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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1091.78986" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c7d745cb-f0b3-43e7-b541-8107ba4d9941" ID-PMC="PMC9005470" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1091-57" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BE91F5636B7C53138A1ACDB7B85AAA6A" ID-PubMed="35586019" ID-ZooBank="9A83F1CA292E41FCA3217B4719C51E7B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1091-57" checkinTime="1648741034311" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Guo, Xiao-Jiang, Cheng, Rui, Jiang, Shan, Xue, Da-Yong &amp; Han, Hong-Xiang" docDate="2022" docId="5F1DEDABBC165C0CA28ECF9BB7AA6BFC" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1091: 57-98" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1091" docPubDate="2022-03-31" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1091.78986" docTitle="Ditrigona sinespina Jiang &amp; Han 2022, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="B95C0171-9D11-419C-B668-371D07B000E3" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="BE91F5636B7C53138A1ACDB7B85AAA6A" lastPageNumber="57" masterDocId="BE91F5636B7C53138A1ACDB7B85AAA6A" masterDocTitle="Four new species of Ditrigona Moore (Lepidoptera, Drepanidae) in China and an annotated catalogue" masterLastPageNumber="98" masterPageNumber="57" pageNumber="57" updateTime="1668151582051" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Four new species of Ditrigona Moore (Lepidoptera, Drepanidae) in China and an annotated catalogue</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Guo, Xiao-Jiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; College of Life Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Cheng, Rui</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Jiang, Shan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Xue, Da-Yong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Han, Hong-Xiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">hanhx@ioz.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-03-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1091</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>57</mods:start>
<mods:end>98</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1091.78986</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1091.78986</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1091-57</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9A83F1CA292E41FCA3217B4719C51E7B</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">BE91F5636B7C53138A1ACDB7B85AAA6A</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="194317779" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B95C0171-9D11-419C-B668-371D07B000E3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5F1DEDABBC165C0CA28ECF9BB7AA6BFC" lastPageNumber="57" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
19.
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/B95C0171-9D11-419C-B668-371D07B000E3" authority="Jiang &amp; Han" authorityName="Jiang &amp; Han" authorityYear="2022" class="Insecta" family="Drepanidae" genus="Ditrigona" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ditrigona sinespina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinespina" status="sp. nov.">Ditrigona sinespina Jiang &amp; Han</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="57">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 127" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 27. Adults of Ditrigona 1 D. derocina, male 2 D. diana, male 3 D. crystalla, holotype, male 4 D. spilota, male, ZFMK 5 D. furvicosta, male 6 D. jardanaria, male 7 D. media, paratype, male, ZFMK 8 D. sericea, male 9 D. sericea, male (Auzatella pentesticha Chu &amp; Wang, allotype) 10 D. pentesticha, holotype, female 11 D. q. erminea, holotype, male, ZFMK 12 D. q. spodia, holotype, male, ZFMK 13 D. q. leucophaea, holotype, male, ZFMK 14 D. obliquilinea thibetaria, male 15 D. triangularia, lectotype, male 16 D. uniuncusa, male 17 D. tenuiata, holotype, male 18 D. regularis, male 19, 20 D. sinespina sp. nov., 19 holotype, male 20 paratype, female 21, 22 D. parva sp. nov., 21 holotype, male 22 paratype, female 23 D. concava sp. nov., holotype, male 24 D. titana, holotype, male, ZFMK 25 D. pomenaria male 26 D. polyobotaria, holotype, female, ZFMK 27 D. typhodes, male. Scale bar: 1 cm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1091.78986.figures1-27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/666820" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Figs 19-20</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 6474" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figures 64 - 74. Male genitalia of Ditrigona 64 D. sinespina sp. nov., holotype 65 D. parva sp. nov., holotype 66 D. concava sp. nov., paratype 67 D. titana, ZFMK 68 D. pomenaria 69 D. typhodes 70 D. lineata lineata 71 D. artema 72 D. candida, paratype, ZFMK 73 D. chionea 74 D. fusca sp. nov., holotype. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1091.78986.figures64-74" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/666823" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 64</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 90106" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 90 - 106. Aedeagus of Ditrigona 90 D. sericea (Auzatella pentesticha Chu &amp; Wang, allotype) 91 D. quinaria erminea, ZFMK 92 D. quinaria spodia 93 D. obliquilinea thibetaria 94 D. triangularia 95 D. uniuncusa 96 D. tenuiata, holotype 97 D. regularis 98 D. sinespina sp. nov., holotype 99 D. parva sp. nov., holotype 100 D. concava sp. nov., paratype 101 D. titana, ZFMK 102 D. pomenaria 103 D. typhodes 104 D. lineata lineata 105 D. artema 106 D. candida, ZFMK. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1091.78986.figures90-106" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/666825" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 98</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 128151" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figures 128 - 151. Eighth segment of Ditrigona 128 D. uniuncusa 129 D. tenuiata, holotype 130 D. regularis 131 D. sinespina sp. nov., holotype 132 D. parva sp. nov., holotype 133 D. concava, paratype 134 D. titana, ZFMK 135 D. pomenaria 136 D. typhodes 137 D. lineata lineata 138 D. artema 139 D. candida, ZFMK 140 D. chionea 141 D. fusca, sp. nov., holotype 142 D. conflexaria micronioides 143 D. margarita 144 D. berres 145 D. chama 146 D. platytes 147 D. clavata 148 - 151 D. cirruncata 148 from Shaanxi 149 - 150 from Emei Shan, Sichuan 151 from Zhejiang." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1091.78986.figures128-151" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/666827" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 131</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 161172" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 161 - 172. Female genitalia of Ditrigona 161 D. tenuiata, paratype 162 D. regularis 163 D. sinespina sp. nov., paratype 164 D. parva sp. nov., paratype 165 D. typhodes 166 D. lineata lineata 167 D. artema 168 D. candida, paratype, ZFMK 169 D. chionea 170 D. fusca sp. nov., paratype 171 D. conflexaria micronioides 172 D. margarita. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1091.78986.figures161-172" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/666829" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">, 163</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Antennae bipectinate, with proximal rami shorter than outer rami, the longest ramus about four times diameter of antennal shaft in male; rami quite short in female, almost equal to diameter of antennal shaft. Frons flattened, width less than diameter of compound eyes; white, upper half with a narrow pale brown transverse band. Labial palpus slender, not extending beyond frons, with outside brown, inner side whitish. Vertex white, pale brown anteriorly.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Thorax</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Dorsal and ventral sides of thorax white. Tegula white. Hind tibia with two pairs of spurs in both sexes. Forewing length: ♂♀16 mm. Both fore- and hind wings white, transverse lines grey. Forewing with costa pale brown, distal half deeper. Subbasal and antemedial lines slightly bent inwards at middle and costa, the former narrower; postmedial line broad, almost straight; submarginal line double, the inner one slightly wavy and the outer one deeply wavy. Hind wing with antemedial line straight, merging into the elongate grey area along anal margin; postmedial line broader, almost straight, closing to submarginal line near anal angle, forming large pointed teeth on CuA2 and anal fold; submarginal line double, with the inner one nearly straight and only wavy near anal angle, the outer one wavy, the two lines gradually approximating towards anal margin. Anal margin less extended, possessing a quite short tail process, longer in female, with a small black patch. Fringes pale brown. Forewing underside with costa deep brown in basal half.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Abdomen</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Dorsal and ventral sides of abdomen white. Eighth tergite large, nearly quadrate, with posterior margin shallowly concave; eighth sternite concave at middle, forming two small lateral blunt processes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Male genitalia</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Uncus bifurcate over its whole length, both halves short and very narrow. Socii large, rounded. Valva small, ventral margin smoothly curved, distal and posterior margins straight, forming a blunt angle; posterior protrusion rounded. Saccus blunt and rounded. Juxta indistinctly shaped. Aedeagus very stout, terminal part narrower; cornutus a large oval spinose patch.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Female genitalia</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Papillae analis short; apophyses anteriores moderate, broad basally. Ostium bursae large; ductus bursae indiscernible; corpus bursae round, signum absent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
On the wing pattern,
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. sinespina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="sinespina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. sinespina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is close to
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tenuiata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="tenuiata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. tenuiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it can be differentiated by the larger distance between the two submarginal lines on the forewing, and the smaller tail process. Compared to
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. triangularia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="triangularia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. triangularia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. uniuncusa" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="uniuncusa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. uniuncusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the anal margin of
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. sinespina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="sinespina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. sinespina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is less extended, and the tail process is distinctly shorter than in those two species. Compared to
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. parva" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="parva">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. parva</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. and
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. concava" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="concava">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. concava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.,
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. sinespina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="sinespina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. sinespina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is larger (with forewing length 16 mm), and the tail process on the hind wing is less developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
In the male genitalia, the slender uncus is similar to that of
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tenuiata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="tenuiata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. tenuiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. concava" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="concava">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. concava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but it is longer than in
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tenuiata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="tenuiata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. tenuiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and shorter than in
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. concava" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="concava">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. concava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The straight distal margin of the valva is also different from these two species. The shape of the aedeagus, which is broad and blunt posteriorly, also can be distinguished from these two species. The eighth tergite of the male is similar to that of
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. concava" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="concava">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. concava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the eighth sternite is different: in
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. sinespina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="sinespina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. sinespina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is narrowly and deeply concave, forming two blunt protrusions, while in
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. concava" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="concava">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. concava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is widely and shallowly concave, forming two small lateral processes. The female genitalia of
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. sinespina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="sinespina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. sinespina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also similar to those of
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tenuiata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="tenuiata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. tenuiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but can be differentiated by the lack of a signum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
Holotype, ♂,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">China: Yunnan</emphasis>
(IZCAS): Yunlong, Tianchi, 2570 m, 9-12.VIII.2016, leg. Ban Xiaoshuang, slide no. Drep-1054, M33001. Paratypes:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Yunnan</emphasis>
(IZCAS), 1♂, same data as holotype, M33002, posterior part of abdomen missing; 1♂, same data as holotype, M33029; 1♀, Tengchong, Heinitang, 1824 m, 26-27.VI.2014, leg. Pan Xiaodan, slide no. Drep-1060, M33196.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">China (Yunnan).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
The species is named from the Latin words
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">sine</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">spina</emphasis>
, which refers to the lack of a signum in the female genitalia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="57" type="molecular data">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">Molecular data.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="57">
The mean intraspecific distance of
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. sinespina" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="sinespina">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. sinespina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is 1.55% (min. 0%, max. 2.24%,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">n</emphasis>
= 4). The nearest related species is
<taxonomicName family="Drepanidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. tenuiata" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="57" rank="species" species="tenuiata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="57">D. tenuiata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with genetic distance 7.16%.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>