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<document id="30FDEE5DC381AB47DB4BB48DE0C1BC82" ID-CLB-Dataset="298606" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.11558417" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d37631a4-f113-42bf-abd6-10f034777748" ID-ISSN="1868-3703" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11558417" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="juliana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="juliana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="juliana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="juliana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="juliana" checkinTime="1718070535459" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Terán, Guillermo E., Koerber, Stefan, Stazzonelli, Juan Carlos, Aguilera, Gastón &amp; Mirande, J. Marcos" docDate="2022" docId="617387ABFFEFFFC0FF11884F359EDEA7" docLanguage="en" docName="IchthyolContribPecesCriollos.80.1-8.pdf" docOrigin="Ichthyological Contributions of PecesCriollos 80" docStyle="DocumentStyle:942063D32C1E200D131838F556732584.1:IchthyolContribPecesCriollos.2007-.journal_article" docStyleId="942063D32C1E200D131838F556732584" docStyleName="IchthyolContribPecesCriollos.2007-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Poecilia reticulata Peters 1859" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="2" masterDocId="9D4AFFD3FFEFFFC1FFAC8E283776DC29" masterDocTitle="Any colour you like: new records of ornamental livebearers (Poeciliidae: Cyprinodontiformes) from freshwaters of Argentina." masterLastPageNumber="8" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1718656371042" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D5285A9AA6F9D8C485530EEA8CA8A9BF">Any colour you like: new records of ornamental livebearers (Poeciliidae: Cyprinodontiformes) from freshwaters of Argentina.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7FDE83CC1279BD12BF824F99571FD648">Terán, Guillermo E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D8E38171815FCB8E50BB696EC4B36002">Fundación Miguel Lillo, Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-FML), Miguel Lillo 251, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="954C1ADB7C54044E0E7D2764E0158AF2">Koerber, Stefan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A30FB2F451AC4A2FE7381BB17E99EA12">Independent researcher. Friesenstr. 11, 45476 Muelheim, Germany. pecescriollos @ koerber-germany. de</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EAA6E052793DCDFA6A3567CC5B3BEAE9" type="email">pecescriollos@koerber-germany.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="394FA922FABC811A3B0D345ADD7BFE21">Stazzonelli, Juan Carlos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="99BD7550DDDAE7FB55B5148E3FE93213">Fundación Miguel Lillo, Miguel Lillo 251, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="13BFC46F7CC2E644A0FA8766707031CD">Aguilera, Gastón</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="193409D91E13C66AB5A115DEA04D5A9C">Fundación Miguel Lillo, Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-FML), Miguel Lillo 251, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="83F10BAEF654408D9A6F3F7F2DEABF7C">Mirande, J. Marcos</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="484175E5AB0204267EDD6D6E5ED98F89">Fundación Miguel Lillo, Unidad Ejecutora Lillo (CONICET-FML), Miguel Lillo 251, 4000 San Miguel de Tucumán</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="D723772AE8C82EE0515FF98FD2EE7B13">Ichthyological Contributions of PecesCriollos</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="952ABAFE44999645044A590B24637198">2022</mods:date>
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<treatment id="617387ABFFEFFFC0FF11884F359EDEA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11995696" ID-GBIF-Taxon="233216987" ID-Zenodo-Dep="11995696" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:617387ABFFEFFFC0FF11884F359EDEA7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/617387ABFFEFFFC0FF11884F359EDEA7" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<paragraph id="E96536BDFFEFFFC1FF11884F33B1DAA9" blockId="0.[189,1223,1639,1664]" box="[189,1223,1639,1664]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<heading id="B22D81D1FFEFFFC1FF11884F33B1DAA9" box="[189,1223,1639,1664]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" reason="5">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEFFFC1FF11884F33B1DAA9" bold="true" box="[189,1223,1639,1664]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEFFFC1FF11884F36E9DA56" ID-CoL="9G5YD" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1859" box="[189,415,1639,1663]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Poecilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEFFFC1FF11884F36E9DA56" bold="true" box="[189,415,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Poecilia reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEFFFC1FE49884F3591DA56" authorityName="Heckel" authorityYear="1848" box="[485,743,1639,1663]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Xiphophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hellerii">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEFFFC1FE49884F3591DA56" bold="true" box="[485,743,1639,1663]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Xiphophorus hellerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
widely introduced around the globe
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E96536BDFFEFFFC0FF1188BE341DDCD3" blockId="0.[189,1456,1685,2047]" lastBlockId="1.[189,1455,195,250]" lastPageId="1" lastPageNumber="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Among the family
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEFFFC1FE3988BD356FDA84" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1895" box="[405,537,1685,1709]" family="Poeciliidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Poeciliidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEFFFC1FD8988BD34C5DA87" authority="Bloch &amp; Schneider, 1801" authorityName="Bloch &amp; Schneider" authorityYear="1801" box="[549,947,1685,1710]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Poecilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEFFFC1FD8988BD35F4DA84" box="[549,642,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Poecilia</emphasis>
Bloch &amp; Schneider, 1801
</taxonomicName>
, is the most diverse genus represented by 75 species (
<bibRefCitation id="8D4B4B4CFFEFFFC1FEE1889C36A8DAE5" author="Huber, J. H." box="[333,478,1716,1740]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="4 - 155" refId="ref3943" refString="Huber, J. H. (2019): A nomenclatural and systematic analysis of livebearing Cyprinodontiformes (Acanthopterygii: Anablepsinae, Goodeinae, Poeciliidae). Killi-Data Series 2019: 4 - 155" type="book chapter" year="2019">Huber 2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8D4B4B4CFFEFFFC1FE47889C35C9DAE5" author="Fricke R. &amp; W. N. Eschmeyer &amp; J. D. Fong" box="[491,703,1716,1740]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="ref3621" refString="Fricke R., W. N. Eschmeyer &amp; J. D. Fong (2022): Eschmeyer's catalog of fishes. Species by Familly / Subfamily. Electronic version accessed in Feb. 2022. link" type="journal volume" year="2022">Fricke et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
), from which the guppy,
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEFFFC1FC48889C322CDAE5" authority="Peters, 1859" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1859" box="[996,1370,1716,1740]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Poecilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEFFFC1FC48889C33C1DAE5" box="[996,1207,1716,1740]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Poecilia reticulata</emphasis>
Peters, 1859
</taxonomicName>
, is one of the most popular aquarium fish in the world (
<figureCitation id="71E12A38FFEFFFC1FCA988FB3422DAC2" box="[773,852,1747,1771]" captionStart="fig" captionStartId="5.[189,215,2006,2025]" captionTargetBox="[188,830,1728,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-465@5.[189,794,1728,1878]" captionText="fig. 22 Poecilia reticulata, variety of males from different strains as probably sold in every aquarium shop around the globe" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11995853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11995853/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">fig. 22</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8D4B4B4CFFEFFFC1FCC888FB33A9DAC2" author="Lucinda, P. H. F. &amp; P. Van der Sleen" box="[868,1247,1747,1771]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="346 - 350" refId="ref4414" refString="Lucinda, P. H. F. &amp; P. Van der Sleen (2018): Family Poeciliidae - Livebearers. 346 - 350. In: Van der Sleen, P. &amp; J. S. Albert (eds.): Field guide to the fishes of the Amazon, Orinoco &amp; Guianas. Princeton University Press" type="book chapter" year="2018">Lucinda &amp; Van der Sleen 2018</bibRefCitation>
). This species is native from Northeastern South America and
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEFFFC1FD4288DA3486DB23" box="[750,1008,1778,1802]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
, with the
<typeStatus id="3661881FFFEFFFC1FBC788DA33EBDB23" box="[1131,1181,1778,1802]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">type</typeStatus>
locality in the Guayre River in
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEFFFC1FEB3893836D7DB01" box="[287,417,1808,1832]" name="Venezuela" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
. The native range of this species includes
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEFFFC1FC3B893834ABDB01" box="[919,989,1808,1832]" name="Brazil" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEFFFC1FC448939333EDB00" box="[1000,1096,1809,1833]" name="Guyana" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Guyana</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEFFFC1FBF9893833CFDB01" box="[1109,1209,1808,1832]" name="Suriname" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Surinam</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="71E12A38FFEFFFC1FB6489383265DB00" box="[1224,1299,1808,1833]" captionStart="fig" captionStartId="5.[195,221,1908,1927]" captionTargetBox="[188,830,1728,1880]" captionTargetId="figure-465@5.[189,794,1728,1878]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="fig. 21 Poecilia reticulata, wild male, phenotype from Suriname, within the natural range of distribution" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11995841" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/11995841/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">fig. 21</figureCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEFFFC1FA86893832DDDB01" box="[1322,1451,1808,1832]" name="Venezuela" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEFFFC1FF5E8907369ADB6E" box="[242,492,1839,1863]" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Trinidad and Tobago</collectingCountry>
(Rosen &amp; Bayley 1963;
<bibRefCitation id="8D4B4B4CFFEFFFC1FCB889183379DB6E" author="Braganca, P. H. N. &amp; E. C. Guimaraes &amp; P. S. de Brito &amp; F. P. Ottoni" box="[788,1039,1839,1864]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="309 - 316" refId="ref3309" refString="Braganca, P. H. N., E. C. Guimaraes, P. S. de Brito &amp; F. P. Ottoni (2020): On the natural occurrence of Poecilia reticulata Peters, 1859 (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae). Cybium 44 (4): 309 - 316" type="journal article" year="2020">Bragança et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). Currently, its presence in natural environments is known to occur in almost 70 countries outside of the species native range (
<bibRefCitation id="8D4B4B4CFFEFFFC1FAA28966378ADBAD" author="Deacon, A. E. &amp; I. W. Ramnarine &amp; A. E. Magurran" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="ref3499" refString="Deacon, A. E., I. W. Ramnarine &amp; A. E. Magurran (2011): How reproductive ecology contributes to the spread of a globally invasive fish. PloS ONE 6 (9): e 24416, 8 p." type="book" year="2011">Deacon et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
). Non-native populations are known from Asia, Africa, Australasia-Pacific, Europe, North America, and South America (
<collectionCode id="8FCBAE78FFEFFFC1FE1689A3368CDB8A" box="[442,506,1931,1955]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">GBIF</collectionCode>
2016). In South America,
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEFFFC1FCEE89A33360DB8A" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1859" box="[834,1046,1931,1955]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Poecilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEFFFC1FCEE89A33360DB8A" box="[834,1046,1931,1955]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Poecilia reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded mostly in the northern region of the continent. The presence of this invasive species was confirmed from
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEFFFC1FA91898232D9DBEB" box="[1341,1455,1962,1986]" name="Paraguay" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D4B4B4CFFEFFFC1FF6989E0361BDBC8" author="Lucinda, P. H." box="[197,365,1992,2017]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 4" refId="ref4381" refString="Lucinda, P. H. F (2017): First confirmed records of the guppy, Poecilia reticulata, from Paraguay. Ichthyological Contributions of PecesCriollos 51: 1 - 4" type="journal article" year="2017">Lucinda 2017</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEFFFC1FE1089E03558DBC9" box="[444,558,1992,2016]" name="Argentina" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Argentina</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D4B4B4CFFEFFFC1FDE889E1345CDBC8" author="Rosso, J. J. &amp; F. D. Rosso &amp; E. Mabragana &amp; N. F. Schenone &amp; E. Avigliano &amp; J. M. Astarloa" box="[580,810,1992,2017]" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="ref4965" refString="Rosso, J. J., F. D. Rosso, E. Mabragana, N. F. Schenone, E. Avigliano &amp; J. M. Astarloa (2017): Molecular and taxonomic characterisation of introduced specimens of Poecilia reticulata in the lower Paraguay River basin (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae). Neotropical Ichthyology 15 (4): e 170046, 8 p." type="book" year="2017">Rosso et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
), both records from the
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEFFFC1FBCD89E133A5DBC8" box="[1121,1235,1993,2017]" name="Paraguay" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
River basin. The capacity of guppies to form large populations within the environment to which it was introduced could produce an increasing in competition with native fishes for food resources and changing rates of nutrient and/or organic-matter cycling (
<bibRefCitation id="8D4B4B4CFFEEFFC0FD888ECA3429DCD3" author="Lopez-Fuentes C. P. &amp; E. Velazquez-Velazquez &amp; M. J. Anzueto-Calvo &amp; W. A. Matamoros &amp; G. Salgado-Maldonado" box="[548,863,226,250]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref4205" refString="Lopez-Fuentes C. P., E. Velazquez-Velazquez, M. J. Anzueto-Calvo, W. A. Matamoros &amp; G. Salgado-Maldonado (2021): First record of the non-native fish Poecilia reticulata (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae), in Chiapas, southern Mexico. Cuadernos de Investigacion UNED 13 (1): e 3266. 7 p." type="book" year="2021">López-Fuentes et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A1C06536FFEEFFC0FF118F3B359EDEA7" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
<paragraph id="E96536BDFFEEFFC0FF118F3B36CBDE16" blockId="1.[189,1456,275,575]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEEFFC0FE658F3B3529DD02" authorityName="Heckel" authorityYear="1848" box="[457,607,275,299]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Xiphophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEEFFC0FE658F3B3529DD02" box="[457,607,275,299]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Xiphophorus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are native from
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEEFFC0FC878F3B3400DD02" box="[811,886,275,299]" name="Belize" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Belize</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEEFFC0FC288F3B337FDD02" box="[900,1033,275,299]" name="Guatemala" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEEFFC0FBB48F3B33F9DD02" box="[1048,1167,275,299]" name="Honduras" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Honduras</collectingCountry>
, and especially
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEEFFC0FAFF8F3B32DADD02" box="[1363,1452,275,299]" name="Mexico" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Mexico</collectingCountry>
. Nevertheless, two species of platies,
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEEFFC0FD2E8F1A349EDD60" authority="(Gunther, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1866" box="[642,1000,305,329]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Xiphophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="maculatus">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEEFFC0FD2E8F1A3468DD60" box="[642,798,305,329]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">X. maculatus</emphasis>
(Günther, 1866)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEEFFC0FB858F1A3202DD60" authority="(Meek, 1904)" baseAuthorityName="Meek" baseAuthorityYear="1904" box="[1065,1396,305,329]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Xiphophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="variegatus">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEEFFC0FB858F1A33B1DD60" box="[1065,1223,306,329]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">X. variegatus</emphasis>
(Meek, 1904)
</taxonomicName>
, and the swordtail
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEEFFC0FEC48F7935E6DD41" authority="Heckel, 1848" authorityName="Heckel" authorityYear="1848" box="[360,656,336,360]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Xiphophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hellerii">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEEFFC0FEC48F7936AADD41" box="[360,476,336,360]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">X. hellerii</emphasis>
Heckel, 1848
</taxonomicName>
, have been introduced globally in many different countries and environments.
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEEFFC0FEC28F47352DDDAE" authorityName="Heckel" authorityYear="1848" box="[366,603,367,391]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Xiphophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hellerii">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEEFFC0FEC28F47352DDDAE" box="[366,603,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Xiphophorus hellerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
today is found as an introduced non-native species in self-substaining populations in over 30 countries, sometimes from multiple introductions in different places as e.g. in several distinct states of
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEEFFC0FE208F853682DDEC" box="[396,500,429,453]" name="Australia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Australia</collectingCountry>
or the
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEEFFC0FDE28F853505DDEC" box="[590,627,429,453]" name="United States of America" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">US</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D4B4B4CFFEEFFC0FD298F853408DDEC" author="Maddern, M. G. &amp; H. S. Gill &amp; D. L. Morgan" box="[645,894,429,453]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="282 - 291" refId="ref4532" refString="Maddern, M. G., H. S. Gill &amp; D. L. Morgan (2011): Biology and invasive potential of the introduced swordtail Xiphophorus hellerii Heckel (Poeciliidae) in Western Australia. Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 21 (3): 282 - 291" type="journal article" year="2011">Maddern et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="8D4B4B4CFFEEFFC0FC218F853324DDEC" author="Nico, L. &amp; P. Fuller &amp; M. Neilson" box="[909,1106,429,453]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" refId="ref4695" refString="Nico, L., P. Fuller &amp; M. Neilson (2021): Xiphophorus hellerii Heckel, 1848. U. S. Geological Survey, Nonindigenous Aquatic Species Database, Gainesville, FL. published 14. Nov. 2012, accessed 12. Dec. 2021. link" type="book" year="2021">Nico et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
). Most of these introductions have happened in areas with tropical or subtropical climate. Yet, the species is also found in colder areas where is has been introduced in thermal waters, as e.g. in
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEEFFC0FCD78FC23496DE2B" box="[891,992,490,514]" name="Hungary" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Hungary</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8D4B4B4CFFEEFFC0FC5C8FC23384DE2B" author="Pandakov, P. &amp; Z. Barzov &amp; R. Moldovanski &amp; H. Hudek" box="[1008,1266,490,514]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" pagination="1 - 5" refId="ref4748" refString="Pandakov, P., Z. Barzov, R. Moldovanski &amp; H. Hudek (2021): First confirmed record of an established population of green swordtail (Xiphophorus hellerii Heckel, 1848) in Europe. Knowledge &amp; Management of Aquatic Ecosystems 422 (31): 1 - 5" type="journal article" year="2021">Pandakov et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
), where it could surely not survive the harsh winters in natural unheated water bodies which may even feature a frozen surface during winter.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E96536BDFFEEFFC0FF118C70359EDEA7" blockId="1.[189,1456,600,655]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
In the present contribution we report for the first time the presence of
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEEFFC0FC5C8C7033ADDE59" authorityName="Heckel" authorityYear="1848" box="[1008,1243,600,624]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Xiphophorus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hellerii">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEEFFC0FC5C8C7033ADDE59" box="[1008,1243,600,624]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Xiphophorus hellerii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEEFFC0FAA58C70320DDE59" box="[1289,1403,600,624]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Argentina</collectingCountry>
and of
<taxonomicName id="2EDA4D3EFFEEFFC0FF778C5E36DDDEA7" authorityName="Peters" authorityYear="1859" box="[219,427,630,654]" family="Poeciliidae" genus="Poecilia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="reticulata">
<emphasis id="DBAEEAAFFFEEFFC0FF778C5E36DDDEA7" box="[219,427,630,654]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Poecilia reticulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingRegion id="2B1EF85FFFEEFFC0FE5C8C5F3514DEA6" box="[496,610,631,655]" country="Argentina" name="Tucuman" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Tucumán</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="91CD762DFFEEFFC0FDC28C5E3592DEA7" box="[622,740,630,654]" name="Argentina" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Argentina</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>