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<document id="F5579289A14747D914739E9C484A9168" ID-CLB-Dataset="38967" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4117.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="3b1dc30f-8bb3-402d-8155-3f0ce400fde7" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="259157" ID-ZooBank="957C0385-71CE-439A-B541-4453D148EDD1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1464674837539" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Durante, Antonio &amp; Zangrilli, Maria Paola" docDate="2016" docId="5D21CB45FF96484FFF124F81FE59FE59" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4117.2.1.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4117 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Balacra (Daphaenisca) flava Durante &amp; Zangrilli, sp.n." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageNumber="170" masterDocId="A118B33DFF87485CFF854A11FFF0FFF4" masterDocTitle="Review of subgenus Daphaenisca Kiriakoff, 1953 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Synthomini: Thyretina), with identification keys, and description of three new species" masterLastPageNumber="171" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="168" updateTime="1698662653568" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="574AA1593146AB02662FF87E1AEC9D9C">Review of subgenus Daphaenisca Kiriakoff, 1953 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae: Synthomini: Thyretina), with identification keys, and description of three new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="9FD1FEBFF5EA33569686C9EBABD28F5A">Durante, Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B1436486D4CE09249B90AC000D7B2DFF">Zangrilli, Maria Paola</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="41E79A6A5E25BE77BB889740648513D1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="3BB16BE3FB5459AFF11141C38559372F">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="5D21CB45FF96484FFF124F81FE59FE59" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5621337" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120733419" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5621337" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5D21CB45FF96484FFF124F81FE59FE59" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5D21CB45FF96484FFF124F81FE59FE59" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<subSubSection id="9D9229D8FF96484DFF124F81FED3FA38" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF96484DFF124F81FCCAFA5E" blockId="17.[151,826,1424,1484]" box="[151,826,1424,1450]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<heading id="8E7FCD3FFF96484DFF124F81FCCAFA5E" bold="true" box="[151,826,1424,1450]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" reason="1">
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF96484DFF124F81FCCAFA5E" bold="true" box="[151,826,1424,1450]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<taxonomicName id="128801D0FF96484DFF124F81FD08FA5E" authority="Durante &amp; Zangrilli" authorityName="Durante &amp; Zangrilli" box="[151,760,1424,1450]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Balacra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Daphaenisca">
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF96484DFF124F81FF07FA5E" bold="true" box="[151,247,1424,1450]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Balacra</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF96484DFE8D4F81FE56FA5E" bold="true" box="[264,422,1424,1450]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Daphaenisca</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF96484DFE324F81FE04FA5E" bold="true" box="[439,500,1424,1450]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">flava</emphasis>
Durante &amp; Zangrilli
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FCCF1B3AFF96484DFD7A4F81FCCAFA5E" box="[767,826,1424,1450]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF96484DFF124FA2FED3FA38" blockId="17.[151,826,1424,1484]" box="[151,291,1459,1484]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
(
<figureCitation id="4DB366D6FF96484DFF1A4FA2FF02FA3F" box="[159,242,1459,1484]" captionStart="FIGURES 16 – 19" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1921,1944]" captionTargetBox="[208,1396,232,1865]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[179,1416,213,1885]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 16 – 19. Adults of Balacra (Daphaenisca) sp. Fig. 16. Holotype male of Balacra inexpectata sp. n.: upperside (left) and underside (right). Fig. 17. Paratype female of Balacra inexpectata sp. n.: upperside (left) and underside (right). Fig. 18. Paratype male of Balacra magnoloi sp. n.: upperside (left) and underside (right). Fig. 19. Holotype female of Balacra flava sp. n.: upperside (left) and underside (right)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259162/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="4DB366D6FF96484DFF784FA2FEEAFA38" box="[253,282,1459,1484]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1737,1759]" captionTargetBox="[369,1222,545,1700]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[359,1227,533,1716]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 26. Genitalia of Balacra flava sp. n. ♀ Gold Coast [Ghana], Aburi, 1912 - 1913, W. H. Patterson, G. sl. Arct. 5851 BMNH. A) genitalia in dorsal view; B) Corpus bursae enlarged showing granicula (circle); C) lamella postvaginalis (arrows); D) dorsal pheromone glands (arrows); E) ventral pheromone glands (arrows). cb, corpus bursae; dg, dorsal pheromone glands; gr, granicula; lp, lamella postvaginalis; vg, ventral pheromone glands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259168/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">26</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9D9229D8FF96484DFF124FEAFA9BF9E0" box="[151,1387,1531,1556]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF96484DFF124FEAFA9BF9E0" blockId="17.[151,1437,1531,2024]" box="[151,1387,1531,1556]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<typeStatus id="0A33C4F1FF96484DFF124FEAFEF3F9E0" box="[151,259,1531,1556]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
. ♀ Aburi,
<collectingCountry id="AD9F3AC3FF96484DFEFD4FEAFE07F9E7" box="[376,503,1531,1556]" name="Ghana" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Gold Coast</collectingCountry>
[
<collectingCountry id="AD9F3AC3FF96484DFD804FEAFDA4F9E0" box="[517,596,1531,1556]" name="Ghana" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Ghana</collectingCountry>
]
<date id="A1365C93FF96484DFDE44FEAFD2EF9E7" box="[609,734,1531,1555]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" value="1912" valueMax="1913">1912-1913</date>
. W.H. Patterson. G. sl. Arct. 5851
<collectionCode id="B399E296FF96484DFBDB4FEDFB46F9E7" box="[1118,1206,1532,1555]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">BMNH</collectionCode>
. In
<collectionCode id="B399E296FF96484DFB5B4FEDFAC2F9E7" box="[1246,1330,1532,1555]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">BMNH</collectionCode>
coll.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9D9229D8FF96484DFF424C0EFE40F9CC" box="[199,432,1567,1592]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF96484DFF424C0EFE40F9CC" blockId="17.[151,1437,1531,2024]" box="[199,432,1567,1592]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF96484DFF424C0EFE90F9CC" bold="true" box="[199,352,1567,1592]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="AD9F3AC3FF96484DFEE24C0EFE40F9CC" box="[359,432,1567,1592]" name="Ghana" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Ghana</collectingCountry>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9D9229D8FF96484FFF424C52FF26FE91" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="170" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF96484DFF424C52FD8EF974" blockId="17.[151,1437,1531,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF96484DFF424C52FEB1F9A8" bold="true" box="[199,321,1603,1628]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Easily distinguishable from the other species of the subgenus
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF96484DFC704C52FB79F9AF" box="[1013,1161,1603,1627]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Daphaenisca</emphasis>
by the yellow basal area of the forewings and the yellow hindwings.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF96484DFF424C9AFB14F8E4" blockId="17.[151,1437,1531,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF96484DFF424C9AFEDDF950" bold="true" box="[199,301,1675,1700]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Habitus.</emphasis>
♀. Forewing length
<quantity id="1270D7B6FF96484DFDA34C9AFD8CF956" box="[550,636,1675,1699]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="168" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
; upperside ground colour grey-brown. Continuous subcostal red line ending before apex. Red suffusion on anterior half of wings. Yellow strip behind discal cell from wing base up to CuA2; orange-red strip from base between anal vein and inner margin. Underside with basal and antemedian area yellow, extending distally along costa, distal half of wing same colour as upperside ground colour.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF96484DFF424D0AFF15F888" blockId="17.[151,1437,1531,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Hindwings elongated, upperside ground colour yellow with some orange-red suffusion, bordered by greybrown. Small orange-red patch at base on first anal space. Underside as upperside with grey-brown dot at distal end of cell.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF96484DFF424D96FE21F854" blockId="17.[151,1437,1531,2024]" box="[199,465,1927,1952]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">All fringes grey-brown.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF96484DFF424DBAFE44F813" blockId="17.[151,1437,1531,2024]" pageId="17" pageNumber="168">Frontoclypeus yellow, greyish between antennae and yellow vertex. Labial palpi orange with yellow tips. Antennae yellow, serrate.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF95484EFF424A86FE45FEE9" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Thorax same ground colour as forewings, with four orange-red marks on mesoscutum, one central yellow mark on mesoscutellum, two more orange-red lateral marks on metathorax; patagia yellow, with anterior margin grey-brown; tegulae grey-brown with small orange-red dot anteriorly at junction with costal margin of wing. Thorax underside yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF95484EFF424B39FECAFE90" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Legs quite faded, femurs yellow with orange longitudinal bands, tibiae and tarsi yellow, praetarsi brown. Spurs formula 0-2-2.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF95484EFF424B7EFCA2FE24" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Abdomen same ground colour as forewings; one yellow dot on first, second, third and eighth tergites; first tergite with two lateral diagonal red stripes with cephalic end yellow; five red transversal bands at caudal margin from second to sixth segments. Underside of abdomen yellow.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF95484EFF424BCDFE74FE01" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,501]" box="[199,388,476,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Anal tuft yellow.</paragraph>
<caption id="81F72ADBFF95484EFF124CD8FCABF8CF" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259168/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" targetBox="[369,1222,545,1700]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF95484EFF124CD8FCABF8CF" blockId="18.[151,1436,1737,1851]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF95484EFF124CD8FEEAF92A" bold="true" box="[151,282,1737,1759]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">FIGURE 26</emphasis>
. Genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="128801D0FF95484EFE2E4CD8FDC7F92B" box="[427,567,1737,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Balacra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF95484EFE2E4CD8FDC7F92B" box="[427,567,1737,1759]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Balacra flava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="FCCF1B3AFF95484EFDBA4CD8FD8AF92A" box="[575,634,1737,1758]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169" rank="species">
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF95484EFDBA4CD8FD8AF92A" bold="true" box="[575,634,1737,1758]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">sp. n.</emphasis>
</taxonomicNameLabel>
♀ Gold Coast [Ghana], Aburi, 1912-1913, W. H. Patterson, G. sl. Arct. 5851 BMNH. A) genitalia in dorsal view; B) Corpus bursae enlarged showing granicula (circle); C) lamella postvaginalis (arrows); D) dorsal pheromone glands (arrows); E) ventral pheromone glands (arrows). cb, corpus bursae; dg, dorsal pheromone glands; gr, granicula; lp, lamella postvaginalis; vg, ventral pheromone glands.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF95484EFF424D79FB8BF819" blockId="18.[151,1437,1896,2029]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF95484EFF424D79FECCF875" bold="true" box="[199,316,1896,1921]" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Genitalia.</emphasis>
♀. Seventh tergum twice as long as sixth segment; seventh sternum about 50% longer than sixth. A8 about one third shorter than sixth segment. Anterior and posterior apophyses similar length, slightly shorter than papillae anales. Dorsal pheromone glands paired and sock-like, as long as papillae anales (
<figureCitation id="4DB366D6FF95484EFB4B4DA1FAD2F83D" box="[1230,1314,1968,1993]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1737,1759]" captionTargetBox="[369,1222,545,1700]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[359,1227,533,1716]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 26. Genitalia of Balacra flava sp. n. ♀ Gold Coast [Ghana], Aburi, 1912 - 1913, W. H. Patterson, G. sl. Arct. 5851 BMNH. A) genitalia in dorsal view; B) Corpus bursae enlarged showing granicula (circle); C) lamella postvaginalis (arrows); D) dorsal pheromone glands (arrows); E) ventral pheromone glands (arrows). cb, corpus bursae; dg, dorsal pheromone glands; gr, granicula; lp, lamella postvaginalis; vg, ventral pheromone glands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259168/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
D). Ventral pheromone glands unpaired, with two clubbed sacks, as long as dorsal glands (
<figureCitation id="4DB366D6FF95484EFB8C4DC5FBADF819" box="[1033,1117,2004,2029]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1737,1759]" captionTargetBox="[369,1222,545,1700]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[359,1227,533,1716]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 26. Genitalia of Balacra flava sp. n. ♀ Gold Coast [Ghana], Aburi, 1912 - 1913, W. H. Patterson, G. sl. Arct. 5851 BMNH. A) genitalia in dorsal view; B) Corpus bursae enlarged showing granicula (circle); C) lamella postvaginalis (arrows); D) dorsal pheromone glands (arrows); E) ventral pheromone glands (arrows). cb, corpus bursae; dg, dorsal pheromone glands; gr, granicula; lp, lamella postvaginalis; vg, ventral pheromone glands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259168/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="169">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
E).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF94484FFF424A86FF26FE91" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
Ostium bursae with thickened membranous edges; large Y-shaped lamella postvaginalis (
<figureCitation id="4DB366D6FF94484FFB2C4A86FB09FF44" box="[1193,1273,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1737,1759]" captionTargetBox="[369,1222,545,1700]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[359,1227,533,1716]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 26. Genitalia of Balacra flava sp. n. ♀ Gold Coast [Ghana], Aburi, 1912 - 1913, W. H. Patterson, G. sl. Arct. 5851 BMNH. A) genitalia in dorsal view; B) Corpus bursae enlarged showing granicula (circle); C) lamella postvaginalis (arrows); D) dorsal pheromone glands (arrows); E) ventral pheromone glands (arrows). cb, corpus bursae; dg, dorsal pheromone glands; gr, granicula; lp, lamella postvaginalis; vg, ventral pheromone glands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259168/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
C) and lamella antevaginalis consisting of two short longitudinal strips; ductus bursae with thick membranous very short caudal portion (antrum) connected to thick membranous ring-like structure; anterior portion weak and membranous, concealed in the thick ring; ductus seminalis membranous thin, emerging antero-ventrally from the ring-like structure. Corpus bursae pear-shaped and membranous; without signa and with group of small granicula (
<figureCitation id="4DB366D6FF94484FFAEA4B36FF46FE91" captionStart="FIGURE 26" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1737,1759]" captionTargetBox="[369,1222,545,1700]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[359,1227,533,1716]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 26. Genitalia of Balacra flava sp. n. ♀ Gold Coast [Ghana], Aburi, 1912 - 1913, W. H. Patterson, G. sl. Arct. 5851 BMNH. A) genitalia in dorsal view; B) Corpus bursae enlarged showing granicula (circle); C) lamella postvaginalis (arrows); D) dorsal pheromone glands (arrows); E) ventral pheromone glands (arrows). cb, corpus bursae; dg, dorsal pheromone glands; gr, granicula; lp, lamella postvaginalis; vg, ventral pheromone glands." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/259168/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9D9229D8FF94484FFF424B7EFE59FE59" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D5377A53FF94484FFF424B7EFE59FE59" blockId="19.[151,1436,151,429]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF94484FFF424B7EFE54FE7C" bold="true" box="[199,420,367,392]" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">Derivatio nominis.</emphasis>
The name
<taxonomicName id="128801D0FF94484FFDA54B61FDA8FE7C" box="[544,600,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Arctiidae" genus="Balacra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="170" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava">
<emphasis id="E7FCA641FF94484FFDA54B61FDA8FE7C" box="[544,600,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="170">flava</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
derives from the Latin adjective “flavus”, meaning yellow, referring to the colour of the hindwings.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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