehr." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures20-25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370610" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 25</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="33CB18A3310ED10F60AFDA2882102912" captionStart="Figures 36–43" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 36 - 43. Salcedia species, pronotum, dorsal view 36 S. procera sp. nov. 37 S. baroensis sp. nov. 38 S. utetea sp. nov. 39 S. lukulua sp. nov. 40 S. robusta sp. nov. 41 S. tuberculata sp. nov. 42 S. miranda (Andrewes) 43 S. parallela Baehr." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures36-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370612" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 43</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="8CEA6B34B8EEF8EBD40D13FE21EBD3D8" captionStart="Figures 77–83" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figures 77 - 83. Salcedia species, female coxostyli (gonopod IX) and laterotergite IX (epipleutite IX). n. 77 S. procera sp. nov. 78 S. baroensis sp. nov. 79 S. utetea sp. nov. 80 S. lukulua sp. nov. 81 S. robusta sp. nov. 82 S. miranda (Andrewes) 83 S. parallela Baehr." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures77-83" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370618" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 83</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4BA9F3FF9C8A304134218BE001E10CCC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="5143D07DF8AFF6E70A73C1C82F6583F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="D47841DE2A00378B3E38FB58549F523C" authorityName="Baehr" authorityYear="1998" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Salcedia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salcedia parallela" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="parallela">Salcedia parallela</taxonomicName>
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Baehr, 1998: 2;
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<bibRefCitation id="1FDFBDFC847712C10BF900EA03E905B3" author="Lorenz, W" journalOrPublisher="Printed by the author, Tutzing" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B34" refString="Lorenz, W, 2005. Systematic list of extant Ground Beetles of the World (InsectaColeoptera "Geadephaga": Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodidae), Second Edition. Printed by the author, Tutzing" title="Systematic list of extant Ground Beetles of the World (InsectaColeoptera " Geadephaga ": Trachypachidae and Carabidae incl. Paussinae, Cicindelinae, Rhysodidae), Second Edition." year="2005">Lorenz 2005</bibRefCitation>
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: 155.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7F9D8A5F78482320707E7FCF0C0E0035" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="A7DA4B9D66C85BA6E7F7C78F7E03B45F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FAA78233E2CFCBC00FFC9607A947A824" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="1314E289C20E9A7FC4AEA9BD56ABE28A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype</emphasis>
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: ♀, with labels and data: yellow, black printed and handwritten in black ink "BURMA (central) Mandalay, 20.9. 1984 D. Grohmann leg." / red, black printed "HOLOTYPE
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<emphasis id="1478AC3A28C5568F048A6B07046F98A6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Salcedia parallela</emphasis>
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sp. nov. det. M. Baehr 1997" (SMNS).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5B5B8D636670F14818CAE18B9BCD90E9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="7020A6ACDF3155E66C25E3EC8E67FBEA" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remark.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="290768F22D05EC171B1397A8ED328404" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">The tarsomere of the right intermediate leg are missing.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5E2371DD3B063B75D1E1478ED5DA5F70" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="6F5340B05C53539EFE384F4D86B742C5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2176992D475792F7B2F45AF684CC2BEB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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A large sized species, with oblong-elongate outline of the elytra with maximum width at middle and the pronotum with three additional carinae of which the inner lateral carina is shortened to a rudiment and the outer one anteriorly shortened. The pseudohumerus is rectangular and with a distinct tooth. The antennomeres are elongate. Distinguished most clearly from the similar species
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<taxonomicName id="AF91BB7F5ECE920D9C16D1A0209C208C" lsidName="S. miranda" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="miranda">
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<emphasis id="0541AE5C6D86E454DE5B818082731FF7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. miranda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the pronotum with the lateral margin straight and parallel and with eleven indistinct tubercles. Moreover, in
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<taxonomicName id="048825953EA329F4096B52B5B65D72EC" lsidName="S. parallela" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="parallela">
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<emphasis id="1464947443A4895B2BC8FCD9DCBC4926" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">S. parallela</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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the interneur five and six of the elytron shows three rows of pits at middle.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="14EDD49EDFA21E268903925920A078DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="redescription">
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<paragraph id="279CD042D75623E5EE662E11A04A145F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Redescription.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="409C662B1F382A95327F93396C5B6BF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Measurements in Table
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<tableCitation id="F85448B3190EF632686CE065FA8E4C00" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Measurements and ratios of Salcedia species. N = number of specimens measured; x ̄ = arithmetic mean; " term used " refers to the shape of the elytra." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/FDDA58A1B347C9F0593A738CF707345F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="FDDA58A1B347C9F0593A738CF707345F">1</tableCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="84E5D42E273D1F0E3376630CE0E01194" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="5D26C7C75C8C3C816E701E5D8243DE71" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Colour and surface:</emphasis>
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Anthracite grey with piceous traces, shiny; carinae of pronotum and elytra as well as margins of pronotum and elytra and surface of supra-antennal and supraorbital plates densely covered with beige-grey pili; legs, mandibles and scapus of antennae fuscous, other antennomeres lighter apically, palpi leoninous.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FBA5DB16F8976F20359E25B9A4B7931F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="74A2799367F7A74924A8DEB26B545A98" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Head:</emphasis>
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Five-sixths of width of pronotum. Outline semi-circular. Clypeus wide, straight anteriorly, fused with clypeal wings, separated from supra-antennal plates by indistinct obtuse notches and deep pit at each side, with raised oval-shaped field at middle, separated from frons by broad transverse furrow. Frons with two raised paramedian carinae, carinae convex, not joining anteriorly, with two small glossy teeth bilaterally to median carinae, with two shorter diverging carinae paralaterally at base; frons separated from supraorbital plates by deep broad furrows; with conspicuously broad pit at front-eye level; supra-antennal and supraorbital plates keel-like raised, supra-antennal plates vaulted. Base with angled emargination at middle (angle 130°), laterally obtuse angled (angle 102°). Eyes large, convex, genae higher as eyes, convex, both of them just visible from above, in lateral view shaped like a broad strip. Antenna with segments five to ten elongate (L/W 1.22), densely pubescent, segments two to four scarcely pubescent, scapus with longitudinal reticulation. Labrum straight anteriorly. Mandible moderately short, wide, slightly arcuate at apex. Mentum of moderate size, oval, epilobes wide, projecting, acutely angled anteriorly, with flattened margin at base, inner side and anteriorly, surface with longitudinal flat pits.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="257AB147AADE0A91E829DCD62E1E84B6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="3A1942A13C55862604DC5E90A10E95EA" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pronotum</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="16C544B3437BC742EE4625A7A13DC9AB" captionStart="Figures 36–43" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figures 36 - 43. Salcedia species, pronotum, dorsal view 36 S. procera sp. nov. 37 S. baroensis sp. nov. 38 S. utetea sp. nov. 39 S. lukulua sp. nov. 40 S. robusta sp. nov. 41 S. tuberculata sp. nov. 42 S. miranda (Andrewes) 43 S. parallela Baehr." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures36-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370612" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">43</figureCitation>
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): Outline rectangular, transverse, a third wider than long. Lateral margin almost straight, maximum width in middle third. Lateral margin crenulated, with eleven small tubercles larger basally, with notch at each posterior angle. Base straight laterally, with obtuse keel at middle pointing posteriorly. Disc nearly flat in lateral view, with two raised paramedian carinae parallel to median line and diverging posteriorly, with median line narrow, long, and ending in pits anteriorly and posteriorly, with four additional shorter carinae bilaterally, the paralateral one joining with the paramedian carinae at base and forming tooth-like tubercle pointing posteriorly and fringed with fine setae, extended anteriorly as less raised paralateral carina. With inner lateral carina very short, not connected to long outer lateral carina. All carinae sub-crenulate. Lateral margin broadly wing-like bent up, with six large and deep transverse pits existing of partly connected circular pits, the frontal one partly situated directly at the frontal margin and separated from the second one by a conspicuous ridge.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8E6057ACEE4AFBB94361C6B27E624408" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="84517E6B253092BDAA2F11EF195181B6" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Elytron:</emphasis>
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Flattened in anterior half (lateral view), moderately convex in frontal view. Oblong-elongate, margin straight in middle third, maximum width at middle, sub-tuberculate. Pseudohumerus rectangular (slightly over 90°), with distinct tooth. Apex rounded, with small but acute tooth at suture. Disc with interneur six sub-tuberculate, interneur three with indistinct longitudinal convexity at base, interneur two running towards apex as convex line, conspicuously raised, week apically, almost reaching apex; interneur four running in parallel to interneur two, almost reaching base, shortened at apex. Interneur five and six with three rows of serial pits. Pits of interneurs five and six partly connected transversally.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD3AF943DD81DCED8AAC3EF8BDE72294" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="97A7327C2BA7FE5D996C2CA060AC8098" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Hind wings:</emphasis>
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Fully developed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="CD6776F3A8809A9C8CF71E40C3F068BB" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="F3D990E078BA2CD60F84C3FFE33F2C66" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lower surface:</emphasis>
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Antennal channel of pronotum with surface irregular reticulated. Pseudoepipleura densely covered with grey pili, with partly doubled row of circular pits, lateral margin of elytron smooth. Metepisternum elongate, with broad longitudinal reticulated groove. Metasternum, abdominal sternites one to five with numerous irregularly situated smaller and larger pits, sternites four to six sulcate, four and five with band of small punctures at middle. Sternum six bilaterally slightly hollowed out concavely, with blunt longitudinal carina at middle.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2DE5F7D19250EFEA761A2A332CEEE78F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="B4C82831283C92453AD96EA6FB7DFB2C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Legs:</emphasis>
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Profemora with dorsal surface irregularly reticulated. Protibia with moderately long and distinctly laterally curved terminal spine, laterally bidentate and with two strong setae towards base, dorsally and ventrally with two carinae. First tarsomere distinctly elongated, nearly as long as tarsomeres two to five together.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="4FD1E50870C8514A56FC2803B39CC2A9" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="7742E42E7AFFA794F5F3D22A221F3358" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">External sexual dimorphism:</emphasis>
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Not observed.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="59C327599962269E3542575495C05AD3" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="38405B7419FA1CC081C568C64507EC3E" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male genitalia:</emphasis>
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Unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D68594AF99B880F6B30A20F5299BCEA6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="C6B5463029566F73D7D1DFC91CA12672" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female genitalia</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="EE74EF27D8303AD143DD4B065953574F" captionStart="Figures 77–83" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figures 77 - 83. Salcedia species, female coxostyli (gonopod IX) and laterotergite IX (epipleutite IX). n. 77 S. procera sp. nov. 78 S. baroensis sp. nov. 79 S. utetea sp. nov. 80 S. lukulua sp. nov. 81 S. robusta sp. nov. 82 S. miranda (Andrewes) 83 S. parallela Baehr." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figures77-83" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370618" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">83</figureCitation>
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): Coxostylus distinctly slender, obtusely and regularly curved, distinctly acute at apex, at end of basal third with one large and seven slender nematiform setae laterally, SSO with one fine pilus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="30EC05E427A0998ACF05934F50D992D0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<emphasis id="2013C7EDDB9B4CF82259A263D8F8D1C5" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Variation:</emphasis>
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Intra-individually, one side of the pronotum is straight and the other indistinctly convex.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A3B84ABB847DE964EF75D3F5E1F1A183" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="1965B20BC703592BCE01A0A9B0135CB6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3926A7015E9467EA8236D3D6BE3858C0" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="76E5DEF5C1A00C092A4F23B164BD8C78" captionStart="Figure 84" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 84. Map of tropical Africa providing an overview of the occurrence of all African Salcedia species described to date (recorded localities plotted). 1 (black S. perrieri Fairmaire; 2 (white) S. unifoveata sp. nov.; 3 (black circle) S. faillei sp. nov.; 4 (red) S. coquilhati Alluaud; 5 (yellow) S. elongata Alluaud; 6 (blue) S. africana (Britton); 7 (orange) S. utetea sp. nov.; 8 (grey) S. procera sp. nov.; 9 (light green) S. robusta sp. nov.; 10 (turquoise) S. schoutedeni Alluaud; 11 (purple) S. lukulua sp. nov.; 12 (dark green) S. tuberculata sp. nov.; 13 (brown) S. baroensis sp. nov.; 14 (light blue) S. nigeriensis Alluaud; 16 (dark blue) S. putzeysi (Oberthuer); 17 (black) S. matsumotoi sp. nov.;? in a circle (twice): collection locality of a single female Salcedia specimen of uncertain species. Basic schematic map of Africa taken from SimpleMappr. net." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.901.39432.figure84" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/370619" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">84</figureCitation>
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). Known from the type locality in Mandalay, central Burma (today Myanmar).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |