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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="9487" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e7345e6b-fa55-474e-9b6e-d6b185121541" ID-PMC="PMC7718216" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-168-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" ID-PubMed="33335445" ModsDocID="1314-2003-168-1" checkinTime="1606572050664" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Dean, Ellen, Poore, Jennifer, Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio, Nee, Michael H., Kang, Hannah, Starbuck, Thomas, Rodrigues, Annamarie &amp; Conner, Matthew" docDate="2020" docId="60610CDAD424310A3BDA9A8D7E70B815" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 168: 1-333" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 168" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904" docTitle="Lycianthes amatitlanensis (J. M. Coult. &amp; Donn. Sm.) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 441. 1919" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="5F39D34A0DEF5952A2C4E9090C14B498" masterDocTitle="The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala" masterLastPageNumber="333" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732941180293" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="EEFE5333CF1E191A8378ECE7438C8CD3">The genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae, Capsiceae) in Mexico and Guatemala</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CDBA89441ABB643FA19F11B050756CC3">Dean, Ellen</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3C9776B6B19715E48EDADE7D339CD872">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B5C2766BBDEA9A35A5C17BA8D157BD45">Poore, Jennifer</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C7FFCBD4EE8917B3CD3E90DB696E5BA6">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A13078D158DADA0589F209CD049D9870">Anguiano-Constante, Marco Antonio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="7B3A86F310284D948E7058CD5B502C76">Laboratorio Nacional de Identificacion y Caracterizacion Vegetal (LaniVeg), Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACyT), Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biologicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Camino Ramon Padilla Sanchez 2100, 45110 Nextipac, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="728FFD92CAE8F58EDA680106D2B91917" type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4071-8108</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="AEB6C2B05888EBB7416A48580F127913">Nee, Michael H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FF3D2F8294BCE3770A90B53B116EDB53">Kang, Hannah</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="981247BCE4847E1D239DA514D261CDD2">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4F01A80BC6A00EEC6ED669BB8DA73244">Starbuck, Thomas</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1A7E7F98DCF9900C067F329D1FD2D525">Rodrigues, Annamarie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="51C67AEB3289FD67D60C0E17877C773A">UC Davis Center for Plant Diversity, Plant Sciences M. S. 7, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="84AFABA6F8D0CF5EDBB2E2C5B0E81C08">Conner, Matthew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="40AA962398B115DA469E01A2760D0065">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="46CC0166C7EE9E14AB83DAF8E7EF5CEB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F07E23D58675D50D08FB582E5DD9271F" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="897A2B1A56E7EDEB6396DA2AD87FA56B" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-168-1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="60610CDAD424310A3BDA9A8D7E70B815" ID-GBIF-Taxon="170596535" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:60610CDAD424310A3BDA9A8D7E70B815" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/60610CDAD424310A3BDA9A8D7E70B815" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Solanaceae">
<subSubSection id="4CE077E6E5EF7A9561F1BDFD352B6A98" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C0E956BF7F4F807861128D6BCD86B63C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
2
<taxonomicName id="2B0AF6B3F91DA6709462034BAB9356FA" ID-CoL="3WK35" authority="(J. M. Coult. &amp; Donn. Sm.) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 441. 1919" authorityName="(J. M. Coult. &amp; Donn. Sm.) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 441." authorityYear="1919" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes amatitlanensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">Lycianthes amatitlanensis (J.M.Coult. &amp; Donn.Sm.) Bitter, Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 24 [preprint]: 441. 1919</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="03783A6BF967EBBCD1627CBE045F4709" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Image of herbarium specimen of L. amatitlanensis, Breedlove 55371 (MO). Specimen used with permission from the Missouri Botanical Garden (http: // www. tropicos. org)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480020" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8CF539A54C77576C9352D6530D7464ED" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="84F2C0F8EEA32C17D5BD11040817A1AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="466566D14A87F6D7A343744295DD1348" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum amatitlanense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amatitlanense">Solanum amatitlanense</taxonomicName>
J.M.Coult. &amp; Donn.Sm., Bot. Gaz. 37: 420. 1904. Type: Guatemala. Alta Verapaz:
<normalizedToken id="42D37521E738F78AD5660FC42AECC5C2" originalValue="Cubilqüitz">Cubilqueitz</normalizedToken>
[Cubilhuitz], [
<geoCoordinate id="27731368327EE874E916DD3EB0CB02FA" degrees="15.6675" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="15.6675">15.6675</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="AEF2D827CFFF9D84BBA280B98EDE3BDA" degrees="90.4293" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-90.4293">-90.4293</geoCoordinate>
], 350 m, Feb 1903,
<emphasis id="FDBCF021B42E5CE06CFB058453ED62D4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. von Tuerkheim 8488</emphasis>
(lectotype designated by
<bibRefCitation id="B13F7BA66F4416DAA3F159F3693F354C" DOI="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.349.1.4" author="Dean, E" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="39 - 46" refId="B45" refString="Dean, E, Reyes, M, 2018a. Lectotypification of names in the genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae). Phytotaxa 349 (1): 39 - 46, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.349.1.4" title="Lectotypification of names in the genus Lycianthes (Solanaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.349.1.4" volume="349" year="2018 a">Dean and Reyes 2018a</bibRefCitation>
, pg. 40: US [01269192]; isolectotypes: F [0073066F, acc. # 185826], M [M-0171813], NY [00138963, 00138964], US [01014253]).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F28235917C9E9BFFF230565E3EDBDE60" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="91EC4DF2F929B000754DAB098FDEB1CB" authorityName="T. S. Brandegee" authorityYear="1917" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum sylvicola" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sylvicola">Solanum sylvicola</taxonomicName>
Brandegee, Univ. Calif. Publ. Bot. 6: 373. 1917. Type: Mexico. Chiapas: Finca Irlanda, Jun 1914,
<emphasis id="F6F076F68D9346FFFD623FFDC1DE9996" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. Purpus 7315</emphasis>
(holotype: UC [acc. # 173378]; isotypes: HBG [HBG-511491], M [M-0171815]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8F641EF25E8D4C9B18480495737A596C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="A4F19CA862D097B1FC9DD2FF48DDA5FE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5125C3929D3A9D0FB4FEF603AA42B246" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Based on
<taxonomicName id="B1EA2E576951D9F4B3D8CC0473AD4D35" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Solanum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Solanum amatitlanense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amatitlanense">
<emphasis id="7A0100936DD0FEDBA9E22AE81791EA44" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Solanum amatitlanense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
J.M.Coult. &amp; Donn.Sm.
</paragraph>
<caption id="CDCFC2B9926891C9E115FE8702507F76" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480020" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph id="BA2C204EC807B5ED8A5992E6C1F22267" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="837A9F87AD9A6CE1541A16268E148C9A" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 8.</emphasis>
Image of herbarium specimen of
<taxonomicName id="6A7F277D6AD5B749B1C1FE469C0B9E83" lsidName="L. amatitlanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="0576E8753EE56D848BCE139C1EDC206C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="02BAD9869B2A120108E91DBFBB1D911B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Breedlove 55371</emphasis>
(MO). Specimen used with permission from the Missouri Botanical Garden (http://www.tropicos.org).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="26B635FAEB6EA51A0F20280EBD3C0824" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph id="ED8511310D9EFF56C1E6EBEFBA0C02EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="46113CA96977482A567658019DC05A50" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Perennial herb to shrub, 0.4-4 m tall. Indument of off-white, tan or purplish (reddish), uniseriate, multicellular, simple, acute, straight to curved, eglandular, spreading or ascending trichomes 0.5-3 mm long. Stems green when young, moderately to densely pubescent, somewhat compressed upon drying in a plant press, light brown and woody with age; upper sympodial branching points usually monochasial with a few dichasial branching points. Leaves simple, the leaves of the upper sympodia usually paired and unequal in size, the larger ones with blades 6.5-26
<normalizedToken id="F22A0AE36435D274C8CF5D7BCF610161" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5-8.5 cm, ovate, elliptic, or obovate, the smaller ones with blades 0.3-4 (7)
<normalizedToken id="FC5D3F4FD2C4A42A74321D9673A4F321" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.2-2 (3.5) cm, usually ovate, the leaf pairs similar in texture, chartaceous, sparsely to densely pubescent, the trichomes along the midvein of the abaxial side spreading (at a 90 degree angle) to ascending (at a 45 degree angle), the base cuneate (sometimes rounded in the smaller leaves), usually oblique, the margin entire, usually delicately undulate, the apex acute to acuminate, the petiole 0.1-1.5 cm long, sometimes absent, the large leaf blades with (7) 10-22 primary veins on each side of the midvein. Flowers solitary, axillary, oriented horizontally to nodding; peduncles usually absent, sometimes present as a 1-3 mm long peg with overlapping pedicel scars; pedicels 4-12 mm and arching in flower, 6-16 mm long and erect to arching in fruit, moderately to densely pubescent; calyx 1-2 mm long, 2-3 mm in diameter, obconic to narrowly campanulate, moderately pubescent, the margin truncate to undulate, with 5-10 narrow, linear, spreading to reflexed appendages 0.8-4 mm long emerging 0.25-0.5 mm below the calyx rim; fruiting calyx slightly enlarged, widely bowl-shaped to plate-shaped, 1-2.5 mm long, 3.5-6 mm in diameter, the appendages very narrow and weak, to 5 mm long, sometimes withering in age; corolla 0.5-0.8 cm long, campanulate to reflexed in orientation, stellate in outline, divided 1/2 to 2/3 of the way to the base, interpetalar tissue present, white to pale yellow, adaxial markings unknown, moderately pubescent on abaxial surface with tuft of trichomes on distal end of lobe; stamens equal, straight, the filaments 1-2 mm long, glabrous, the anthers 2.5-3 mm long, lanceolate, free of one another, yellowish, glabrous, attenuate and abruptly narrowed at the tip, the narrowed portion ca. 0.5 mm long, poricidal at the tip, the pores ovate, dehiscing distally, not opening into longitudinal slits; pistil with glabrous ovary, the style 4-6 mm long, linear, straight, glabrous, widened distally into the stigma, the stigma capitate, decurrent down two sides. Fruit a berry, 5-8 mm long, 5-8 mm in diameter, globose, orange to red at maturity, glabrous, lacking sclerotic granules. Seeds 25-80 per fruit, 0.9-1.1
<normalizedToken id="187649035D6EC670D1B828926793996E" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.75-1 mm, compressed but not flat, sometimes with one shallow ridge, semi-circular, depressed ovate, triangular, or rhombic in outline, orange, the surface reticulum with tight, shallow serpentine pattern with shallow luminae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="95E7BDE6048D7FCABA610F7CEA9EDF02" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
<paragraph id="FC57F636E54850062E452B2DC984015F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5192F7D122A5B2E824818FE5C33F4E58" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4D1099992C9D3D96EAD7EECD432F9868" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8FE3F30BAC605072CB44E056CB0AF985" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="88CBCA4756C4E792DD7D2EAF2ED0B955" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Southern Mexico (Chiapas, Tabasco, Veracruz), Guatemala (Alta Verapaz, Escuintla, Guatemala, Huehuetenango,
<normalizedToken id="B0984C900EFB5443E71F8A3C0E729300" originalValue="Petén">Peten</normalizedToken>
), south to Belize, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama, and possibly South America. Tall forest, tropical rain forest, tropical moist forest, wet premontane forest, and cloud forest, in shady canyons, slopes, drainages (often near rivers or streams), sometimes in disturbed areas or coffee plantations, sometimes on limestone, usually 100-1000 m in elevation, rarely up to 1800 m (Fig.
<figureCitation id="492B26252EA648EEB7CC50F647298920" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Map of geographic distribution of L. amatitlanensis from Mexico to Honduras based on herbarium specimen data." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480021" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="1AD47F085064E81EFCB5AEB84E77625A" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.168.51904.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/480021" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph id="6B31A6C3001257EA8B4A4CA147C3754C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="2C77E9FE9AD80381385112EBCF3FE9B1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 9.</emphasis>
Map of geographic distribution of
<taxonomicName id="0313586E1AC4BD5F148A0AC088A362D2" lsidName="L. amatitlanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="ED56BF0D7415BA515490BAAE3847F0B1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Mexico to Honduras based on herbarium specimen data.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7E805EA1D5D7681A9344DEC95271588F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names and uses">
<paragraph id="0658A1910519995ED60359645AF7F680" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names and uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E88778D333CA2BA898062CF639F78C12" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Guatemala: Alta Verapaz: kaki saki
<normalizedToken id="6381632591574F89E03E37BB43CC835F" originalValue="maï">mai</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="CF9E63AEFA87581BE469B3AB87C51F26" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. Kunkel 186, 398</emphasis>
); same location:
<normalizedToken id="317AFAF457C6B980603169A1FCF7B5DD" originalValue="maï">mai</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis id="0AD6CA83962EA1153DFF78AE9E612817" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I. Kunkel 211</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4D3F1C6D8B15F464890E5F7536B51D8C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="C47650398CA8F2C979D772BA8DA1FB60" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="50BF968AF7F2FBF9D56BF4279BBCF3EF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Flowering specimens have been collected March through November; fruiting specimens have been collected May through February.
<bibRefCitation id="499D3331D2A2A078477AB1DA823D6142" author="De Nevers, G" journalOrPublisher="Solanaceae Newsletter" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="36 - 38" refId="B32" refString="De Nevers, G, 1986. Pollination of Lycianthes amatitlanensis in eastern Panama. Solanaceae Newsletter 2: 36 - 38" title="Pollination of Lycianthes amatitlanensis in eastern Panama." volume="2" year="1986">De Nevers (1986)</bibRefCitation>
documented the pollination of
<taxonomicName id="BA6EF44DAC86D4B8FA0D8AB51C8D435A" lsidName="L. amatitlanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="C34264180B8124E66D265B358E6D79E4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in eastern Panama. He described the flowers as being pendulous, positioned below the leaves. Pollinators (halictid bees) were observed visiting the flowers early morning to late afternoon and at 1 a.m. at night. No floral scents, nectar, or diurnal movements were noted. The flowers on most herbarium specimens are open, indicating that if there are diurnal movements, the flowers close for a very short time or only at night.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E8AB9F16A41C592F092903F6540C682A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation status">
<paragraph id="3D93B080B69CE0627950E70F2378193F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B0F8873B245321E0FA11B1F538616F1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="292FBAE5BABEBA46118CACCAAAAD2EB9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes amatitlanensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="A033522290D1C4047986D01DBBB484FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a widespread species ranging from eastern Mexico to Panama, represented by 48 collections and occurring in nine protected areas. The EOO is 687,839.069 km2, and the AOO is 192 km2. Following the
<bibRefCitation id="1038B98E47328E42476DE4ABFB993357" author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="The Linnean Society of London, Academic Press, London" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" publicationUrl="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" refId="B67" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019. http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN red list categories and criteria. version 12. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee in February 2019." url="http://jr.iucnredlist.org/documents/redlistGuidelines" year="2019">IUCN (2019)</bibRefCitation>
criteria, the preliminary assessment category is Least Concern (LC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="878DD8936388A7CCF397A8374562D5A6" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="4F961E88FB5C72772FDB4559B08AE068" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CA4BD16087FCBC7BC339B04CED007918" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName id="1E206A4D240A8CE285A16CE6F2F927C3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes amatitlanensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="0CCDF9BF05CDB7534FB0E74DA40F1F79" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a wide ranging species with small white to pale yellow flowers (pubescent on the abaxial side of the corolla lobes and with tufted trichomes at the lobe tips) and long, coarse trichomes that spread away from the midvein on the abaxial side of the leaf (usually with some trichomes at an angle close to ninety degrees).
<taxonomicName id="F47F81F4936DCE085C48FB58D6CB5CA0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes amatitlanensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="B3FF004D4C3B8EE4F7C8ADAA2D76F0C2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar and perhaps closely related to three other species occurring in Mexico and/or Central America:
<taxonomicName id="AA15D0AD57A0500244AB0498CE86EB8E" lsidName="L. glabripetala" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="glabripetala">
<emphasis id="4A0E9297DDD835D580A84B2861D4CEBD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. glabripetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(endemic to Mexico);
<taxonomicName id="75BBD774FF8017B563A351E984F3079F" lsidName="L. inconspicua" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inconspicua">
<emphasis id="87CC861968AAEBD7A0B93C694862A6DE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. inconspicua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Central America); and
<taxonomicName id="FA51C8AC3A01830F7A00ED7CB1C344AC" lsidName="L. inaequilatera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inaequilatera">
<emphasis id="1DF489B7E94ED614A2D133B19E187B45" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. inaequilatera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Rusby) Bitter (Costa Rica, Panama and South America).
<taxonomicName id="705C9AB4EA5A9AE5CDC28C21065AE550" authorityName="Bitter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 20: 368" authorityYear="1924" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes inconspicua" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inconspicua">
<emphasis id="ED8300174BE2BECA8A3006635B333A80" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes inconspicua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="A499CB77992EFDD5384FB7F9479651F4" lsidName="L. amatitlanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="75156AECC9EA4DF3BB773B6DC5C2A04C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having longer pedicels (15-30 mm in flower and 30-35 mm in fruit), appressed trichomes along the midvein of the abaxial side of the leaf, and ovate anthers with a shorter attenuate portion at the tip (ca. 0.25 mm long).
<taxonomicName id="4B9F54FFC2B7E42CD9B53C27149B38C7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes inaequilatera" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inaequilatera">
<emphasis id="F33DE74C85413AE4AAA7BABB912E9F5A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes inaequilatera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has pedicels of similar length to those of
<taxonomicName id="2A73530581EFBCC2F0DC5183DA9CD6C5" lsidName="L. amatitlanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="BDE13B03DFFFF6F10E161DA98AC5D40C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it has short, soft, appressed trichomes along the midvein on the abaxial side of the leaf. The Mexican species
<taxonomicName id="9423D98618B8E2E258C30C4C75A6E9BB" authorityName="E. Dean, Phytologia 100: 28" authorityYear="2018" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes glabripetala" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glabripetala">
<emphasis id="4E90F2E01162510A166A20755345803D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes glabripetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has larger, nearly glabrous corollas and appressed, wavy trichomes along the midvein on the abaxial side of the leaf blade;
<taxonomicName id="BC637C54D50CED272ABD8ADAFE68CB44" lsidName="L. glabripetala" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="glabripetala">
<emphasis id="83E0120B77BD92662B95B4B2A5658FFE" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. glabripetala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not overlap in distribution with
<taxonomicName id="5F2507A5D31F156105A6654F450134CE" lsidName="L. amatitlanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="97C8D257275A941AAECE34B9A95E275A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Where the distribution of
<taxonomicName id="3D33E9AA1C9139757A21DE4B78C62C9B" lsidName="L. amatitlanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="4AF5F591366D4DC5418A381CD5763918" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
overlaps with
<taxonomicName id="EDC8CD1EA493F5431BCF549B7D0D9BC5" lsidName="L. inconspicua" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inconspicua">
<emphasis id="C52C27D845F85D2B11788916DB8AA67D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. inconspicua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="852BE4D8A1105583B78A75EE6AF90D3C" lsidName="L. inaequilatera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inaequilatera">
<emphasis id="AA9CF2E5C7B706DBA978BAFF2398680F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. inaequilatera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="904B685CC0DCA3A82EA2B286C04015CC" lsidName="L. amatitlanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="E63DC26981082FCFC798E1BD534A3F53" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
tends to occur at lower elevations than the other two species. Intermediates between
<taxonomicName id="E556C173BED9CAC5771171E8BAFAE51D" lsidName="L. inaequilatera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inaequilatera">
<emphasis id="A9287955CADAD00FB80DEA37627E7195" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. inaequilatera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C953EAB4D227D56E40BB889362677FB6" lsidName="L. amatitlanensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="1EF318320E915E53B52D13C4BCD10BA5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur in Costa Rica and Panama, and these two species may eventually be treated as a single entity.
<taxonomicName id="EABF7F1C7B450497BFA36EABBCBA21FD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes inaequilatera" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inaequilatera">
<emphasis id="5708F470FFF4B4A3CC690AA3F0292E9C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes inaequilatera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a South American species, originally described from Bolivia that has not been reported further north than Costa Rica.
<taxonomicName id="B124FA9F2E44FF791B28B7B1B1E64C3B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Lycianthes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lycianthes amatitlanensis" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="amatitlanensis">
<emphasis id="E30100BA1415EDFDC8442366683EE59C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Lycianthes amatitlanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a Mexican and Central American species, originally described from Guatemala but reported in South America. Further study is needed to understand the ranges and variation of the two species. If united,
<taxonomicName id="61B3ABBA59EC9C7402414B331B63F79F" lsidName="L. inaequilatera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="inaequilatera">
<emphasis id="AA03A645B53CBCF39F543769B7280494" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L. inaequilatera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the earlier and correct name.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7114AF27B3D1BB4FE834A241EAE28FFF" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="98E2D6034BE7C2EDE4B1DE7D80FA743B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Representative specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="85D4F88C47CE9D60ADA2AED83D1900CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis id="ADDFC39DB60B473DCD2D3D63DC36C9DA" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Guatemala. Alta Verapaz</emphasis>
: Cubilquitz [Cubilhuitz], [
<geoCoordinate id="25F5F7CDE4FE583F10507C1DC5F62313" degrees="15.6675" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="15.6675">15.6675</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="83B28B919D8AB04DBC209B9CD1567148" degrees="90.4293" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-90.4293">-90.4293</geoCoordinate>
], 350 m, July 1907,
<emphasis id="990185BE71EBE63851452F4B0292700C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">H. von Tuerkheim 153</emphasis>
(US).
<emphasis id="DF32634646908B5FD38864F48EE1711B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Escuintla</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken id="BA85CB1C7ED488FDB2B75F166E3C3A56" originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Guacalate, 600 m, 16 Dec 1938,
<emphasis id="FE728AA819519009D3525C2972ADE1BF" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">P.C. Standley 60200</emphasis>
(US).
<emphasis id="8E0FEC8259FDDE4224E54D97007A1E73" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Guatemala</emphasis>
: Barranca de Eminencia, 1400 ft, Feb 1892,
<emphasis id="EDD5946B77E59972F90E7F7DEEF6A6FA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J. Donnell Smith 1457</emphasis>
(US).
<emphasis id="8B8244F5957BC1BDC3A5791D2EAD801D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Huehuetenango</emphasis>
: between Ixcan and Finca San Rafael, Sierra des los Cuchumatanes, 200-800 m, 24 Jul 1942,
<emphasis id="3F08FEB3333298CBDFAEEEBE1CD9AAA2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J.A. Steyermark 49396</emphasis>
, (NY).
<emphasis id="74A4C45CEF3C2537BFE5876621AE410B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Izabal</emphasis>
: Cerro San Gil,
<geoCoordinate id="92EF9D7D0B736394173ECEE90B5021A5" degrees="15.6333" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="15.6333">15.6333</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="469F49CA321E3A918522C2AD25A18098" degrees="88.8167" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-88.8167">-88.8167</geoCoordinate>
, 803 m, 8 Feb 2012,
<emphasis id="8E5D186D9B4A0C942D353A05C0705249" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
M.
<normalizedToken id="14EE3D2FCFADEBE97C6B3B3211F61D31" originalValue="Véliz">Veliz</normalizedToken>
23523
</emphasis>
(BIGU).
<emphasis id="754A73DEBFECBB4CB4B496525C076BFC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<normalizedToken id="CC929EAD9FC2CB95E5D9E20CAF2A4A65" originalValue="Petén">Peten</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: La Cumbre, in zapotal, on parcela de
<normalizedToken id="8C73A4EEB8EA1DD302AE372BE46C2184" originalValue="José">Jose</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="CD80CE70116626E56378E341CB0ABF12" originalValue="León">Leon</normalizedToken>
, 3 km east, 14 Aug 1976,
<emphasis id="805291F24A0E4E8E2609EC90AC749DBA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C.L. Lundell 20140</emphasis>
(LL).
<emphasis id="5CA5A94CCA78C16F003067667184BA64" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Mexico. Chiapas</emphasis>
: Ejido Tres Picos,
<geoCoordinate id="CD9255959A669DB74E4CCFED748A5791" degrees="16.2272" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="16.2272">16.2272</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0DA1C544FFA2CB625FA9DEEC82193D84" degrees="93.5808" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-93.5808">-93.5808</geoCoordinate>
, 1780 m, 19 Apr 2002,
<emphasis id="85379556943AF8339909B1D876443E99" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
A.
<normalizedToken id="A695F476DE7272B955A9D372FDE085A2" originalValue="Reyes-García">Reyes-Garcia</normalizedToken>
4437
</emphasis>
(MEXU).
<emphasis id="87D8117E2E2C2DA688C2C07CE462FB20" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Tabasco</emphasis>
: vicinity of Teapa, along road between Teapan and Tacotalpa, 3.1 m. E of Teapa along stream and limestone cliffs ca 1/4 mi S of Hwy, 17.55, -92.9833, 150 m, 19 Feb 1987,
<emphasis id="7AAAF83EE86E43E2B81E135E33375169" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T.B. Croat 65349</emphasis>
(MO).
<emphasis id="AE400566F101526C4C45AD331AA57C11" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Veracruz</emphasis>
: Mpio.
<normalizedToken id="832BF06C7750F5FC52E9F88DAE447F82" originalValue="Jesús">Jesus</normalizedToken>
Carranza, lomas al S de Pob. 2 (ca. 3 km al S de entronque de
<normalizedToken id="1731908491F279FA85DF68ED78E7C7F8" originalValue="terracería">terraceria</normalizedToken>
La Laguna-Sarabia con camino al N a Pob. 2), 17.2, -94.65, 150 m, 8 Jul 1988,
<emphasis id="349AA6435C7E6A51457B53581DE75B4A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">T. Wendt 6064</emphasis>
(MO).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>