143 lines
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143 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="6A6E33EDA94AD674DD57B1A69A4FACDA" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e2f4b6e8-d909-4231-867a-08808dfc66ca" ID-PMC="PMC5523376" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-669-113" ID-PubMed="28769656" ID-ZooBank="13D2ECC5A53C4A19A00C406E940BADD2" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-669-113" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 669" ModsDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & García, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)" checkinTime="1492859332780" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kohlenberg, Alex T. & Short, Andrew Edward Z." docDate="2017" docId="55F5AB97E9B3899697D06BBC5D16499B" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 669: 113-146" docOrigin="ZooKeys 669" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773" docTitle="Tobochares Short & Garcia 2007" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="115" masterDocId="FFB58A38FFA2FFE95A3EFF9EA741B933" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)" masterLastPageNumber="146" masterPageNumber="113" pageNumber="114" updateTime="1701315627513" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="17F7622791838577A9F79BBA4D48004D">
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<mods:title id="BD60C0A63FD1BB10096D82ADD2DC3771">Revision of the Neotropical water scavenger beetle genus Tobochares Short & Garcia, 2007 (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8161388C7CB8427F064E0E678701EAA6">Kohlenberg, Alex T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="FF5481BDB7CAAB6FBCBF8D54CE8B4612">Short, Andrew Edward Z.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="234C6925071C595DADB978685CCC0514">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="11583A93C046DCF9BEFCDAFFD1BC4917">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="F15B01B6B6B13FA915A2F87258DC2A6B">
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<mods:date id="854C5E1A430917FC3CD06106F1740197">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="56AAE7AA4E380B7DA1C5CD6B97A4687D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="738B5BC08560DB0EAC62838CCB81BEBA">669</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="0DBA9E2611A22FF9E8759AE3F489AB4C">113</mods:start>
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<mods:url id="EB248F6DE6D2A71F0FAED5D43221391F">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="7BC1427C3885FF0756FB9A4CD81C9297">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="F4653F6B4BA26780CB17B9D0E6C5D3B6" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.669.11773</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="55F5AB97E9B3899697D06BBC5D16499B" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128696887" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:55F5AB97E9B3899697D06BBC5D16499B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/55F5AB97E9B3899697D06BBC5D16499B" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="1" pageNumber="114">
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<subSubSection id="6794865AA14ACBC0CD6277EFBE03CCC3" pageId="1" pageNumber="114" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="D1AAC3035D10EF90FA3D780DBAE13516" pageId="1" pageNumber="114">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="7522643AADECE36A8886C845BB6FEB65" ID-CoL="8X7X8" authority="Short & Garcia, 2007" authorityName="Short & Garcia" authorityYear="2007" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Tobochares Short &
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<normalizedToken id="5BD74C066397A3B6D873FE1F7ABCE3D0" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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, 2007
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="A474239EC48E5230CE46B54DF496C1E9" pageId="1" pageNumber="114" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="C81D14F92A1D7AC0EEF2C0CED9AAF613" pageId="1" pageNumber="114">
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<taxonomicName id="26A272170A7750D9CDB88E6CB8748267" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tobochares</taxonomicName>
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Short &
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<normalizedToken id="4F8F307A41854BF8F705BF2992D5F7D2" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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, 2007: 2.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="CFA72FC723AD2C6261A88046E683BA99" pageId="1" pageNumber="114" type="type species">
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<paragraph id="269869BAF5593D9B3D15FA8F17D70FF9" pageId="1" pageNumber="114">Type species.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="58EBD8273C46DB68CE50B22E27987F6A" pageId="1" pageNumber="114">
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<taxonomicName id="44FD4708D224536CE9ED4983A317B481" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares sulcatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="114" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sulcatus">Tobochares sulcatus</taxonomicName>
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Short &
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<normalizedToken id="574107CA03387BA22B1D1624797ABE71" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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, by original designation.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="5CAF40C8C4C3A3171318C8C4ECD8554F" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="1" pageNumber="114" type="differential diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="3F317D5576C037C0EBF3B8CA27FE25C4" pageId="1" pageNumber="114">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="97DC14D591FBF9054FBD3B097A700101" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="115" pageId="1" pageNumber="114">
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Size small, 1.5-2.4 mm. Antennae with eight antennomeres, including three-segmented club. Elytra without sutural stria, but with serial punctures impressed into distinct grooves (serial punctures present but not impressed
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<pageBreakToken id="03C4BC8450619589E08BEBFA02A20F84" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" start="start">into</pageBreakToken>
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groves in
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<taxonomicName id="1E43376D791FD978284C0951264E378D" lsidName="T. canthus" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="canthus">T. canthus</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName id="6860EBA733F305DFF3FE9520CF7E4979" lsidName="T. emarginatus" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="emarginatus">T. emarginatus</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName id="5BA51A8E4C403AB80D1F8637FA3754AF" lsidName="T. pallidus" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="pallidus">T. pallidus</taxonomicName>
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). Median elevation of mesoventrite low, forming a narrow transverse ridge or elevated bulge (Fig. 9). Metaventrite with distinct posteromedial ovoid glabrous patch (Fig. 10). Metafemora glabrous except for a few scattered setae (Fig. 12). Fifth abdominal ventrite evenly rounded, without apical emargination or coarse setae (Fig. 13). Aedeagus with basal piece very short (Fig. 14).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="4646547836DA5834B644119B96D71D10" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" type="description">
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<paragraph id="3F3D0D7857DC835F7BB78C7E6F8A32D7" pageId="2" pageNumber="115">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="011BFC9632126DCD15AD5D31F3457B5D" pageId="2" pageNumber="115">
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Head. Antennae with eight antennomeres, including three-segmented pubescent club. Maxillary palps curved inward and moderately long, as long or longer than the width of head just anterior to eyes; inner face of palpomere 2 straight to slightly curved; apical palpomere slightly longer than penultimate. Labial palps short, distinctly shorter than mentum width. Mentum flat and set with a few scattered setae; strongly emarginated anteromedially with a notch extending posteriorly about one-quarter to one-third of its length. Head with ground punctures. Frons with series of irregular systematic, setae-bearing punctures anterior to each eye. Systematic punctures also present on clypeus and labrum but blend with ground punctation. Eyes not bulging, continuous with outline of the head; slightly to strongly emarginated anteriorly by a small extension of the frons (Figs 4-6). Thorax. Pronotum with systematic punctation in lateral thirds, each puncture usually bearing a short seta. Prosternum narrow, not carinate medially; very slightly elevated in anterior third, and with a transverse crease. Mesoventrite with anapleural sutures distinctly concave. Mesoventrite with a low, transverse ridge medially (Fig. 9
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<normalizedToken id="92AFEAC91F7975CD9071F4E47DA69887" originalValue="B–F">B-F</normalizedToken>
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) or rarely with only a weakly elevated bulge (Fig. 9A) without clear directionality (in
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<taxonomicName id="F962CB4A8214E08789C48EEE39ECBDFC" lsidName="T. canthus" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="canthus">T. canthus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="63878E789D5FC1FD451ABEC67D160E22" lsidName="T. emarginatus" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="emarginatus">T. emarginatus</taxonomicName>
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). Metaventrite with medium to large glabrous patch posteromedially (Fig. 10). Elytra without sutural stria; with ten rows of serial punctures which are depressed into grooves on at least the posterior half of the elytra (except
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<taxonomicName id="A5CE7C50A1BE66953F6DAAD01941F553" lsidName="T. canthus" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="canthus">T. canthus</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="36A23385DE2A04217E37CAB0DD510F52" lsidName="T. emarginatus" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="emarginatus">T. emarginatus</taxonomicName>
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, which have weakly differentiated serial punctures that are not impressed into grooves); with irregular rows of small but distinct systematic punctures bearing short setae. Procoxae set with sparse setae, but without thickened spines. Hind femora glabrous, with only a few scattered setae (Fig. 12). All tarsi with five segments; with a few short setae on dorsal face but without long natatory setae. Ventral surface of tarsomeres 1-4 set with two rows of moderately long articulated spicules. Abdomen. With five densely pubescent ventrites, with setae slightly denser medially on each ventrite (Fig. 13); sometimes with small spicules interspersed amongst the setae. Fifth ventrite evenly rounded and without any thickened setae at apex. Aedeagus (Fig. 14) with short basal piece, less than one-third the length of the parameres. Median lobe moderately wide, as wide or wider than base of each paramere.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="E5278FFF2AD467E99B1858A6E42B36B2" pageId="2" pageNumber="115">Larvae. The immature stages are unknown.</paragraph>
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<caption id="E7FC0F84D4CAD1022282C7C8264CDD40" pageId="2" pageNumber="115">
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<paragraph id="7F3028B6C9B195409C86FC5C62D07081" pageId="2" pageNumber="115">
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Figure 5. Front and lateral view of heads of
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<taxonomicName id="D0487DF04650B8D3EDC500F8AD1DD2B1" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tobochares</taxonomicName>
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spp.
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<normalizedToken id="1A490F6A8923A7028D6E62E142FD32A3" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName id="D8452C7CA18273B29515D98EBCC9E895" lsidName="T. kusad" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="kusad">T. kusad</taxonomicName>
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sp. n.
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<normalizedToken id="754895DEAD0EB1BE0C15FB08F52E0962" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName id="EF94CA84E533E6A77174E88B09793B5E" lsidName="T. striatus" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="striatus">T. striatus</taxonomicName>
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<normalizedToken id="6C58352C52C5CBAD04F167EC123F3755" originalValue="E–F">E-F</normalizedToken>
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<taxonomicName id="7B2FBE017947525C654BB270FEB7A9F6" lsidName="T. sulcatus" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="sulcatus">T. sulcatus</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="747C3B36F9D12351685AC9908BCC9F89" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="51E3750F7282CE20DAA645F35BE70AC9" pageId="2" pageNumber="115">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9BB00303EE2C03AE610E75962E6B062F" pageId="2" pageNumber="115">Venezuela (Amazonas, Bolivar), Guyana, Suriname.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="97EA5F7682C813D45615CAC89A0C87A1" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="B21A7E4F0EE41A5633248ABB7131A25A" pageId="2" pageNumber="115">Biology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F84A17D37C22025CD712D2B2A40F57D7" pageId="2" pageNumber="115">
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Nearly all collections of
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<taxonomicName id="1948A063D332A117B264829120CDC067" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tobochares</taxonomicName>
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are associated with hygropetric habitats, e.g. thin water films on rock. A handful of specimens have been collected from stream or forest pool margins that are fed by or adjacent to such habitats. Most seepages on which
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<taxonomicName id="5138CD71B75DF34203C573E661019F0A" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Tobochares" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tobochares" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tobochares</taxonomicName>
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tend to be found are littered with leaves and detritus (e.g. Figs 17
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<normalizedToken id="6DA122FF829066D87845998BD43578F4" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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, 18
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<normalizedToken id="D36689A5B560327BD2EA11E97B4ED7BB" originalValue="A–B">A-B</normalizedToken>
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), though this is not always the case in some vertical seepage situations (e.g. Fig. 16E). The genus frequently co-occurs with other known seep specialists, including the hyrophilid genera
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<taxonomicName id="CDAF8D3AD52C88690AFDB7A421564053" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Oocyclus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oocyclus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oocyclus</taxonomicName>
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Sharp, 1882 and
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<taxonomicName id="DC8536AF9D5A78270916A6B8D2C9E3B2" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Radicitus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Radicitus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Radicitus</taxonomicName>
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Short &
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<normalizedToken id="FBF195B4F4EDC20AC141BA8997468422" originalValue="García">Garcia</normalizedToken>
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, 2014, the dytiscid genus
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<taxonomicName id="1CFC1491320306DEEBFFF0EFDE80A8F7" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Fontidessus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Fontidessus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Fontidessus</taxonomicName>
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Miller & Spangler, 2008, and several myxophagan groups.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |