285 lines
33 KiB
XML
285 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document ID-CLB-Dataset="24272" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47978" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a8cc42c7-e9ad-42fc-ba79-78daea513354" ID-PMC="PMC6989643" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-906-13" ID-Pensoft-UUID="33B523D44A1E5FECBC706B74B9397519" ID-PubMed="32021555" ID-ZooBank="EF6D38B4B1A3402BB7642DACCA490AC7" ModsDocID="1313-2970-906-13" checkinTime="1579803439732" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M. & Sestakova, Anna" docDate="2020" docId="5B77D112B89C52E28A80E7DE99BA7122" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 906: 13-40" docOrigin="ZooKeys 906" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47978" docTitle="Araniella mithra Zamani & Marusik & Šestáková 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="DC0D034A-4554-4C01-B641-D2C6731DE77F" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" id="33B523D44A1E5FECBC706B74B9397519" lastPageNumber="13" masterDocId="33B523D44A1E5FECBC706B74B9397519" masterDocTitle="On Araniella and Neoscona (Araneae, Araneidae) of the Caucasus, Middle East and Central Asia" masterLastPageNumber="40" masterPageNumber="13" pageNumber="13" updateTime="1732937723050" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="64412FFF091A9EC10DCA0B7F8148418B">On Araniella and Neoscona (Araneae, Araneidae) of the Caucasus, Middle East and Central Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="8134B28DDAD14A8D33F6895D711C52F7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="1ECB8E9F45687D9BBE637C7332D0A6D3">Zamani, Alireza</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="19DB417D4C82266017678B8A4E81210D">Marusik, Yuri M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="17D6B38E096EF4A4A0AA297201F93F17">Sestakova, Anna</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="7D0866357399853CDB0B7ADCADF1FBC0">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="B36AFBA56C3FCDACE2521B005CFA8674">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="43C6D18CD1EC470D614336E3F37FF22C">
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<mods:date id="CA1EFDB95025068711C5D5F2732163F0">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="702D5B0D0351E8A8BF8CC150ACD01B88" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="0694F7B2512CE27F3286468F502D047A">906</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="CBCE853B114268113B4D93DBBBA0D525">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="D122C89A328ED2A19BC796317FF71300" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.906.47978</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="5B77D112B89C52E28A80E7DE99BA7122" ID-GBIF-Taxon="161838083" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DC0D034A-4554-4C01-B641-D2C6731DE77F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5B77D112B89C52E28A80E7DE99BA7122" lastPageNumber="13" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" scope_family="Araneidae" scope_order="Araneae">
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<subSubSection id="F90435DC8E344E1797A65D067FC02BCD" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="01D12FA6500B6E5B0B430F1CAD0B40DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="76D3AFEFF182D3EF006EA497A4628FCF" ID-CoL="95FCG" LSID="5B77D112-B89C-52E2-8A80-E7DE99BA7122" authority="Zamani & Marusik & Šestáková, 2020" authorityName="Zamani & Marusik & Šestáková" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra" status="sp. nov.">Araniella mithra</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="AF475D2F4094BAAF7DCB7263674094F0" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="0E02A42DFBD332A839F4712B5B1FA685" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, C) and A. villanii sp. nov. (B, D) and abdomen of A. nigromaculata (E). A, B Males C, D females. Blue triangles point on black dots on opisthosoma. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374403" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Figs 1A, C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="7A79C2487DEF8263B67AFB21C0F80048" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male palps of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. opisthographa (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventral. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374404" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 2A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="CC0CF2932E8379A27DB42330DBAF909E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male palps of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. villanii sp. nov. (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventral. Abbreviations: Co conductor, Em embolus, Ma median apophysis, Ra radix, Ta terminal apophysis, Tr tegular ridge, Tt tip of tegulum. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374406" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 4A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="84A2E4307703F93F4EB683F1CB4C63AC" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. SEM graphs of the bulbs of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. opisthographa (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventro-retrolateral. Blue - median apophysis, green - embolus, red - terminal apophysis, violet - conductor. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374408" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 6A, B</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="2C59038EF08B87B9616E7191BB3B5EC0" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Ventral view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D). Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374409" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 7C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="1D5F56B6D11CDD34F3BED5499777E4CE" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Posterior view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C), A. opisthographa (D) and A. nigromaculata (E). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374410" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 8C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="20616828FA9D2327FA7123F436AB5367" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Anterior view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374411" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 9C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="38F8EA133F3E1C6B843DB3BFEC7103E1" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Lateral view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374412" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 10C</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="A8F571DB881AAA5938378F01E43780A3" captionStart="Figure 18" captionStartId="F18" captionText="Figure 18. Distribution records of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (blue circle), A. villanii sp. nov. (violet star), Neoscona isatis sp. nov. (green pentagon), N. spasskyi (black square), N. theisi (gray triangle, only new records) and N. tedgenica (brown asterisk)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure18" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374420" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">; 18</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="808AEA3E8C262C2E5C65C4A97A79EABF" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="089E2094AEDE05DFFC5820DC0753205D" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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<taxonomicName id="F3DA1FE56F26341A1AFA2AAC32A21091" baseAuthorityName="Kulczyński" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella proxima" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proxima">Araniella proxima</taxonomicName>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="508BF957294520C5A57D4F9264C0E803" DOI="https://doi.org/10.2476/asjaa.66.55" author="Zamani, A" journalOrPublisher="Acta Arachnologica" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" pagination="55 - 71" refId="B28" refString="Zamani, A, Mirshamsi, O, Dolejs, P, Marusik, YM, Esyunin, SL, Hula, V, Ponel, P, 2017. New data on the spider fauna of Iran (Arachnida: Araneae), Part IV. Acta Arachnologica 66 (2): 55 - 71, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2476/asjaa.66.55" title="New data on the spider fauna of Iran (Arachnida: Araneae), Part IV." url="https://doi.org/10.2476/asjaa.66.55" volume="66" year="2017">Zamani et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
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: 58 (misidentification).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="BD24D75824731F876850ED9FDBFD25DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="type material">
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<paragraph id="E4A18DD2A3EED60CAE2823DF8D83A9C6" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Type material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="D0718DDD9B7BA250B04665BD44F1DA67" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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Iran:
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<emphasis id="7697D04293D41DAED991028AA79CBA5F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Holotype</emphasis>
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♂ and
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<emphasis id="0730A94DEDDE2DAF330114EB14B445BB" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">paratypes</emphasis>
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1♂ 2♀ (MHNG), Isfahan Province: Nowgahan,
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<geoCoordinate id="26EDFAD6D76B366F6A6C6F8B7590486E" degrees="33" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="33.183334">33°11'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="42F414069B848F4BF62C98FAC5A98978" degrees="50" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="50.066666">50°04'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 22.06.1974 (A. Senglet); 1♀ (MHNG), Falavarian,
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<geoCoordinate id="082C2E4415B937C34390CB7167D1B392" degrees="32" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="32.566666">32°34'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="B2D0504C6AF28168D315397BD92EBAF0" degrees="51" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="51.516666">51°31'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 14.06.1974 (A. Senglet); 2♂12♀ (MHNG), Chaharmahal & Bakhtiari Province: Dimeh,
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<geoCoordinate id="D573FE2DD774949349035814AF662CF2" degrees="32" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="32.483334">32°29'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="E6AD44A68F78D902012EAFACAC375A3D" degrees="50" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="50.266666">50°16'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 21.06.1974 (A. Senglet); 1♂ 1♀ (MHNG), West Azarbayjan Province: Maku,
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<geoCoordinate id="D8E98281FA8D3D857DF1828812C06D53" degrees="39" direction="north" minutes="08" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="39.133335">39°08'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate id="335C9B2880CE30B9501125D78D240EF7" degrees="44" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="44.5">44°30'E</geoCoordinate>
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, 23.06.1973 (A. Senglet), 1♂ (MMUE), no label.
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</paragraph>
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<caption id="F9B6D727225828BFE06731B94FD0DF83" doi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374403" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
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<paragraph id="70425EDDCA1A2197DD81093DA2713DEA" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="26F4F30308B1BF3A1F1CBAD4391A03BB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Figure 1.</emphasis>
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Dorsal habitus of
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<taxonomicName id="D5DAD785B24897AAB869C0B9BC9461DC" authorityName="Zamani & Marusik & Šestáková" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra">
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<emphasis id="D0A745B72E793852A824977149E64E4C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Araniella mithra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (
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<emphasis id="F2BBD7B3D63759CCCD3749A2F2E02928" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A, C</emphasis>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="D96F161C9FF24E638C4712945C754A49" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. villanii" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="villanii">
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<emphasis id="03981EC6C9C32A0BC7ADF6BA35EEF06D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. villanii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (
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<emphasis id="5F420353159CB262ECA454DB385CBB88" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">B, D</emphasis>
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) and abdomen of
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<taxonomicName id="FEC7B09C856D4830FAC391C0C7A0C8A3" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. nigromaculata" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigromaculata">
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<emphasis id="FF1961C739EB1C070AF08CA8F0F41C64" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. nigromaculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="8A3B838D4A50503720E4CEE91E47ED14" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">E</emphasis>
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).
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<emphasis id="846457926F8F2508B5274F3BE2EF6B46" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A, B</emphasis>
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Males
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<emphasis id="E2C3D742703771D5ADE1EDAD261B4A94" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">C, D</emphasis>
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females. Blue triangles point on black dots on opisthosoma. Scale bars: 1 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption id="5552FE8AB8353E5F58C2673A61146B8B" doi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374404" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
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<paragraph id="607081216463218EB63B2A2885B43913" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
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<emphasis id="F7FC892BF4007AA83D80875111BB3137" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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Male palps of
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<taxonomicName id="391AF71251F40F5BA1435A7323D91C78" authorityName="Zamani & Marusik & Šestáková" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra">
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<emphasis id="3708E66309DC4BF613B78BC558741CB4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Araniella mithra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. nov. (
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<emphasis id="4F22E6117CD3D40F998399EC427FFE3D" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A, B</emphasis>
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) and
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<taxonomicName id="DC09992B342C71A602CC40D56376B2C4" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
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<emphasis id="6E0FEC32215CC738E423D1E198F722B4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<emphasis id="24E8E80A40CAC8E203E8A64404C737FE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">C, D</emphasis>
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).
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<emphasis id="D5B4819F60539D76FE7ADD86C58CD3E5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A, C</emphasis>
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Retrolateral
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<emphasis id="CDB49EC351445CCE307D5092E1C23D44" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">B, D</emphasis>
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ventral. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="0885EB91E7B18F0058FDC8D25FB701F3" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="5CD4D9C7AE09FD372F14D0EDE81104AE" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Comparative material.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="75FE2DEE24D57B42AEED6C5D380F0473" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
|
<taxonomicName id="3B7E11E751B525F265E654BE28330B77" baseAuthorityName="Kulczynski" baseAuthorityYear="1905" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" genus="Araniella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Araniella opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
|
|
<emphasis id="73AB1C4E5F6F6B2BB460CAB0D21293FC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Araniella opisthographa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
(
|
|
<normalizedToken id="DAD70F57752569CCA66491E2FB2E72FB" originalValue="Kulczyński">Kulczynski</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 1905). Finland: 1♂ (ZMUT):
|
|
<normalizedToken id="1E1CB38547BB8072227462FF3724AB7A" originalValue="Åland">Aland</normalizedToken>
|
|
Islands: Lemland,
|
|
<normalizedToken id="775E9323E68B483023238C5453312A21" originalValue="Rörstorp">Roerstorp</normalizedToken>
|
|
, 27.06.1971 (P. Lehtinen); Iran: 1♂1♀1sub♂ (ZMMU): Mazandaran Province: Barseh Vil.,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="3A6CA4092A598D41607275284E906DAF" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="36.616665">36°37'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="751A0C72428BF3F2F7BF5A15E2D6FA34" degrees="50" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="50.683334">50°41'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 10.06.2000 (Y.M. Marusik). Turkey: 1♂5♀1sub♂ (ZMMU): Kastamonu Province: Azdavay Dist.,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="442CB5FB09F60ED17B7EFC5A4A12EEAA" degrees="41" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="41.683334">41°41'N</geoCoordinate>
|
|
,
|
|
<geoCoordinate id="4F2971B74311FFFB9B2CD0A29424C2E1" degrees="33" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="33.416668">33°25'E</geoCoordinate>
|
|
, 975 m, 30.05.2009 (Y.M. Marusik).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="02C6A1600DE93768CECCAC1121C6358F" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="etymology">
|
|
<paragraph id="A9E8ACE0EA1BDB6BA730FEA3250E2293" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="CE9E4E46D782331102CD5FDFEDDED389" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">The specific epithet is a noun in apposition, and refers to Mithra, the god of light in ancient Indo-Iranian mythology.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="4DDD42B21DB71D6FA874507079D6C4BF" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="diagnosis">
|
|
<paragraph id="CDED5A9AF5AED4C5E2039A97970B6F6E" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="EDDF6446DE373A719FE9F17F62F951DF" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
|
Male palp and epigyne resemble those of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="48A90CED7C20CBBA869C7D73E51CA2C8" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
|
|
<emphasis id="4A1075AB4122F25610BBBD577EFE7A72" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
, but the two species can be differentiated by the following characters: 1) the embolus is slimmer in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="0EB9CBA170A1E6E8299698C821763A24" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra">
|
|
<emphasis id="DF3DB031B3E89DDF89E03378BAC9BAC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., vs. triangular-shaped and with a wider base in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6817A312EF45915E55D8129AEFF70D6F" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
|
|
<emphasis id="571BE085EBC34A0024235C41FA4B2B50" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; 2) the terminal apophysis in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="4E08882A240FA0E2F02C426D190F9847" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra">
|
|
<emphasis id="26940A45480876BF364E9649DEF795D2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. is almost as wide over its entire length, vs. wider near the peak in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F86064FFCA53ABEE559911C59F829FB7" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
|
|
<emphasis id="8493B04339934CEEE4B5C5294860B356" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; 3) the conductor in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="57C6A65539132803F04E9FC4F869A3AE" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra">
|
|
<emphasis id="4D0D7BC6C5DACC34EAE0EAD4AEF4E953" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. has three distinct spikes, vs. one spike and one more rounded process in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7CFFB21FA45518F9898D5DCDC825F16E" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
|
|
<emphasis id="310AACC99F0B6A27823A1A0163B387DC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; 4) the tegulum in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="6D38C702137ED151D8932529A45DD701" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra">
|
|
<emphasis id="B3B1D3445126A258E5B3418A34EE08DA" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov. is higher with a short pointed tip, vs. the slender tegulum with a longer tip in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="E351C4D68CAC438BCE81C5A55AF677A8" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
|
|
<emphasis id="745151680415F769F27050CDF7FDD036" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; 5) male carapace unicolor in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7E285E29F51364731F498D353E0EC14E" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra">
|
|
<emphasis id="456A26E252C7E51D6574351177FAED11" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., vs. presence of broad dark marginal bands in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="DBDE32BE26541E7587984899F4F702FC" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
|
|
<emphasis id="90B8851EB74A436B36492FE4497D5BF3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
; 6) epigyne with slightly longer scape, and the sclerotized bulges are rounded around the base of scape in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="22285315B8D555EF4FBD3CFA522DA447" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. mithra" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mithra">
|
|
<emphasis id="883FAC8B0BE79A908EA80680035349FD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. mithra</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
sp. nov., vs. more incised triangular bulges in
|
|
<taxonomicName id="7394ACE603217E848B969A91AE577DC6" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
|
|
<emphasis id="A44F92DAA137E81DDF288A2D5C39D91E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="EE97D23E6943551290E4F9A2AD97E541" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
|
<paragraph id="D1D3E0A9CE3C416C9776E84448395281" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Description</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="06DA00AF7FBEAEBDE2787E46FA23C759" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
|
(colors and pattern seem faded).
|
|
<emphasis id="F2A57855867EFD1CBC259F3E36E9EB88" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Male</emphasis>
|
|
(holotype). Habitus as in Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="9A2561B6B79A5CE6D425BB645B3A4A81" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, C) and A. villanii sp. nov. (B, D) and abdomen of A. nigromaculata (E). A, B Males C, D females. Blue triangles point on black dots on opisthosoma. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374403" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">1A</figureCitation>
|
|
. Total length 5.04. Carapace 2.36 long, 2.19 wide in pars thoracica, 0.91 in pars cephalica. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.09, ALE: 0.09, PME: 0.11, PLE: 0.12, AME-AME: 0.13, PME-PME: 0.12. Carapace, sternum, labium, chelicerae, and maxillae reddish brown, lighter ventrally and in pars cephalica, without any patterns. Legs the same color as the carapace. Abdomen pale (stored in alcohol, most probably green in live specimens) dorsally, dark gray ventrally, with three pairs of black lateral spots on dorsum posteriorly. Spinnerets light brown, apical segment lighter. Leg I measurements: 7.46 (2.21, 0.93, 1.75, 1.75, 0.82).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="ED0800153F01B4C75215E84E29B4EA66" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
|
Palp as in Figs
|
|
<figureCitation id="D6077486489C747350DD75D209AC8491" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Male palps of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. opisthographa (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventral. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374404" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">2A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<figureCitation id="10449BEBFBD6A8B5F11F62FD9B152B3C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Male palps of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. villanii sp. nov. (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventral. Abbreviations: Co conductor, Em embolus, Ma median apophysis, Ra radix, Ta terminal apophysis, Tr tegular ridge, Tt tip of tegulum. Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374406" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">4A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
;
|
|
<figureCitation id="68799646166AE5A00C10F130A00C2C5A" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. SEM graphs of the bulbs of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, B) and A. opisthographa (C, D). A, C Retrolateral B, D ventro-retrolateral. Blue - median apophysis, green - embolus, red - terminal apophysis, violet - conductor. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374408" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">6A, B</figureCitation>
|
|
. Tegulum with low round ridge and terminally with short pointed tip; terminal apophysis with blunt end and almost equally wide along its length; embolus pointed, sickle-shaped bent; median apophysis sickle-shaped bent upwards, covered by small denticles (less visible via stereomicroscope), with pointed tip ended near base of embolus; conductor with three distinct spikes.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="600AB5A0747BA3F1937575DB11BD4DB8" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
|
<emphasis id="1F425915BD5E7EF2D6A1755D739D12EB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Female.</emphasis>
|
|
Habitus as in Fig.
|
|
<figureCitation id="434886B43DB4587F37AF04091D2D99B9" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Dorsal habitus of Araniella mithra sp. nov. (A, C) and A. villanii sp. nov. (B, D) and abdomen of A. nigromaculata (E). A, B Males C, D females. Blue triangles point on black dots on opisthosoma. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374403" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">1C</figureCitation>
|
|
. Total length 5.65. Carapace 2.40 long, 1.87 wide in pars thoracica, 1.19 in pars cephalica. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME: 0.11, ALE: 0.12, PME: 0.12, PLE: 0.09, AME-AME: 0.14, PME-PME: 0.11. Coloration as in male, slightly lighter. Leg I measurements: 7.30 (2.08, 1.02, 1.60, 1.75, 0.85).
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="5B88ED3DB0A0C8E6574B64553FD0BDDE" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
|
Epigyne as in Figs
|
|
<figureCitation id="D9B655065B3C68CF60CEDBACE359A181" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Ventral view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D). Scale bar: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374409" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">7C</figureCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<figureCitation id="CE936D7C66A77367EB7DC175F15A6BA6" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Posterior view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C), A. opisthographa (D) and A. nigromaculata (E). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374410" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">8C</figureCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<figureCitation id="0D19530DD641F774D92FDE3CAC6B0A67" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Anterior view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374411" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">9C</figureCitation>
|
|
,
|
|
<figureCitation id="34CB1F7AD0FB4E0EB5AA4B1B9DDB0AE3" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Lateral view of epigynes of Araniella villanii sp. nov. (A), A. proxima (B), A. mithra sp. nov. (C) and A. opisthographa (D). Scale bars: 0.2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.906.47978.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/374412" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">10C</figureCitation>
|
|
. Scape longer than wide, slightly wider at its base, reaching distinctly beyond epigyne. Copulatory ducts visible through epigynal cuticle. Receptacles oval, entrance ducts touching each other. Median plate (posterior view), between lateral sclerotized copulatory bulges, round and widest in its center.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="B33454C735BDD6255D7723BD19932509" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="phenology">
|
|
<paragraph id="03E5F9659C5B04191E0B87B2F518EDBC" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Phenology.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="5572CA3BF599ACF8146E99DAF3EE3E06" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Adult males and females were collected in mid and late June.</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
<subSubSection id="4145FDA7F62A15344AD76720B8CF4237" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" type="distribution">
|
|
<paragraph id="7342B0AC59B2B2E9F8D3DFE1C07CD040" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
|
<paragraph id="F5963DCDD43AC3FB54F159950815989B" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">
|
|
Known only from the type localities in northwestern, central and southwestern Iran. It is possible that some of the previous Iranian records of
|
|
<taxonomicName id="F2919583FBE5F3473E00FCC18B5300D3" class="Arachnida" family="Araneidae" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. opisthographa" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="opisthographa">
|
|
<emphasis id="54296B6939A1D0A49A1C60AE86340197" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="13">A. opisthographa</emphasis>
|
|
</taxonomicName>
|
|
refer to this species.
|
|
</paragraph>
|
|
</subSubSection>
|
|
</treatment>
|
|
</document> |