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<document id="0F6C1B87371FC7A856447C8E0B6387BA" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14703192" ID-ZooBank="F6F38808-9CD6-41AB-BE36-4CC3FDFDB753" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1737370585017" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kamila, A. P. &amp; Sureshan, P. M." docDate="2025" docId="6229EC42FFDF513DFF41FF0BFA5CFD92" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5566.3.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5566 (3)" docSource="https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5566.3.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Empusidae Burmeister 1838" docType="key" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="463" masterDocId="9E10943AFFCE512CFFD6FF9CFFC0FF95" masterDocTitle="An illustrated key to the praying mantids (Insecta: Mantodea) of India up to generic level" masterLastPageNumber="480" masterPageNumber="446" pageNumber="463" updateTime="1737388332973" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="27A9A3C8D5A30F4D1F2852A2E99E237A">An illustrated key to the praying mantids (Insecta: Mantodea) of India up to generic level</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DAB1FBA75BB8DBD3E8A6297C18BAC85E">Kamila, A. P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="89968FB38FB59235045D8DBA45E04CF8" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2159-2888</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="06DF5C6E1DA920A3229AB0CDCEE5529C">Western Ghat Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Kozhikode, Kerala, India- 673006 &amp; University of Calicut, Thenhipalam, Malappuram, Kerala, India- 673635</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="19A73E22FE5C2D8287FE1355B078F522" type="email">kamiii619@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="821EE6151EE970C32D252963996DC802">Sureshan, P. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BE7857BADF90ADF663766E127AC2E0AA" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4722-6368</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DAA2ADE0DF223230E2217447EA41895E">Western Ghat Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Kozhikode, Kerala, India- 673006</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="36836F41AD10CE74739939A12063F602" type="email">pmsuresh43@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="FBAADDA55FF213B834CF153D93D8AFFF">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B95ED275CC21324B0F885E5F60A3C8EE">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="BD033560C8AE7A8C00DC7E1A8C31FABD">2025-01-09</mods:number>
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<treatment id="6229EC42FFDF513DFF41FF0BFA5CFD92" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6229EC42FFDF513DFF41FF0BFA5CFD92" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6229EC42FFDF513DFF41FF0BFA5CFD92" lastPageNumber="463" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
<subSubSection id="A29A0EDFFFDF513DFF41FF0BFC0FFF6C" pageId="17" pageNumber="463" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="EA3F5D54FFDF513DFF41FF0BFD43FF24" blockId="17.[151,643,151,177]" box="[151,643,151,177]" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
<heading id="B177EA38FFDF513DFF41FF0BFD43FF24" bold="true" box="[151,643,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="463" reason="1">
<emphasis id="D8F48146FFDF513DFF41FF0BFD43FF24" bold="true" box="[151,643,151,177]" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
Family
<taxonomicName id="2D8026D7FFDF513DFF21FF0BFD43FF24" ID-CoL="8NKLW" authority="Burmeister, 1838" authorityName="Burmeister" authorityYear="1838" box="[247,643,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Empusidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">EMPUSIDAE Burmeister, 1838</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA3F5D54FFDF513DFF41FF43FC0FFF6C" blockId="17.[151,975,223,250]" box="[151,975,223,250]" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
Both subfamilies in this family with three genera are reported from
<collectingCountry id="92971DC4FFDF513DFC5BFF43FC0AFF6C" box="[909,970,223,249]" name="India" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A29A0EDFFFDF513DFF41FEB8FA5CFD92" pageId="17" pageNumber="463" type="key">
<key id="9E110A65FFDF513DFF41FEB8FA5CFD92" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
<keyStep id="517445F1FFDF513DFF41FEB8FA5CFE04" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
<paragraph id="EA3F5D54FFDF513DFF41FEB8FA5CFEC2" blockId="17.[151,1437,292,519]" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
<keyLead id="5171FE61FFDF513DFF41FEB8FA5CFEC2" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
1. Pronotum short. Lateral pronotal expansion along entire margin except posterior end of metazone (
<figureCitation id="72BB41D1FFDF513DFB49FEB8FB31FEAC" box="[1183,1265,292,314]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,194,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[181,1406,181,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. 75) Gongylus gongylodes, foreleg, ventral view. 76) Empusa guttula (Thunberg). 77) E. guttula, foreleg, ventral view. 78) Blepharopsis mendica (Fabricius) (©MantID). 79) B. mendica, foreleg and pronotum, dorsal view (©MantID). 80) Parablepharis kuhlii De Haan (©MantID)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Figs. 79</figureCitation>
). Forecoxal lobes convergent (
<taxonomicName id="2D8026D7FFDF513DFE8CFEDDFE30FEC2" ID-CoL="8Q6Y3" authorityName="Beier" authorityYear="1964" box="[346,496,321,343]" class="Insecta" family="Empusidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Blepharodinae">
<emphasis id="D8F48146FFDF513DFE8CFEDDFE30FEC2" bold="true" box="[346,496,321,343]" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Blepharodinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)..................................................................
<taxonomicName id="2D8026D7FFDF513DFACDFEDDFA5CFEC2" ID-CoL="8NNCB" authorityName="Rehn" authorityYear="1902" box="[1307,1436,321,343]" class="Insecta" family="Empusidae" genus="Blepharopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D8F48146FFDF513DFACDFEDDFA5CFEC2" bold="true" box="[1307,1436,321,343]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Blepharopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA3F5D54FFDF513DFF41FEC3FA5CFE04" blockId="17.[151,1437,292,519]" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
<keyLead id="5171FE61FFDF513DFF41FEC3FA5CFE04" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
- Pronotum elongated. Lateral pronotal expansion reduced to supra-coxal area (
<figureCitation id="72BB41D1FFDF513DFC1EFEC3FBD8FEE1" box="[968,1048,351,373]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId="16.[152,270,1895,1919]" captionTargetBox="[195,1394,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-17@16.[182,1406,181,1871]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 69–74. 69) Memantis sp. 70) Memantis sp., pronotum, dorsal view. 71) Caliris mukherjeei Kamila &amp; Sureshan. 72) Arria meghalayensis Mukherjee, pronotum, dorsal view. 73) Gongylus gongylodes (L.). 74) G. gongylodes, head, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703239" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703239/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Figs. 73</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="72BB41D1FFDF513DFBF4FEC3FBFDFEE0" box="[1058,1085,351,373]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,194,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[181,1406,181,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. 75) Gongylus gongylodes, foreleg, ventral view. 76) Empusa guttula (Thunberg). 77) E. guttula, foreleg, ventral view. 78) Blepharopsis mendica (Fabricius) (©MantID). 79) B. mendica, foreleg and pronotum, dorsal view (©MantID). 80) Parablepharis kuhlii De Haan (©MantID)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">76</figureCitation>
). Forecoxal lobes divergent (
<figureCitation id="72BB41D1FFDF513DFA84FEC3FF3BFE04" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,194,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[181,1406,181,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. 75) Gongylus gongylodes, foreleg, ventral view. 76) Empusa guttula (Thunberg). 77) E. guttula, foreleg, ventral view. 78) Blepharopsis mendica (Fabricius) (©MantID). 79) B. mendica, foreleg and pronotum, dorsal view (©MantID). 80) Parablepharis kuhlii De Haan (©MantID)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Fig. 75, 77</figureCitation>
) (
<taxonomicName id="2D8026D7FFDF513DFEC6FEE0FE43FE07" ID-CoL="8PRXK" authorityName="Saussure" authorityYear="1869" box="[272,387,380,402]" class="Insecta" family="Empusidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Empusinae">
<emphasis id="D8F48146FFDF513DFEC6FEE0FE43FE07" bold="true" box="[272,387,380,402]" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Empusinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)..................................................................................... 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="517445F1FFDF513DFF41FE05FA5CFD92" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
<paragraph id="EA3F5D54FFDF513DFF41FE05FA5DFE59" blockId="17.[151,1437,292,519]" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
<keyLead id="5171FE61FFDF513DFF41FE05FA5DFE59" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
2. Supra-coxal dilation rhomboidal (
<figureCitation id="72BB41D1FFDF513DFDFCFE05FDB3FE3B" box="[554,627,409,431]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId="16.[152,270,1895,1919]" captionTargetBox="[195,1394,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-17@16.[182,1406,181,1871]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 69–74. 69) Memantis sp. 70) Memantis sp., pronotum, dorsal view. 71) Caliris mukherjeei Kamila &amp; Sureshan. 72) Arria meghalayensis Mukherjee, pronotum, dorsal view. 73) Gongylus gongylodes (L.). 74) G. gongylodes, head, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703239" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703239/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
). Superior edge of fore femora distinctly dilated (
<figureCitation id="72BB41D1FFDF513DFB80FE05FB5EFE3A" box="[1110,1182,409,431]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,194,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[181,1406,181,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. 75) Gongylus gongylodes, foreleg, ventral view. 76) Empusa guttula (Thunberg). 77) E. guttula, foreleg, ventral view. 78) Blepharopsis mendica (Fabricius) (©MantID). 79) B. mendica, foreleg and pronotum, dorsal view (©MantID). 80) Parablepharis kuhlii De Haan (©MantID)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Fig. 75</figureCitation>
). Costal area of fore wing dilated at base (
<figureCitation id="72BB41D1FFDF513DFEAEFE2BFE7EFE59" box="[376,446,439,461]" captionStart="FIGURES 69–74" captionStartId="16.[152,270,1895,1919]" captionTargetBox="[195,1394,194,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-17@16.[182,1406,181,1871]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURES 69–74. 69) Memantis sp. 70) Memantis sp., pronotum, dorsal view. 71) Caliris mukherjeei Kamila &amp; Sureshan. 72) Arria meghalayensis Mukherjee, pronotum, dorsal view. 73) Gongylus gongylodes (L.). 74) G. gongylodes, head, dorsal view." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703239" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703239/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Fig. 73</figureCitation>
).........................................................................
<taxonomicName id="2D8026D7FFDF513DFAE8FE2AFA5DFE59" ID-CoL="8NS4J" authorityName="Thunberg" authorityYear="1815" box="[1342,1437,438,460]" class="Insecta" family="Empusidae" genus="Gongylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D8F48146FFDF513DFAE8FE2AFA5DFE59" bold="true" box="[1342,1437,438,460]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Gongylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA3F5D54FFDF513DFF41FE48FA5CFD92" blockId="17.[151,1437,292,519]" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
<keyLead id="5171FE61FFDF513DFF41FE48FA5CFD92" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">
- Supra- coxal dilation oval (
<figureCitation id="72BB41D1FFDF513DFE33FE48FDECFE7F" box="[485,556,468,490]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,194,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[181,1406,181,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. 75) Gongylus gongylodes, foreleg, ventral view. 76) Empusa guttula (Thunberg). 77) E. guttula, foreleg, ventral view. 78) Blepharopsis mendica (Fabricius) (©MantID). 79) B. mendica, foreleg and pronotum, dorsal view (©MantID). 80) Parablepharis kuhlii De Haan (©MantID)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Fig. 76</figureCitation>
). Superior edge of fore femora almost straight, not dilated (
<figureCitation id="72BB41D1FFDF513DFBB6FE48FB67FE7C" box="[1120,1191,468,490]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,194,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[181,1406,181,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. 75) Gongylus gongylodes, foreleg, ventral view. 76) Empusa guttula (Thunberg). 77) E. guttula, foreleg, ventral view. 78) Blepharopsis mendica (Fabricius) (©MantID). 79) B. mendica, foreleg and pronotum, dorsal view (©MantID). 80) Parablepharis kuhlii De Haan (©MantID)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
). Costal area of fore wing straight (
<figureCitation id="72BB41D1FFDF513DFEE1FE6DFEBDFD92" box="[311,381,497,519]" captionStart="FIGURES 75–80" captionStartId="19.[152,270,1880,1904]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,194,1844]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[181,1406,181,1857]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 75–80. 75) Gongylus gongylodes, foreleg, ventral view. 76) Empusa guttula (Thunberg). 77) E. guttula, foreleg, ventral view. 78) Blepharopsis mendica (Fabricius) (©MantID). 79) B. mendica, foreleg and pronotum, dorsal view (©MantID). 80) Parablepharis kuhlii De Haan (©MantID)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14703241" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14703241/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Fig. 76</figureCitation>
)................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="2D8026D7FFDF513DFA9DFE6EFA5CFD92" ID-CoL="8NR95" authorityName="Illiger" authorityYear="1798" box="[1355,1436,498,519]" class="Insecta" family="Empusidae" genus="Empusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Mantodea" pageId="17" pageNumber="463" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D8F48146FFDF513DFA9DFE6EFA5CFD92" bold="true" box="[1355,1436,498,519]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="463">Empusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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