181 lines
16 KiB
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181 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.444.7537" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e53fb8f2-2a76-4856-b154-1faef6ee81fd" ID-PMC="PMC4205731" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-444-1" ID-PubMed="25349499" ID-ZBK="FB83BDD3958A456DBFEA9C6C28D3E4D5" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-444-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 444" ModsDocTitle="Shallow-water zoantharians (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia) from the Central Indo-Pacific" checkinTime="1451245266514" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Reimer, James D., Poliseno, Angelo & Hoeksema, Bert W." docDate="2014" docId="5FDB545504CF9F292368EED3B26A64C5" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 444: 1-57" docOrigin="ZooKeys 444" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.444.7537" docTitle="Hydrozoanthus gracilis sensu Di Camillo et al. 2010" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="14" masterDocId="FFCCA07FFFC4625F1C6AFFB4EC3BFFB7" masterDocTitle="Shallow-water zoantharians (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia) from the Central Indo-Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="57" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="14" updateTime="1668159458110" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Shallow-water zoantharians (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia) from the Central Indo-Pacific</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Reimer, James D.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Poliseno, Angelo</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Hoeksema, Bert W.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>444</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>57</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.444.7537</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.444.7537</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-444-1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">FB83BDD3958A456DBFEA9C6C28D3E4D5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">FB83BDD3958A456DBFEA9C6C28D3E4D5</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152055745" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5FDB545504CF9F292368EED3B26A64C5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5FDB545504CF9F292368EED3B26A64C5" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Taxon classification Animalia Zoantharia Hydrozoanthidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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13.
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<taxonomicName authority="Lwowsky, 1913) sensu Di Camillo et al. (2010" authorityYear="2010" class="Anthozoa" family="Hydrozoanthidae" genus="Hydrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrozoanthus gracilis" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">Hydrozoanthus gracilis (Lwowsky, 1913) sensu Di Camillo et al. (2010)</taxonomicName>
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Figures 12A, B, 13
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Specimens examined</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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(n=3). RMNH Coel 40692,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Snellius–II">Snellius-II</normalizedToken>
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Expedition station 4.098, East Komodo, Komodo (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-8.498334">08°29'54"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="119.634995">119°38'06"E</geoCoordinate>
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), depth = 75 m, collected on September 19, 1984 by rectangular dredge; RMNH Coel. 40518,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Snellius–II">Snellius-II</normalizedToken>
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Expedition station 4.022, north Pulau Mai, Maisel Islands, Banda Sea (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-5.483333">05°29'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="127.53333">127°32'E</geoCoordinate>
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), depth = 0 to 1.5 m, collected on September 7, 1984; RMNH Coel 3816, Snellius Expedition, Sipankat Island, near Siburu Island, Sulu Islands, Philippines, collected on September 10-14, 1929.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="photographic records">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Photographic records</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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(n=5). Southwest Nusa Penida, eastern Bali (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-8.816667">08°49'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="115.566666">115°34"E</geoCoordinate>
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), May 25, 1998; Desa Ped, Nusa Penida, Lombok Strait, east Bali (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-8.674445">08°40'28"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.513885">115°30'50"E</geoCoordinate>
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), May 25, 1998; east Tanjung Taal, Nusa Lembongan, Lombok Strait, east Bali (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="-8.659166">08°39'33"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="115.44361">115°26'37"E</geoCoordinate>
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), May 24, 1998; Fauna Malesiana Maluku Expedition station MAL.21, west of Lilibooi, north coast Ambon Bay, Ambon, Moluccas (
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<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.7333333">03°44'S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="128.03334">128°02'E</geoCoordinate>
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), November 20, 1996; East Kalimantan Program station BER.16, northeast Pulau Maratua, East Kalimantan, Berau Islands (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="2.2913888">02°17'29"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="118.59139">118°35'29"E</geoCoordinate>
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), October 10, 2003.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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As originally and previously described (
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<bibRefCitation author="Di Camillo, CG" journalOrPublisher="Italian Journal of Zoology" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="81 - 91" title="Association between Dentithecahabereri (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) and two zoanthids." url="10.1080/11250000902740962" volume="77" year="2010">Di Camillo et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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), this azooxanthellate, colonial species is found as an epibiont on hydrozoans, particularly
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<taxonomicName class="Hydrozoa" family="Plumulariidae" genus="Plumularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plumularia habereri" order="Leptothecata" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="habereri">Plumularia habereri</taxonomicName>
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Stechow, 1909. In this study, this species consists of only one morphotype, with a gray to brown scapus, and reddish-brown oral disk and tentacles (Figure 12B). The appearance matches well with the morphotype of the species observed by
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<bibRefCitation author="Di Camillo, CG" journalOrPublisher="Italian Journal of Zoology" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="81 - 91" title="Association between Dentithecahabereri (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) and two zoanthids." url="10.1080/11250000902740962" volume="77" year="2010">Di Camillo et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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Figure 12. Images of
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Hydrozoanthidae" genus="Hydrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Hydrozoanthus</taxonomicName>
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species from photographic records in this study. A
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Hydrozoanthidae" genus="Hydrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrozoanthus gracilis" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">Hydrozoanthus gracilis</taxonomicName>
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from Fauna Malesiana Maluku Expedition, station MAL.21, west of Lilibooi, north coast Ambon Bay, Ambon, Moluccas, November 20, 1996 B
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Hydrozoanthidae" genus="Hydrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrozoanthus gracilis" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">Hydrozoanthus gracilis</taxonomicName>
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at Southwest Nusa Penida, east Bali, May 25, 1998 C
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Hydrozoanthidae" genus="Hydrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Hydrozoanthus</taxonomicName>
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sp. 1 at Balicasag Island, Cebu Strait, Philippines, November 21, 1999; and D
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Hydrozoanthidae" genus="Hydrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Hydrozoanthus</taxonomicName>
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sp. 2 at East Kalimantan Program station BER.20, Tanjung Pandan shoal, Southwest of Pulau Panjang, East Kalimantan, Berau Islands, October 22, 2003.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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In this study, measurements are only available for two specimens, with polyps averaging 2.4 mm in height and 2.1 mm in width. These data also fit well with
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<bibRefCitation author="Di Camillo, CG" journalOrPublisher="Italian Journal of Zoology" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="81 - 91" title="Association between Dentithecahabereri (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) and two zoanthids." url="10.1080/11250000902740962" volume="77" year="2010">Di Camillo et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
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, who mention polyp heights of 2-5 mm, widths of 1.6 to 3 mm, with 32 tentacles and mesenteries.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Regions recorded in this study (Figure 13). East Bali (5), Komodo Island (8), Maisel Islands (13), Moluccas (14), Berau Islands (19), Sulu Islands (20).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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Figure 13. Distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Hydrozoanthidae" genus="Hydrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Hydrozoanthus</taxonomicName>
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species from specimens and photographic records from this study.
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Hydrozoanthidae" genus="Hydrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrozoanthus gracilis" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="gracilis">Hydrozoanthus gracilis</taxonomicName>
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specimens in red,
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Hydrozoanthidae" genus="Hydrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Hydrozoanthus</taxonomicName>
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sp. 1 in green, and
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<taxonomicName class="Anthozoa" family="Hydrozoanthidae" genus="Hydrozoanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hydrozoanthus" order="Zoantharia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">Hydrozoanthus</taxonomicName>
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sp. 2 in blue. Region numbers correspond to locations given in
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<normalizedToken originalValue="species’">species'</normalizedToken>
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information. Boxes indicate presence of specimens (with or without photographic records), while circles indicate only photographic records. Overlapping symbols indicate the same region.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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Previous records. Originally reported from Sagami Bay, Japan (
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<bibRefCitation author="Lwowsky, FF" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbuecher, Abteilung fuer Systematik, Oekologie und Geographie der Tiere" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="557 - 614" title="Revision der Gattung Sidisia Gray (Epizoanthus auct.). Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Zoanthiden." volume="34" year="1913">Lwowsky 1913</bibRefCitation>
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), and subsequently reported from Taiwan (
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<bibRefCitation author="Reimer, JD" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Studies" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="363 - 371" title="Shallow water brachycnemic zoanthids (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia) from Taiwan: a preliminary survey." volume="50" year="2011 c">Reimer et al. 2011c</bibRefCitation>
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), New Caledonia (
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<bibRefCitation author="Sinniger, F" editor="Payri, C" journalOrPublisher="IRD Editions, Noumea" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="127 - 128" title="Zoanthids of New Caledonia." volumeTitle="Compendium of marine species from New Caledonia" year="2006">Sinniger 2006</bibRefCitation>
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), and Indonesia (
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<bibRefCitation author="Sinniger, F" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1121 - 1128" title="Phylogeny of the order Zoantharia (Anthozoa, Hexacorallia) based on the mitochondrial ribosomal genes." url="10.1007/s00227-005-0016-3" volume="147" year="2005">Sinniger et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation author="Di Camillo, CG" journalOrPublisher="Italian Journal of Zoology" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" pagination="81 - 91" title="Association between Dentithecahabereri (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) and two zoanthids." url="10.1080/11250000902740962" volume="77" year="2010">Di Camillo et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
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). It appears this species has an Indo-West Pacific distribution.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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This morphotype differs from the other known morphotype of the species (sensu
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<bibRefCitation author="Carlgren, O" journalOrPublisher="Arkiv foer Zoologi" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="1 - 11" title="Ueber einige ostasiatische Zoantharien." volume="28" year="1934">Carlgren 1934</bibRefCitation>
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) associated with this binomen, which is yellow in coloration. The original description of the species from Sagami Bay, Japan by
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<bibRefCitation author="Lwowsky, FF" journalOrPublisher="Zoologische Jahrbuecher, Abteilung fuer Systematik, Oekologie und Geographie der Tiere" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="557 - 614" title="Revision der Gattung Sidisia Gray (Epizoanthus auct.). Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Zoanthiden." volume="34" year="1913">Lwowsky (1913)</bibRefCitation>
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was of a "gray, sandy" morphotype, but this was preserved in formalin, and thus could be either morphotype discussed here, or even a different one altogether. Phylogenetic analyses have shown subtle differences of sequences of specimens within this species (
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<bibRefCitation author="Sinniger, F" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Science" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="1253 - 1260" title="Potential of DNA sequences to identify zoanthids (Cnidaria: Zoantharia)." url="10.2108/zsj.25.1253" volume="25" year="2008">Sinniger et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
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), indicating that taxonomic revision may be needed in the future for this species group.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |