211 lines
25 KiB
XML
211 lines
25 KiB
XML
<document id="524D5DE8EBFD0757E922D76E9C6D7EFB" ID-CLB-Dataset="46982" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.199681" ID-GBIF-Dataset="62e1623e-d85e-46ea-8edf-6cb01d7c88eb" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="199681" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460343126729" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Blaimer, Bonnie B." docDate="2010" docId="6516CC460D16FFFFFF7A8AB665FD66B1" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02714p039.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2714" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Crematogaster malala Blaimer, 2010, NEW SPECIES" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="25" masterDocId="992FB43E0D01FFE7FFED8A216475640D" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy and Natural History of the Crematogaster (Decacrema) - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="24" updateTime="1732492176645" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="80807AA993B58E43D9D9C29A7FE99B0F">
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<mods:title id="24123527ED586C7635A442C12E3BA3FF">Taxonomy and Natural History of the Crematogaster (Decacrema) - group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="53F35E720B316CBA22AB0D30FCA4C9FC" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="D36050014D5F8FBFEE0991D13540EC48">Blaimer, Bonnie B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="C56BAEE954937E900D03E5DC09CFAAEC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="A4851DAB971F15095EADB4996C015444">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="7E31035EEBBADF598A2F25133C14B814">
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<mods:date id="3B6A2E780F4BA18257683BC1598BE4AE">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="456109DBDF25024C609B3920ACFBF50B" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="AA0CA6BFEB1F1EEBA8787AE00EAA72B0">2714</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="0469437984D9381AA9E8CE11AF387FA1">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="F0D1DB6B9ADA49D8FF72DFE303ECE737">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F32FCB203CAB9EFC2BB66065147AA8D5" type="CLB-Dataset">46982</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="61D99F18E41E1EC438CDF33003549C58" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.199681</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B9E004DAB98E9B1A0CF9B468FEE88754" type="GBIF-Dataset">62e1623e-d85e-46ea-8edf-6cb01d7c88eb</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="E90B7C26F51EBDDC52F693A6CD788DCE" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="37EF2AE39A842D046E193E19F919956B" type="Zenodo-Dep">199681</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="6516CC460D16FFFFFF7A8AB665FD66B1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6199376" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119406769" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6199376" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6516CC460D16FFFFFF7A8AB665FD66B1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6516CC460D16FFFFFF7A8AB665FD66B1" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" scope_family="Formicidae" scope_order="Hymenoptera">
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<subSubSection id="A5A52EDB0D16FFF0FF7A8AB6653564D9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFF0FF7A8AB6660464BC" blockId="23.[151,625,151,212]" box="[151,625,151,177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<heading id="B648CA3C0D16FFF0FF7A8AB6660464BC" bold="true" box="[151,625,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FF7A8AB6660464BC" bold="true" box="[151,625,151,177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D16FFF0FF7A8AB665D664BC" ID-CoL="CLMN9" box="[151,419,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malala" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FF7A8AB665D664BC" bold="true" box="[151,419,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Crematogaster malala</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="C4F81C390D16FFF0FE478AB6660464BC" box="[426,625,151,177]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" rank="species">NEW SPECIES</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFF0FF7A8A9B653564D9" blockId="23.[151,625,151,212]" box="[151,320,186,212]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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||
(
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<figureCitation id="758461D50D16FFF0FF728A9B648664D9" box="[159,243,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 32 – 37" captionStartId="29.[151,270,1974,1998]" captionTargetBox="[190,1397,196,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@29.[179,1407,166,1953]" captionTargetPageId="29" captionText="FIGURES 32 – 37. Malagasy Crematogaster (Decacrema) species; a: full-face view, b: lateral view, c: dorsal view. 32: C. nosibeensis; 33: C. sisa; 34: C. sabatra; 35: C. mahery; 36: C. malala; 37: C. grevei." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199685/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
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&
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<figureCitation id="758461D50D16FFF0FEF48A9B654D64D9" box="[281,312,186,212]" captionStart="FIGURES 38 – 43" captionStartId="30.[151,270,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[221,1364,193,1874]" captionTargetId="figure@30.[200,1385,164,1882]" captionTargetPageId="30" captionText="FIGURES 38 – 43. Malagasy Crematogaster (Decacrema) species; a: petiole & postpetiole in dorsal view, b: petiole & postpetiole in lateral view. 38: C. nosibeensis; 39: C. sisa, 40: C. sabatra; 41: C. mahery; 42: C. malala; 43: C. grevei." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199686/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">42</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A5A52EDB0D16FFF0FF7A8B24674066B7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFF0FF7A8B2466776567" blockId="23.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FF7A8B2465046512" bold="true" box="[151,369,261,287]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<typeStatus id="3204C3F20D16FFF0FF7A8B24657C6512" box="[151,265,261,287]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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worker.
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</emphasis>
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<collectingCountry id="95A83DC00D16FFF0FE948B24663B6512" box="[377,590,261,287]" name="Madagascar" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
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: P.C. Ankazomivady, -20.79751, 47.17910,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D16FFF0FBBB8B2460DF6512" box="[1110,1194,261,287]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.782" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1782.0">1782m</quantity>
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, ex dead twig above ground, disturbed montane rainforest, B.L.Fisher
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FCEE8B0B6737654E" box="[771,834,298,323]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
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#20466 (CASENT0140925, specimen image on Antweb) (deposited in
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<collectionCode id="8BAEE5950D16FFF0FE498B7165836567" box="[420,502,336,362]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CASC</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFF0FF2B8B5460C965D7" blockId="23.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FF2B8B54653E6582" bold="true" box="[198,331,373,399]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<typeStatus id="3204C3F20D16FFF0FF2B8B5465336582" box="[198,326,373,399]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
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.
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</emphasis>
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4w, P.N. Befotaka-Midongy, -23.84080, 46.95750,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D16FFF0FC398B54605D6582" box="[980,1064,373,399]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250m</quantity>
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, ex dead twig above ground, montane rainforest, (B.L.Fisher
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FDAE8BBB66F265BE" box="[579,647,410,435]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
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#15029: CASENT0193561 and CASENT0193562; #15041: CASENT0193559 and CASENT0193560) (deposited in
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<collectionCode id="8BAEE5950D16FFF0FCDC8BE167F265D7" box="[817,903,448,474]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MCZC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="8BAEE5950D16FFF0FC7E8BE1679C65D7" box="[915,1001,448,474]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/94p5-pepz" name="Iziko Museums of Cape Town" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">SAMC</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="8BAEE5950D16FFF0FC198BE1603865D7" box="[1012,1101,448,474]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MHNG</collectionCode>
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,
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<collectionCode id="8BAEE5950D16FFF0FBB48BE160C565D7" box="[1113,1200,448,474]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kd99-229r" name="R. M. Bohart Museum of Entomology" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">UCDC</collectionCode>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFF0FF2B8BC4674066B7" blockId="23.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FF2B8BC465B465F2" bold="true" box="[198,449,485,511]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Material examined.</emphasis>
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(
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<collectionCode id="8BAEE5950D16FFF0FE3B8BC4665365F2" box="[470,550,485,511]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">CASC</collectionCode>
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)
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<collectingCountry id="95A83DC00D16FFF0FDD18BC4677965F2" box="[572,780,485,511]" name="Madagascar" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FCF78BC467CF65F3" box="[794,954,485,510]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fianarantsoa</emphasis>
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D16FFF0FC2A8BC4607F65F2" box="[967,1034,485,511]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="km" value="36.0">36km</quantity>
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S Ambalavao, Rés. Andringitra (=P.N. Andringitra): -22.23333, 47.00000,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D16FFF0FD40882B67776629" box="[685,770,522,548]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.925" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1925.0">1925m</quantity>
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(B.L.Fisher); P.N. Andringitra: -22.18767, 46.90083,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D16FFF0FF7A8811649C6647" box="[151,233,560,586]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="2150.0">2150m</quantity>
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(B.L.Fisher
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FE69881165B46644" box="[388,449,560,585]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
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); P.N. Befotaka-Midongy: -23.84080, 46.95750,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D16FFF0FBF9881160136647" box="[1044,1126,560,586]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250m</quantity>
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||
(B.L.Fisher
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FAEC881161486644" box="[1281,1341,560,585]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
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);
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||
<quantity id="2A47D0B50D16FFF0FAB5881161E86647" box="[1368,1437,560,586]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="km" value="28.0">28km</quantity>
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SSW Ambositra, Ankazomivady [=P.C. Ankazomivady]: -20.77500, 47.16833,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D16FFF0FBB0887460C56662" box="[1117,1200,597,623]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.68" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1680.0">1680m</quantity>
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(B.L.Fisher
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FAA1887461FF6663" box="[1356,1418,597,622]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
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); P.C. Ankazomivady: -20.77667, 47.16500,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D16FFF0FD44885B67746699" box="[681,769,634,660]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.78" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1780.0">1780m</quantity>
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; -20.79751, 47.17910,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D16FFF0FBF0885B60046699" box="[1053,1137,634,660]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.782" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1782.0">1782m</quantity>
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(B.L.Fisher
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FAE3885B6139669E" box="[1294,1356,634,659]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
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); R.S. Ivohibe: -22.49667, 46.95500,
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<quantity id="2A47D0B50D16FFF0FDEF8881662166B7" box="[514,596,672,698]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.575" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="m" value="1575.0">1575m</quantity>
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||
(B.L.Fisher
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FD078881675166B4" box="[746,804,672,697]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al.</emphasis>
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||
).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A5A52EDB0D16FFF0FF2B88E4653962F9" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="description">
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFF0FF2B88E465BA6742" blockId="23.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FF2B88E4663366D2" bold="true" box="[198,582,709,735]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Worker measurements (n=10).</emphasis>
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HW 0.89–1.09; HL 0.80–0.99; EL 0.21–0.25; SL 0.73–0.82; WL 0.97– 1.16; SPL 0.18–0.27; PTH 0.20–0.24; PTL 0.23–0.28; PTW 0.29–0.41; PPL 0.17–0.21; PPW 0.26–0.36; LHT 0.70–0.88; CI 1.05–1.17; OI 0.24–0.28; SI 0.81–0.91; SPI 0.17–0.25, PTHI 0.84–1.00, PTWI 1.18–1.64, PPI 1.43–1.72; LBI 1.23–1.39.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFF0FF2B897B600D6779" blockId="23.[151,1437,261,2004]" box="[198,1144,858,884]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FF2B897B65B66779" bold="true" box="[198,451,858,884]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Worker description.</emphasis>
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Small to medium species (HW 0.89–1.09, WL 0.97–1.16).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFF0FF2889A165CF67E9" blockId="23.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Masticatory margin of mandibles with 4 teeth; posterior margin of head laterally forming round corners; antennae with scapes reaching or just surpassing posterior margin; midline of eyes situated just above midline of head in full face view.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFF0FF2889D167046102" blockId="23.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Promesonotum with laterally rounded shoulders; promesonotal suture weakly impressed, usually complete; outline of promesonotum convex in lateral view, sometimes broken by mesonotum which is often slightly raised over pronotum and forming a small antero-medial tubercle; mesonotum postero-laterally rounded or angular; propodeal spines medium sized (SPI 0.17–0.25), less than half the width between their bases, evenly tapering, from straight to weakly curved, and in dorsal view weakly diverging; petiole in dorsal view trapezoidal, anteriorly flared into rounded lobes, dorso-lateral margins carinate, terminating in a small postero-lateral tubercle; subpetiolar process present as a long, moderately acute antero-ventral tooth; postpetiole distinctly bilobed and broadly medially impressed.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFF0FF288F3B64806237" blockId="23.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Head sculpture reduced, usually aciculate; mesosoma with meso-and metapleuron carinulate or costulate; dorsal face of propodeum weakly costulate to reticulate; posterior face largely shiny; rest of mesosoma including legs largely aciculate; dorsal face of petiole mostly shiny; postpetiole dorsally feebly reticulate; lateral and ventral face of petiole and postpetiole coarsely rugulose-reticulate; helcium dorsally carinulate; face with 2–4 erect setae; pilosity on dorsum of mesosoma 2–4 erect humeral setae, rarely one pair of erect setae at base of mesonotal tubercules; a pair of stiff, long, erect setae present on postero-lateral tubercles of petiole; dorso-posterior erect setae also present on postpetiole; abdominal tergites 4–7 with scattered erect pilosity.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFF0FF288C6460A26252" blockId="23.[151,1437,261,2004]" box="[197,1239,1605,1631]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Colour light to dark brown, mesosoma usually lighter coloured than head and metasoma.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFF0FF2B8C4B653962F9" blockId="23.[151,1437,261,2004]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FF2B8C4B65346289" bold="true" box="[198,321,1642,1668]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Variation.</emphasis>
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Workers from the Midongy region are darker coloured than from P.C. Ankazomivady and P.N. Andringitra localities and have a denser appressed pubescence. The mesonotum is often more prominently raised over the pronotum in the P.C. Ankazomivady and P.N. Midongy material, than in workers from the other locations.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="A5A52EDB0D16FFFFFF2B8CDE610F64F1" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED007D500D16FFFFFF2B8CDE610F64F1" blockId="23.[151,1437,261,2004]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1437,152,700]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
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<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FF2B8CDE65206314" bold="true" box="[198,341,1791,1817]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Comments.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D16FFF0FE8F8D21661A6314" box="[354,623,1792,1817]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malala">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FE8F8D21661A6314" box="[354,623,1792,1817]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Crematogaster malala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is characterized by a combination of the following features. The petiole has postero-lateral tubercles that each bear a single, stiff and long erect seta. The postpetiole is distinctly bilobed and broadly medially impressed and also bears a pair of dorso-posterior stiff, long erect setae. These characters, together with the erect pilosity on abdominal tergites 4–7 and the 4 mandibular teeth, are shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D16FFF0FEB98DB465B563A3" box="[340,448,1941,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grevei">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FEB98DB465B563A3" box="[340,448,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. grevei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In distinction to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D16FFF0FD798DB4668A63A3" box="[660,767,1941,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grevei">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FD798DB4668A63A3" box="[660,767,1941,1966]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. grevei</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
however the lateral portions of the promesonotum in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D16FFF0FA6C8DB4649963D9" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malala">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D16FFF0FA6C8DB4649963D9" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. malala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are not raised with respect to the median portion and are postero-lateral rounded or angular. The metanotal groove further lacks lateral carinae and the promesonotum forms a convex outline in lateral view. In molecular phylogenetic analyses this species is well supported as a distinct clade by both nuclear and mitochondrial data, and results suggest it is the sister taxon to the rest of the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="95A83DC00D19FFFFFBF58AC360FF64F1" box="[1048,1162,226,252]" name="Madagascar" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D19FFFFFB7C8AC3616364F6" box="[1169,1302,226,251]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Decacrema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D19FFFFFB7C8AC3616364F6" box="[1169,1302,226,251]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Decacrema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A5A52EDB0D19FFFFFF2B8B2661606641" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED007D500D19FFFFFF2B8B2661606641" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,700]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D19FFFFFF2B8B26658B652C" bold="true" box="[198,510,263,289]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Distribution and biology.</emphasis>
|
||
Collections of this species are rare, with a few colonies from three locations of higher elevation rainforests (>
|
||
<quantity id="2A47D0B50D19FFFFFDED8B0C6621654A" box="[512,596,301,327]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1250.0">1250m</quantity>
|
||
) in the Ankaratra (Ankazomivady), Andringitra and Midongy massifs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="758461D50D19FFFFFF4C8B7364836561" box="[161,246,338,364]" captionStart="FIGURES 54 – 57" captionStartId="33.[151,270,1948,1972]" captionTargetBox="[294,1298,205,1923]" captionTargetId="figure@33.[285,1302,194,1927]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURES 54 – 57. Distributions of Malagasy Crematogaster (Decacrema). 54: C. grevei; 55: C. mahery; 56: C. malala; 57: C. nosibeensis." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/199689/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D19FFFFFF4C8B7364836561" bold="true" box="[161,246,338,364]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 56</emphasis>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). The isolated, montane distribution invites speculation that glacial cycles have played an important role in shaping this species’ evolutionary history and distribution, as has been suggested for other taxa in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="95A83DC00D19FFFFFF7A8BBC655D65BA" box="[151,296,413,439]" name="Madagascar" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
(for an overview see
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="892E00A10D19FFFFFDDF8BBC676A65BA" author="Vences" box="[562,799,413,439]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" refString="Vences, M., Wollenberg, K. C., Vieites, D. R. & Lees, D. C. (2009) Madagascar as a model region of species diversification. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 24, 456 - 465." type="journal article" year="2009">
|
||
Vences
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D19FFFFFD7D8BBC66B865BB" box="[656,717,413,438]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
, 2009
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Next to nothing is known about the biology of this species. Fisher’s collections of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D19FFFFFDE78BE3660B65D6" box="[522,638,450,475]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malala">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D19FFFFFDE78BE3660B65D6" box="[522,638,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C. malala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
workers document these ants as nesting in dead twigs (n=4) and in carton nests (n=1); queens or males of this species have not yet been discovered. A recent search for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D19FFFFFAC48BC961E9660C" box="[1321,1436,488,513]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malala">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D19FFFFFAC48BC961E9660C" box="[1321,1436,488,513]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C. malala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the P.N. Andringitra at about
|
||
<quantity id="2A47D0B50D19FFFFFDE1882C6615662A" box="[524,608,525,551]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800m</quantity>
|
||
, not far from where it had been collected before, was unsuccessful and suggests that these ants might be highly restricted in habitat and possess inconspicuous life habits.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="A5A52EDB0D19FFFFFF2B887665FD66B1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="ED007D500D19FFFFFF2B887665FD66B1" blockId="24.[151,1437,152,700]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
|
||
<emphasis id="DFCBA1420D19FFFFFF2B88766526667C" bold="true" box="[198,339,599,625]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
This species’ name is derived from the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="95A83DC00D19FFFFFCDE887967D0667F" box="[819,933,600,626]" name="Madagascar" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
|
||
adjective “
|
||
<taxonomicName id="2ABF06D30D19FFFFFBC6887960F5667F" box="[1067,1152,600,626]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="malala">malala</taxonomicName>
|
||
”, meaning “the beloved one”, inspired by happiness about the discovery of its morphological distinctness compared to the other species in the group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |