190 lines
15 KiB
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190 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.580.8090" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e3f49ca3-3414-4e73-8991-3c9580d56b57" ID-PMC="PMC4829949" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-580-29" ID-PubMed="27110207" ID-ZBK="9EBC59EC33614DD0A5A1D563B2DE2DF9" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-580-29" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 580" ModsDocTitle="A review of unusual species of Cotesia (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with the first tergite narrowing at midlength" checkinTime="1460542644042" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gupta, Ankita, Shaw, Mark, Cardinal, Sophie & Fernandez-Triana, Jose" docDate="2016" docId="5C4FE9240DAB61A69DAE4778BFA1D955" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 580: 29-44" docOrigin="ZooKeys 580" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.580.8090" docTitle="Cotesia trabalae Gupta, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="6DEF35EA-D67F-4AF7-B50F-1ABF5A4FF28C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="37" masterDocId="182D3B727D0EBF3BFF8DB179FFCBFFBF" masterDocTitle="A review of unusual species of Cotesia (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with the first tergite narrowing at midlength" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="29" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1668162960779" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>A review of unusual species of Cotesia (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with the first tergite narrowing at midlength</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Gupta, Ankita</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Shaw, Mark</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Cardinal, Sophie</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Fernandez-Triana, Jose</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>580</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>29</mods:start>
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<mods:end>44</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.580.8090</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.580.8090</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-580-29</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZBK">9EBC59EC33614DD0A5A1D563B2DE2DF9</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">9EBC59EC33614DD0A5A1D563B2DE2DF9</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127871342" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6DEF35EA-D67F-4AF7-B50F-1ABF5A4FF28C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5C4FE9240DAB61A69DAE4778BFA1D955" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="multiple">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Taxon classification Animalia Hymenoptera Braconidae</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/6DEF35EA-D67F-4AF7-B50F-1ABF5A4FF28C" authority="Gupta" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cotesia trabalae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trabalae">Cotesia trabalae Gupta</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="33">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figs 4, 5, 6
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="type material">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
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Holotype ♀ (NBAIR), INDIA, Kerala, Kasaragod,
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="12.5013">12.5013°N</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="74.99">74.9900°E</geoCoordinate>
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, 10.xii.2013, ex: caterpillar of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Trabala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trabala vishnou" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vishnou">Trabala vishnou</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lefèbvre">Lefebvre</normalizedToken>
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), NBAIR, Code 101213, DNA Voucher−BR-2014 (NBAIR).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="33" type="specimens examined">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="33">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="33">
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Paratypes: 5 ♀ (NBAIR) [part of the same brood as holotype]; 5 ♀ (NBAIR), INDIA: Himachal Pradesh, Shimla, 30.viii.2014, ex: caterpillar of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Trabala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trabala vishnou" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vishnou">Trabala vishnou</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lefèbvre">Lefebvre</normalizedToken>
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) on
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rubus" order="Rosales" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rubus</taxonomicName>
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sp.; 3 ♀ (NBAIR), INDIA: Meghalaya, Barapani, 25.x.2014, ex: caterpillar of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Trabala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trabala vishnou" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vishnou">Trabala vishnou</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lefèbvre">Lefebvre</normalizedToken>
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) on
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<taxonomicName genus="Ricinis" lsidName="Ricinis communis" pageId="4" pageNumber="33" rank="species" species="communis">Ricinis communis</taxonomicName>
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L.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="5" pageNumber="34" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="34" start="start">Description</pageBreakToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="34">
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Female (Figs 5A, 6A). Body in lateral view: not distinctly flattened
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<normalizedToken originalValue="dorso–ventrally">dorso-ventrally</normalizedToken>
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. Body length (head to apex of metasoma): 2.43-2.66 mm to 2.73 mm. Fore wing: length: 2.42 (for body length 2.59 mm), 2.23 (for body length 2.51 mm).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="6" pageNumber="35">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="35" start="start">Color</pageBreakToken>
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. Body mostly black except for yellowish brown sternites in anterior half. Antenna color: scape, pedicel, and flagellum dark. Pro- and meso- coxae color: brown. Meta- coxa color: black. Pro- and meso- femur color: yellow. Meta- femur color: yellow, except for dark brown coloration on extreme apical tip. Metatibia and metatarsus color: yellowish brown. Tegula and humeral complex color: dark brown. Pterostig
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="36" start="start">ma</pageBreakToken>
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color: mostly brown. Fore wing veins color: partially pigmented (r, RS, 2M and (RS+M)b dark; remaining pale).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
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Head. Antenna length/body length: antenna 0.96−0.98
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as body (head to apex of metasoma).
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Ocular–ocellar">Ocular-ocellar</normalizedToken>
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line/posterior ocellus diameter: 1.5-2.03. Interocellar distance/posterior ocellus diameter: 1.82-2.23. Antennal flagellomere 2 length/width: 2.36-3.5. Antennal flagellomere 14 length/width: 1.83−1.91. Length of flagellomere 2/length of flagellomere 14: 1.59-1.9. Tarsal claws: simple. Metafemur length/width: 3.3−4.2. Metatibia inner spur length/metabasitarsus length: 0.57-0.66.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
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Mesosoma. Anteromesoscutum: mostly with deep, dense punctures (separated by less than 2.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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their maximum diameter). Mesoscutellar disc: with shallow punctures scattered all over. Number of pits in scutoscutellar sulcus: 9. Maximum height of mesoscutellum lunules/maximum height of lateral face of mesoscutellum: 0.3-0.45. Propodeum: with prominent median carina, including transverse carina extending to spiracle; as well as two partial lateral carinae on the posterior half of the propodeum (which seem to define a partial areola). Sculpture: anterior 0.3 strongly rugose (carinae mostly radiating from strong longitudinal median carina), smooth and shiny, costula present.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Wings. Length of fore wing veins r/2RS: 0.75−1.22. Length of fore wing veins 2RS/2M: 1.44-1.78. Length of fore wing veins 2M/(RS+M)b: 1.25-1.38. Pterostigma length/width: 2.52−3.0. Point of insertion of vein r in pterostigma: clearly beyond half length of pterostigma. Angle of vein r with fore wing anterior margin: clearly outwards, inclined towards fore wing apex. Shape of junction of veins r and 2RS in fore wing: distinctly angled.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
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Metasoma. Mediotergite 1 shape:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="parallel–sided">parallel-sided</normalizedToken>
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anteriorly, narrowing at midlength, slightly widened posteriorly. Mediotergite 1 width at anterior margin/width at posterior margin: 0.77−0.88. Mediotergite 1 sculpture: smooth and shiny, except for widely scattered puncture at lateral margin and more so in the posterior half. Mediotergite 2 width at posterior margin/length: 2.26-2.94. Mediotergite 2 sculpture: mostly smooth. Outer margin of hypopygium: wide, semi-transparent. Ovipositor thickness: slightly tapering apically. Ovipositor sheaths length/metatibial length: 0.16-0.17, rarely 0.21.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Male. As female.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="36" type="molecular data">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Molecular data.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">GenBank Accession numbers: KM875666, KT308157 and KT308158.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">India: Himachal Pradesh (Shimla), Kerala (Kasaragod), and Meghalaya (Barapani).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="36" type="biology/ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Biology/ecology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
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Host (Fig. 7):
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Trabala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trabala vishnou" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vishnou">Trabala vishnou</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lefèbvre">Lefebvre</normalizedToken>
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) (
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<taxonomicName family="Lasiocampidae" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" rank="family">Lasiocampidae</taxonomicName>
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) on
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<taxonomicName genus="Ricinis" lsidName="Ricinis communis" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="communis">Ricinis communis</taxonomicName>
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L. (in Meghalaya),
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rubus" order="Rosales" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rubus</taxonomicName>
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sp. (in Shimla), and one indeterminate wild plant in southern India (in Kerala).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
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Figure 7.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Lasiocampidae" genus="Trabala" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trabala vishnou" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vishnou">Trabala vishnou</taxonomicName>
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(
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Lefèbvre">Lefebvre</normalizedToken>
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): A Parasitized caterpillar (Kasaragod) B Parasitized caterpillar (Shimla) C Unparasitized caterpillar and cocoon (Shimla) D Adult (Shimla).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="36" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">The name refers to the host species.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="7" pageNumber="36" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="36">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="7" pageNumber="36">
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General body coloration remains the same for all the populations, however minor variations were noticed: (i) south Indian population (from Kasaragod) has comparatively lesser ratio of ocular-ocellar line/posterior ocellus diameter: 1.50 vs 1.89−2.03 in both north Indian populations; (ii) ratio of mediotergite 1 width at
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="37" start="start">anterior</pageBreakToken>
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margin/width at posterior margin:>1 vs <1 in both northern populations; (iii) ratio of length of fore wing veins r/2RS: 1.22 vs 0.75−1.06 in both northern populations; (iv) T3 coloration remains the same as other tergites vs T3 yellowish brown in northern populations (more yellowish in Shimla population); (v) on an average ~70 white colored cocoons laid upright on a single host vs ~125 brown colored cocoons in both northern populations.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="37">The reasons for the colour differences in the cocoons seen is not clear, but it might relate to different conditions (e.g. of humidity) pertaining at the time of their construction. The caterpillar with brown cocoons was collected from Shimla (northern India) which is humid in August while the caterpillar with white colored cocoons was collected in December from southern India (during the dry period).</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="37">
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Figure 8. Map showing distribution of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cotesia pistrinariae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pistrinariae">Cotesia pistrinariae</taxonomicName>
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(blue colored spots in Africa) and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Cotesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cotesia trabalae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="trabalae">Cotesia trabalae</taxonomicName>
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(pink colored spots in India).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |