159 lines
15 KiB
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159 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.243.3990" ID-GBIF-Dataset="443af630-ba06-4b78-8924-9896713e9cf1" ID-PMC="PMC3697044" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-243-27" ID-PubMed="23818811" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2012" ModsDocID="1313-2970-243-27" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 243" ModsDocTitle="New neotropical species of Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) reared from fruit-infesting and leaf-mining Tephritidae (Diptera) with comments on the Diachasmimorpha mexicana species group and the genera Lorenzopius and Tubiformopius" checkinTime="1451248541764" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wharton, Robert, Ward, Lauren & Miko, Istvan" docDate="2012" docId="63DA601C3FB569B691B302D196E39DAE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 243: 27-82" docOrigin="ZooKeys 243" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.243.3990" docTitle="Diachasmimorpha mexicana" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="48" masterDocId="A334154EFF8AFF9C0E2B8B29FFD7FB06" masterDocTitle="New neotropical species of Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) reared from fruit-infesting and leaf-mining Tephritidae (Diptera) with comments on the Diachasmimorpha mexicana species group and the genera Lorenzopius and Tubiformopius" masterLastPageNumber="82" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1668154739309" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>New neotropical species of Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) reared from fruit-infesting and leaf-mining Tephritidae (Diptera) with comments on the Diachasmimorpha mexicana species group and the genera Lorenzopius and Tubiformopius</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Wharton, Robert</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ward, Lauren</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Miko, Istvan</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2012</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>243</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>27</mods:start>
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<mods:end>82</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.243.3990</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.243.3990</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-243-27</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152037979" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:63DA601C3FB569B691B302D196E39DAE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/63DA601C3FB569B691B302D196E39DAE" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="19" pageNumber="46">
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://species-id.net/wiki/Diachasmimorpha_mexicana" authority="Cameron" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha mexicana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicana">Diachasmimorpha mexicana (Cameron)</taxonomicName>
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Figs 3438
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="46" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Opius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Opius mexicanus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanus">Opius mexicanus</taxonomicName>
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Cameron, 1887: 409-410. Holotype male in BMNH (examined).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Desmiostoma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Desmiostoma mexicana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicana">Desmiostoma mexicana</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, M" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft oesterreichen Entomologen" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" pagination="59 - 69" title="Redeskriptionen von einigen Opiinen (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)." volume="19" year="1967 b">Fischer 1967b</bibRefCitation>
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: 63-64 (redescription, generic transfer);
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<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, M" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 1001" title="Hymenoptera, Braconidae (Opiinae II-Amerika)." volume="96" year="1977">Fischer 1977</bibRefCitation>
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: 849, 872-873 (key, redescription).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="46">
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha mexicana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicana">Diachasmimorpha mexicana</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation author="Wharton, RA" journalOrPublisher="Contributions of the American Entomological Institute" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" pagination="1 - 53" title="Generic relationships of opiine Braconidae (Hymenoptera) parasitic on fruit-infesting Tephritidae (Diptera)." volume="30" year="1997">Wharton 1997</bibRefCitation>
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: 14 (generic transfer).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="46" type="type locality">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="46">Type locality.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="46">Mexico, D. F., Chapultepec.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="46" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="46">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="46">Holotype male (BMNH), first label [round, white with red margin], first line: Type second line: H. T. Second label, first line: B. M. TYPE second line: HYM third line: 3.c.705 Third label, first line: B.C.A. Hymen. I. second line: Opius third line: mexicanus fourth line: Cam. Fourth label, first line: Opius second line: mexicanus third line: Cam. Type fourth line: BCA ii 409 Fifth label, first line: Bilimek second line: Mexico third line: 1871. fourth line: Chapul fifth line: tepek.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="47" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="47">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="47" start="start">Diagnosis</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="47">
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Holotype male. Eye in dorsal view shorter than temple, temples weakly expanded beyond eyes; eye in lateral view 0.95
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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length of temple. Frons unsculptured along midline between antenna and median ocellus. Clypeus 3.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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wider than high. Occipital carina distinct near base of mandible, short, not extending dorsally to ventral margin of eye. Antenna broken. Pronope deep, large, interrupting posterior crenulate groove middorsally. Notauli deep anteriorly, reaching margin of mesoscutum anteriorly, apparently extending about half distance from anterior-lateral margin to elongate midpit but pin obliterates midpit and surrounding area of mesonotum. Precoxal sulcus very weakly crenulate, nearly smooth, short, not extending close to anterior margin of mesopleuron. Propodeum largely smooth, with rugulose sculpture largely confined to midline, especially around apex, and along border of metapleuron. Fore wing 2RS 0.8
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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3RSa; m-cu distinctly postfurcal. T1 with dorsal carinae widely separated, short, barely extending to level of spiracle, T1 otherwise unsculptured. Head, meso- and metasoma orange, tegula black; legs black as in holotype of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis</taxonomicName>
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. Body length about 4.0 mm. This species has a much smaller eye (Figs 35, 37) than the similarly-colored
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha sanguinea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanguinea">Diachasmimorpha sanguinea</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 41) and is also less heavily sculptured. Females are unknown.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="20" pageNumber="47" type="biology">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="47">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="47">Unknown.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="20" pageNumber="47" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="20" pageNumber="47">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="20" pageNumber="47">
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The body of the
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha mexicana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="47" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicana">Diachasmimorpha mexicana</taxonomicName>
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holotype is remarkably smooth relative to that of other species in the mexicana species group. The precoxal sulcus, for example,
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<pageBreakToken pageId="21" pageNumber="48" start="start">is</pageBreakToken>
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very weakly crenulate, the propodeum is very weakly sculptured in general but completely smooth and polished anterior-laterally, and T1 is unsculptured except for the very short dorsal carinae. Sculpture is variable to some extent in other species of this species group, and thus it would be useful to obtain additional specimens of the true
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha mexicana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicana">Diachasmimorpha mexicana</taxonomicName>
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to determine the extent of sculptural variation in this species and ascertain whether reduction in sculpture is a useful diagnostic feature.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="48">
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<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, M" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft oesterreichen Entomologen" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" pagination="59 - 69" title="Redeskriptionen von einigen Opiinen (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)." volume="19" year="1967 b">Fischer (1967b)</bibRefCitation>
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noted that the specimen labeled as the type in BMNH is a male, but
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<bibRefCitation author="Cameron, P" journalOrPublisher="Biologia Centrali Americana" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" pagination="312 - 419" title="Hymenoptera (families Tenthredinidae-Chrysididae)." volume="1" year="1887">Cameron (1887)</bibRefCitation>
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indicated in his original description that he was describing a female. The excellent figure in
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<bibRefCitation author="Cameron, P" journalOrPublisher="Biologia Centrali Americana" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" pagination="312 - 419" title="Hymenoptera (families Tenthredinidae-Chrysididae)." volume="1" year="1887">Cameron (1887)</bibRefCitation>
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matches the type specimen, providing additional evidence of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cameron’s">Cameron's</normalizedToken>
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error (either misinterpretation of the male genitalia as an ovipositor or, more likely given the general quality of
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Cameron’s">Cameron's</normalizedToken>
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early work, a typographical error). The holotype was collected by D. Bilimek in Chapultepec and I have interpreted this as the large park that is now within Mexico City.
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<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, M" journalOrPublisher="Zeitschrift der Arbeitsgemeinschaft oesterreichen Entomologen" pageId="45" pageNumber="72" pagination="59 - 69" title="Redeskriptionen von einigen Opiinen (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)." volume="19" year="1967 b">Fischer (1967b)</bibRefCitation>
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recorded the type label as type no. 3.c.505, but this is an inadvertent error. The type number for this specimens is 3.c.705.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="48">
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See additional remarks under
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha hildagensis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hildagensis">Diachasmimorpha hildagensis</taxonomicName>
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above.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="21" pageNumber="48">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="48">
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Figures 34-37.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha mexicana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicana">Diachasmimorpha mexicana</taxonomicName>
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(Cameron), holotype male. 34 habitus 35 head, lateral view 36 wings, showing names of cells used in descriptions 37 face.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="21" pageNumber="48">
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<paragraph pageId="21" pageNumber="48">
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Figures 38-41.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Diachasmimorpha</taxonomicName>
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spp. 38
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha mexicana" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicana">Diachasmimorpha mexicana</taxonomicName>
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(Cameron) holotype male, mesopleuron 39
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha sanguinea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanguinea">Diachasmimorpha sanguinea</taxonomicName>
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(Ashmead), male mesosoma, lateral view 40
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha sanguinea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanguinea">Diachasmimorpha sanguinea</taxonomicName>
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habitus 41
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Diachasmimorpha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Diachasmimorpha sanguinea" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sanguinea">Diachasmimorpha sanguinea</taxonomicName>
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, male head, lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |