plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity
treatments-xml/data/5E/71/0B/5E710B5F8A50FFA4D5B8B2EBFBC190BC.xml
maintenance 614d7f95b4 added 5E
2024-06-21 12:37:51 +02:00

318 lines
37 KiB
XML
Raw Permalink Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters

This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.

<document id="9F6284497A3F03B768DFDC82F637BF36" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.928.2477" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10863898" ID-ZooBank="ECEEBBD6-8A78-4E02-82F9-9246B0B61356" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1711203848148" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Villamizar, Germán &amp; Vivallo, Felipe" docDate="2024" docId="5E710B5F8A50FFA4D5B8B2EBFBC190BC" docLanguage="en" docName="EJT.2024.928.1-61.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 928 (1)" docSource="https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2477/11025" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Epicharis (Epicharitides) mesoamericana Villamizar &amp; Vivallo 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="A8D5E9FD-52B8-4AFC-886C-ECB32222C4F7" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="A24873278A4BFFBAD455B440FFA7924F" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic revision of the oil-collecting bee subgenus Epicharis (Epicharitides) Moure, 1945 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), with the description of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="61" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="28" updateTime="1711204381478" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
<mods:mods id="0557B5AB2397103700CA2B9E16C57F81" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="428CCFFDFC5EB4CB123B5AFAF8B38B7E">
<mods:title id="D15412570C20AEBC02EB827C6CC40D07">Taxonomic revision of the oil-collecting bee subgenus Epicharis (Epicharitides) Moure, 1945 (Hymenoptera: Apidae), with the description of two new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D4F6240A75B6CE4F3BA2A77CA02E43F2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7B43B7961A4651A3E9671DBEC36C2E3D">
<mods:roleTerm id="ACDAD01A4E36C4E25028C3EE54CAF755">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4DD08E0D863C229919BB42F912CE7CEF">Villamizar, Germán</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="14A7774BE09EB05BD4383AFA3CEBCD25" type="LSID">422393A1-48F5-4CD0-9D30-A312CDA9004D</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="09CBE5B4F556BCFB63103399730E7ED9">HYMN Laboratório de Hymenoptera, Departamento de Entomologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão 20940 - 040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="15FFA6FC65AAF70D7E6C391036F52A9E" type="email">germanvc91@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A27FDF5C3A668B687C9C4A39CC6F178E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="31ACF0493DDC9CE989BB1F56F7E564DA">
<mods:roleTerm id="03937B64253BEFAB21CA5C70E4C89602">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4DA5993C8AF5D36E19DBF58C4FD96CF7">Vivallo, Felipe</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="496A02A4724671F2C522660AEB546A9D" type="LSID">AC109712-1474-4B5D-897B-1EE51459E792</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="620D3AAE4A06A76BCAF15FE7D5752361">HYMN Laboratório de Hymenoptera, Departamento de Entomologia, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão 20940 - 040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="1507BE8B2B62746012FDC2C3E3EDD2ED" type="email">fvivallo@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="AE40DFE35F2AE999C57EFDDE792E3F22">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="E47A356F0ABF27ECBCF17B6A92AB07DF" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="7ED87CD343E6AF08EF9956EAC17AF64B">
<mods:title id="98CA6017B0F4BF9C470C6B7CC8E4BB97">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="CDC1D02F492B06631461BA3DB0E2D47A">
<mods:date id="92698D75BF321F0DCFCD4435348EF3D8">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="454E06109DFBBEFF1AC1B66B96FB6C60" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="0D2AE991269981550BE3B214130D8DFD">2024-03-22</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="6F49B0618BB45EC6A4690E064D3ED172" type="volume">
<mods:number id="A4B6DCAF3DBCD531EEAF29CF685DF98A">928</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="1919EA0098FDA3F8AE184E2FA0C9069A" type="issue">
<mods:number id="2A90B7A16D37CB8EB88C21C39BA4F651">1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="35D8B98584592FB50A236C21EA03CF0C" unit="page">
<mods:start id="36926258847DD56663D6BCCD9A25632A">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="C77E08D1475C3666CE3F0EA113208E22">61</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="1AF5019A07B78DEDA9BE2BA4E19D6A3D">
<mods:url id="9802C63D938652F60D9668738E902354">https://europeanjournaloftaxonomy.eu/index.php/ejt/article/download/2477/11025</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="24D8C8FC07D84E1317D7499E12FE97E2">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="CB8B048C79C2D9DD7819C8B7FE4AEF45" type="DOI">10.5852/ejt.2024.928.2477</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="52506E0455C6E65CEF7139E7EE8FA917" type="ISSN">2118-9773</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="949E2E892D864901B81846408D026EDB" type="Zenodo-Dep">10863898</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E6FAF18321B5BC09C7B10A37DA721E83" type="ZooBank">ECEEBBD6-8A78-4E02-82F9-9246B0B61356</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="5E710B5F8A50FFA4D5B8B2EBFBC190BC" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A8D5E9FD-52B8-4AFC-886C-ECB32222C4F7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5E710B5F8A50FFA4D5B8B2EBFBC190BC" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<subSubSection id="9EC2E9C28A50FFA1D5B8B2EBFB6B94A6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D667BA498A50FFA1D5B8B2EBFBE09489" blockId="27.[359,1228,1707,1804]" box="[493,1095,1707,1734]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="8D2F0D258A50FFA1D5B8B2EBFBE09489" box="[493,1095,1707,1734]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="11D8C1CA8A50FFA1D5B8B2EBFC42948A" authority="Villamizar &amp; Vivallo, 2024" authorityName="Villamizar &amp; Vivallo" authorityYear="2024" box="[493,997,1707,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epicharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mesoamericana" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Epicharitides">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A50FFA1D5B8B2EBFC42948A" bold="true" box="[493,997,1707,1734]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A50FFA1D5B8B2EBFDC59489" bold="true" box="[493,610,1707,1734]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Epicharis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A50FFA1D621B2EBFCB29489" bold="true" box="[628,789,1707,1734]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Epicharitides</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A50FFA1D773B2EBFC42948A" bold="true" box="[806,997,1707,1733]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">mesoamericana</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FF9FDB208A50FFA1D7B9B2ECFBE09489" box="[1004,1095,1708,1734]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A50FFA1D532B28EFB6B94A6" blockId="27.[359,1228,1707,1804]" box="[359,1228,1742,1769]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<uri id="A249B64B8A50FFA1D532B28EFB6B94A6" box="[359,1228,1742,1769]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="A27E809C8A50FFA1D6D0B28EFB6B94A6" box="[645,1228,1742,1769]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A8D5E9FD-52B8-4AFC-886C-ECB32222C4F7</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EC2E9C28A50FFA1D68AB2B2FCF39543" box="[735,852,1778,1804]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
<paragraph id="D667BA498A50FFA1D68AB2B2FCF39543" blockId="27.[359,1228,1707,1804]" box="[735,852,1778,1804]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<figureCitation id="4EE3A6CC8A50FFA1D68AB2B2FC8D9543" box="[735,810,1778,1804]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1447,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-225@28.[189,1398,1447,1915]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 6. Epicharis (Epicharitides) mesoamericana sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (Mama Noots, Stann Creek, Belize; AMNH). A. Head, frontal view. B. Habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10863912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10863912/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4EE3A6CC8A50FFA1D762B2B2FCF39543" box="[823,852,1778,1804]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="46.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[218,1365,791,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-195@46.[189,1398,776,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 12. Distribution records for E. lia sp. nov., E. mesoamericana sp. nov. and E. rufescens Moure &amp; Seabra, 1959." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10863924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10863924/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">12</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EC2E9C28A50FFA6D4E8B373FE9E9381" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D667BA498A50FFA1D4E8B373FE919502" blockId="27.[189,310,1843,1869]" box="[189,310,1843,1869]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="8D2F0D258A50FFA1D4E8B373FE919502" bold="true" box="[189,310,1843,1869]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="3">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A50FFA1D4E8B373FE919502" bold="true" box="[189,310,1843,1869]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A50FFA1D4BFB335FEF695C0" blockId="27.[188,1398,1909,2006]" box="[234,337,1909,1935]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A50FFA1D4BFB335FEF695C0" bold="true" box="[234,337,1909,1935]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Females</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A50FFA6D4E8B3D8FE369326" blockId="27.[188,1398,1909,2006]" lastBlockId="28.[189,1399,265,361]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Pubescence of head and mesosoma predominantly black with few whitish hairs on paraocular area, gena and propodeum; face without or with poorly developed yellow maculae on labrum and lower paraocular area; malar area reduced; yellow maculae on mesoscutellum as two elliptical spots; metasoma with orange pubescence and distinct stripe-like yellow maculae throughout discs of T2–T5; tegula and wing veins dark brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4BFB5D1FE8D93E4" blockId="28.[189,313,401,462]" box="[234,298,401,427]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D4BFB5D1FE8D93E4" bold="true" box="[234,298,401,427]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4E8B5F4FE9E9381" blockId="28.[189,313,401,462]" box="[189,313,436,462]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EC2E9C28A57FFA6D4E8B5B6FBAB9070" box="[189,1036,502,575]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4E8B5B6FEE3905F" blockId="28.[189,324,502,528]" box="[189,324,502,528]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="8D2F0D258A57FFA6D4E8B5B6FEE3905F" bold="true" box="[189,324,502,528]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D4E8B5B6FEE3905F" bold="true" box="[189,324,502,528]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Etymology</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4E8B664FBAB9070" blockId="28.[189,1036,548,575]" box="[189,1036,548,575]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">The specific epithet refers to the subcontinent where this species occurs.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EC2E9C28A57FFA6D4E8B626FEB99119" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4E8B626FECB9030" blockId="28.[189,364,613,640]" box="[189,364,613,640]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="8D2F0D258A57FFA6D4E8B626FECB9030" bold="true" box="[189,364,613,640]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D4E8B626FECB9030" bold="true" box="[189,364,613,640]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Type material</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4BFB6D4FEFB90E1" blockId="28.[189,1354,660,722]" box="[234,348,660,686]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D4BFB6D4FEFB90E1" bold="true" box="[234,348,660,686]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<typeStatus id="096304EB8A57FFA6D4BFB6D4FEFB90E1" box="[234,348,660,686]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4E8B6F8FAED909E" blockId="28.[189,1354,660,722]" box="[189,1354,695,722]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="66B0B0148A57FFA6D4E8B6F8FAED909E" box="[189,1354,695,722]" collectingDate="2009-05-01" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="J. S. Ascher" country="Belize" location="Middlesex" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Belize" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="AECFFAD98A57FFA6D4E8B6F8FE85909D" box="[189,290,696,722]" name="Belize" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BELIZE</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="C0DE71C08A57FFA6D56EB6F8FEF5909D" box="[315,338,696,722]" count="1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
; “
<collectingRegion id="141C74AB8A57FFA6D539B6F7FE1A909E" box="[364,445,695,721]" country="Belize" name="Belize" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Belize</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingRegion id="141C74AB8A57FFA6D59DB6F7FD3C909E" box="[456,667,695,721]" country="Belize" name="Stann Creek" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Stann Creek Dist.</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="112017AC8A57FFA6D6F3B6F7FD46909E" box="[678,737,695,721]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
W of
<location id="D307EC928A57FFA6D77EB6F7FC00909E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5E710B5F8A50FFA4D5B8B2EBFBC190BC:D307EC928A57FFA6D77EB6F7FC00909E" box="[811,935,695,721]" country="Belize" name="Middlesex" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Belize">Middlesex</location>
<date id="A2669C898A57FFA6D7FBB6F7FB98909E" box="[942,1087,695,722]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2009-05-01">
<collectingDate id="B22265618A57FFA6D7FBB6F7FB98909E" box="[942,1087,695,722]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2009-05-01">1 May 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B2DDF9F8A57FFA6D01FB6F7FB73909E" box="[1098,1236,695,721]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">J.S. Ascher</collectorName>
”;
<collectionCode id="B0C9228C8A57FFA6D0BDB6F7FAE1909E" box="[1256,1350,695,721]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">AMNH</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4BFB6B8FEC0915D" blockId="28.[189,1398,760,854]" box="[234,359,760,786]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D4BFB6B8FEC0915D" bold="true" box="[234,359,760,786]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<typeStatus id="096304EB8A57FFA6D4BFB6B8FEC0915D" box="[234,359,760,786]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4E8B75AFEB99119" blockId="28.[189,1398,760,854]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="66B0B0148A57FFA6D4E8B75AFEBC9119" collectingDate="2009-05-02" collectionCode="AMNH" collectorName="J. S. Ascher" country="Belize" location="Belize" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Belize" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingCountry id="AECFFAD98A57FFA6D4E8B75AFE85917B" box="[189,290,794,820]" name="Belize" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BELIZE</collectingCountry>
•
<specimenCount id="C0DE71C08A57FFA6D568B75AFE27917B" box="[317,384,794,820]" count="2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="female">2 ♀♀</specimenCount>
; “
<collectingRegion id="141C74AB8A57FFA6D5CEB75AFE4B917B" box="[411,492,794,820]" country="Belize" name="Belize" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Belize</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingRegion id="141C74AB8A57FFA6D5ADB75AFD6B917B" box="[504,716,794,820]" country="Belize" name="Stann Creek" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Stann Creek Dist.</collectingRegion>
, Mama Noots Backabush Res.
<date id="A2669C898A57FFA6D06BB75AFB76917B" box="[1086,1233,794,820]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2009-05-02">
<collectingDate id="B22265618A57FFA6D06BB75AFB76917B" box="[1086,1233,794,820]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2009-05-02">2 May 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="7B2DDF9F8A57FFA6D088B75AFAC0917B" box="[1245,1383,794,820]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">J.S. Ascher</collectorName>
”;
<collectionCode id="B0C9228C8A57FFA6D4E8B77CFEBC9119" box="[189,283,828,854]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">AMNH</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EC2E9C28A57FFA7D4E8B73CFED397B3" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="description">
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4E8B73CFEE991D9" blockId="28.[189,334,892,918]" box="[189,334,892,918]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<heading id="8D2F0D258A57FFA6D4E8B73CFEE991D9" bold="true" box="[189,334,892,918]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="3">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D4E8B73CFEE991D9" bold="true" box="[189,334,892,918]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Description</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4BFB7EBFDEA918A" blockId="28.[189,1398,938,1034]" box="[234,589,938,965]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D4BFB7EBFE10918B" bold="true" box="[234,439,938,965]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<typeStatus id="096304EB8A57FFA6D4BFB7EBFEFB918A" box="[234,348,939,965]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="4EE3A6CC8A57FFA6D592B7EBFDE1918A" box="[455,582,939,965]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="28.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,1447,1915]" captionTargetId="figure-225@28.[189,1398,1447,1915]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="Fig. 6. Epicharis (Epicharitides) mesoamericana sp. nov., holotype, ♀ (Mama Noots, Stann Creek, Belize; AMNH). A. Head, frontal view. B. Habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10863912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10863912/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 6A–B</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4E8B78DFDEA9646" blockId="28.[189,1398,938,1034]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<smallCapsWord id="D0812C958A57FFA6D4E8B78DFEC991AA" baselines="992,992" box="[189,366,973,999]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Measurements" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MEASUREMENTS</smallCapsWord>
. Approximate body length: 15.0. Head width: 4.8. Mesosoma width: 5.0. Metasoma width: 5.2. Forewing length: 11.2.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4E8B06FFE379759" blockId="28.[187,1400,1071,1302]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<smallCapsWord id="D0812C958A57FFA6D4E8B06FFEEF9607" baselines="1090,1091" box="[189,328,1071,1097]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Coloration" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">COLORATION</smallCapsWord>
. Head and mesosoma black, labrum and legs brown to dark brown, and metasoma orange. Integument reddish brown on ventral surface of flagellomeres except base of T1 and tarsus. Yellow maculation as follows: faint spot on corner of lower paraocular area; faint longitudinal line on disc of clypeus and supraclypeal area; at basal half of labrum, emarginated on medial area; two distinct elliptical spots (leaf shaped) on mesoscutellum, interrupted medially and towards anterior margin; irregular width stripes along T2–T5, narrower on medial area. Tegula dark brown. Wings dark brown, translucent, with dark brown veins.
</paragraph>
<caption id="82A7EAC18A57FFA6D4E8B3EBFAE795A6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10863912" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10863912" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10863912/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[189,232,1963,1989]" targetBox="[189,1398,1447,1915]" targetPageId="28">
<paragraph id="D667BA498A57FFA6D4E8B3EBFAE795A6" blockId="28.[189,1398,1963,2025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D4E8B3EBFEA8958A" bold="true" box="[189,271,1963,1989]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="11D8C1CA8A57FFA6D54FB3EBFCA9958A" authority="Villamizar &amp; Vivallo, 2024" authorityName="Villamizar &amp; Vivallo" authorityYear="2024" box="[282,782,1963,1989]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epicharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mesoamericana" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Epicharitides">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D54FB3EBFE2B958A" box="[282,396,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Epicharis</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D5F4B3EBFD98958A" box="[417,575,1963,1989]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Epicharitides</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D601B3ECFCA9958A" box="[596,782,1964,1989]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">mesoamericana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FF9FDB208A57FFA6D74CB3ECFCDE9589" box="[793,889,1964,1990]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype, ♀ (Mama Noots, Stann Creek, Belize; AMNH).
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D5DDB38EFE3A95A7" bold="true" box="[392,413,1998,2024]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">A</emphasis>
. Head, frontal view.
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A57FFA6D6C1B38EFD0F95A7" bold="true" box="[660,680,1998,2024]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">B</emphasis>
. Habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: A = 1 mm; B = 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A56FFA7D4E8B54AFED3916C" blockId="29.[187,1400,265,804]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<smallCapsWord id="D0812C958A56FFA7D4E8B54AFEE1936D" baselines="285,285" box="[189,326,266,292]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Pubescence" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">PUBESCENCE</smallCapsWord>
. Largely black on head and mesosoma, with whitish hairs on paraocular areas above to alveolus, lower gena, area close to occipital carina, hypoepimeral lobe, area of mesoscutum near to tegula, metepisternum, metanotum and propodeum. Ferruginous hairs on hind tibia and basitarsus. Metasoma with predominantly orange pubescence except on maculae. Lateral sides of T1 with whitish hairs and a few blackish ones on discs of T1 and T5. Longer, decumbent, coarse and simple hairs on lateral sides of clypeus and at basal half of labrum. Long, scattered simple hairs on posterior margin of mandible and gena (2–4× OD), denser and longer on lower gena. Paraocular area and vertex with long, sparse plumose hairs, denser near to alveolus and longer towards frons and occipital area. Mesosoma with long and dense plumose hairs on dorsum and metepisternum (2–4× OD), sparser on dorsum and lateral sides of pronotum, and denser on metepisternum and propodeum. Lateral margins of pronotum, hypoepimeral lobe and anterior area of tegula with short and dense hairs (0.2–1× OD); longer, denser and thick hairs towards ventral surface of mesosoma. Anterior surface and lateral sides of T1 with plumose hairs as those on propodeum. Discs of terga covered by appressed pubescence except on maculae. Sparse and semi erected simple hairs on discs of T3–T5 (0.5–2 × OD), longer towards lateral sides and tomentose hairs on distal margin of T5. Long and dense simple hairs on apical margins of S2–S5 mainly on lateral sides.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A56FFA7D4E8B709FDF99644" blockId="29.[189,1399,841,1035]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<smallCapsWord id="D0812C958A56FFA7D4E8B709FE9F912E" baselines="860,860" box="[189,312,841,867]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Sculpture" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">SCULPTURE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="D0812C958A56FFA7D511B70EFE07912E" baselines="860" box="[324,416,846,865]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="surface" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">SURFACE</smallCapsWord>
. Clypeus and labrum areolate, stronger on lateral sides of clypeus and on apical half of labrum. Coarse and dense punctation on frons and occipital area near to occipital carina, sparser towards paraocular area and vertex (1–2 × puncture width), and finer on gena. Dorsum of mesosoma with sparse and fine punctation barely evident (1–3 × puncture width), sparser and finer on mesoscutellum and denser on metepisternum and propodeum. Metasoma weakly imbricate except smooth on maculae and on apical medial area of sterna.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A56FFA7D4E8B071FB0E9718" blockId="29.[187,1400,1073,1368]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<smallCapsWord id="D0812C958A56FFA7D4E8B071FEE59606" baselines="1092,1092" box="[189,322,1073,1099]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Structures" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">STRUCTURES</smallCapsWord>
. Head broader than long (1.2: 1). Ratio of upper and lower interocular distances: 0.8: 1. Maximum interocular distance shorter than length of compound eye (0.8: 1). Clypeus broader than long (1.7: 1) with less length than clypeocellar distance (0.8: 1). Labrum slightly longer than broad (1.2–1.1: 1). Interalveolar distance longer than alveolorbital distance (2.3: 1). Interalveolar distance shorter than alveolocellar distance (0.8: 1). Lateral ocelli at the same level of the upper supraorbital tangent. Interocellar distance equal to ocellocular distance (1: 1). Frontal carina conspicuous, extending from tip of supraclypeal carina to medial ocellus (2.8 × OD). Length of F1 longer than summed length of F2 and F3 and shorter than length of F2–F4 (0.7: 0.6: 1). Vertex at the same level of the upper supraorbital line. Clypeal carinae and epistomal suture conspicuous and well-defined. Mesoscutellum rounded in lateral view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A56FFA7D4E8B13EFED397B3" blockId="29.[188,1399,1405,1532]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<smallCapsWord id="D0812C958A56FFA7D4E8B13EFE9397D9" baselines="1425,1425" box="[189,308,1406,1432]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Variation" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">VARIATION</smallCapsWord>
. The
<typeStatus id="096304EB8A56FFA7D528B13EFE4A97D7" box="[381,493,1406,1432]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
vary from the
<typeStatus id="096304EB8A56FFA7D6F2B13DFCA997D8" box="[679,782,1405,1431]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
by having the whitish pubescence more developed on the vertex and on the ventral surfaces of the mesepisternum and the metepisternum, by the faint macula on the labrum, nearly absent in some specimens, and by the irregular shape of the macula on the mesoscutellum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EC2E9C28A56FFA7D4E8B262FD2294B8" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D667BA498A56FFA7D4E8B262FEFA9473" blockId="29.[189,349,1570,1596]" box="[189,349,1570,1596]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="8D2F0D258A56FFA7D4E8B262FEFA9473" bold="true" box="[189,349,1570,1596]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A56FFA7D4E8B262FEFA9473" bold="true" box="[189,349,1570,1596]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Type locality</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A56FFA7D4E8B20FFB859426" blockId="29.[189,1058,1615,1641]" box="[189,1058,1615,1641]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A56FFA7D4E8B20FFE469426" bold="true" box="[189,481,1615,1641]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<collectingCountry id="AECFFAD98A56FFA7D4E8B20FFE889426" box="[189,303,1615,1641]" name="Belize" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">BELIZE</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="141C74AB8A56FFA7D56EB20FFE7B9426" box="[315,476,1615,1641]" country="Belize" name="Stann Creek" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Stann Creek</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
Middlesex, Mayflower Bocawina National Park.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A56FFA7D4E8B2CEFE6394E6" blockId="29.[189,452,1678,1705]" box="[189,452,1678,1705]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A56FFA7D4E8B2CEFEF194E7" bold="true" box="[189,342,1678,1704]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="4EE3A6CC8A56FFA7D533B2CFFE1C94E6" box="[358,443,1679,1705]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="46.[189,232,1963,1989]" captionTargetBox="[218,1365,791,1904]" captionTargetId="figure-195@46.[189,1398,776,1920]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="Fig. 12. Distribution records for E. lia sp. nov., E. mesoamericana sp. nov. and E. rufescens Moure &amp; Seabra, 1959." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10863924" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10863924/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A56FFA7D4E8B2FCFD2294B8" blockId="29.[189,1399,1724,1783]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
Along with the
<typeStatus id="096304EB8A56FFA7D52CB2FCFE0B9499" box="[377,428,1724,1750]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
locality, this new species was also recorded at Texas A&amp;M Soltis Center, Volcán Arenal,
<collectingRegion id="141C74AB8A56FFA7D549B29DFE5694B8" box="[284,497,1757,1783]" country="Costa Rica" name="Alajuela" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Alajuela Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="AECFFAD98A56FFA7D5A8B29DFD2694B8" box="[509,641,1757,1783]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9EC2E9C28A56FFA4D4E8B35EFBC190BC" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="D667BA498A56FFA7D4E8B35EFEE39577" blockId="29.[189,324,1822,1848]" box="[189,324,1822,1848]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<heading id="8D2F0D258A56FFA7D4E8B35EFEE39577" bold="true" box="[189,324,1822,1848]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A56FFA7D4E8B35EFEE39577" bold="true" box="[189,324,1822,1848]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Comments</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A56FFA4D4E8B30BFECC930B" blockId="29.[189,1398,1867,1961]" lastBlockId="30.[189,1398,265,324]" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
The combination of orange pubescence and maculae on terga differentiates this species from any other in the subgenus. The macula on mesoscutellum in
<taxonomicName id="11D8C1CA8A56FFA7D740B32DFC4895C9" authority="Villamizar &amp; Vivallo, 2024" authorityName="Villamizar &amp; Vivallo" authorityYear="2024" box="[789,1007,1901,1926]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epicharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mesoamericana" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A56FFA7D740B32DFC4895C9" box="[789,1007,1901,1926]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">E. mesoamericana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FF9FDB208A56FFA7D7A2B32DFBF495C8" box="[1015,1107,1901,1927]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
also covers most part of the disc, as in
<taxonomicName id="11D8C1CA8A56FFA7D531B3CFFE4495E7" box="[356,483,1934,1961]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epicharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A56FFA7D531B3CFFED195E7" box="[356,374,1935,1960]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">E</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A56FFA7D5D1B3CEFE4495E7" box="[388,483,1934,1960]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">obscura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but both species differ in the shape of the spot (macula as two elliptical spots in
<taxonomicName id="11D8C1CA8A55FFA4D489B54AFE1F936C" authorityName="Villamizar &amp; Vivallo" authorityYear="2024" box="[220,440,266,291]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epicharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mesoamericana">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A55FFA4D489B54AFE1F936C" box="[220,440,266,291]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">E. mesoamericana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; covering the disc entirely in
<taxonomicName id="11D8C1CA8A55FFA4D775B54AFC38936C" box="[800,927,265,291]" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epicharis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obscura">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A55FFA4D775B54AFC38936C" box="[800,927,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">E. obscura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, except for a narrow perpendicular line in the middle).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A55FFA4D4E8B52AFB939062" blockId="30.[188,1400,362,557]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
The distribution of the species of
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A55FFA4D632B52BFD2693CB" box="[615,641,363,388]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">E.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="11D8C1CA8A55FFA4D6C2B52AFC9293CB" authorityName="Moure" authorityYear="1945" box="[663,821,362,388]" class="Insecta" genus="Epicharitides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A55FFA4D6C2B52AFC9293CB" box="[663,821,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Epicharitides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) prior to this research was restricted to South America, with most records from
<collectingCountry id="AECFFAD98A55FFA4D606B5CCFD3C93E9" box="[595,667,396,422]" name="Brazil" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and to a lesser extent in
<collectingCountry id="AECFFAD98A55FFA4D79CB5CCFBB893E9" box="[969,1055,396,422]" name="Bolivia" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="AECFFAD98A55FFA4D009B5CDFB6C93E8" box="[1116,1227,397,423]" name="Paraguay" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
. However, the record of this new species broadens the distribution of the subgenus to Central America. The locality where this species was collected is characterized by having primarily Tropical evergreen broadleaf, lowland and hill forest ecosystems, areas also commonly found throughout Central America to northern South America (Mesoamerican and Pacific dominion sensu
<bibRefCitation id="B249C7B88A55FFA4D72FB653FB8F9062" author="Morrone J. J." box="[890,1064,531,557]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 110" refId="ref39912" refString="Morrone J. J. 2014. Biogeographical regionalisation of the Neotropical region. Zootaxa 3782: 1 - 110. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3782.1.1" type="journal article" year="2014">Morrone 2014</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D667BA498A55FFA4D4E8B612FBC190BC" blockId="30.[187,1401,594,755]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
The discovery of this species is of great relevance for the subgenus because it allows the creation of new hypotheses regarding the origin and dispersion of the lineage. Although the females exhibit the typical morphological characters found in the species belonging to
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A55FFA4D783B6D6FC4090E0" box="[982,999,662,687]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">E</emphasis>
. (
<taxonomicName id="11D8C1CA8A55FFA4D055B6D5FB3990E0" authorityName="Moure" authorityYear="1945" box="[1024,1182,661,687]" class="Insecta" genus="Epicharitides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E4AC665B8A55FFA4D055B6D5FB3990E0" box="[1024,1182,661,687]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Epicharitides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), this new species differentiates notably from the others.Additional specimens need to be examined to study the distribution range of this new species, its morphological variations and to describe the male.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
Reference in a new issue View git blame Copy permalink