196 lines
19 KiB
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196 lines
19 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bbfece5e-665a-4062-92ec-3fe8b059e0bd" ID-PMC="PMC3095178" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-94-1" ID-PubMed="21594074" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-94-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 94" ModsDocTitle="Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003" checkinTime="1451250463722" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Hummon, William D." docDate="2011" docId="5AE232479FDFDBADA94ED2C806385268" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 94: 1-59" docOrigin="ZooKeys 94" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794" docTitle="Macrodasys nigrocellus Hummon, 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="20" masterDocId="7D5E8574FF915668FF877704990AFFF6" masterDocTitle="Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003" masterLastPageNumber="59" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="18" updateTime="1668168971445" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Marine Gastrotricha of the Near East: 1. Fourteen new species of Macrodasyida and a redescription of Dactylopodola agadasys Hochberg, 2003</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Hummon, William D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2011</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>94</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
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<mods:end>59</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.94.794</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-94-1</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="159365034" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:522FAC42-E955-4EF9-A716-CA446B00E1C4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5AE232479FDFDBADA94ED2C806385268" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:522FAC42-E955-4EF9-A716-CA446B00E1C4" family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrodasys nigrocellus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="nigrocellus">Macrodasys nigrocellus</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="17" pageNumber="18">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Figures 89
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrodasys" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="genus">Macrodasys</taxonomicName>
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EgyF
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<bibRefCitation author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Meiofauna Marina" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 132" title="Tetranchyroderma parapapii sp. n. (Gastrotricha, Thaumastodermatidae), a North American analog to the European T. papii, with a redescription of the latter." volume="17" year="2009">Hummon (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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[E Med & Red Seas Database].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Diagnosis:</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
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Adult being described Lt 524
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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; PhJIn at U31. Head stepped, narrowing toward the mouth, with a band of circumcephalic cilia at U01-U02, pestle organs in the step at U03 and black ocelli borne just behind pestle organs at U05; trunk broader in the pharyngeal than in the fore-gut region, broadest in the mid-body region, narrowing quickly in the hind-gut region to the long caudum. Glands 8 per side. TbA 7-8 per side, in arcs that insert directly on the postoral body surface at U02-U03 and project forward to obliquely outward; TbL 14, of similar size, with 3 at U55, U64 and U73, and 12 at U80 and behind (7 along the hind-gut, and 4 behind the anal aperture); TbV 14 per side, even in size, but uneven in spacing, with 1 along the rear pharynx, 1 just behind the PhJIn and the remainder in the intestinal region from U41 to U77, mostly concentrated in the rear, and 0 behind the anus; TbP 10-11 per side symmetrically along the caudum. Locomotor ciliature: a single field lies between the TbV series from the TbA back onto the caudal base, with small bare spots surrounding the ventral openings. Mouth terminal, narrow; buccal cavity shallow, lightly cuticularized, expanding with depth; pharyngeal pores sub-basal; intestine narrows gradually front to rear; anus ventral at U84. Hermaphroditic; testes begin just before the PhJIn, vasa differentia join beneath the frontal organ; ova develop rear to front, with two large developing ova and several smaller bilaterally to the rear; frontal organ Y-shaped, its nozzle in close contact with the most developed ova, with an elongate cavity having a ventral pore lying on the left; caudal organ of medium length, its fore half appearing
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<pageBreakToken pageId="18" pageNumber="19" start="start">glandular</pageBreakToken>
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, its rear half having an internal canal and a spiral muscular covering, except for the rearmost glandular sac, the caudal organ does not overlap the frontal organ.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Description:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Adult being described Lt 524
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(another Lt 558); LPh 161
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(another LPh 230) to PhJIn at U31 (another to PhJIn at U41) (Fig. 8). Body medium in length as an adult, ventrally flattened, dorsally vaulted, robust; head stepped, narrowing toward the mouth, bearing a band of circumcephalic cilia at U01-U02, pestle organs in the step at U03 and black ocelli borne just behind pestle organs at U05 (black throughout its development from juvenile to adult); trunk broader in the pharyngeal than in the fore-gut region, broadest in the mid-body regions narrowing quickly in the hind-gut region to the long caudum. Widths at pestle organs /ocelli /PhJIn /trunk /anus /caudum, and locations along the length of the body are as follows: 41 /55 /64 /86 /34 /9-7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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at U03 /U05 /U31 /U49 /U84 /U92-U97, respectively. Glands 8 per side (5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter), distributed 3 along the pharynx and 5 along the rear half of the intestine.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Adhesive tubes: TbA 7-8 per side (L 7-9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), in arcs that insert directly on the postoral body surface at U02-U03 and project from forward to obliquely outward; TbL 14, of similar size (L 12-18
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), with 3 at U55, U64 and U73, and the other 11 at U80 and behind (7 along the hind-gut, and 4 behind the anal aperture); TbV 14 per side, even in size (L 12-15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) but uneven in spacing, with 1 along the rear pharynx, 1 just behind the PhJIn and the remainder in the intestinal region from U41 to U77, mostly concentrated in the rear, and 0 behind the anus; TbP 10-11 per side (L 12-15
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), mostly symmetrical along the caudum, 2 at the terminus and 8-9 along the sides.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Ciliation: Numerous sensory hairs (L 10-16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) occur on either side of the head; a band of cilia surrounds the forehead (L 10-12
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) at U01-U02; other sensory hairs (L 12-16
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) arise in four columns on either side of the body: lateral, lower dorsolateral, upper dorsolateral, and dorsal (in pairs), with about 32, 24, 18 and 11 per column. Ventral locomotor ciliature forms a single field that lies between the TbV series from the TbA back onto the caudal base just behind the anus, but not beneath the caudum, with small bare spots surrounding the ventral openings.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Digestive tract: Mouth terminal, narrow in width (10
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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diameter), surrounded by sharp tooth-like projections; buccal cavity shallow, lightly cuticularized, expands from oral opening to its base; pharynx has sub-basal pharyngeal pores at U24; intestine is broadest in front, narrowing to the rear and bending around the base of the caudal organ; anus is ventral at U84.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
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Reproductive tract: Hermaphroditic; testes beginning just before the PhJIn, and extending as vasa deferentia back to the rear of the frontal organ where they join ventrally; ova develop from rear to front, with several large ova seen (two at 106
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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48 and 102
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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32
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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in size) and three smaller ovules bilaterally distributed to the rear; frontal organ Y-shaped, its nozzle in close contact with the most developed ovum, with an elongate cavern with its own ventral pore lying on the left, sperm not seen internally; caudal organ of medium length, its fore half appearing glandular, its rear half having an internal canal and a spiral muscular covering, except for the rearmost glandular sac, the caudal organ does not overlap the frontal organ
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<pageBreakToken pageId="19" pageNumber="20" start="start">.</pageBreakToken>
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Figure 8.
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrodasys nigrocellus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="nigrocellus">Macrodasys nigrocellus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. dorsal and ventral views of a mature adult (Lt=300, LPh=161
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from Giftun Island SE, near Hurghada, Egypt; dorsal with pestle organs, dorsal and lateral body cilia, pattern of glands, and digestive and reproductive tracts; ventral with adhesive tubes and locomotor cilia.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Figure 9.
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrodasys" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="genus">Macrodasys</taxonomicName>
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sp.
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<bibRefCitation author="Gerlach, S" journalOrPublisher="Zoologischer Anzeiger" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="9 - 12" title="Ueber Gastrotrichen aus dem Meeressand der Malediven (Indischer Ozean)." volume="167" year="1961">Gerlach 1961</bibRefCitation>
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dorso-ventral and ventral views of the fore end of a specimen having black ocelli from Addu-Atol, the Maldive-Archipelago, Indian Ocean.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Ecology:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Occasional in frequency of occurrence (10-30% of samples), rare to scarce in abundance (fewer than 1% to 5% of a sample); littoral in very fine, medium-well sorted coralline sand, at mean low water to extreme low water, 0-15 cm depth; sublittoral in very fine to very coarse, medium well to very poorly sorted coralline sand and coral debris at 1-4 m water depth, between patches of healthy or unhealthy fringing reef.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="geographical distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Geographical distribution:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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RED SEA:EGYPT:{Wadi 'Araba [video], ^Giftun Island SE (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="27.166666">27°10'N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="33.95">33°57'E</geoCoordinate>
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) [video], Moon Valley [3-videos], 'Uyun Musa [video]}; ISRAEL: {Snuba (Eilat) [video]} INDIAN OCEAN:MALDIVES: {Addu-Atoll}
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="remarks">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Remarks:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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There are seven video sequences of
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrodasys nigrocellus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="nigrocellus">Macrodasys nigrocellus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., all from the upper Red Sea in Egypt and Israel. Four of these are available as MPEG 2 (and MPEG 1) from
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<bibRefCitation author="Hummon, WD" journalOrPublisher="Meiofauna Marina" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="121 - 132" title="Tetranchyroderma parapapii sp. n. (Gastrotricha, Thaumastodermatidae), a North American analog to the European T. papii, with a redescription of the latter." volume="17" year="2009">Hummon (2009)</bibRefCitation>
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: #1175 a mature adult of Lt=558
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=230
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from Moon Valley, near Hurghada, Egypt; #1171 a mature Lectotype adult of Lt=524
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=172
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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), collected in June 1994 from Giftun Island SE, also near Hurghada; #1178 a subadult of Lt=360
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=154
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from the Wadi 'Arabah, Gulf of Suez, Egypt; and #1886 a juvenile of Lt=209
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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(LPh=104
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<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
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) from the Snuba Dive Shop, Eilat, Israel.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Etymology:</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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Nigrocellus (Latin: niger + ocellus = meaning 'black
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<normalizedToken originalValue="eye’">eye'</normalizedToken>
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) refers to the black ocelli that it bears.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="taxonomic affinities">
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<paragraph pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Taxonomic affinities:</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="21" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrodasys nigrocellus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="nigrocellus">Macrodasys nigrocellus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. is the only species in the genus with a stepped anterior, with pestle organs in the step, black ocelli, a long tail, and
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<pageBreakToken pageId="20" pageNumber="21" start="start">a</pageBreakToken>
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PhJIn of U31-U41, which also has TbA 7-8 per side in arcs; a TbL formula of 11=0,0/7,4 (0 along the fore and rear halves of the pharynx /7 along the rear intestine and 4 behind the anus), a TbV formula of 14=0,1/13,0 (mostly aggregated to the rear); and TbP 10 per side; but without TbD. There are three species that have mitten-shaped frontal organs:
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrodasys caudatus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="caudatus">Macrodasys caudatus</taxonomicName>
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Remane, 1924 (though the specimen as originally described did not show a frontal organ),
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrodasys pacificus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="pacificus">Macrodasys pacificus</taxonomicName>
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Schmidt, 1974 and
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrodasys meristocytalis" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="meristocytalis">Macrodasys meristocytalis</taxonomicName>
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Evans, 1994, none of which has black eye spots. No species yet described in this genus has black ocelli, but
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrodasys" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="genus">Macrodasys</taxonomicName>
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sp. Gerlach (1961: p.474, Fig. 3ab) from the Maldive Islands has such ocelli, and shows some characters that are similar (Fig. 9) to those of
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<taxonomicName family="Macrodasyidae" genus="Macrodasys" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Macrodasys nigrocellus" order="Macrodasyida" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Gastrotricha" rank="species" species="nigrocellus">Macrodasys nigrocellus</taxonomicName>
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sp. n., namely the TbA, pestle organs and ocelli, though other characters such as the location of the testes and of the adhesive tubes make one wish that Gerlach had completed the entire drawing, rather than just the front half so that we might have seen the accessory reproductive organs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |